Chordoid glioma: a neoplasm unique to the hypothalamus and anterior third ventricle.
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BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Chordoid glioma is a new clinicopathologic entity that occurs in the region of the hypothalamus/anterior third ventricle. The aims of this study were to describe the characteristic radiographic features of chordoid glioma, identify specific imaging features that may enable differentiation of chordoid glioma from other suprasellar tumors, and increase neuroradiologists' awareness of this newly described tumor, facilitating prospective diagnosis. METHODS: CT scans and/or MR images of six patients with chordoid glioma were reviewed retrospectively to determine whether any characteristic radiographic features would emerge. Reports of the clinical presentation, pathologic findings, and radiographic findings of another six patients were reviewed and included, for a total patient population of 12 (mean age +/- SD, 46 +/- 13 years). RESULTS: Imaging features were strikingly similar for all tumors. In each case, the mass was ovoid, was well circumscribed, was located in the region of the hypothalamus/anterior third ventricle, and enhanced uniformly and intensely. Tumors were hyperdense to gray matter on CT scans and were isointense on T1-weighted MR images and slightly hyperintense on long-TR MR images. In two patients, vasogenic edema extended into the optic tracts, and in three, there was hydrocephalus. CONCLUSION: Chordoid glioma is a recently described unique histopathologic entity that has been added to the World Health Organization glioma classification scheme and must be included in the differential diagnosis of a suprasellar mass. Distinctive imaging features are its location, ovoid shape, hyperdensity on CT scans, and uniform intense contrast enhancement. (+info)
A 20-day-old female neonate presented with an immature teratoma in the midline posterior fossa. The tumor was totally removed but the patient died of pneumonia. Teratoma is a rare tumor, but very difficult to treat as the patients tend to be young, and the outcome is very poor. (+info)
Congenital intracranial teratoma of the lateral ventricle.
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A case of lateral ventricular teratoma in neonate, where near total excision of tumour was done, is being reported with the review of literature. (+info)
Fourth ventricular meningioma in an adult--case report.
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A 72-year-old female presented with an intra-fourth ventricular meningioma manifesting as truncal ataxia. Computed tomography (CT) showed a slightly high-density, well-demarcated, and homogeneously enhanced mass located in the fourth ventricle and extending to the right lateral recess. T2-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) imaging revealed a peritumoral high-intensity band without dural tail sign. Bilateral vertebral angiography revealed faint tumor staining supplied from the choroidal branches of the posterior inferior cerebellar arteries. The mass was totally resected via a suboccipital approach. CT, T2-weighted MR imaging, and vertebral angiography are informative for the preoperative diagnosis of fourth ventricular meningioma. (+info)
Management of hemangiopericytomas in the central nervous system.
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OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the clinical features and treatment of Hemangiopericytomas (HPCs) in the central nervous system. METHODS: Twenty-six HPC operations performed at Huashan Hospital from January 1993 to June 1999 were analyzed retrospectively, and a review of relevant literatures was done. RESULTS: Among the 26 cases, total tumor removal was achieved in 24 cases, and subtotal removal in 2 cases. Postoperatively, neurological symptoms were improved or unchanged in 21 cases, worsened in 4 cases, and pneumonia caused death in 1 case. Eighteen patients received postoperative radiotherapy. Eighteen patients were followed up from 1 month to 58 months (average, 22 months). During the follow-up period, 2 patients presented one or more distant metastasis, and one patient died of recurrence. CONCLUSION: Surgical management is the best choice for treatment of patients with HPCs. Postoperative radiotherapy can postpone the risk of tumor recurrence. (+info)
Intractable vomiting from glioblastoma metastatic to the fourth ventricle: three case studies.
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Dissemination of malignant glioma to the fourth ventricle with metastatic deposits and intractable vomiting is rare. Leptomeningeal extension of malignant glioma is an uncommon condition that has been reported in patients with end-stage disease and is usually unresponsive to any treatment modality. We describe 3 patients with progressing recurrent glioblastoma multiforme in whom leptomeningeal invasion manifested itself as intractable vomiting due to tumor metastases in the floor of the fourth ventricle. All patients received additional radiation therapy focused to the posterior fossa, with complete resolution of vomiting occurring within 10 days after irradiation. The remission of symptoms in these patients persisted until their death 3-4 months after the repeat radiation therapy. These reports indicate that additional focused radiation should be considered because of its significant therapeutic effect in alleviating intractable nausea and vomiting in patients with glioma metastasized to the posterior fossa. (+info)
Metachronous germinoma after total removal of mature teratoma in the third ventricle: a case report.
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A rare case of intraventricular germinoma in the third ventricle, which occurred 30 months after total removal of mature teratoma on the same location in a 29- yr-old man is presented. Recurrence is supposed to represent an acceleration of localized dysplastic processes of totipotent germ cells present in the midline neuraxis or a growth of unidentified microscopic residue of germinoma component in mature teratoma. Although the radiation therapy after total removal of mature teratoma is still controversial, careful follow-up is warranted for evaluating a possible recurrence of other germ cell tumors. (+info)
Choroid plexus papilloma of the fourth ventricle.
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A 14 year old girl presented with a 6 months' history of headache with vomiting, ataxia and cerebellar signs. CT and MRI revealed obstructive hydrocephalus secondary to a large fourth ventricular mass which enhanced markedly on contrast administration. Histopathology of the resected mass revealed papillary structures lined by cuboidal cells confirming choroid plexus papilloma. (+info)