A shiny gray element with atomic symbol As, atomic number 33, and atomic weight 75. It occurs throughout the universe, mostly in the form of metallic arsenides. Most forms are toxic. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), arsenic and certain arsenic compounds have been listed as known carcinogens. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)
Disorders associated with acute or chronic exposure to compounds containing ARSENIC (ARSENICALS) which may be fatal. Acute oral ingestion is associated with gastrointestinal symptoms and an encephalopathy which may manifest as SEIZURES, mental status changes, and COMA. Chronic exposure is associated with mucosal irritation, desquamating rash, myalgias, peripheral neuropathy, and white transverse (Mees) lines in the fingernails. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1212)
Inorganic or organic compounds that contain arsenic.
Binary compounds of oxygen containing the anion O(2-). The anion combines with metals to form alkaline oxides and non-metals to form acidic oxides.
Chemical compounds which pollute the water of rivers, streams, lakes, the sea, reservoirs, or other bodies of water.
An arsenical that has been used as a dermatologic agent and as an herbicide.
Inorganic salts or organic esters of arsenious acid.
Inorganic or organic salts and esters of arsenic acid.
Water that is intended to be ingested.
Inorganic compounds that contain sodium as an integral part of the molecule.
Means or process of supplying water (as for a community) usually including reservoirs, tunnels, and pipelines and often the watershed from which the water is ultimately drawn. (Webster, 3d ed)
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Bangladesh" is a country located in South Asia, not a medical term or concept. Therefore, it doesn't have a medical definition. It shares borders with India, Myanmar (Burma), and Bay of Bengal. The population is primarily Bengali, and the official language is Bangla (Bengali). The capital city is Dhaka. If you have any questions related to medicine or health, feel free to ask!
The thin, horny plates that cover the dorsal surfaces of the distal phalanges of the fingers and toes of primates.
The exposure to potentially harmful chemical, physical, or biological agents in the environment or to environmental factors that may include ionizing radiation, pathogenic organisms, or toxic chemicals.
Adverse effect upon bodies of water (LAKES; RIVERS; seas; groundwater etc.) caused by CHEMICAL WATER POLLUTANTS.
Constructions built to access underground water.
Substances which pollute the soil. Use for soil pollutants in general or for which there is no specific heading.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "New Hampshire" is a geographical location and not a medical term or concept, so it doesn't have a medical definition. It is a state in the northeastern United States, known for its scenic beauty and the White Mountains. If you have any questions related to health, medicine, or healthcare services in the state of New Hampshire, I would be happy to help with those!
The monitoring of the level of toxins, chemical pollutants, microbial contaminants, or other harmful substances in the environment (soil, air, and water), workplace, or in the bodies of people and animals present in that environment.
Substances or organisms which pollute the water or bodies of water. Use for water pollutants in general or those for which there is no specific heading.
Liquid water present beneath the surface of the earth.
'Skin diseases' is a broad term for various conditions affecting the skin, including inflammatory disorders, infections, benign and malignant tumors, congenital abnormalities, and degenerative diseases, which can cause symptoms such as rashes, discoloration, eruptions, lesions, itching, or pain.
An arsenic derivative which has anticoccidial action and promotes growth in animals.
Spectrophotometric techniques by which the absorption or emmision spectra of radiation from atoms are produced and analyzed.
A plant genus of the family PTERIDACEAE. Members contain entkaurane DITERPENES. The name is similar to bracken fern (PTERIDIUM).
Oxidoreductases that specifically reduce arsenate ion to arsenite ion. Reduction of arsenate is a critical step for its biotransformation into a form that can be transported by ARSENITE TRANSPORTING ATPASES or complexed by specific sulfhydryl-containing proteins for the purpose of detoxification (METABOLIC DETOXIFICATION, DRUG). Arsenate reductases require reducing equivalents such as GLUTAREDOXIN or AZURIN.
The presence in food of harmful, unpalatable, or otherwise objectionable foreign substances, e.g. chemicals, microorganisms or diluents, before, during, or after processing or storage.
A metallic element that has the atomic symbol Sb, atomic number 51, and atomic weight 121.75. It is used as a metal alloy and as medicinal and poisonous salts. It is toxic and an irritant to the skin and the mucous membranes.
A general class of integral membrane proteins that transport ions across a membrane against an electrochemical gradient.
Efflux pumps that use the energy of ATP hydrolysis to pump arsenite across a membrane. They are primarily found in prokaryotic organisms, where they play a role in protection against excess intracellular levels of arsenite ions.
Substances or energies, for example heat or light, which when introduced into the air, water, or land threaten life or health of individuals or ECOSYSTEMS.
The science, art, or technology dealing with processes involved in the separation of metals from their ores, the technique of making or compounding the alloys, the techniques of working or heat-treating metals, and the mining of metals. It includes industrial metallurgy as well as metallurgical techniques employed in the preparation and working of metals used in dentistry, with special reference to orthodontic and prosthodontic appliances. (From Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p494)
'Mining' in medical terminology is not a commonly used term, but it can refer to the process of extracting or excavating minerals or other resources from the earth, which can have health impacts such as respiratory diseases and hearing loss among workers in the mining industry.
Metals with high specific gravity, typically larger than 5. They have complex spectra, form colored salts and double salts, have a low electrode potential, are mainly amphoteric, yield weak bases and weak acids, and are oxidizing or reducing agents (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)
I'm sorry for any confusion, but the term "Chile" is not a medical concept or condition, it is a country located in South America. If you have any questions related to medical topics, I would be happy to help answer those!
Carcinogenic substances that are found in the environment.
A subgroup of aquaporins that transport WATER; GLYCEROL; and other small solutes across CELL MEMBRANES.
A filament-like structure consisting of a shaft which projects to the surface of the SKIN from a root which is softer than the shaft and lodges in the cavity of a HAIR FOLLICLE. It is found on most surfaces of the body.
Addition of methyl groups. In histo-chemistry methylation is used to esterify carboxyl groups and remove sulfate groups by treating tissue sections with hot methanol in the presence of hydrochloric acid. (From Stedman, 25th ed)
Partial hearing loss in both ears.
Inorganic compounds that contain iodine as an integral part of the molecule.
Drugs used to treat or prevent skin disorders or for the routine care of skin.
Inorganic compounds that contain vanadium as an integral part of the molecule.
A general term for the complete or partial loss of the ability to hear from one or both ears.
Subjectively experienced sensations in the absence of an appropriate stimulus, but which are regarded by the individual as real. They may be of organic origin or associated with MENTAL DISORDERS.

Arsenic trioxide and melarsoprol induce apoptosis in plasma cell lines and in plasma cells from myeloma patients. (1/242)

Recent data have renewed the interest for arsenic-containing compounds as anticancer agents. In particular, arsenic trioxide (As2O3) has been demonstrated to be an effective drug in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia by inducing programmed cell death in leukemic cells both in vitro and in vivo. This prompted us to study the in vitro effects of As2O3 and of another arsenical derivative, the organic compound melarsoprol, on human myeloma cells and on the plasma cell differentiation of normal B cells. At pharmacological concentrations (10(-8) to 10(-6) mol/L), As2O3 and melarsoprol caused a dose- and time-dependent inhibition of survival and growth in myeloma cell lines that was, in some, similar to that of acute promyelocytic leukemia cells. Both arsenical compounds induced plasma cell apoptosis, as assessed by 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole staining, detection of phosphatidylserine at the cell surface using annexin V, and by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated nick end labeling assay. As2O3 and melarsoprol also inhibited viability and growth and induced apoptosis in plasma-cell enriched preparations from the bone marrow or blood of myeloma patients. In nonseparated bone marrow samples, both arsenical compounds triggered death in myeloma cells while sparing most myeloid cells, as demonstrated by double staining with annexin V and CD38 or CD15 antibodies. In primary myeloma cells as in cell lines, interleukin 6 did not prevent arsenic-induced cell death or growth inhibition, and no synergistic effect was observed with IFN-alpha. In contrast to As2O3, melarsoprol only slightly reduced the plasma cell differentiation of normal B cells induced by pokeweed mitogen. Both pokeweed mitogen-induced normal plasma cells and malignant plasma cells showed a normal nuclear distribution of PML protein, which was disrupted by As2O3 but not by melarsoprol, suggesting that the two arsenical derivatives acted by different mechanisms. These results point to the use of arsenical derivatives as investigational drugs in the treatment of multiple myeloma.  (+info)

Health impacts of domestic coal use in China. (2/242)

Domestic coal combustion has had profound adverse effects on the health of millions of people worldwide. In China alone several hundred million people commonly burn raw coal in unvented stoves that permeate their homes with high levels of toxic metals and organic compounds. At least 3,000 people in Guizhou Province in southwest China are suffering from severe arsenic poisoning. The primary source of the arsenic appears to be consumption of chili peppers dried over fires fueled with high-arsenic coal. Coal samples in the region were found to contain up to 35,000 ppm arsenic. Chili peppers dried over high-arsenic coal fires adsorb 500 ppm arsenic on average. More than 10 million people in Guizhou Province and surrounding areas suffer from dental and skeletal fluorosis. The excess fluorine is caused by eating corn dried over burning briquettes made from high-fluorine coals and high-fluorine clay binders. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons formed during coal combustion are believed to cause or contribute to the high incidence of esophageal and lung cancers in parts of China. Domestic coal combustion also has caused selenium poisoning and possibly mercury poisoning. Better knowledge of coal quality parameters may help to reduce some of these health problems. For example, information on concentrations and distributions of potentially toxic elements in coal may help delineate areas of a coal deposit to be avoided. Information on the modes of occurrence of these elements and the textural relations of the minerals and macerals in coal may help predict the behavior of the potentially toxic components during coal combustion.  (+info)

Increased chromosome-type chromosome aberration frequencies as biomarkers of cancer risk in a blackfoot endemic area. (3/242)

To examine whether biomarkers such as sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) and chromosome aberrations (CAs) can predict cancer development, a nested case-control study was performed in a blackfoot endemic area with a known high cancer risk. A cohort of 686 residents was recruited from three villages in the blackfoot endemic area. Personal characteristics were collected, and venous blood was drawn for lymphocyte culture and stored in a refrigerator. The vital status and cancer development were followed using the National Death Registry, Cancer Registry, and Blackfoot Disease Registry. The follow-up period was from August 1991 to July 1995. During this 4-year period, 31 residents developed various types of cancer. Blood culture samples from nine of these subjects were unsuitable for experiments due to improper storage. Finally, a total of 22 cancer cases had cytogenetic samples that could be analyzed. Twenty-two control subjects were selected from those who did not develop cancer in the study period, and these subjects were matched to cases by sex, age, smoking habits, and residential area. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the frequencies of SCE and chromatid-type CAs between the case and control groups. However, the frequencies of chromosome-type CAs, e.g., chromosome-type gaps, chromosome-type breaks, chromosome-type breaks plus exchanges, total chromosome-type aberrations, and total frequencies of CAs in the case group, were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The odds ratio of cancer risk in subjects with more than zero chromosome-type breaks was 5.0 (95% confidence interval = 1.09-22.82) compared to those with zero chromosomal breaks. The odds ratios for more than zero chromosome-type breaks plus exchanges and a frequency of total chromosome-type aberrations of >1.007% were 11.0 and 12.0, respectively (P < 0.05). Subjects with a total CA frequency of >4.023% had a 9-fold increase for cancer risk. These results indicate that chromosome-type CAs are good biomarkers for the prediction of cancer development, whereas SCEs and chromatid-type CAs cannot predict cancer risk.  (+info)

Testing their metal. (4/242)

Metals continually rank at the top of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's annual list of agents that pose the greatest hazard to the people of the United States. Metals aren't going away, either. They do not biodegrade, and they often concentrate in human and animal cells and tissue. Many metals are known human and animal carcinogens, while many others are suspected to play a role in cancer. Little is known, however, about the mechanisms by which metals cause cancer.  (+info)

The development of Lewisite vapour induced lesions in the domestic, white pig. (5/242)

Studies performed in the past in our laboratory have detailed the development of sulphur mustard lesions in the domestic, white pig using small glass chambers to achieve saturated vapour exposure under occluded conditions. We have now used this experimental model to produce cutaneous lesions for detailed histopathological studies following challenge with lewisite. Histological examination of resulting lesions have revealed that although the overall pattern of lesion development is similar to that seen following mustard challenge, the time-course of cellular events is very much compressed. The epidermis showed focal basal cell vacuolation with associated acute inflammation as early as one hour postexposure. Coagulative necrosis of the epidermis and papillary dermis was complete by 24 hours and followed the appearance of multiple coalescent blisters between six and 12 hours post-exposure. At 48 hours, the lesions were full thickness burns with necrosis extending into the deep subcutaneous connective and adipose tissues. The study of lesions beyond 24 hours revealed early epithelial regeneration at the wound edge. The overall spontaneous healing rate of these biologically severe lesions was significantly faster than comparable sulphur mustard injuries and probably reflected a lack of alkylation of DNA and RNA.  (+info)

Arsenic-related Bowen's disease, palmar keratosis, and skin cancer. (6/242)

Chronic arsenical intoxication can still be found in environmental and industrial settings. Symptoms of chronic arsenic intoxication include general pigmentation or focal "raindrop" pigmentation of the skin and the appearance of hyperkeratosis of the palms of the hands and soles of the feet. In addition to arsenic-related skin diseases including keratosis, Bowen's disease, basal-cell-carcinoma, and squamous-cell carcinoma, there is also an increased risk of some internal malignancies. Arsenic-related diseases are common in areas of the world where the drinking water has a high arsenic content. In this paper, we describe a 35-year-old male patient who had arsenic-related keratosis, squamous-cell carcinoma in the palmar area of his left hand, and Bowen's disease on his left thigh. The patient worked in a borax mine for 15 years, so he was exposed to arsenic in drinking water, airborne arsenic in his workplace, and had direct contact. The patient was treated for 11 months for arsenic-related keratosis until an axillary lymph node metastasis occurred; the lesion was excised and diagnosed to be malignant. Bowen's disease was detected when the patient was being treated for cancer. No other malignancy was found. The patient is still receiving regular follow-up care.  (+info)

Enhanced transcription factor DNA binding and gene expression induced by arsenite or arsenate in renal slices. (7/242)

Although the kidney represents a target for the accumulation and toxicity of arsenic, little is known about the molecular targets of arsenic in this organ. Therefore, these studies were designed to examine the molecular impact of arsenite [As(III)] and arsenate [As(V)] at low (nanomolar) concentrations. Precision-cut rabbit renal cortical slices were challenged with As(III) or As(V) for up to 8 h. Neither form of the metal induced overt cytotoxicity as assessed by intracellular K+ levels over this time period at concentrations from 0.01-10 microM. In addition, no alterations in the expression of Hsp 60, 70, or 90 were observed. However, induction of heme oxygenase-1 (Hsp 32) was seen following a 4-h challenge with As(III), but not with As(V). As(III) and As(V) induced DNA binding of AP-1 at 2- and 4-h exposure; following a 6-h exposure there was no difference. Although no alteration in the DNA binding activity of ATF-2 was induced by As(III) or As(V), both forms enhanced the DNA binding activity of Elk-1. Enhanced DNA binding activity of AP-1 and Elk-1 correlated with increased gene expression of c-fos, but not c-jun, at 2 h. c-myc gene expression was also induced by As(III) and As(V), albeit at a later time point (6 h). These results suggest that acute arsenic challenge, by either As(III) or As(V), is associated with discrete alterations in the activity of signaling pathways and gene expression in renal tissue.  (+info)

Relations between exposure to arsenic, skin lesions, and glucosuria. (8/242)

OBJECTIVES: Exposure to arsenic causes keratosis, hyperpigmentation, and hypopigmentation and seemingly also diabetes mellitus, at least in subjects with skin lesions. Here we evaluate the relations of arsenical skin lesions and glucosuria as a proxy for diabetes mellitus. METHODS: Through existing measurements of arsenic in drinking water in Bangladesh, wells with and without arsenic contamination were identified. Based on a questionnaire, 1595 subjects > or = 30 years of age were interviewed; 1481 had a history of drinking water contaminated with arsenic whereas 114 had not. Time weighted mean arsenic concentrations and mg-years/l of exposure to arsenic were estimated based on the history of consumption of well water and current arsenic concentrations. Urine samples from the study subjects were tested by means of a glucometric strip. People with positive tests were considered to be cases of glucosuria. RESULTS: A total of 430 (29%) of the exposed people were found to have skin lesions. Corresponding to drinking water with < 0.5, 0.5-1.0, and > 1.0 mg/l of arsenic, and with the 114 unexposed subjects as the reference, the prevalence ratios for glucosuria, as adjusted for age and sex, were 0.8, 1.4, and 1.4 for those without skin lesions, and 1.1, 2.2, and 2.6 for those with skin lesions. Taking exposure as < 1.0, 1.0-5.0, > 5.0-10.0 and > 10.0 mg-years/l of exposure to arsenic the prevalence ratios, similarly adjusted, were 0.4, 0.9, 1.2, and 1.7 for those without and 0.8, 1.7, 2.1, and 2.9 for those with skin lesions. All series of risk estimates were significant for trend, (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that skin lesions and diabetes mellitus, as here indicated by glucosuria, are largely independent effects of exposure to arsenic although glucosuria had some tendency to be associated with skin lesions. Importantly, however, glucosuria (diabetes mellitus) may occur independently of skin lesions.  (+info)

Arsenic is a naturally occurring semi-metal element that can be found in the earth's crust. It has the symbol "As" and atomic number 33 on the periodic table. Arsenic can exist in several forms, including inorganic and organic compounds. In its pure form, arsenic is a steel-gray, shiny solid that is brittle and easily pulverized.

Arsenic is well known for its toxicity to living organisms, including humans. Exposure to high levels of arsenic can cause various health problems, such as skin lesions, neurological damage, and an increased risk of cancer. Arsenic can enter the body through contaminated food, water, or air, and it can also be absorbed through the skin.

In medicine, arsenic has been used historically in the treatment of various diseases, including syphilis and parasitic infections. However, its use as a therapeutic agent is limited due to its toxicity. Today, arsenic trioxide is still used as a chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), a type of blood cancer. The drug works by inducing differentiation and apoptosis (programmed cell death) in APL cells, which contain a specific genetic abnormality. However, its use is closely monitored due to the potential for severe side effects and toxicity.

Arsenic poisoning is a condition that occurs when a person ingests or comes into contact with a toxic amount of arsenic, a naturally occurring element found in the earth's crust. Arsenic has no smell or taste, making it difficult to detect in food, water, or air.

Acute arsenic poisoning can occur after a single large exposure to arsenic, while chronic arsenic poisoning occurs after repeated or long-term exposure to lower levels of arsenic. The symptoms of acute arsenic poisoning include vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and muscle cramps. In severe cases, it can lead to death due to heart failure or respiratory failure.

Chronic arsenic poisoning can cause a range of health problems, including skin changes such as pigmentation and hard patches on the palms and soles, weakness, peripheral neuropathy, and an increased risk of cancer, particularly skin, lung, bladder, and kidney cancer. It can also affect cognitive development in children.

Arsenic poisoning is treated by removing the source of exposure and providing supportive care to manage symptoms. Chelation therapy may be used to remove arsenic from the body in cases of severe acute poisoning or chronic poisoning with high levels of arsenic. Prevention measures include monitoring and reducing exposure to arsenic in food, water, and air, as well as proper handling and disposal of arsenic-containing products.

Arsenicals are a group of chemicals that contain arsenic, a naturally occurring element that is toxic to humans and animals. Arsenic can combine with other elements such as chlorine, sulfur, or carbon to form various inorganic and organic compounds known as arsenicals. These compounds have been used in a variety of industrial and agricultural applications, including wood preservatives, pesticides, and herbicides.

Exposure to high levels of arsenic can cause serious health effects, including skin damage, circulatory problems, and increased risk of cancer. Long-term exposure to lower levels of arsenic can also lead to chronic health issues, such as neurological damage and diabetes. Therefore, the use of arsenicals is regulated in many countries to minimize human and environmental exposure.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "oxides" is not a term that has a specific medical definition. Oxides are a class of chemical compounds that contain at least one oxygen atom and one other element. They can be formed through the process of oxidation, which involves the combination of oxygen with another substance.

In a broader sense, you might encounter the term "oxide" in a medical context when discussing various materials or substances used in medical devices, treatments, or research. For instance, titanium dioxide is a common ingredient in medical-grade sunscreens due to its ability to block and scatter UV light. However, it's important to note that the term "oxides" itself doesn't have a direct connection to medicine or human health.

Chemical water pollutants refer to harmful chemicals or substances that contaminate bodies of water, making them unsafe for human use and harmful to aquatic life. These pollutants can come from various sources, including industrial and agricultural runoff, sewage and wastewater, oil spills, and improper disposal of hazardous materials.

Examples of chemical water pollutants include heavy metals (such as lead, mercury, and cadmium), pesticides and herbicides, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and petroleum products. These chemicals can have toxic effects on aquatic organisms, disrupt ecosystems, and pose risks to human health through exposure or consumption.

Regulations and standards are in place to monitor and limit the levels of chemical pollutants in water sources, with the aim of protecting public health and the environment.

Cacodylic acid is an organic compound with the formula (CH3)2AsO2. It is the simplest dialkyl arsenic acid and is classified as a toxic organoarsenic compound. Cacodylic acid was once used in various medical applications, but its use has been largely discontinued due to its high toxicity and environmental concerns.

It's important to note that cacodylic acid is not commonly encountered in modern medicine or clinical practice. Its historical medical uses included as a treatment for some parasitic infections, but it has since been replaced by safer and more effective alternatives. Nowadays, cacodylic acid is primarily used in research and industrial settings, where it serves as a precursor for the synthesis of other organoarsenic compounds.

Arsenites are inorganic compounds that contain arsenic in the trivalent state (arsenic-III). They are formed by the reaction of arsenic trioxide (As2O3) or other trivalent arsenic compounds with bases such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, or ammonia.

The most common and well-known arsenite is sodium arsenite (NaAsO2), which has been used in the past as a wood preservative and pesticide. However, due to its high toxicity and carcinogenicity, its use has been largely discontinued. Other examples of arsenites include potassium arsenite (KAsO2) and calcium arsenite (Ca3(AsO3)2).

Arsenites are highly toxic and can cause a range of health effects, including skin irritation, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and death in severe cases. Long-term exposure to arsenites has been linked to an increased risk of cancer, particularly lung, bladder, and skin cancer.

Arsenates are salts or esters of arsenic acid (AsO4). They contain the anion AsO4(3-), which consists of an arsenic atom bonded to four oxygen atoms in a tetrahedral arrangement. Arsenates can be found in various minerals, and they have been used in pesticides, wood preservatives, and other industrial applications. However, arsenic is highly toxic to humans and animals, so exposure to arsenates should be limited. Long-term exposure to arsenic can cause skin lesions, cancer, and damage to the nervous system, among other health problems.

Drinking water, also known as potable water, is water that is safe to consume and meets the health-based standards established by regulatory agencies for human consumption. It is free from harmful levels of contaminants, including microorganisms, chemicals, radiological elements, and aesthetic factors such as taste, odor, and appearance.

Drinking water can come from various sources, including surface water (e.g., rivers, lakes), groundwater (e.g., wells), and treated wastewater that has undergone advanced purification processes. The treatment of drinking water typically involves several steps, such as coagulation, sedimentation, filtration, and disinfection, to remove or inactivate pathogens and other contaminants.

Access to safe drinking water is essential for human health, as it helps prevent various waterborne diseases and ensures proper hydration. Regular monitoring and testing of drinking water sources and distribution systems are necessary to maintain the quality and safety of the water supply.

Sodium compounds are chemical substances that contain the element sodium (Na) combined with one or more other elements. Sodium is an alkali metal and is highly reactive, so it rarely exists in its pure form in nature. Instead, it is typically found combined with other elements in the form of various sodium compounds.

Some common examples of sodium compounds include:

* Sodium chloride (NaCl), also known as table salt, which is a compound formed from the reaction between sodium and chlorine.
* Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), also known as baking soda, which is used as a leavening agent in baking and as a household cleaner.
* Sodium hydroxide (NaOH), also known as lye, which is a strong alkali used in industrial applications such as the manufacture of soap and paper.
* Sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), also known as washing soda, which is used as a water softener and cleaning agent.

Sodium compounds have a variety of uses in medicine, including as electrolytes to help maintain fluid balance in the body, as antacids to neutralize stomach acid, and as laxatives to relieve constipation. However, it is important to use sodium compounds as directed by a healthcare professional, as excessive intake can lead to high blood pressure and other health problems.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "water supply" is not a medical term per se. It is a general term used to describe the system or arrangement providing water for consumption or use, such as a public water supply system or a private well. However, in a medical context, it could refer to the source of water used in a healthcare facility for drinking, cooking, cleaning, and patient care, which must meet certain quality standards to prevent infection and ensure safety.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Bangladesh" is a country located in South Asia, rather than a medical term or condition. It is bordered by India to the west, north, and east, and by Myanmar (Burma) to the southeast, with the Bay of Bengal to the south. The official name of the country is the People's Republic of Bangladesh.

If you have any questions related to medical terminology or health-related topics, I would be happy to help answer them for you!

In the context of medical terminology, "nails" primarily refer to the keratinous plates that are found at the tips of fingers and toes. These specialized structures are part of the outermost layer of the skin (epidermis) and are formed by a type of cells called keratinocytes. The nails serve to protect the delicate underlying tissues from trauma, and they also aid in tasks such as picking up small objects or scratching itches.

The medical term for fingernails and toenails is "unguis," which comes from Latin. Each nail consists of several parts:

1. Nail plate: The visible part of the nail that is hard and flat, made up of keratin.
2. Nail bed: The skin beneath the nail plate to which the nail plate is attached; it supplies blood to the nail.
3. Matrix: The area where new cells are produced for the growth of the nail plate; located under the cuticle and extends slightly onto the finger or toe.
4. Lunula: The crescent-shaped white area at the base of the nail plate, which is the visible portion of the matrix.
5. Cuticle: The thin layer of skin that overlaps the nail plate and protects the underlying tissue from infection.
6. Eponychium: The fold of skin that surrounds and covers the nail plate; also known as the "proximal nail fold."
7. Hyponychium: The area of skin between the free edge of the nail plate and the fingertip or toe tip.
8. Perionychiun: The skin surrounding the nail on all sides.

Understanding the anatomy and medical aspects of nails is essential for healthcare professionals, as various conditions can affect nail health, such as fungal infections, ingrown nails, or tumors.

Environmental exposure refers to the contact of an individual with any chemical, physical, or biological agent in the environment that can cause a harmful effect on health. These exposures can occur through various pathways such as inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact. Examples of environmental exposures include air pollution, water contamination, occupational chemicals, and allergens. The duration and level of exposure, as well as the susceptibility of the individual, can all contribute to the risk of developing an adverse health effect.

Chemical water pollution is the contamination of water bodies (such as lakes, rivers, oceans, and groundwater) with harmful chemicals or substances that negatively impact water quality and pose a threat to human health, aquatic life, and the environment. These chemical pollutants can come from various sources, including industrial and agricultural activities, waste disposal, oil spills, and chemical accidents. Examples of chemical pollutants include heavy metals (such as mercury, lead, and cadmium), pesticides, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and other hazardous substances. These chemicals can have toxic, carcinogenic, mutagenic, or teratogenic effects on living organisms and can disrupt ecosystems, leading to decreased biodiversity and impaired ecological functions.

"Water wells" are not a medical term, but rather a term used in environmental and public health fields. A water well is a structure created to access groundwater in underground aquifers. They can be drilled or dug, and the water they provide is often used for drinking, irrigation, and other purposes.

In the context of medicine and public health, water wells are important because they can provide a safe source of clean water, which is essential for preventing waterborne diseases such as cholera, typhoid fever, and hepatitis A. However, if water wells are not constructed or maintained properly, they can become contaminated with bacteria, viruses, chemicals, or other pollutants that can cause illness. Therefore, it's important to regularly test and monitor the quality of water from wells to ensure it's safe for consumption.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "soil pollutants" is not a term typically used in medical definitions. Soil pollution refers to the presence or accumulation of hazardous substances, chemicals, or other pollutants in soil that can have negative effects on plant life, human health, and the environment.

However, if you're asking about potential health effects of exposure to soil pollutants, it could include a variety of symptoms or diseases, depending on the specific pollutant. For example, exposure to lead-contaminated soil can lead to developmental delays in children, while exposure to certain pesticides or industrial chemicals can cause neurological problems, respiratory issues, and even cancer.

If you have more specific information about a particular substance or context, I may be able to provide a more precise answer.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "New Hampshire" is not a medical term or concept. It is one of the 50 states in the United States of America, located in the New England region. If you have any questions related to medical topics, I would be happy to try and help answer those for you!

Environmental monitoring is the systematic and ongoing surveillance, measurement, and assessment of environmental parameters, pollutants, or other stressors in order to evaluate potential impacts on human health, ecological systems, or compliance with regulatory standards. This process typically involves collecting and analyzing data from various sources, such as air, water, soil, and biota, and using this information to inform decisions related to public health, environmental protection, and resource management.

In medical terms, environmental monitoring may refer specifically to the assessment of environmental factors that can impact human health, such as air quality, water contamination, or exposure to hazardous substances. This type of monitoring is often conducted in occupational settings, where workers may be exposed to potential health hazards, as well as in community-based settings, where environmental factors may contribute to public health issues. The goal of environmental monitoring in a medical context is to identify and mitigate potential health risks associated with environmental exposures, and to promote healthy and safe environments for individuals and communities.

Water pollutants refer to any substances or materials that contaminate water sources and make them unsafe or unsuitable for use. These pollutants can include a wide range of chemicals, microorganisms, and physical particles that can have harmful effects on human health, aquatic life, and the environment as a whole. Examples of water pollutants include heavy metals like lead and mercury, industrial chemicals such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and dioxins, agricultural runoff containing pesticides and fertilizers, sewage and wastewater, oil spills, and microplastics. Exposure to water pollutants can cause a variety of health problems, ranging from minor irritations to serious illnesses or even death in extreme cases. Additionally, water pollution can have significant impacts on the environment, including harming or killing aquatic life, disrupting ecosystems, and reducing biodiversity.

Groundwater, in the context of environmental or public health, is often referred to in relation to potential sources of drinking water or as a potential route of exposure for contaminants. However, groundwater itself is not a medical term, but rather a geological one. Here's a simple definition:

Groundwater is the water that saturates the pore spaces within soil and rock formations below the land surface of Earth. It's a significant source of fresh water for many uses, including drinking, agriculture, and industry. However, it can also be vulnerable to contamination from various sources, such as agricultural runoff, industrial discharge, or improper waste disposal. Therefore, protecting groundwater quality is a critical public health issue.

Skin diseases, also known as dermatological conditions, refer to any medical condition that affects the skin, which is the largest organ of the human body. These diseases can affect the skin's function, appearance, or overall health. They can be caused by various factors, including genetics, infections, allergies, environmental factors, and aging.

Skin diseases can present in many different forms, such as rashes, blisters, sores, discolorations, growths, or changes in texture. Some common examples of skin diseases include acne, eczema, psoriasis, dermatitis, fungal infections, viral infections, bacterial infections, and skin cancer.

The symptoms and severity of skin diseases can vary widely depending on the specific condition and individual factors. Some skin diseases are mild and can be treated with over-the-counter medications or topical creams, while others may require more intensive treatments such as prescription medications, light therapy, or even surgery.

It is important to seek medical attention if you experience any unusual or persistent changes in your skin, as some skin diseases can be serious or indicative of other underlying health conditions. A dermatologist is a medical doctor who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of skin diseases.

Roxarsone is a type of arsenic-based drug that was previously used in the treatment and prevention of certain parasitic infections in animals, particularly in poultry. It belongs to a class of drugs known as antimicrobials. However, its use has been discontinued or restricted in many countries due to concerns about the potential for arsenic residues in food products and environmental contamination. Please note that this drug is not used in human medicine.

Atomic spectrophotometry is a type of analytical technique used to determine the concentration of specific atoms or ions in a sample by measuring the intensity of light absorbed or emitted at wavelengths characteristic of those atoms or ions. This technique involves the use of an atomic spectrometer, which uses a source of energy (such as a flame, plasma, or electrode) to excite the atoms or ions in the sample, causing them to emit light at specific wavelengths. The intensity of this emitted light is then measured and used to calculate the concentration of the element of interest.

Atomic spectrophotometry can be further divided into two main categories: atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS) and atomic emission spectrophotometry (AES). In AAS, the sample is atomized in a flame or graphite furnace and the light from a lamp that emits light at the same wavelength as one of the elements in the sample is passed through the atoms. The amount of light absorbed by the atoms is then measured and used to determine the concentration of the element. In AES, the sample is atomized and excited to emit its own light, which is then measured and analyzed to determine the concentration of the element.

Atomic spectrophotometry is widely used in various fields such as environmental monitoring, clinical chemistry, forensic science, and industrial quality control for the determination of trace elements in a variety of sample types including liquids, solids, and gases.

I apologize for any confusion, but "Pteris" is not a medical term. It is the name of a genus of ferns, commonly known as brake ferns or table ferns. If you have any questions about a medical term or concept, please provide it, and I would be happy to help define it for you.

Arsenate reductases are enzymes that catalyze the reduction of arsenate (As(V)) to arsenite (As(III)). This reaction is a critical step in the detoxification process of arsenic compounds in many organisms, including bacteria, fungi, and plants. The enzyme typically uses thioredoxin or glutaredoxin as an electron donor to reduce arsenate.

The medical significance of arsenate reductases lies in their role in arsenic detoxification and resistance. Exposure to high levels of arsenic can lead to a variety of health issues, including skin lesions, cancer, and neurological disorders. Understanding the mechanisms of arsenate reduction and detoxification may provide insights into new strategies for treating arsenic poisoning and developing environmental remediation technologies.

Food contamination is the presence of harmful microorganisms, chemicals, or foreign substances in food or water that can cause illness or injury to individuals who consume it. This can occur at any stage during production, processing, storage, or preparation of food, and can result from various sources such as:

1. Biological contamination: This includes the presence of harmful bacteria, viruses, parasites, or fungi that can cause foodborne illnesses. Examples include Salmonella, E. coli, Listeria, and norovirus.

2. Chemical contamination: This involves the introduction of hazardous chemicals into food, which may occur due to poor handling practices, improper storage, or exposure to environmental pollutants. Common sources of chemical contamination include pesticides, cleaning solvents, heavy metals, and natural toxins produced by certain plants or fungi.

3. Physical contamination: This refers to the presence of foreign objects in food, such as glass, plastic, hair, or insects, which can pose a choking hazard or introduce harmful substances into the body.

Preventing food contamination is crucial for ensuring food safety and protecting public health. Proper hygiene practices, temperature control, separation of raw and cooked foods, and regular inspections are essential measures to minimize the risk of food contamination.

Antimony is a toxic metallic element with the symbol Sb and atomic number 51. It exists in several allotropic forms and can be found naturally as the mineral stibnite. Antimony has been used for centuries in various applications, including medicinal ones, although its use in medicine has largely fallen out of favor due to its toxicity.

In a medical context, antimony may still be encountered in certain medications used to treat parasitic infections, such as pentavalent antimony compounds (e.g., sodium stibogluconate and meglumine antimoniate) for the treatment of leishmaniasis. However, these drugs can have significant side effects and their use is typically reserved for severe cases that cannot be treated with other medications.

It's important to note that exposure to antimony in high concentrations or over prolonged periods can lead to serious health issues, including respiratory problems, skin irritation, gastrointestinal symptoms, and even neurological damage. Therefore, handling antimony-containing substances should be done with caution and appropriate safety measures.

Ion pumps, also known as ion transporters, are membrane-bound proteins that actively transport ions across a biological membrane against their electrochemical gradient. This process requires energy, usually in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate), and allows cells to maintain resting potentials, regulate intracellular ion concentrations, and facilitate various physiological processes such as nerve impulse transmission, muscle contraction, and cell volume regulation.

Ion pumps can transport one or more types of ions, including sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), chloride (Cl-), calcium (Ca2+), and protons (H+). A well-known example of an ion pump is the Na+/K+ ATPase, which transports three sodium ions out of the cell and two potassium ions into the cell for each ATP molecule hydrolyzed. This creates a concentration gradient that drives the passive transport of Na+ and K+ ions through other channels, contributing to the resting membrane potential.

Arsenite transporting ATPases are a type of membrane-bound enzyme complexes that use the energy from ATP hydrolysis to actively transport arsenic compounds across cell membranes. They are part of the P-type ATPase family and play a crucial role in detoxifying cells by removing arsenite (AsIII) ions, which are highly toxic even at low concentrations.

These enzymes consist of two main domains: a cytoplasmic domain responsible for ATP binding and hydrolysis, and a transmembrane domain that contains the ion transport pathway. The transport process involves several conformational changes in the protein structure, driven by ATP hydrolysis, which ultimately result in the movement of arsenite ions against their concentration gradient from the cytoplasm to the extracellular space or into organelles like vacuoles and endosomes.

In humans, there are two main isoforms of arsenite transporting ATPases: ACR3 (also known as ARS-A) and ACR2 (or ARS-B). Both isoforms have been identified in various tissues, including the liver, kidney, and intestine. Mutations in these genes can lead to impaired arsenic detoxification and increased susceptibility to arsenic toxicity.

Overall, arsenite transporting ATPases are essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis and protecting organisms from the harmful effects of environmental arsenic exposure.

Environmental pollutants are defined as any substances or energy (such as noise, heat, or light) that are present in the environment and can cause harm or discomfort to humans or other living organisms, or damage the natural ecosystems. These pollutants can come from a variety of sources, including industrial processes, transportation, agriculture, and household activities. They can be in the form of gases, liquids, solids, or radioactive materials, and can contaminate air, water, and soil. Examples include heavy metals, pesticides, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), particulate matter, and greenhouse gases.

It is important to note that the impact of environmental pollutants on human health and the environment can be acute (short-term) or chronic (long-term) and it depends on the type, concentration, duration and frequency of exposure. Some common effects of environmental pollutants include respiratory problems, cancer, neurological disorders, reproductive issues, and developmental delays in children.

It is important to monitor, control and reduce the emissions of these pollutants through regulations, technology advancements, and sustainable practices to protect human health and the environment.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "metallurgy" is not a term that has a medical definition. Metallurgy is a branch of materials science that deals with the properties, physical and chemical behavior, and production of metals. It involves studying the techniques and processes used to isolate, alloy, and fabricate various types of metal products. If you have any questions related to medicine or health, I'd be happy to try to help answer those for you!

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "mining" is not a term that has a widely accepted medical definition. It is most commonly associated with the extraction of minerals from the earth in the field of geology and mining engineering. If you have any questions related to health or medicine, I would be happy to try to help answer those for you!

Heavy metals are a group of elements with a specific gravity at least five times greater than that of water. They include metals such as mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), chromium (Cr), thallium (Tl), and lead (Pb). These metals are considered toxic when they accumulate in the body beyond certain levels, interfering with various biological processes and causing damage to cells, tissues, and organs.

Heavy metal exposure can occur through various sources, including occupational exposure, contaminated food, water, or air, and improper disposal of electronic waste. Chronic exposure to heavy metals has been linked to several health issues, such as neurological disorders, kidney damage, developmental problems, and cancer. Monitoring and controlling exposure to these elements is essential for maintaining good health and preventing potential adverse effects.

I apologize for any confusion, but "Chile" is not a medical term or concept. It is a country located in South America, known for its long and narrow geography, diverse landscapes, and rich cultural heritage. If you have any questions related to medicine or health, I would be happy to try and help answer those for you.

Carcinogens are agents that can cause cancer. According to the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), environmental carcinogens refer to "cancer-causing agents that people encounter in their daily lives, including substances or exposures in air, water, food, and in the workplace." These carcinogens can increase the risk of cancer by damaging DNA or interfering with cellular processes that control growth.

Examples of environmental carcinogens include:

* Air pollution: Certain pollutants in the air, such as diesel exhaust particles and secondhand smoke, have been linked to an increased risk of lung cancer.
* Radon: A naturally occurring radioactive gas that can accumulate in homes and other buildings, radon is the second leading cause of lung cancer in the United States.
* UV radiation: Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or tanning beds can lead to skin cancer.
* Certain chemicals: Some chemicals found in the workplace or in consumer products, such as asbestos, benzene, and vinyl chloride, have been linked to an increased risk of cancer.
* Infectious agents: Certain viruses, bacteria, and parasites can increase the risk of cancer. For example, human papillomavirus (HPV) is a major cause of cervical cancer, and hepatitis B and C viruses are leading causes of liver cancer.

It's important to note that exposure to environmental carcinogens does not guarantee that a person will develop cancer. The risk depends on many factors, including the level and duration of exposure, as well as individual susceptibility. However, reducing exposure to these agents can help reduce the overall risk of cancer.

Aquaglyceroporins are a subfamily of aquaporin water channels that also transport glycerol and other small solutes across biological membranes. They play important roles in various physiological processes, including osmoregulation, skin hydration, and fat metabolism. In humans, there are three known aquaglyceroporins: AQP3, AQP7, and AQP9.

Medically, hair is defined as a threadlike structure that grows from the follicles found in the skin of mammals. It is primarily made up of a protein called keratin and consists of three parts: the medulla (the innermost part or core), the cortex (middle layer containing keratin filaments) and the cuticle (outer layer of overlapping scales).

Hair growth occurs in cycles, with each cycle consisting of a growth phase (anagen), a transitional phase (catagen), and a resting phase (telogen). The length of hair is determined by the duration of the anagen phase.

While hair plays a crucial role in protecting the skin from external factors like UV radiation, temperature changes, and physical damage, it also serves as an essential aspect of human aesthetics and identity.

Methylation, in the context of genetics and epigenetics, refers to the addition of a methyl group (CH3) to a molecule, usually to the nitrogenous base of DNA or to the side chain of amino acids in proteins. In DNA methylation, this process typically occurs at the 5-carbon position of cytosine residues that precede guanine residues (CpG sites) and is catalyzed by enzymes called DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs).

DNA methylation plays a crucial role in regulating gene expression, genomic imprinting, X-chromosome inactivation, and suppression of repetitive elements. Hypermethylation or hypomethylation of specific genes can lead to altered gene expression patterns, which have been associated with various human diseases, including cancer.

In summary, methylation is a fundamental epigenetic modification that influences genomic stability, gene regulation, and cellular function by introducing methyl groups to DNA or proteins.

Bilateral hearing loss refers to a type of hearing loss that affects both ears equally or to varying degrees. It can be further categorized into two types: sensorineural and conductive hearing loss. Sensorineural hearing loss occurs due to damage to the inner ear or nerve pathways from the inner ear to the brain, while conductive hearing loss happens when sound waves are not properly transmitted through the outer ear canal to the eardrum and middle ear bones. Bilateral hearing loss can result in difficulty understanding speech, localizing sounds, and may impact communication and quality of life. The diagnosis and management of bilateral hearing loss typically involve a comprehensive audiological evaluation and medical assessment to determine the underlying cause and appropriate treatment options.

Iodine compounds refer to chemical substances that contain iodine, a halogen element, combined with other elements or radicals. Iodine is commonly found in organic compounds such as iodides, iodates, and iodines, which are widely used in various applications, including medicine, agriculture, and industry.

In the medical context, iodine compounds are often used for their antiseptic and disinfectant properties. For example, tincture of iodine is a solution of iodine and potassium iodide in ethanol or water that is commonly used as a topical antimicrobial agent to prevent infection in minor cuts, wounds, and burns.

Iodine compounds are also essential for the production of thyroid hormones, which regulate metabolism, growth, and development in the human body. Iodine deficiency can lead to thyroid disorders such as goiter and mental retardation in children. Therefore, iodine is often added to table salt and other foods as a dietary supplement to prevent iodine deficiency disorders.

Dermatologic agents are medications, chemicals, or other substances that are applied to the skin (dermis) for therapeutic or cosmetic purposes. They can be used to treat various skin conditions such as acne, eczema, psoriasis, fungal infections, and wounds. Dermatologic agents include topical corticosteroids, antibiotics, antifungals, retinoids, benzoyl peroxide, salicylic acid, and many others. They can come in various forms such as creams, ointments, gels, lotions, solutions, and patches. It is important to follow the instructions for use carefully to ensure safety and effectiveness.

Vanadium compounds refer to chemical substances that contain the metallic element vanadium (symbol V) combined with one or more other elements. Vanadium is a transition metal that can form various types of compounds, including salts, oxides, and organometallic complexes. These compounds have diverse chemical and physical properties and are used in various industrial applications, such as catalysts, batteries, and ceramics. In medicine, vanadium compounds have been studied for their potential insulin-mimetic effects and have been investigated as a possible treatment for diabetes, although their clinical use is not yet established.

Hearing loss is a partial or total inability to hear sounds in one or both ears. It can occur due to damage to the structures of the ear, including the outer ear, middle ear, inner ear, or nerve pathways that transmit sound to the brain. The degree of hearing loss can vary from mild (difficulty hearing soft sounds) to severe (inability to hear even loud sounds). Hearing loss can be temporary or permanent and may be caused by factors such as exposure to loud noises, genetics, aging, infections, trauma, or certain medical conditions. It is important to note that hearing loss can have significant impacts on a person's communication abilities, social interactions, and overall quality of life.

A hallucination is a perception in the absence of external stimuli. They are sensory experiences that feel real, but are generated from inside the mind rather than by external reality. Hallucinations can occur in any of the senses, causing individuals to hear sounds, see visions, or smell odors that aren't actually present. They can range from relatively simple experiences, such as seeing flashes of light, to complex experiences like seeing and interacting with people or objects that aren't there. Hallucinations are often associated with certain medical conditions, mental health disorders, or the use of certain substances.

... is a medical condition that occurs due to elevated levels of arsenic in the body. If arsenic poisoning occurs ... Arsenic poisoning is caused by incidental ingestion or inhalation of arsenic, typically from drinking contaminated well water, ... 2007 Peruvian meteorite event - a meteorite impact believed to have caused arsenic poisoning Arsenic contamination of ... who attempted to poison her husband by "putting arsenic in his coffee". In post-WW1 Hungary, arsenic extracted by boiling fly ...
Mass poisoning, Milk, Scandals in Japan, Arsenic poisoning incidents). ... The Morinaga Milk arsenic poisoning incident occurred in 1955 in Japan and is believed to have resulted in the deaths of over ... "The Morinaga Milk Arsenic Poisoning Incident: 50 Years On" (PDF). Volunteers in support of the complete implementation of a ... Since the poisoning multiple studies have been done on the people who survived the milk poisoning incident. Many have reported ...
... appear after an episode of poisoning with arsenic, thallium or other heavy metals or selenium, opioid MT-45, and ... "Chronic arsenic poisoning". Toxicol. Lett. 128 (1-3): 69-72. doi:10.1016/S0378-4274(01)00534-3. PMID 11869818. "Selenium: A ... Reynolds ES (1901). "An Account of the Epidemic Outbreak of Arsenical Poisoning occurring in Beer Drinkers in the North of ... Reprinted in Reynolds ES (1901). "An Account of the Epidemic Outbreak of Arsenical Poisoning occurring in Beer Drinkers in the ...
... was the second line treatment for arsenic poisoning, after dimercaprol (BAL). It is no longer recommended. In ... Peterson RG, Rumack BH (October 1977). "D-penicillamine therapy of acute arsenic poisoning". The Journal of Pediatrics. 91 (4 ... Hall AH (March 2002). "Chronic arsenic poisoning". Toxicology Letters. 128 (1-3): 69-72. doi:10.1016/S0378-4274(01)00534-3. ... and various heavy metal poisonings. It is taken by mouth. Penicillamine was approved for medical use in the United States in ...
"Arsenic poisoning" (PDF). Retrieved 22 December 2019. "HIV & AIDS in India". 21 July 2015. Retrieved 11 September 2015. ...
Arsenic poisoning Grainger challenge Toxic heavy metal Arsenic See: "Arsenic in drinking water seen as threat," USAToday.com, ... Contamination of drinking-water by arsenic in Bangladesh: a public health emergency - at SOS-Arsenic.net Subterranean Arsenic ... "Arsenic in ground water in six districts of West Bengal, India: the biggest arsenic calamity in the world. Part I. Arsenic ... Arsenic Toxicity Arsenic in groundwater IGRAC International Groundwater Resources Assessment Centre Arsenic in Groundwater: A ...
The Frenches were accused of poisoning Lake Jones with arsenic and intending to steal his money. The Ku Klux Klan lynched the ... Robinson immediately suspected arsenic poisoning. After three days of agony, Jones died on April 22, 1876. Judge-Executive ... Robinson confirmed his suspicion that Lake had died of arsenic poisoning, and he sent Jones' stomach "to Louisville for ... The newspaper reported that she was said to have murdered a former husband by the name of Boaz with arsenic poison too. The ...
Regular imbibers of illegally distilled alcohol may be exposed to arsenic or lead poisoning the source of which is arsenic- ... suffered from arsenic poisoning. Its source was traced to flaking arsenic-laden paint on the ceiling of her bedroom. She may ... Rat poison used in grain and mash stores may be another source of the arsenic. Lead is the most prevalent heavy metal ... Arsenic-contaminated beer poisoned over 6,000 people in the Manchester area of England in 1900, and is thought to have killed ...
Townsend died of arsenic poisoning. He had developed a formula used in taxidermy preparations and arsenic was the "secret" ...
He had died of arsenic poisoning. Murder or suicide? This puzzle, too, was never resolved. Was there a connection with Miss ... The post-mortem examination also showed that death was due to poisoning by prussic acid. The defence was that deceased ... action was a sequel to the trial of Miss Mount-Stephens before the High Court at Allahabad last March on a charge of poisoning ...
Some homeopathic preparations involve poisons such as Belladonna, arsenic, and poison ivy. In rare cases, the original ... Instances of arsenic poisoning have occurred. In 2009, the FDA advised consumers to stop using three discontinued cold remedy ... Examples include arsenicum album (arsenic oxide), natrum muriaticum (sodium chloride or table salt), Lachesis muta (the venom ... Chakraborti, D; Mukherjee, SC; Saha, KC; Chowdhury, UK; Rahman, MM; Sengupta, MK (2003). "Arsenic toxicity from homeopathic ...
Long-term exposure to inorganic arsenic... can lead to chronic arsenic poisoning. Skin lesions and skin cancer are the most ... "Lead Poisoning and Health". World Health Organization. Aug 2016. "Fact Sheet - Lead". 2015 World's Worst Pollution Problems. ... "Arsenic". World Health Organization. June 2016. (Articles with short description, Short description is different from Wikidata ... There are also industrial sources of arsenic, including mining and smelting. "People are exposed to elevated levels of ...
"Jane Austen 'died from arsenic poisoning'". The Guardian. 14 November 2011. Retrieved 18 June 2014. "John Keats - autumnal ...
Dyer, Peter (2009). "The 1900 arsenic poisoning epidemic" (PDF). Brewing History. 130: 65-85. Retrieved 31 January 2018. "Mild ... in which 6,000 people were poisoned by arsenic and 70 died. In January 1902, 86 percent of production was of mild ale. ... Boddingtons was one of the breweries implicated in the 1900 English beer poisoning epidemic, ...
The 1858 Bradford sweets poisoning was the arsenic poisoning of more than 200 people in Bradford, England, when sweets ... Arsenic, Food safety scandals, Disasters in Yorkshire, History of Bradford, Mass poisoning, Poisoning by drugs, medicaments and ... "The Poisonings By Arsenic at Bradford". The Times. No. 23144. London. 6 November 1858. p. 12. Bibliography Davis, Mark (2009). ... "The poisonings by arsenic at Bradford". Salisbury and Winchester Journal. Salisbury. 6 November 1858. p. 5. Retrieved 6 June ...
Glen Cinema Website Dyer, Peter (2009). "The 1900 arsenic poisoning epidemic" (PDF). Brewing History. 130: 65-66. Retrieved 31 ...
Bhattacharya, Shaoni (22 October 2003). "Homeopathy reduces arsenic poisoning in mice". New Scientist. Retrieved 21 October ... He has also done research on treating arsenic-induced diabetes in mice using a product consisting of insulin wrapped in a coat ... In 2003, he published a study which claimed that homeopathic Arsenicum album reduced arsenic-caused liver toxicity in mice. ... Das, Biplab (4 March 2013). "New antidote to diabetic arsenic victims". Nature Asia. doi:10.1038/nindia.2013.31. Retrieved 12 ...
He proved, using samples of Napoleon's hair, that the former emperor did not die from arsenic poisoning. Another project ... Highfield, Roger (11 February 2008). "Napoleon didn't die from arsenic poisoning". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 23 September ...
Natural arsenic poisoning is a global threat with 140 million people affected in 70 countries globally. These examples ... ISBN 978-1-55263-741-8. Bagla, Pallava (5 June 2003). "Arsenic-Laced Well Water Poisoning Bangladeshis". National Geographic ... Half of Bangladesh's 12 million tube wells contain unacceptable levels of arsenic due to the wells not dug deep enough (past ... Sixty million people are estimated to have been poisoned by well water contaminated by excessive fluoride, which dissolved from ...
It emitted arsenic-containing air, resulting in patients with chronic arsenic poisoning producing skin changes, skin cancers ... "Chronic arsenic poisoning, Cases around Toroku mine".(1973) Report 1 and Report 2. J Kumamoto Med Soc. 47,486-515,516-530. ... In addition to the skin and ENT findings, neuritis was added as a criterion of chronic arsenic poisoning. Bowen's disease, Lung ... Workers and inhabitants developed chronic arsenic poisoning, and five died in a family of seven in succession. In 1925, horses ...
Emsley J (2006). "Arsenic". The Elements of Murder: A History of Poison. Oxford University Press. pp. 93-197. ISBN 978-0-19- ... Arsenic trioxide can be generated via routine processing of arsenic compounds including the oxidation (combustion) of arsenic ... Being the main compound of arsenic, the trioxide is the precursor to elemental arsenic, arsenic alloys, and arsenide ... Case Studies in Environmental Medicine: Arsenic Toxicity "Arsenic and Arsenic Compounds". Summaries & Evaluations. ...
Aqua Tofana Arsenic and Old Lace Arsenic biochemistry Arsenic compounds Arsenic poisoning Arsenic toxicity Arsenic trioxide ... arsenic has been called the "poison of kings" and the "king of poisons".[need quotation to verify] Arsenic became known as "the ... arsenic trioxide), which he then reduces to gray arsenic. As the symptoms of arsenic poisoning are not very specific, the ... Arsenic and many of its compounds are especially potent poisons. Small amount of arsenic can be detected by pharmacopoial ...
"Arsenic poisons Sylhet water". The Independent. Dhaka. 11 September 1997. Archived from the original on 27 October 2004. ... contained more arsenic than the acceptable limit set by Bangladesh of 50 micrograms per liter, and 49.2% contained more arsenic ...
Large portions of China's aquifers suffer from arsenic contamination of groundwater. Arsenic poisoning occurs after long-term ... As a consequence, arsenic poisoning is rising. To date there have been more than 30,000 cases reported with about 25 million ... The Hubei Shuanghuan Science and Technology Stock Co poisoned at least 100 tonnes (220,000 lb) of fish in central Hubei ... As water demand grows, wells are being drilled deeper and now frequently tap into arsenic-rich aquifers. ...
This fully confirmed death by arsenic poisoning. An examination of the dead chickens on both sides (both Mordecai Simpson and ... They used the Reinsch test and Marsh test and arsenic was found. Dr Jones said he had no suspicion of this until that point. As ... On 17 November 1846 she made her husband suet dumplings laced with arsenic which he ate around 6pm. He felt ill immediately. He ... Three days before the murder she bought arsenic from Mr Ely the chemist in Sudbury. She had visited John's mother, Elizabeth ...
... and many of its compounds are toxic, and the effects of antimony poisoning are similar to arsenic poisoning. The ... Like arsenic, the most serious effect of acute antimony poisoning is cardiotoxicity and the resulted myocarditis, however it ... Effects may be similar to arsenic poisoning. Occupational exposure may cause respiratory irritation, pneumoconiosis, antimony ... The trichloride SbCl 3 is prepared by dissolving Sb 2S 3 in hydrochloric acid: Sb 2S 3 + 6 HCl → 2 SbCl 3 + 3 H 2S Arsenic ...
"Chapter - 3 The arsenic milk poisoning incident". archive.unu.edu. Archived from the original on 2017-08-08. Retrieved 2017-06- ... Dakeishi, Miwako; Murata, Katsuyuki; Grandjean, Philippe (2006). "Long-term consequences of arsenic poisoning during infancy ... "DOH: Bohol poisoning due to pesticide, not cyanide". Philstar.com. Archived from the original on April 7, 2023. Retrieved April ... About 6,644 cases of samonella poisoning have been reported and 5,295 have been confirmed in five states, most of them in ...
Hahn denied ever poisoning anyone with arsenic. Born: Bill Anderson, country musician and television personality, in Columbia, ... "Arsenic Killer's Appeal Will Be Decided Today". Chicago Daily Tribune. November 15, 1937. p. 9. "Joe Warfield". IMDb. Retrieved ... Arsenic Anna' is Sentenced to Die; Collapses". Chicago Daily Tribune. November 28, 1937. p. 13. Murfin, Patrick (2016-11-27). " ...
"Yahoo! Sports: Phar Lap died of arsenic poisoning". Sports.yahoo.com. Archived from the original on 27 June 2008. Retrieved 6 ... Sydney veterinarian Percy Sykes believes deliberate poisoning did not cause the death. He said "In those days, arsenic was ... Kempson I, Henry D (2010). "Synchrotron Radiation Reveals Arsenic Poisoning and Metabolism in Hair: The Case of Phar Lap". ... "Catalyst (2008 report on arsenic death of Phar Lap)". ABC News Online. 19 June 2008. "Phar Lap arsenic claims premature: expert ...
... he died of arsenic poisoning. Before he died, Wythe accused his nephew of murder and changed his will to exclude him. Wythe's ... The jail warden testified that Sweeney had not been searched upon arrest, and that later a packet with arsenic was found in the ... A shopkeeper later attested that he sold Sweeney arsenic, and Broadnax said she saw him put something in the coffeepot in the ... where he found a container of arsenic. Wythe changed his will on June 1, to disinherit Sweeney. Because hearsay evidence was ...
Arsenic poisoning is a medical condition that occurs due to elevated levels of arsenic in the body. If arsenic poisoning occurs ... Arsenic poisoning is caused by incidental ingestion or inhalation of arsenic, typically from drinking contaminated well water, ... 2007 Peruvian meteorite event - a meteorite impact believed to have caused arsenic poisoning Arsenic contamination of ... who attempted to poison her husband by "putting arsenic in his coffee". In post-WW1 Hungary, arsenic extracted by boiling fly ...
Multiple organ failure with the adult respiratory distress syndrome in homicidal arsenic poisoning. Respiration 1992;59:57-61. ... Fulminant malignant arrhythmia and multiorgan failure in acute arsenic poisoning. Chest 1995;108:1774-5. ... Biologic: A case in which elevated urinary arsenic levels (,50 µg/L for a spot or ,50 µg total for a 24-hour urine) exist, as ... Chapter 88: Arsenic. In: Nelson LS, Lewin NA, Howland MA, Hoffman RS, Goldfrank LR, Flomenbaum NE, eds. Goldfranks Toxicologic ...
A chemical industry illegally dumped the poison in Xinqiang River. There are no reports of victims yet. Since November, the ... Hunan: arsenic in river poisons water for 80,000 people. A chemical industry illegally dumped the poison in Xinqiang River. ... Arsenide poisoning can cause nausea, vomiting, stomach pains and convulsions. It can also lead to coma and death. ... Yueyang (AsiaNews/SCMP) A chemical plant has discharged arsenide into a river in Hunan, poisoning the drinking water of more ...
Nervous System, Organic Arsenic Poisoning*Nervous System, Organic Arsenic Poisoning. *Organic Arsenic Poisoning, Nervous System ... "Arsenic Poisoning" by people in Harvard Catalyst Profiles by year, and whether "Arsenic Poisoning" was a major or minor topic ... "Arsenic Poisoning" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicines controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject ... Height and blood chemistry in adults with a history of developmental arsenic poisoning from contaminated milk powder. Environ ...
... author Jane Austen was poisoned with arsenic is being debated by experts. ... "There are many other more likely causes of cataracts than arsenic poisoning," she said. "Although some recent studies from Asia ... Yet in her blog post, Tuppen referenced crime writer Lindsay Ashfords suggestion that Austen died of arsenic poisoning and ... Legendary author Jane Austen was poisoned with arsenic, proposed Sandra Tuppen, lead curator of Modern Archives & Manuscripts ...
Multiple organ failure with the adult respiratory distress syndrome in homicidal arsenic poisoning. Respiration 1992;59:57-61. ... Fulminant malignant arrhythmia and multiorgan failure in acute arsenic poisoning. Chest 1995;108:1774-5. ... Biologic: A case in which elevated urinary arsenic levels (,50 µg/L for a spot or ,50 µg total for a 24-hour urine) exist, as ... Chapter 88: Arsenic. In: Nelson LS, Lewin NA, Howland MA, Hoffman RS, Goldfrank LR, Flomenbaum NE, eds. Goldfranks Toxicologic ...
... introducing the third generation of Poisons Arsenic line of cues. Designed and developed with a nod to the cues that reigned ... About Poison Arsenic Cues. The perfect synthesis between nostalgia and new technology, introducing the third generation of ... Poisons Arsenic line of cues. Designed and developed with a nod to the cues that reigned more than 50 years ago, and ... constructed of the premium materials and technology needed to take your game far into the future, each Arsenic cue arrives ...
Read Breaking News, opinion, analysis on arsenic poison updated and published at Down To Earth. ...
Its quite another to learn that theres arsenic in your babys formula or your toddlers cereal. ... Its one thing to learn that theres arsenic in rice. ... Poison Rice? 6 Steps to Limit Arsenic Exposure. June 11, 2013 / ... Its one thing to learn that theres arsenic in rice. Its quite another to learn that theres arsenic in your babys formula ... arsenicbabycerealfeedingfoodformularice. By Rachel Sarnoff 6 Comments. You May Also Like. Vegan Shamrock Shake Recipe!. March ...
... climate change worsens arsenic poisoning. Climate change is worsening the decades-long problem of arsenic poisoning in ... Doctors have told him it is a result of arsenic poisoning and may turn cancerous. "I have lost eight relatives to arsenic ... Kinubala Bagh (left) lost her husband to arsenic poisoning in 1994. Since then, she has had no means to support herself, and ... As a doctor practising in Nadia, Debdas Chatterjee has been treating victims of arsenic poisoning for the last two decades. ...
The tests showed that the captain died of arsenic poisoning. Later, Loomis, who was Halls biographer, wrote Weird and Tragic ... The question is whether Hall poisoned himself with arsenic using it as medicine or if it was given to him intentionally by ... Murder mystery: Captain Charles Francis Hall died of arsenic poisoning on way to North Pole. ... arsenic couldnt prove that Hall was murdered because back then the poison was also used as medicine. ...
Arsenic poisoning. Leave a Comment / 1st Aid Training / By M. Zilman Arsenic poisoning is a severe and potentially life- ... The symptoms of arsenic poisoning depend on the type and concentration of arsenic. Generally, the main cause of arsenic ... threatening form of poisoning caused by arsenic, a metalloid that is very toxic to most biological systems. ... poisoning is the consumption of large amounts of arsenic. If an individual … ...
Tag: Arsenic Poisoning. A novel algae strategy for arsenic poisoning. Feb 28, 2016 , Algae Secrets ... An algae strategy for fighting arsenic poisoning. Mar 20, 2016 , Algae Secrets ... A novel algae strategy for arsenic poisoning. Feb 28, 2016 , Algae Secrets ... Arsenic is a stealth killer ingested in polluted air and groundwater and poses… ...
Possibility of arsenic poisoning. Two of us (FM and EB) have recently readvanced the hypothesis of arsenic poisoning,1 on the ... Arsenic concentration in hair has been used as an indicator of arsenic poisoning. According to Hindmarsh, arsenic ... Arsenic concentrations. The table⇓ shows the arsenic content of the samples analysed. To estimate the arsenic concentrations in ... White arsenic (arsenic trioxide), also known as arsenious acid or commercial arsenic, was certainly the best known and most ...
Arsenic Poison Remedy By Science News * Poison Gas Research Points to New Remedies ...
12 Symptoms Of Arsenic Poisoning You Should Know. Arsenic poisoning occurs when the arsenic levels in the body increase. Some ... Inorganic arsenic is the one people should be wary of since toxic levels in humans lead to arsenic poisoning. According to ... Nausea is one of the first symptoms of arsenic poisoning. However, the issue of poisoning can lead to further complications, ... Food poisoning can also cause nausea, possibly due to bacteria, from the soil and water. Arsenic comes from mineral deposits on ...
Arsenic is a carcinogen that is gray, silver, or ... after ingesting or inhaling large concentrations of arsenic. ... Extreme poisoning cases might be fatal.. Causes of arsenic poisoning. Arsenic poisoning is most often caused by contaminated ... Arsenic poisoning treatment. Treatment for arsenic poisoning doesnt have a set standard. Eliminating exposure to arsenic is ... The prognosis for arsenic poisoning. While short-term arsenic poisoning might result in unpleasant symptoms, the prognosis is ...
Arsenic: detecting invisible poisons. Why is arsenic so deadly, and how can we detect it? ...
Arsenic poisoning. West J Med 149:308-315.. Guha Mazumder DN. 2003. Chronic arsenic toxicity: clinical features, epidemiology, ... Skin manifestations in acute arsenic poisoning from the Wakayama curry-poisoning incident. British Journal of Dermatology 149 ( ... Outbreak of fatal arsenic poisoning caused by contaminated drinking water. Arch Environ Health 39:276-9. ... Chronic arsenic poisoning masquerading as pernicious anemia. West J Med 139(2):219-220. ...
Home Remedies and natural treatments are the best alternative therapies which does not have much side effects, and helps to lead a healthy and happy life.
Veteran Los Angeles coroner forensic technican Michael Cormier had died, apparently due to arsenic poisoning. The 61 year old ... Trail of Death: Breitbart Coroner Turns Up Dead, Arsenic Poisoning Suspected. May 25, 2012 , Events & Assassinations ... arsenic poisoning in the case. This report was later picked up and reported in an LA Times Local blog:. "The sources, who ... spoke on the condition of anonymity, said that finding the presence of poison does not necessarily mean the death was a ...
Does that mean that youre in danger from poison books? Well, yes, if you inherit a Victorian library from your great Aunt Mary ... Arsenic? Really? Thats too easy, Potenza, because Arsenic (As) is the KING of poisons (1). First, its a metallic element, ... Category: Periodic Table of DeathTag: Arsenic, Periodic table of Death, Poison Books ... is made from arsenic trisulfide; realgar, a brilliant red-orange pigment (5), is made from arsenic disulfide; and emerald green ...
... including arsenic pentoxide, naturally exist at low concentrations in the environment and the body. ... In the event of a poison emergency, call the poison center immediately at 1-800-222-1222. If the person who is poisoned cannot ... Food: Arsenic pentoxide can be used to contaminate food.. *Outdoor Air: Arsenic pentoxide can be released into outdoor air as ... Arsenic pentoxide can be absorbed through broken skin. Eye exposure to arsenic pentoxide can cause irritation, but it is not ...
Open details for Eric Sorge: Leveraging synthetic biology to clean arsenic-poisoned water ... the rising Brown University senior spent his summer helping to develop a sustainable alternative to arsenic detection and ...
The atomic number of arsenic, an element, is 33, and its atomic weight is 74.91. ... The source of the arsenic poisoning should be investigated. People with chronic poisoning by well water often are reassured ... Franzblau A, Lilis R. Acute arsenic intoxication from environmental arsenic exposure. Arch Environ Health. 1989 Nov-Dec. 44(6): ... encoded search term (Neurological Manifestations of Arsenic Intoxication) and Neurological Manifestations of Arsenic ...
Arsenic poisoning of Bangladesh groundwater. Nature 395, 338 (1998).. Article CAS Google Scholar ... and arsenic37 suggest the possibility of analogous point-of-use tests38 for all of these analytes. The accuracy, simplicity, ...
Arsenic poisoning is caused by the ingestion, absorption, or inhalation of dangerous amounts of arsenic, a natural semi- ... What to know about scombroid poisoning. Scombroid poisoning is food poisoning caused by eating fish species that contain high ...
When poisoning the head, with skin inside out, one step in preparation for mounting is to be taken. After the arsenic-water is ... Poison with dry arsenic. Wire tail same as in mounting. Wrap leg bones with cotton, tow, or excelsior according to size of ... Poison all inner surfaces of the cleaned skin with arsenic water brushed in well. Fold face, wrong side out, back upon neck. ... Poison well with arsenic water and let stand over one night, covered with a damp cloth. ...
Genetic polymorphisms in arsenic-metabolizing enzymes may be involved in the biotransformation of inorganic arsenic and may ... Arsenic-metabolism-related genes can regulate the arsenic methylation process and may influence susceptibility to cancer. We ... Polymorphisms in arsenic metabolism genes, urinary arsenic methylation profile and cancer.. Cancer Causes Control. 2009; 20(9): ... BACKGROUND: Arsenic exposure is an important public health issue worldwide. Dose-response relationship between arsenic exposure ...
  • The toxicity of arsenic has been described as far back as 1500 BC in the Ebers papyrus. (wikipedia.org)
  • Raindrop Pigmentation in Chronic Arsenic Toxicity. (harvard.edu)
  • Mechanisms of action for arsenic in cardiovascular toxicity and implications for risk assessment. (harvard.edu)
  • Arsenic toxicity from homeopathic treatment. (cdc.gov)
  • Second, it's inorganic, so unlike organic poisons, its toxicity doesn't diminish with time because it doesn't break down as easily. (carolpotenza.com)
  • Eye exposure to arsenic pentoxide can cause irritation, but it is not associated with systemic toxicity. (cdc.gov)
  • The keratotic skin lesions of arsenic toxicity are considered premalignant and must be monitored. (medscape.com)
  • The treatment of acute toxicity from arsenic consists primarily of maintaining hydration and electrolyte balance. (medscape.com)
  • Provides an Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLHs) document that includes acute toxicity data for arsenic. (osha.gov)
  • note that chelation with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) may aggravate renal toxicity in acute cadmium poisoning but has been used successfully in cases of chronic cadmium exposure. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Eliminating exposure to arsenic is the most effective treatment for the illness. (treatnheal.com)
  • Alternative treatments to lessen the consequences of exposure to arsenic include vitamin E and selenium supplementation. (treatnheal.com)
  • The most severe issues usually result from prolonged exposure to arsenic. (treatnheal.com)
  • Long-term exposure to arsenic can result in darker skin, thickening of the skin, numbness, cancer, and heart disease. (optinghealth.com)
  • Therefore, long-term exposure to arsenic is often due to drinking water contaminated with arsenic. (optinghealth.com)
  • Acute encephalopathy due to occupational exposure to arsenic. (cdc.gov)
  • Exposure to arsenic and respiratory cancer. (medscape.com)
  • Although some recent studies from Asia have shown a loose association of chronic arsenic poisoning in water with cataract formation, the studies only show association, not causation. (wkbw.com)
  • 2002. Pathology related to chronic arsenic exposure. (cdc.gov)
  • This led to the theory that chronic arsenic poisoning contributed to Napoleon's death. (colorwithleo.com)
  • The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates over 200 million people worldwide are exposed to arsenic concentrations in drinking water that exceed the guideline limit of 10 µg/L. This threshold may also be expressed as 10 parts per billion (ppb). (algaeinnovationsmedia.com)
  • A condition known as arsenicosis develops after ingesting or inhaling large concentrations of arsenic. (treatnheal.com)
  • 2002. Family Correlations of Arsenic Methylation Patterns in Children and Parents Exposed to High Concentrations of Arsenic in Drinking Water. (cdc.gov)
  • Arsenics, including arsenic pentoxide, naturally exist at low concentrations in the environment and the body. (cdc.gov)
  • a study this week in The Lancet medical journal found high concentrations of arsenic in the king's hair and contends the severity and duration of his episodes of illness may have been caused by the toxic substance. (freerepublic.com)
  • The greatest threat to public health from arsenic comes from drinking water, typically through consumption over long periods of water containing low concentrations of inorganic arsenic. (who.int)
  • Arsenic enters aquifers through the dissolution of minerals and ores, resulting in high concentrations in groundwater in some areas. (who.int)
  • Drinking-water from surface sources does not normally contain high concentrations of arsenic, unless those supplies come from arsenic-contaminated irrigation groundwater. (who.int)
  • The problems caused by arsenic contamination in drinking water are not only medical, but socio-economic as well. (thethirdpole.net)
  • Evaluation of the Japanese children exposed in 1955 found a 10-fold incidence of mental retardation in babies exposed to arsenic contamination of powdered milk. (medscape.com)
  • Cancer cluster in Chile linked to arsenic contamination. (medscape.com)
  • My research interest is in the field of drinking water contamination from groundwater sources in different parts of the world, especially focusing on geogenic contaminants - arsenic and fluoride. (kth.se)
  • The unavailability of a test that is simple, applicable in the field and low cost continues to be a significant limit to better understanding of the extent and severity of arsenic contamination of drinking-water and the development of the potential of community-based water- quality testing. (who.int)
  • Ron Phibun district in southern Thailand has been known as an endemic area for arsenic contamination. (who.int)
  • In general, parents can reduce arsenic exposure by making sure the water their families drink (and what they mix with powdered formula) is arsenic-free. (mommygreenest.com)
  • Atherogenicity and carcinogenicity of high-arsenic artesian well water. (medscape.com)
  • Estimating the High-Arsenic Domestic-Well Population in the Conterminous United States. (medscape.com)
  • Samples of the wallpaper taken from the residence decades later were found to contain high arsenic levels. (colorwithleo.com)
  • Multivariate analysis shows that independent factors of the household predicting safe water use are: high arsenic area, near main road and having piped water installed. (who.int)
  • Ingesting large amounts of arsenic can cause symptoms similar to food poisoning, with abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea starting within hours. (wikipedia.org)
  • Generally, the main cause of arsenic poisoning is the consumption of large amounts of arsenic. (1staid.ca)
  • Regulation of birthweight by placenta-derived miRNAs: evidence from an arsenic-exposed birth cohort in Bangladesh. (harvard.edu)
  • A distinct and replicable variant of the squamous cell carcinoma gene inositol polyphosphate-5-phosphatase modifies the susceptibility of arsenic-associated skin lesions in Bangladesh. (harvard.edu)
  • In many parts of eastern India, Bangladesh and southern Pakistan, overuse of groundwater first brought the level of arsenic above the safe limit of 0.05 milligrams per litre of drinking water, as prescribed by the World Health Organisation. (thethirdpole.net)
  • A sad record in relationship to arsenic has been set in Bangladesh. (my-lab.com)
  • According to experts, arsenic poisoning is prevalent in West Bengal and Bangladesh due to contaminated groundwater. (optinghealth.com)
  • Arsenic in cooked rice in Bangladesh. (medscape.com)
  • Arsenic exposure from drinking water, and all-cause and chronic-disease mortalities in Bangladesh (HEALS): a prospective cohort study. (medscape.com)
  • I have coordinated the prestigious Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency supported action research and implementation project "Sustainable Arsenic Mitigation-SASMIT" Community driven initiatives to target arsenic safe groundwater as sustainable mitigation strategy in Bangladesh* (2007-2017). (kth.se)
  • The mass poisoning in Bangladesh was a result of. (stanford.edu)
  • In 1983, the first cases of arsenic-induced skin lesions in India were identified in patients from West Bengal, but by 1987 several cases had been identified in patients from neighbouring Bangladesh. (who.int)
  • Chronic ingestion of lower levels of arsenic causes visible changes in the skin, typically hyperpigmentation (dark areas), but sometimes hypopigmentation (light areas) or an alternating areas of each. (wikipedia.org)
  • Arsenic poisoning is caused by incidental ingestion or inhalation of arsenic, typically from drinking contaminated well water, eating food cooked in contaminated water, or being exposed to arsenic-containing pesticides, folk medicines, or industrial chemicals. (wikipedia.org)
  • Acute ingestion of toxic amounts of inorganic arsenic typically causes severe gastrointestinal signs and symptoms (e.g., vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea). (cdc.gov)
  • Arsenic pentoxide is readily absorbed into the body via ingestion, inhalation, and through mucosal membranes. (cdc.gov)
  • Bates MN, Smith AH, Hopenhayn-Rich C. Arsenic ingestion and internal cancers: a review. (medscape.com)
  • Arsenic exposure in the workplace occurs through inhalation, ingestion, dermal or eye contact. (osha.gov)
  • Factors that severely limit the ability to determine the extent of the consequences of drinking arsenic-contaminated water include the delayed onset of illness, a lack until recently of common definitions, limited local awareness and poor reporting. (who.int)
  • Inorganic arsenic is the one people should be wary of since toxic levels in humans lead to arsenic poisoning. (optinghealth.com)
  • Chronic alcohol consumption can also lead to arsenic absorption. (colorwithleo.com)
  • Speciation is required in all cases where total urine arsenic is elevated to differentiate the amount of organic and inorganic arsenic. (cdc.gov)
  • Although arsenic is lethal to humans, the amount of organic (naturally occurring) arsenic that people get from drinking water and foods is minimal and expelled through urine and excrement. (optinghealth.com)
  • Disorders associated with acute or chronic exposure to compounds containing ARSENIC (ARSENICALS) which may be fatal. (harvard.edu)
  • She goes deep into the chemistry of the poisons and explains very little other than the more complicated compounds and chemicals. (booklikes.com)
  • 1 See for example, Gomez-Caminero A. Arsenic and arsenic compounds . (who.int)
  • If Napoleon had been deliberately poisoned, the arsenic dosage likely would have been rapidly increased to cause death quicker. (colorwithleo.com)
  • 2007. Toxicological profile for arsenic. (cdc.gov)
  • Individual susceptibility to arsenic poisoning also differs significantly, depending on age, nutritional status, social conditions and other poorly understood factors. (who.int)
  • If arsenic poisoning occurs over a brief period of time, symptoms may include vomiting, abdominal pain, encephalopathy, and watery diarrhea that contains blood. (wikipedia.org)
  • The symptoms of arsenic poisoning depend on the type and concentration of arsenic. (1staid.ca)
  • Arsenic poisoning might result in more severe symptoms if it is prolonged. (treatnheal.com)
  • While short-term arsenic poisoning might result in unpleasant symptoms, the prognosis is still favorable. (treatnheal.com)
  • Some early poisoning symptoms are watery diarrhea, abdominal pain, and vomiting. (optinghealth.com)
  • Learn the various symptoms of arsenic poisoning and when to see a doctor if unexplained medical conditions occur. (optinghealth.com)
  • Nausea is one of the first symptoms of arsenic poisoning. (optinghealth.com)
  • However, the issue of poisoning can lead to further complications, which may be more severe than the initial symptoms that show internally. (optinghealth.com)
  • Treatment Lead poisoning often causes minimal symptoms at first but can cause acute encephalopathy or irreversible organ damage, commonly resulting in cognitive deficits in children. (msdmanuals.com)
  • 11/17/2016 - As universities across the country hold cry-ins, counseling sessions, and post-election therapy events for narcissistic, cry-baby college students, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has quietly approved Monsanto's new drift-prone herbicide, which will further poison, emasculate, and weaken the. (naturalnews.com)
  • How did the government's mandated "safe" level of arsenic in drinking water shrink overnight from 50 to 10 parts per billion? (purewatergazette.net)
  • The only truly safe level of arsenic in water is zero. (purewatergazette.net)
  • The water from the hand-pumps contained high level of arsenic. (indiatimes.com)
  • The FDA has not yet set a limit for arsenic in food. (mommygreenest.com)
  • The initial limit for arsenic was set at 50 ppb simply because test labs before 1975 weren't able to detect arsenic at levels below 50 ppb. (purewatergazette.net)
  • 1987. Acute arsenic intoxication presenting as Guillain BarrĂ© like syndrome. (cdc.gov)
  • Franzblau A, Lilis R. Acute arsenic intoxication from environmental arsenic exposure. (medscape.com)
  • Inhaling arsine gas - the most toxic form of arsenic - causes a multisystem disease starting 2 to 24 hours after inhalation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Arsenic poisoning is a severe and potentially life-threatening form of poisoning caused by arsenic, a metalloid that is very toxic to most biological systems. (1staid.ca)
  • Arsenic poisoning is most often caused by contaminated groundwater. (treatnheal.com)
  • Outbreak of fatal arsenic poisoning caused by contaminated drinking water. (cdc.gov)
  • Pots and jars of skin creams also could contain arsenic. (wkbw.com)
  • For example, unsafe drinking water may contain arsenic, and long-term exposure can lead to poisoning. (optinghealth.com)
  • The World Health Organization considers arsenic levels above 10 parts per billion (10 micrograms per liter) to be unsafe. (wikipedia.org)
  • The element occurs naturally in the soil and groundwater in that region and has been responsible for what the World Health Organization calls "the largest poisoning of a population in history. (stanford.edu)
  • Careful surveillance of patients exposed to occupational arsenic on a regular, long-term basis should include screening for cancers of the lung, liver, GI tract, kidney, and hematopoietic system. (medscape.com)
  • Jensen GE, Hansen ML. "Occupational arsenic exposure and glycosylated haemoglobin. (osha.gov)
  • Synergism between occupational arsenic exposure and smoking in the induction of lung cancer. (osha.gov)
  • Used as chelator for other heavy metals and stocked as essential item in emergency departments and poison control centers. (medscape.com)
  • After all, some 19th-century English water supplies and medicines, which Austen might have taken, were contaminated with -- cue the dramatic music -- arsenic. (wkbw.com)
  • Not only that, but a 19th century librarian in Denmark conserved ancient manuscripts containing illuminated maps by coating the untainted bindings with emerald green arsenic -based paint to stop books from being destroyed from pests like mice and bookworms ( 7 ). (carolpotenza.com)
  • Arsenic was used as a poison during the 19th century, and Napoleon could have received repeated doses that eventually caused his health to fail on St. Helena. (colorwithleo.com)
  • I am Professor of Groundwater Chemistry and Coordinator of the KTH-International Groundwater Arsenic Research Group at the Department of Sustainable Development, Environmental Science and Engineering at KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden holds a PhD in Sedimentary Geochemistry from University of Delhi, India (1990). (kth.se)
  • 1989. Biochemical toxicology of arsenic. (cdc.gov)
  • 1995. Increased prevalence of hypertension and long-term arsenic exposure. (cdc.gov)
  • Arsenide poisoning can cause nausea, vomiting, stomach pains and convulsions. (asianews.it)
  • Food poisoning can also cause nausea, possibly due to bacteria, from the soil and water. (optinghealth.com)
  • Unless it is mixed with a solvent to enhance absorption, arsenic pentoxide is minimally absorbed through intact skin. (cdc.gov)
  • Exposure to inorganic arsenic through the food chain is limited, although absorption by crops irrigated with water highly contaminated with arsenic warrants further research. (who.int)
  • Absorption of arsenic through the skin is minimal and thus, for example, washing hands or clothes and bathing in water containing arsenic or working in paddy fields with arsenic-contaminated waters do not pose risks to human health. (who.int)
  • Arsenic is a ubiquitous naturally occurring chemical element, and the 20th most common element on Earth. (wikipedia.org)
  • For example, median levels in Nevada were about 8 μg/L but levels of naturally occurring arsenic as high as 1000 μg/L have been measured in the United States in drinking water. (wikipedia.org)
  • arsenic is a chemical element, a naturally occurring substance that's found in our air, water and soil. (mommygreenest.com)
  • Arsenic is also a chemical element that occurs naturally in rocks and soils all over the world. (popsci.com)
  • Wear a mask and bring your water from home to prevent unintentional arsenic inhalation. (treatnheal.com)
  • About 1 in 100 people who drink water containing more than 0.05 mg/l of arsenic for a long period may eventually die from arsenic-related cancers. (who.int)
  • A case in which a potentially exposed person is being evaluated by health-care workers or public health officials for poisoning by a particular chemical agent, but no specific credible threat exists. (cdc.gov)
  • A chemical industry illegally dumped the poison in Xinqiang River. (asianews.it)
  • Yueyang (AsiaNews/SCMP) A chemical plant has discharged arsenide into a river in Hunan, poisoning the drinking water of more than 80,000 people. (asianews.it)
  • The Healthy People 2000 objective tracked State data collection for 9 diseases including lead poisoning, mercury poisoning, arsenic poisoning, cadmium poisoning, methemoglobinemia, acute chemical poisoning, carbon monoxide poisoning, heatstroke, and hypothermia. (cdc.gov)
  • Comparison of the urinary excretion of arsenic metabolites after a single dose of sodium arsenite, monomethylarsonate or dimethylarsinate in man. (cdc.gov)
  • 2008. Levels of urinary total and speciated arsenic in the US population: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003-2004. (cdc.gov)
  • Data are given regarding the proposed standard for threshold limit values of arsenic-trioxide in the air and results of sampling yielded by attempts to correlate urinary arsenic with airborne arsenic. (cdc.gov)
  • Poison Rice? (mommygreenest.com)
  • It's one thing to learn that there's arsenic in rice. (mommygreenest.com)
  • The magazine analyzed federal data and found that those populations which consume rice regularly-such as Asians and Latinos-have arsenic levels that are 44 percent higher than other groups. (mommygreenest.com)
  • They also found that rice produced in the Southern states retain higher levels of arsenic than that which is produced in California or Asia. (mommygreenest.com)
  • Finally, a petition started by awesome eco-blogger Anna Hackman asks the FDA and the EU to institute strict guidelines regarding arsenic in rice . (mommygreenest.com)
  • here is the direct link http://www.change.org/petitions/tell-the-fda-and-eu-set-arsenic-limits-for-rice-protect-our-kids . (mommygreenest.com)
  • Arsenic enters our food through water or soil containing it, and in the case of rice, accumulated. (my-lab.com)
  • Rice waffles have repeatedly been found to contain high levels of arsenic. (my-lab.com)
  • Ă–kotest recently found arsenic residues in rice waffles. (my-lab.com)
  • Rice, for instance, is often a source of unwanted arsenic. (purewatergazette.net)
  • The awarded paper originates from the Sustainable Arsenic Mitigation (SASMIT) project. (kth.se)
  • Mitigation strategies should therefore focus primarily on reducing consumption of arsenic-rich drinking-water. (who.int)
  • Arsenic poisoning (arsenicosis) manifests itself typically over a period of 5 to 20 years. (who.int)
  • Healthcare providers diagnose the incidence of poisoning by testing the hair, blood, or urine. (optinghealth.com)
  • Heinrich-Ramm R, Mindt-Prufert S, Szadkowski D. Arsenic species excretion in a group of persons in northern Germany-- contribution to the evaluation of reference values. (medscape.com)
  • Arrighi HM, Hertz-Picciotto I. "Controlling the healthy worker survivor effect, an example of arsenic exposure and respiratory cancer. (osha.gov)
  • Arsenic pentoxide is used as a solid or as a solution in the manufacturing of arsenates, weed killer, metal adhesives, insecticides, fungicides, wood preservatives, and colored gases and in printing and dyeing. (cdc.gov)
  • Arsenic poisoning is a medical condition that occurs due to elevated levels of arsenic in the body. (wikipedia.org)
  • The most common arsenic-induced skin cancer is squamous cell carcinoma in situ which typically occurs 2 to 20 years after arsenic exposure. (wikipedia.org)
  • Arsenic poisoning occurs when the arsenic levels in the body increase. (optinghealth.com)
  • 1976. Arsenic and non-cirrhotic portal hypertension. (cdc.gov)
  • The mysterious death of Francesco I de' Medici and Bianca Cappello: an arsenic murder? (bmj.com)
  • indeed, she employed it more than any other murder method, with the poison itself often being a central part of the novel. (booklikes.com)
  • This is particularly true in Victorian era Britain where the population became fascinated with poison as a means for murder. (bartleby.com)
  • This essay hopes to explore the progression of murder through poison in Victorian society from its humble beginnings in the home as a common household product to a tool of deliberate murder and the subsequent fear it instilled that inspired legal reform that exists today. (bartleby.com)
  • Secondly, I will explore the professionalization of poisoning and growing fear of murder that became prevalent in the 1840s. (bartleby.com)
  • A cross sectional study of anemia and iron deficiency as risk factors for arsenic-induced skin lesions in Bangladeshi women. (harvard.edu)
  • She knows about the effect of arsenic in drinking water - stomach diseases, skin diseases, fever, reduced immunity and even cancer. (thethirdpole.net)
  • Anyone who regularly comes in contact with arsenic can damage their skin and their blood corpuscles. (my-lab.com)
  • Arsenic pentoxide can be absorbed through broken skin. (cdc.gov)
  • OSHA requires periodic chest x-rays and regular skin examinations in workers exposed to arsenic in a work setting. (medscape.com)
  • This precaution will keep the arsenic from entering your skin. (gutenberg.org)
  • Most cases of poisoning are accidental. (wikipedia.org)
  • Based on her health, Barnard hypothesized, a more likely cause of cataracts would be accidental poisoning. (wkbw.com)