Xylazine
Promazine
Methotrimeprazine
A phenothiazine with pharmacological activity similar to that of both CHLORPROMAZINE and PROMETHAZINE. It has the histamine-antagonist properties of the antihistamines together with CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM effects resembling those of chlorpromazine. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p604)
Veterinary Drugs
Drugs used by veterinarians in the treatment of animal diseases. The veterinarian's pharmacological armamentarium is the counterpart of drugs treating human diseases, with dosage and administration adjusted to the size, weight, disease, and idiosyncrasies of the species. In the United States most drugs are subject to federal regulations with special reference to the safety of drugs and residues in edible animal products.
Butorphanol
Preanesthetic Medication
Anesthetics, Combined
A previously unidentified acepromazine metabolite in humans: implications for the measurement of acepromazine in blood. (1/45)
High-performance liquid chromatography-diode-array detection results obtained during the investigation of two cases involving acepromazine prompted us to study the stability of the drug in blood. It was found that acepromazine can undergo in vitro conversion by human red blood cells to 2-(1-hydroxyethyl)promazine, a product that has been reported as a minor urinary metabolite in horse urine but not previously identified in humans. Further, our analytical findings in the two cases examined suggest that 2-(1-hydroxyethyl)promazine may be the major unconjugated metabolite of acepromazine in humans. These findings have important implications for the analytical toxicology of acepromazine. (+info)The effect of opioid and acepromazine premedication on the anesthetic induction dose of propofol in cats. (2/45)
The median effective dosage (ED50) for induction of anesthesia with propofol was determined by using the up-and-down method in 31 unpremedicated cats, in 30 cats premedicated with butorphanol, 0.4 mg/kg body weight (BW), and acepromazine, 0.1 mg/kg BW, intramuscularly, and in 30 cats premedicated with morphine, 0.2 mg/kg BW, and acepromazine, 0.1 mg/kg BW, intramuscularly. The dose required for a satisfactory anesthetic induction in 50% of unpremedicated cats (ED50) was 7.22 mg/kg BW and of premedicated cats was 5.00 mg/kg BW. The reduction in dose was statistically significant in both premedicated groups compared with no premedication. There was no significant difference in ED50 between premedication regimes. Cyanosis was the most common adverse effect observed in all groups following anesthetic induction with propofol. (+info)Effect of general anesthetics on IOP in rats with experimental aqueous outflow obstruction. (3/45)
PURPOSE: To determine the effect of several common general anesthetics on intraocular pressure (IOP) after experimental aqueous outflow obstruction in the rat. METHODS: A single episcleral vein injection of hypertonic saline was used to sclerose aqueous humor outflow pathways and produce elevated IOP in Brown Norway rats. Animals were housed in either standard lighting or a constant low-level light environment. Awake IOPs were determined using a TonoPen (Mentor, Norwell, MA) immediately before induction of anesthesia by either isoflurane, ketamine, or a mixture of injectable anesthetics (xylazine, ketamine, and acepromazine). For each anesthetic, IOPs were measured immediately after adequate sedation (time 0) and at 5-minute intervals, up to 20 minutes. RESULTS; Awake IOPs ranged from 18 to 52 mm Hg. All anesthetics resulted in a statistically significant (P: < 0.01) reduction in measured IOP at every duration of anesthesia when compared with the corresponding awake IOP. With increasing duration of anesthesia, measured IOP decreased approximately linearly for both the anesthetic mixture and isoflurane. However, with ketamine, IOP declined to 48% +/- 11% (standard lighting) and 60% +/- 7% (constant light) of awake levels at 5 minutes of anesthesia, where it remained stable. In fellow eyes, the SD of the mean IOP in animals under anesthesia was always greater than the corresponding SD of the awake mean. Anesthesia's effects in normal eyes and eyes with elevated IOP were indistinguishable. CONCLUSIONS: All anesthetics resulted in rapid and substantial decreases in IOP in all eyes and increased the interanimal variability in IOPs. Measurement of IOP in awake animals provides the most accurate documentation of pressure histories for rat glaucoma model studies. (+info)Self-mutilation in rabbits following intramuscular ketamine-xylazine-acepromazine injections. (4/45)
Following hind leg intramuscular injections of ketamine, xylazine, and acepromazine, 4 of 6 rabbits exhibited self-mutilation of the digits. At necropsy, the affected sciatic nerve appeared enlarged. Lymphohistiocytic perineural inflammation and fibrosis were observed, together with nerve degeneration. Neuronal regeneration as the reason for self-mutilation is discussed. (+info)Structure of TAR RNA complexed with a Tat-TAR interaction nanomolar inhibitor that was identified by computational screening. (5/45)
HIV-1 TAR RNA functions critically in viral replication by binding the transactivating regulatory protein Tat. We recently identified several compounds that experimentally inhibit the Tat-TAR interaction completely at a 100 nM concentration. We used computational screening of the 181,000-compound Available Chemicals Directory against the three-dimensional structure of TAR [1]. Here we report the NMR-derived structure of TAR complexed with acetylpromazine. This structure represents a new class of compounds with good bioavailability and low toxicity that bind with high affinity to TAR. NMR data unambiguously show that acetylpromazine binds only to the unique 5' bulge site to which the Tat protein binds. Specificity and affinity of binding are conferred primarily by a network of base stacking and hydrophobic interactions. Acetylpromazine alters the structure of free TAR less than Tat peptides and neomycin do. (+info)Physiology and behavior of dogs during air transport. (6/45)
Twenty-four beagles were used to measure physiological and behavioral reactions to air transport. Each of 3 groups of 4 sedated (with 0.5 mg/kg body weight of acepromazine maleate) and 4 non-sedated (control) dogs was flown on a separate flight between Montreal, Quebec, and Toronto, Ontario, after being transported by road from Quebec City to Montreal. Saliva and blood samples were taken before ground and air transport and after air transport. The heart rate was monitored during the whole experiment except during ground transport, and behavior was monitored by video during air transport. Sedation did not affect any of the variables measured. The mean plasma cortisol concentration was significantly higher (P < 0.05) after ground transport than at baseline (225.3 vs 134.5 nmol/L); the mean salivary cortisol concentration was significantly higher (P < 0.05) after both ground and air transport than at baseline (16.2 and 14.8, respectively, vs 12.6 nmol/L). The mean neutrophil count was significantly higher (P < 0.05) after both ground and air transport than at baseline (80.6 and 81.4, respectively, vs 69.5 per 100 white blood cells), whereas the mean lymphocyte count was significantly lower (P < 0.05) (13.2 and 13.7, respectively, vs 22.4 per 100 white blood cells). Loading and unloading procedures caused the largest increase in heart rate. On average, the dogs spent more than 50% of the time lying down, and they remained inactive for approximately 75% of the time, except during take-off. These results suggest that transportation is stressful for dogs and that sedation with acepromazine, at the dosage and timing used, does not affect the physiological and behavioral stress responses of dogs to air transport. (+info)Inhibition has little effect on response latencies in the inferior colliculus. (7/45)
The inferior colliculi of all mammals are characterized by a wide range of first-spike response latencies that can greatly exceed the minimum time required for the transmission of input through the lower brainstem. The mechanisms that account for long response latencies of up to 50 ms are unclear, but one hypothesis is that an early inhibition plays a role in shaping latency. To test this hypothesis, response latencies were measured in the inferior colliculi of the pallid and mustached bats before and during the blockade of GABAa and glycine receptors. The effect of blocking inhibition on response latency was compared under stimulus conditions that produced the shortest latency in the predrug condition. Multibarrel "piggyback" electrodes were used to iontophoretically apply bicuculline and strychnine sequentially while recording from single neurons. Predrug latencies ranged from 9 to 26 ms in the pallid bat and from 4 to 17 ms in the mustached bat. Despite large increases in response magnitude and response duration following disinhibition, the blockade of inhibitory receptors had modest effects on response latency. In the pallid bat, blocking GABA receptors produced latency changes that ranged from -3.8 to +0.2 ms, while blocking glycine receptors produced changes from -0.1 to +1.7 ms. Similarly, in the mustached bat, blocking GABA receptors caused changes ranging from -10.3 to +1.4 ms; blocking glycine receptors in the mustached bat caused changes from -3.6 to +1.0 ms. The large change of -10.3 ms was an exception. In both species, the majority of neurons showed changes of <1 ms. We conclude that a fast, early inhibitory input does not appear to play a significant role in shaping the wide range of response latencies present in the inferior colliculi of mustached and pallid bats. (+info)Application of pulsed Doppler ultrasound for the evaluation of small intestinal motility in dogs. (8/45)
The purpose of this study was to verify whether small intestinal peristalsis could be observed and quantitatively assessed using pulsed-Doppler ultrasound. Pulsed-Doppler ultrasound was used to evaluate small intestinal peristalsis after a meal in ten normal dogs and ten sedated dogs. The small intestinal peristalses were measured 0, 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 24 hours after a 24-hour fast and after feeding. The number of small intestinal peristalsis were 0.133/min, 0.100/min, 0.033/min, 0.167/min, 0.070/min, 0.067/min, and 0.100/min in the fasted dogs, and 1.667/ min, 0.933/min, 1.133/min, 1.234/min, 1.933/min, 1.533/ min, and 0.533/min in fed dogs, respectively. In the dogs sedated with xylazine HCl, the number of small intestinal peristalsis was significantly reduced (p<0.01). However, in the dogs treated with ketamine HCl and acepromazine, the number of small intestinal peristalsis remained unchanged. Therefore, it can be concluded that pulsed-Doppler ultrasound allows graphic visualization of the intestinal movements, which can be subjected to qualitative and quantitative analysis, and may be suitable for a non-invasive study of small intestinal motility. (+info)Acepromazine is a phenothiazine derivative tranquilizer, used primarily in veterinary medicine, which exerts its action by blocking dopamine receptors in the brain, thus producing sedative, analgesic, and antiemetic effects.
Acepromazine is a medication that belongs to a class of drugs called phenothiazine derivatives. It acts as a tranquilizer and is commonly used in veterinary medicine to control anxiety, aggression, and excitable behavior in animals. It also has antiemetic properties and is sometimes used to prevent vomiting. In addition, it can be used as a pre-anesthetic medication to help calm and relax animals before surgery.
Acepromazine works by blocking the action of dopamine, a neurotransmitter in the brain that helps regulate movement, emotion, and cognition. This leads to sedation, muscle relaxation, and reduced anxiety. It is available in various forms, including tablets, injectable solutions, and transdermal gels, and is typically given to dogs, cats, and horses.
As with any medication, acepromazine can have side effects, including drowsiness, low blood pressure, decreased heart rate, and respiratory depression. It should be used with caution in animals with certain medical conditions, such as heart disease or liver disease, and should not be given to animals that are pregnant or lactating. It is important to follow the dosing instructions provided by a veterinarian carefully and to monitor the animal for any signs of adverse reactions.
Xylazine is a non-opioid, alpha-2 adrenergic agonist drug, often used as a sedative and analgesic in veterinary medicine, but not approved for human use, known to cause potentially serious side effects including respiratory depression, bradycardia, and hypotension.
Xylazine is a central alpha-2 adrenergic agonist, often used in veterinary medicine as a sedative and analgesic. It can produce profound sedation, muscle relaxation, and analgesia. Xylazine is not approved for use in humans in many countries, including the United States, due to its potential for severe side effects such as respiratory depression, bradycardia (slow heart rate), and hypotension (low blood pressure).
Promazine is an antipsychotic and sedative drug, primarily used in the management of various psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia, agitated states, and severe behavioral problems, by blocking dopamine receptors in the brain, thus reducing abnormal and excessive dopamine activity.
Promazine is a type of medication known as a phenothiazine antipsychotic. It works by blocking the action of dopamine, a neurotransmitter in the brain that is involved in emotion and thought. Promazine is primarily used to treat schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders, as well as to manage agitation and anxiety in certain medical conditions. It may also be used for its sedative effects in the management of insomnia or related sleep disturbances.
Promazine was first synthesized in the 1940s and has been used in clinical practice since then. It is available in various forms, including tablets and injectable solutions, and is typically administered two to four times a day. Common side effects of promazine include dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, dizziness, and orthostatic hypotension (a sudden drop in blood pressure upon standing). Less commonly, it can cause extrapyramidal symptoms, such as tremors, rigidity, and akathisia (restlessness and inability to sit still).
It is important to note that promazine and other phenothiazine antipsychotics have been largely replaced by newer, atypical antipsychotic medications due to their greater efficacy and lower risk of extrapyramidal side effects. However, promazine may still be used in certain cases where its specific properties are desired or when other treatments have failed. As with any medication, it should only be used under the close supervision of a healthcare provider, who can monitor for potential adverse effects and adjust the dosage as needed.
Methotrimeprazine is a phenothiazine derivative with antiemetic, antihistamine, analgesic, and sedative properties, used primarily in the management of severe nausea and vomiting, occasionally as an adjunct in the treatment of pain, and rarely as a sleep aid.
Methotrimeprazine is a phenothiazine derivative with antiemetic, antipsychotic, and sedative properties. It works as a dopamine receptor antagonist and has been used in the management of various conditions such as nausea and vomiting, schizophrenia, anxiety, and agitation.
It is important to note that Methotrimeprazine can have significant side effects, including sedation, orthostatic hypotension, extrapyramidal symptoms (such as involuntary movements), and neuroleptic malignant syndrome (a rare but potentially life-threatening reaction). Its use should be under the supervision of a healthcare professional, and it is important to follow their instructions carefully.
"Veterinary drugs are substances or combinations of substances used in the diagnosis, treatment, prevention, or diagnosis of diseases in animals, including those used to restore, correct, or modify physiological functions, by chemical, pharmacological, immunological, or metabolic means." (paraphrased from World Health Organization)
Veterinary drugs, also known as veterinary medicines, are substances or combinations of substances used to treat, prevent, or diagnose diseases in animals, including food-producing species and pets. These drugs can be administered to animals through various routes such as oral, topical, injectable, or inhalation. They contain active ingredients that interact with the animal's biological system to produce a therapeutic effect. Veterinary drugs are subject to regulatory control and must be prescribed or recommended by a licensed veterinarian in many countries to ensure their safe and effective use.
Butorphanol is a synthetic opioid agonist-antagonist medication, primarily used for its analgesic (pain-relating) effects, with additional applications in sedation and as a treatment for migraines, which functions by binding to and inhibiting the μ-opioid receptor while simultaneously stimulating the κ-opioid receptor.
Butorphanol is a synthetic opioid analgesic (pain reliever) used to treat moderate to severe pain. It works by binding to the opiate receptors in the brain, which reduces the perception of pain. Butorphanol is available as an injectable solution and a nasal spray.
The medical definition of 'Butorphanol' is:
A synthetic opioid analgesic with agonist-antagonist properties. It is used in the management of moderate to severe pain, as a veterinary analgesic, and for obstetrical analgesia. Butorphanol has a high affinity for the kappa-opioid receptor, a lower affinity for the mu-opioid receptor, and little or no affinity for the delta-opioid receptor. Its actions at the mu-opioid receptor are antagonistic to those of morphine and other mu-opioid agonists, while its actions at the kappa-opioid receptor are similar to those of other opioids.
Butorphanol has a rapid onset of action and a relatively short duration of effect. It may cause respiratory depression, sedation, nausea, vomiting, and other side effects common to opioid analgesics. Butorphanol is classified as a Schedule IV controlled substance in the United States due to its potential for abuse and dependence.
Preanesthetic medication, also known as premedication, refers to the administration of drugs before anesthesia to reduce anxiety, fear, pain, and unwanted physiological responses, preparing the patient for a safe and smooth induction of anesthesia.
Preanesthetic medication, also known as premedication, refers to the administration of medications before anesthesia to help prepare the patient for the upcoming procedure. These medications can serve various purposes, such as:
1. Anxiolysis: Reducing anxiety and promoting relaxation in patients before surgery.
2. Amnesia: Causing temporary memory loss to help patients forget the events leading up to the surgery.
3. Analgesia: Providing pain relief to minimize discomfort during and after the procedure.
4. Antisialagogue: Decreasing saliva production to reduce the risk of aspiration during intubation.
5. Bronchodilation: Relaxing bronchial smooth muscles, which can help improve respiratory function in patients with obstructive lung diseases.
6. Antiemetic: Preventing or reducing the likelihood of postoperative nausea and vomiting.
7. Sedation: Inducing a state of calmness and drowsiness to facilitate a smooth induction of anesthesia.
Common preanesthetic medications include benzodiazepines (e.g., midazolam), opioids (e.g., fentanyl), anticholinergics (e.g., glycopyrrolate), and H1-antihistamines (e.g., diphenhydramine). The choice of preanesthetic medication depends on the patient's medical history, comorbidities, and the type of anesthesia to be administered.
Forensic medicine, also known as legal medicine, is a branch of medicine that deals with the application of medical knowledge to legal issues, particularly in determining the cause and time of death, injury or disease for medico-legal purposes.
Forensic medicine, also known as legal medicine or medical jurisprudence, is a branch of medicine that deals with the application of medical knowledge to legal issues and questions. It involves the examination, interpretation, and analysis of medical evidence for use in courts of law. This may include determining the cause and manner of death, identifying injuries or diseases, assessing the effects of substances or treatments, and evaluating the competency or capacity of individuals. Forensic medicine is often used in criminal investigations and court cases, but it can also be applied to civil matters such as personal injury claims or medical malpractice suits.
Combined anesthetics refer to the use of two or more types of anesthetic agents, such as local anesthetics, intravenous anesthetics, and inhalational anesthetics, in combination to produce a synergistic effect, improve efficacy, reduce side effects, and provide balanced anesthesia during medical procedures.
Combined anesthetics refer to the use of two or more types of anesthetic agents together during a medical procedure to produce a desired level of sedation, amnesia, analgesia, and muscle relaxation. This approach can allow for lower doses of individual anesthetic drugs, which may reduce the risk of adverse effects associated with each drug. Common combinations include using a general anesthetic in combination with a regional or local anesthetic technique. The specific choice of combined anesthetics depends on various factors such as the type and duration of the procedure, patient characteristics, and the desired outcomes.
Ketamine is a dissociative anesthetic drug, primarily used in human and veterinary medicine for starting and maintaining anesthesia, but also with various off-label uses such as pain management, sedation in intensive care, and treatment of mood disorders including depression and PTSD. (AAPM&R, 2018)
**Ketamine** is a dissociative anesthetic medication primarily used for starting and maintaining anesthesia. It can lead to a state of altered perception, hallucinations, sedation, and memory loss. Ketamine is also used as a pain reliever in patients with chronic pain conditions and during certain medical procedures due to its strong analgesic properties.
It is available as a generic drug and is also sold under various brand names, such as Ketalar, Ketanest, and Ketamine HCl. It can be administered intravenously, intramuscularly, orally, or as a nasal spray.
In addition to its medical uses, ketamine has been increasingly used off-label for the treatment of mood disorders like depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), owing to its rapid antidepressant effects. However, more research is needed to fully understand its long-term benefits and risks in these applications.
It's important to note that ketamine can be abused recreationally due to its dissociative and hallucinogenic effects, which may lead to addiction and severe psychological distress. Therefore, it should only be used under the supervision of a medical professional.
Acepromazine
"Acepromazine Maleate Injection for Animal Use". Drugs.com. Retrieved 2017-06-11. "Acepromazine: Pet Anxiety Medication for Dogs ... While acepromazine is also used in cats, its absorption is erratic and can vary between individuals. It also generally induces ... Acepromazine should not be used in horses intended for human consumption. Side effects are not common, but the use of ... Additionally, acepromazine is used as a vasodilator in the treatment of laminitis, where an oral dose equivalent to "mild ...
Potomac horse fever
... low doses of intramuscular acepromazine; and pentoxifylline. While a vaccine is available for PHF, it does not cover all ...
List of dopaminergic drugs
Acepromazine • Azaperone • Benperidol • Bromperidol • Clopenthixol • Chlorpromazine • Chlorprothixene • Droperidol • ...
Reindeer
Article X. Fong, D. W. (1982). "Immobilization of caribou with etorphine plus acepromazine". The Journal of Wildlife Management ...
Veterinary surgery
Sedatives commonly used include acepromazine, hydromorphone, midazolam, diazepam, xylazine, and medetomidine. α2 agonists like ... dogs frequently receive buprenorphine and acepromazine). The next step is induction, usually with an intravenous drug. Dogs and ...
Aceprometazine
It is structurally related to the phenothiazine derivative veterinary drug acepromazine. Note: The reason for the rearrangement ...
Etorphine
Large Animal Immobilon is a combination of etorphine plus acepromazine maleate. An etorphine antidote Large Animal Revivon ...
Rodent cocktail
The injectable, clear liquid is a mixture of ketamine, xylazine, and acepromazine. The ratio used depends on the species of ...
Scotty Cramp
Diazepam or acepromazine is used to control the symptoms of Scotty Cramp. Vitamin E may also be of some benefit. Because Scotty ...
Diethylthiambutene
Harbison WD, Slocombe RF, Watts SJ, Stewart GA (December 1974). "Thiambutene and acepromazine as analgesic and preanaesthetic ...
Chlorpromazine
The veterinary use of chlorpromazine has generally been superseded by use of acepromazine. Chlorpromazine may be used as an ...
Maropitant
Unlike dimenhydrinate and acepromazine, which are used for motion sickness, maropitant does not cause sedation. Maropitant has ...
Surgical stress
"Evaluation of the perioperative stress response in dogs administered medetomidine or acepromazine as part of the preanesthetic ... different aspects of manifestation and characteristics with medetomidine and acepromazine preanaesthetic medication (PDF). ...
Preanesthetic agent
Examples of preanesthetic agents are: Acepromazine atropine diazepam Scopolamine Opioid analgesics, such as morphine, pethidine ...
Laminitis
Systemic acepromazine as a vasodilator with the fringe benefit of mild sedation which reduces the horse/pony's movements and ... 1997). "Effects of acepromazine maleate, isoxsuprine hydrochloride and prazosin hydrochloride on laminar blood flow in healthy ... Pentafusion, or the administration of ketamine, lidocaine, morphine, detomidine, and acepromazine at a constant rate of ...
Apomorphine
... acepromazine). Giving apomorphine after giving acepromazine, however, will no longer stimulate vomiting, because apomorphine's ...
Equine drug testing
The widely used tranquilizer acepromazine, and any number of related or equivalent agents, have been used in this way. Higher ...
NMDA receptor antagonist
... acepromazine-butorphanol-ketamine, and xylazine-butorphanol-ketamine in ferrets". Journal of the American Animal Hospital ...
Appaloosa
Acetazolamide is not to be confused with acepromazine ("Ace"), a tranquilizer, which is illegal in all forms of competition. " ...
Climazolam
... and maintained by intravenous administration of a climazolam-ketamine combination in ponies premedicated with acepromazine and ...
Balanced anesthesia
... diazepam or midazolam and acepromazine. It is considerably important to make patients calm before the surgery because it can ...
Butorphanol
For sedation, it may be combined with tranquilizers such as alpha-2 agonists (medetomidine), benzodiazepines, or acepromazine ...
Robert Berdella
... diazepam and acepromazine both in his car and at his house until he became unconscious. He then injected Howell with a heavy ...
The X-Files: I Want to Believe
He drives Scully's car to Nutter's Feed Store in a small town near the abductions, as the human remains contain acepromazine, ...
Shetland Sheepdog
... including acepromazine, butorphanol, doxorubicin, erythromycin, ivermectin, loperamide, milbemycin, moxidectin, rifampin, ...
Benzhydryl compounds
Alkene: thiambutene, loratadine Alkylamine: A-86929, amfonelic acid Nitrogen: promethazine, imipramine, acepromazine, ...
List of MeSH codes (D03)
... acepromazine MeSH D03.494.741.080 - azure stains MeSH D03.494.741.198 - chlorpromazine MeSH D03.494.741.326 - fluphenazine MeSH ...
Brazilian Controlled Drugs and Substances Act
THC Aminorex Amfepramone Fenproporex Phendimetrazine Phentermine Mazindol Mefenorex Sibutramine Acepromazine Valproic acid ...
ACP
... a non-sperm component of semen Acepromazine, veterinary sedative Acetophenone, a chemical compound ACP1 (low molecular weight ...
Equine exertional rhabdomyolysis
Vasodilators, such as acepromazine, can help improve blood flow to the muscles, but acepromazine only should be administered if ...
Acepromazine - Wikipedia
"Acepromazine Maleate Injection for Animal Use". Drugs.com. Retrieved 2017-06-11. "Acepromazine: Pet Anxiety Medication for Dogs ... While acepromazine is also used in cats, its absorption is erratic and can vary between individuals. It also generally induces ... Acepromazine should not be used in horses intended for human consumption. Side effects are not common, but the use of ... Additionally, acepromazine is used as a vasodilator in the treatment of laminitis, where an oral dose equivalent to "mild ...
Acepromazine vs. Virbac Anxitane Comparison | PetMeds®
Acepromazine | C19H22N2OS | CID 6077 - PubChem
Acepromazine Oral Paste
Acepromazine preparation information is provided by Wedgewood Pharmacy. ... Acepromazine Oral Paste may be prescribed for Horses. ... Acepromazine: Oral Paste. Acepromazine may be prescribed for:. ... 4 strengths of Acepromazine Oral Paste are available, ranging from 5 mg/ml to 35 mg/ml. What our customers are saying. Prompt, ... Acepromazine Oral Paste. Prescribed For: Horses. May be Prescribed For: Pre-anesthetic and Mild tranquilizer. If you have any ...
Using Acepromazine: What You Need to Know
Acepromazine (PromAce) - Veterinary Partner - VIN
Although acepromazine has several actions that might be useful, it is mostly used as a tranquilizer. ... Acepromazine should not be used in patients with known liver disease. Acepromazine is removed from the body by the liver, and ... Acepromazine should not be used in anemic patients. By dilating the blood vessels in the spleen, acepromazine use leads to ... Acepromazine is best not used in patients where circulation is in question. Acepromazine dilates blood vessels, which leads to ...
ACEPROMAZINE
... MALEATE. Approved Use. Actions: Acepromazine maleate has a depressant effect on the central nervous system and ... ACEPROMAZINE Created by admin. on Wed Jul 05 23:42:39 UTC 2023. , Edited by admin. on Wed Jul 05 23:42:39 UTC 2023. ... Acepromazine can also be used to treat motion sickness and nausea associated with car or plane rides. The mechanism by which ... Acepromazine a potent neuroleptic agent with a low order of toxicity, is of particular value in the tranquilization of dogs, ...
Acepromazine (ACP) | BSAVA Library
Sedative and cardiorespiratory effects of low doses of xylazine with and without acepromazine in Nordestino donkeys - Profiles ...
Acepromazine Injectable
- Performance Vet Supply
Animal NDC 58597-8095-8 Acepromazine Maleate
Acepromazine Maleate What is the Proprietary Name?. The proprietary name also known as the trade name is the name of the ... Acepromazine Maleate What is the Non-Proprietary Name?. The non-proprietary name is sometimes called the generic name. The ... Acepromazine Maleate Animal Product Labeling Information. The product labeling information includes all published material ... Acepromazine Maleate by American Pharmaceutical Ingredients Llc. ...
Animal NDC 11695-0095-5 Acepromazine Maleate
Dogs and cats: Acepromazine maleate injection can be used as an aid in controlling intractable animals during ex ... Acepromazine Maleate Images. * Picture of chemical structure of Acepromazine Maleate, USP. - 14203249 6162 41ad 8b61 ... Acepromazine Maleate What is the Proprietary Name?. The proprietary name also known as the trade name is the name of the ... Acepromazine Maleate What is the Non-Proprietary Name?. The non-proprietary name is sometimes called the generic name. The ...
Acepromazine Maleate Injection is used for sedation, tranquilization
... and as a pre-anesthetic agent in horses, dogs and cats. ... ACEPROMAZINE quantity. Add to cart. Category: Injectable Tags: #ACEPROMAZINE dosage, #ACEPROMAZINE reviews, #ACEPROMAZINE# ... ACEPROMAZINE ACEPROMAZINE ACEPROMAZINE ACEPROMAZINE. Does not provide any pain relief. Giant breeds, greyhounds, and boxers may ... Home / Shop / Injectable / ACEPROMAZINE. ACEPROMAZINE. $40.00. $30.00. Acepromazine Maleate Injection is used for sedation, ...
Treating malassezia dermatitis on my dog over-the-counter? - Questions & Answers | VetInfo/QA
How Long Does Acepromazine Last in Dogs - Eden Again Pet Guide
How Long Does Acepromazine Last in Dogs?. Acepromazine, also known as Ace, is a commonly prescribed sedative for dogs. It is ... 2. Is Acepromazine safe for all dogs?. While Acepromazine is generally safe, it may not be suitable for dogs with certain ... 5. Can Acepromazine be used for long-term sedation?. Acepromazine is generally not recommended for long-term use as it can ... 7. Can Acepromazine be used for all types of travel anxiety?. While Acepromazine can help calm dogs during travel, some dogs ...
Acepromazine Injectable for Dogs Cats & Horses, 10-mg/mL, 50-mL multi
WY Acepromazine Injectable Acepromazine Injectable is a rapid acting, injectable used as a preanesthetic and tranquilizer for ... Acepromazine Injectable. Acepromazine Injectable is a rapid acting, injectable used as a preanesthetic and tranquilizer for ... Acepromazine Injectable for Dogs Cats & Horses, 10-mg/mL, 50-mL multi-dose vial. HardyPaw SKU: 501075 ... Acepromazine Injection may be given intravenously, intramuscularly or subcutaneously.. Recommended Dosage. Use as directed by ...
Xolox Advanced Patient Information - Drugs.com
Fentanyl (Transdermal Route) Before Using - 妙佑医疗国际
Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. When you are taking this medicine, it is especially important that your healthcare professional know if you are taking any of the medicines listed below. The following interactions have been selected on the basis of their potential significance and are not necessarily all-inclusive.. Using this medicine with any of the following medicines is not recommended. Your doctor may decide not to treat you with this medication or change some of the other medicines you take.. ...
Ketalar Advanced Patient Information - Drugs.com
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Vista do COMPARISON OF THE SEDATIVE AND/OR ANTINOCICEPTIVE EFFECTS OF ACEPROMAZINE, LEVOMEPROMAZINE AND AZAPERONE IN HORSES /...
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As an alternative to dexmedetomidine, acepromazine might be substituted; however, acepromazine has a shorter duration of action ... c. Can substitute acepromazine at 0.01-0.03 mg/kg dogs and 0.03-0.5 mg/kg cats (up to maximum 0.2 mg/kg dogs or cats) or ... For additional sedation, phenobarbital or acepromazine might be added. Where indicated, also prescribe medications for pain, ... For increased sedation in healthy, fractious pets, transmucosal acepromazine, dexmedetomidine, detomidine gel in dogs, or ...
International Federation of Horseracing Authorities
required by the International Federation of Horseracing Authorities. (cf. to Article 6 A § 19: http://www.ifhaonline.org/default.asp?section=IABRW&area=2#article6a). This specification describes the minimum analytical capability required to detect exposure. It must not be construed as restricting in any way the chemical groups or concentrations that may constitute positive findings. Many laboratories will be able to surpass this specification, and the interpretation of whether a finding and a particular concentration would constitute a violation is governed by the relevant Rules of Racing.. Procedures should ensure that the laboratory can find prohibited substances in equine body fluids and prove their presence. Test methods must cover the chemical groups typified by the representative list. Each substance in the representative list must be detectable and identifiable at the concentration shown, if necessary after hydrolysis of metabolic conjugates. In addition, test methods must also reliably ...
Maleate Injection5
- Horses: Acepromazine Maleate Injection can be used as an aid in controlling fractious animals during examination, treatment, loading and transportation. (ncats.io)
- 2) as an adjunct to surgery under local anesthesia.Horses: Acepromazine maleate injection can be used as an aid in controlling fractious animals during examination, treatment, loading and transportation. (ndclist.com)
- Acepromazine maleate injection can be used as an aid in controlling fractious animals during examination, treatment, loading and transportation. (ndclist.com)
- Acepromazine Maleate Injection is used for sedation, tranquilization and as a pre-anesthetic agent in horses, dogs and cats. (horsemedicare.com)
- Acepromazine Maleate Injection may be given intravenously, intramuscularly or subcutaneously. (horsemedicare.com)
Sedative8
- The most common uses of acepromazine in animals are as an oral sedative before stressful events (such as thunderstorms), an injectable tranquilizer for particularly aggressive or fractious animals, and in combination with analgesics and other sedatives. (wikipedia.org)
- In giant-breed dogs and sighthounds, the sedative effects of acepromazine may last for 12-24 hours, which is much longer than the usual 3-4 hours. (wikipedia.org)
- Acepromazine is a commonly used tranquilizer/sedative in dogs, cats, horses, and other animals. (ncats.io)
- Acepromazine, also known as Ace, is a commonly prescribed sedative for dogs. (edenagain.org)
- Acepromazine is primarily a sedative rather than an anti-anxiety medication. (edenagain.org)
- In conclusion, Acepromazine is a commonly used sedative for dogs that can help calm them during stressful situations. (edenagain.org)
- Vista do COMPARISON OF THE SEDATIVE AND/OR ANTINOCICEPTIVE EFFECTS OF ACEPROMAZINE, LEVOMEPROMAZINE AND AZAPERONE IN HORSES / Comparação dos efeitos sedativos e/ou antinociceptivos dos tranquilizantes acepromazina, levomepromazina e azaperone em equinos. (arsveterinaria.org.br)
- Sedative and anti-anxiety drugs include medications like acepromazine, chlorpromazine, and valium or midazolam. (rrcus.org)
Injectable1
- Acepromazine Injectable is a rapid acting, injectable used as a preanesthetic and tranquilizer for dogs, cats and horses with a low order of toxicity. (hardypaw.com)
Injection2
- Acepromazine maleate 10 mg, sodium citrate 0.36%, citric acid 0.075%, benzyl alcohol 1% and water for injection. (ndclist.com)
- Acepromazine is primarily given orally or through injection. (edenagain.org)
Sedation5
- Actions: Acepromazine maleate has a depressant effect on the central nervous system and therefore, causes sedation, muscular relaxation and a reduction in spontaneous activity. (ncats.io)
- 5. Can Acepromazine be used for long-term sedation? (edenagain.org)
- For additional sedation, phenobarbital or acepromazine might be added. (vin.com)
- For increased sedation in healthy, fractious pets, transmucosal acepromazine, dexmedetomidine, detomidine gel in dogs, or buprenorphine in cats might be effective given 30-60 minutes in advance. (vin.com)
- Acepromazine is a tranquilizer that alone or combined with opioids provides excellent sedation. (rrcus.org)
Horses3
- The most widely used tranquilizer in horses is acepromazine or "ace. (equisearch.com)
- Acepromazine maleate (Ace) is a common tranquilizer employed by horse handlers as a "training aid" because it allows handlers more control of fractious horses in training situations. (auburn.edu)
- Acepromazine a potent neuroleptic agent with a low order of toxicity, is of particular value in the tranquilization of dogs, cats and horses. (ncats.io)
Tranquilizer3
- This validates the use of Acepromazine maleate as an appropriate tranquilizer to be used during training exercises of a fractious horse. (auburn.edu)
- Although acepromazine has several actions that might be useful, it is mostly used as a tranquilizer. (vin.com)
- Acepromazine is a long-lasting tranquilizer. (vin.com)
Prescribe1
- Veterinarians typically prescribe acepromazine to quiet agitated animals or use it as a part of an anesthetic protocol. (ncats.io)
Commonly2
- Acepromazine, acetopromazine, or acetylpromazine (commonly known as ACP, Ace, or by the trade names Atravet or Acezine 2, number depending on mg/ml dose) is a phenothiazine derivative antipsychotic drug. (wikipedia.org)
- Acepromazine is commonly used to prepare animals for general anesthesia. (vin.com)
Dexmedetomidine2
- Many behaviorists feel that other medications, such as alprazolam or dexmedetomidine , may be superior in these situations though acepromazine has certainly been the mainstay for pet tranquilization for decades. (vin.com)
- Forty-three client-owned dogs were enrolled in the study and anaesthetised using a standardized protocol that included premedication with acepromazine (0,03-0,05 mg/kg) and dexmedetomidine (0,01 mg/kg) intramuscularly. (bvsalud.org)
Motion sickness2
- Acepromazine can also be used to treat motion sickness and nausea associated with car or plane rides. (ncats.io)
- While Acepromazine can help calm dogs during travel, some dogs may experience motion sickness in addition to anxiety. (edenagain.org)
Veterinarian4
- No, Acepromazine is a prescription medication and should only be given under the guidance of a veterinarian. (edenagain.org)
- Always consult with your veterinarian before administering Acepromazine to your dog. (edenagain.org)
- It is best to use Acepromazine on a short-term basis as directed by your veterinarian. (edenagain.org)
- However, it is important to consult with a veterinarian before administering Acepromazine to ensure its safety and effectiveness for your dog's specific needs. (edenagain.org)
Phenobarbital1
- Common medications include phenobarbital and acepromazine. (iaamb.org)
Cats4
- The standard pharmaceutical preparation, acepromazine maleate, is used in veterinary medicine in dogs and cats. (wikipedia.org)
- While acepromazine is also used in cats, its absorption is erratic and can vary between individuals. (wikipedia.org)
- Dogs and cats on acepromazine typically bring up their third eyelids. (vin.com)
- Thirty-six cats were premedicated with intramuscular acepromazine (0.05 mg/kg) and meperidine (6 mg/kg). (bvsalud.org)
Medication2
Chlorpromazine1
- The original seizure cautions reported in the 1950s were in human patients on relatively high doses of the antipsychotic chlorpromazine while the doses of acepromazine used in the two published veterinary studies cited above are much lower. (wikipedia.org)
Tranquilization2
- More current studies, however, have failed to show a positive association between use of acepromazine and seizure activity: 116 and show a possible role for acepromazine in seizure control: in a retrospective study at University of Tennessee, acepromazine was administered for tranquilization to 36 dogs with a prior history of seizures and to decrease seizure activity in 11 dogs. (wikipedia.org)
- The strong tranquilization effect precludes the use of acepromazine in the treatment of high blood pressure . (vin.com)
Drugs2
- P-glycoprotein (P-gp), also known as multidrug resistant protein 1 (MDR1), is a protein found in cell membranes which is important in the metabolism and excretion of some drugs,: 41-58 such as acepromazine and ivermectin. (wikipedia.org)
- A mutation in ABCB1 prevents P-gp from being correctly produced, so that dogs with this mutation have an increased sensitivity to drugs (such as acepromazine) which are substrates of P-gp. (wikipedia.org)
Veterinarian's1
- 1. Can I give Acepromazine to my dog without a veterinarian's prescription? (edenagain.org)
Typically1
- For this reason, caution has typically been advised when contemplating acepromazine use in epileptic canine patients, as it was widely believed to lower the seizures threshold. (wikipedia.org)
Dogs9
- No seizures were seen within 16 hours of acepromazine administration in the 36 dogs that received the drug, and the seizures abated for 1.5 to 8 hours (n=6) or did not recur (n=2) in eight of 10 dogs that were actively seizing. (wikipedia.org)
- A second retrospective study also concluded that administration of acepromazine to dogs with prior or acute seizure history did not potentiate seizures, and there was some trend toward seizure reduction. (wikipedia.org)
- In the case of acepromazine, dogs with this mutation will be sensitive to acepromazine and become more sedated than expected. (vin.com)
- Understanding how long Acepromazine lasts in dogs is essential to ensure its effectiveness and safety. (edenagain.org)
- 2. Is Acepromazine safe for all dogs? (edenagain.org)
- While Acepromazine is generally safe, it may not be suitable for dogs with certain medical conditions such as heart or liver problems. (edenagain.org)
- 3. Can Acepromazine be used for anxiety in dogs? (edenagain.org)
- 6. Can Acepromazine be used for aggressive dogs? (edenagain.org)
- Acepromazine should not be used as the sole treatment for aggression in dogs. (edenagain.org)
Dosage1
- One of the dosage forms available for Acepromazine is Oral Paste. (wedgewoodpharmacy.com)
Doses1
- This may occur only in certain families of boxers, but the unknown risk to an individual dog means that acepromazine should be used at reduced doses, or not at all, in this breed. (wikipedia.org)
Effects5
- On average, the effects of Acepromazine can last anywhere from 6 to 8 hours. (edenagain.org)
- 4. Are there any side effects of Acepromazine? (edenagain.org)
- Some common side effects of Acepromazine include low blood pressure, decreased heart rate, and respiratory depression. (edenagain.org)
- Click here for a brief description of Acepromazine and its effects. (constantcontact.com)
- The acepromazine effects last anytime from six hours to eight hours. (petcarerx.com)
Anxiety3
- It is important to note that when used alone, acepromazine is not an effective pain reliever and does little if anything to relieve a pet's anxiety or fear. (ncats.io)
- 7. Can Acepromazine be used for all types of travel anxiety? (edenagain.org)
- we strongly suggest that any phobia, anxiety, or sound sensitivity not be treated with Acepromazine. (constantcontact.com)
Aggressive1
- In extremely rare instances, some pets exhibit aggressive behavior as a reaction to acepromazine. (vin.com)
Blood pressure1
- Acepromazine drops blood pressure by dilating blood vessels. (vin.com)
Effect1
- Giving acepromazine in conjunction with antacids will decrease the effect of acepromazine. (vin.com)
Fear1
- Acepromazine also can stabilize the rhythm of the heart in certain situations, meaning that it can slow the heart rate or prevent a fear-induced excessively rapid heart rate. (vin.com)
Products1
- A full month is recommended between the use of acepromazine and any organophosphate parasite/insecticide products. (vin.com)
Patients1
- While acepromazine makes patients drowsy, there is some thinking that it heightens the perception of loud noises. (vin.com)
