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Acquired Immunodeficiency SyndromeCatsImmunodeficiency Virus, FelineCat DiseasesSyndromeMurine Acquired Immunodeficiency SyndromeFeline Acquired Immunodeficiency SyndromeLeukemia Virus, FelineHIV-1HIV InfectionsSimian immunodeficiency virusHIVAIDS-Related Opportunistic InfectionsSimian Acquired Immunodeficiency SyndromeAIDS-Related ComplexImmunologic Deficiency SyndromesCalicivirus, FelineCoronavirus, FelineHomosexualitySevere Combined ImmunodeficiencyMolecular Sequence DataHIV SeropositivityFeline PanleukopeniaZidovudineAnti-HIV AgentsVirus ReplicationSarcoma Viruses, FelineCD4 Lymphocyte CountCommon Variable ImmunodeficiencyPneumonia, PneumocystisFeline Infectious PeritonitisHIV AntibodiesLymphoma, AIDS-Relatedtat Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency VirusFeline panleukopenia virusHIV AntigensAntiretroviral Therapy, Highly ActiveHIV-2Lentivirus InfectionsRNA, ViralGene Products, gagDeltaretrovirusDNA, ViralBase SequenceRetroviridae InfectionsHIV Envelope Protein gp120Cell LineLeukemia, FelineSarcoma, KaposiViral LoadMacaca mulattaHIV Core Protein p24Amino Acid SequenceCytomegalovirus RetinitisOpportunistic InfectionsAntigens, CD4CD4-Positive T-LymphocytesDown SyndromeMetabolic Syndrome XReverse Transcriptase InhibitorsT-LymphocytesRetroviridae ProteinsAntibodies, ViralGene Products, envPolymerase Chain ReactionToxoplasmosis, CerebralMutationHIV Reverse TranscriptaseProvirusesRNA-Directed DNA PolymeraseAntiviral Agentsnef Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency VirusLymphatic DiseasesHIV SeronegativityAIDS SerodiagnosisGenes, envDidanosineFatal Outcomegag Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency VirusSubstance Abuse, IntravenousTime FactorsReceptors, CCR5AIDS Dementia ComplexHIV SeroprevalenceAIDS VaccinesHIV Protease InhibitorsNeutralization TestsHIV Long Terminal RepeatPentamidineUnited StatesCells, Culturedrev Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency VirusRisk FactorsGene Products, tatLeukocytes, MononuclearZalcitabineCD4-CD8 RatioImmunocompromised HostHemophilia AGenes, gag
Postexposure managementAIDSKittensImmune system of catsLeukemiaInfectionSpeciesHumanFeralHumansVirusDiseaseLitterSecondary infectionsWildDomestic catsMeansLiveMainHostFoundParvovirusInfectionsLentivirusRespiratoryCoronavirusInfectiousHookwormsClinicalSecondaryCommonlyTissuesSalivaImmune systemBelongsExposureAnimalsSpreadCasesCommonSymptomsDomesticHealthyPositiveAgentServeStudy
Postexposure management1
  • Although preventing blood exposures is the primary means of preventing occupa- tionally acquired human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, appropriate postexposure management is an important element of workplace safety. (cdc.gov)
AIDS6
  • GAINESVILLE, Fla. - A University of Florida researcher has discovered an unexpected link between the viruses that cause feline and human AIDS: Cats vaccinated with an experimental strain of the human AIDS virus appear to be at least as well-protected against the feline version of the disease as those immunized with the vaccine currently used by veterinarians. (mongabay.com)
  • The surprise finding may mean cats with feline immunodeficiency virus, also known as FIV or feline AIDS, could eventually be treated even more effectively using some form of the experimental human vaccine. (mongabay.com)
  • Since its discovery in 1987, FIV infection of cats has been used in vaccine studies as a small-animal model of human AIDS. (mongabay.com)
  • To determine the extent to which the human and feline AIDS viruses react to each other, and any implications that might exist for vaccine efficacy, Yamamoto began experimenting with long-term, nonprogressive strains of FIV that led to the current commercial vaccine. (mongabay.com)
  • This systematic review aimed to examine the clinical-epidemiological and therapeutic aspects related to sporotrichosis co-infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). (bvsalud.org)
  • There is the prospect that we may find out something else after the fact: that another polio vaccine may have inadvertently infected its recipients with an even more fearsome and insidious virus, the one that causes acquired immune deficiency syndrome - AIDS. (aidsorigins.com)
Kittens2
  • Russian Blue Kitten photograph by Sensual Shadows Photography Before you go in search of Russian Blue Kittens have a look at these and have a look at some Russian Blue adult cats too and read about this cat breed. (pictures-of-cats.org)
  • I've also built a page in which I discuss the breed standard in a general kind of way, nothing too technical, which may interest potential buyers of Russian Blue kittens as it also contains a large format slide show of a lot of cats of this breed to get a feel as to how they appear and what they should look like under the breed standard. (pictures-of-cats.org)
Immune system of cats2
Leukemia2
  • 5. Seidler A, Nienhaus A. Epidemiologie der and tests for feline leukemia and We thank all assisting public health berufsbedingten tuberkulose: ein literatur- immunodeficiency virus. (cdc.gov)
  • FIV is in the same retrovirus family as Feline leukemia virus (FeLV). (mongabay.com)
Infection2
  • FIV can be tolerated well by cats, but can eventually lead to debilitation of the immune system in its feline hosts by the infection and exhaustion of T-helper (CD4+) cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • FIV is a natural infection of domestic cats that results in an immunodeficiency syndrome resembling HIV infection in humans. (mongabay.com)
Species4
  • It has been suggested FIV originated in Africa and has since spread to feline species worldwide. (wikipedia.org)
  • FIV is known in other feline species, and in fact is endemic in some large wild cats, such as African lions. (wikipedia.org)
  • FIV can infect other feline species, and in fact in some large wild cat species, such as African lions, the virus is commonly present. (mongabay.com)
  • However, unlike in domestic cats, the virus does not necessarily cause disease in these species, perhaps because these species have acquired, during evolution, mutations that confer resistance to it. (mongabay.com)
Human2
  • B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). (cdc.gov)
  • While most feline infectious diseases affect only cats, and most human infectious diseases affect only humans, it is important to be aware that some of these diseases-called zoonotic diseases-can be transmitted between cats and people. (snapcats.org)
Feral1
  • The American Association of Feline Practitioners (an organization in the United States), as well as many feral cat organizations, recommends against euthanizing FIV-positive cats, or even spending funds to test for the virus. (wikipedia.org)
Humans3
  • However, humans cannot be infected by FIV, nor can cats be infected by HIV. (wikipedia.org)
  • FIV and HIV are both lentiviruses, however, neither can infect the other's usual host: humans cannot be infected by FIV nor can cats be infected by HIV. (mongabay.com)
  • You are much more likely to contract ailments from other humans than you are from your cat. (snapcats.org)
Virus6
  • 3 months earlier, although no microbi- of evidence for laboratory-acquired influenza virus for laboratory testing: risk ologic testing was performed. (cdc.gov)
  • Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) is a Lentivirus that affects cats worldwide, with 2.5% to 4.4% of felines being infected. (wikipedia.org)
  • FIV was first isolated in 1986, by Niels C Pedersen and Janet K. Yamamoto at the UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine in a colony of cats that had a high prevalence of opportunistic infections and degenerative conditions and was originally called Feline T-lymphotropic virus. (wikipedia.org)
  • FIV is transmitted primarily through deep bite wounds, where the virus present in the infected cat's saliva enters the body tissues of another cat. (wikipedia.org)
  • The chance that an FIV-infected cat will pass the virus to other cats within a household is low, unless there is fighting between cats, or wounds present that could allow entry of the virus from infected to non-infected cat. (wikipedia.org)
  • Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) is a lentivirus that affects domesticated housecats worldwide. (mongabay.com)
Disease8
  • FIV-positive cats can share water bowls, food bowls (for both wet and dry cat food), and use the same litter box with low danger of transmitting the disease. (wikipedia.org)
  • Low levels of CD4+ and other affected immune system cells cause the cat to be susceptible to opportunistic diseases once the disease progresses to feline acquired immune deficiency syndrome (FAIDS). (wikipedia.org)
  • The chance that an FIV infected cat will pass the disease onto other cats within a household is less than 2% as long as there is no fighting or biting. (mongabay.com)
  • Keeping infected cats separated from disease free cats is the only sure way of preventing the spread of the disease. (mongabay.com)
  • Her most recent studies have attempted to improve the efficacy of that vaccine by using strains of FIV found in cats in which the disease had not progressed for some reason over several years. (mongabay.com)
  • Additionally, to better understand the evolution of the disease, we conducted a retrospective survey of positive feline and canine cases from November 2017 to July 2021 with proven cultures for Sporothrix. (bvsalud.org)
  • However, simple precautions, common sense, and good hygiene, including careful handling of litter boxes and treating cats with fleas and other parasites, can further reduce the risk of zoonotic disease. (snapcats.org)
  • Transmission of a zoonotic disease can potentially occur when a person comes into direct contact with secretions or excretions-such as saliva or feces-from an infected cat. (snapcats.org)
Litter2
  • From personal experience over decades the best odor control cat litter is wood based. (pictures-of-cats.org)
  • For me there are essential 2 types of cat litter: clay or earth based (Fullers Earth - see history of cat litter ) wood based I presume the wood based litter is made from wood chippings. (pictures-of-cats.org)
Secondary infections1
  • A vigilant pet owner who treats secondary infections can allow an infected cat to live a reasonably long life. (wikipedia.org)
Wild1
  • This doesn't surprise me as the people who are best placed to assess the Clouded Leopard Population (business) are not necessarily interested in the preservation of this wild cat. (pictures-of-cats.org)
Domestic cats1
Means1
  • Because biting is the most efficient means of viral transmission, free-roaming, aggressive male cats are the most frequently infected, while cats housed exclusively indoors are much less likely to be infected. (mongabay.com)
Live1
  • An infected cat can often live a nearly normal life span. (mongabay.com)
Main1
  • Three main clades of FIV are recognized as of 2006, FIV-Ple (lion), FIV-Fca (domestic cat), and FIV-Pco (puma). (wikipedia.org)
Host1
  • A significant increase in animal cases over the last 4 years was observed, with cats being the most affected host. (bvsalud.org)
Found2
  • One case study conducted in São Paulo found that 75% of FIV-infected cats were males. (wikipedia.org)
  • Yamamoto's team was also surprised to discover that a core protein found in HIV also effectively protects cats against FIV. (mongabay.com)
Parvovirus1
  • Feline Panleucopaenia virus (FPV) is an autonomous parvovirus belonging to the family Parvoviridae and in the subgroup feline parvovirus. (felipedia.org)
Infections8
  • Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany acquired tuberculosis infections in public rosing dermatitis). (cdc.gov)
  • FIV was first isolated in 1986, by Niels C Pedersen and Janet K. Yamamoto at the UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine in a colony of cats that had a high prevalence of opportunistic infections and degenerative conditions and was originally called Feline T-lymphotropic virus. (wikipedia.org)
  • A vigilant pet owner who treats secondary infections can allow an infected cat to live a reasonably long life. (wikipedia.org)
  • The feline herpesvirus I (FHV-1) is one of the most common viral infections in cats, and is responsible for the clinical disease known as feline viral rhinotracheitis, an upper respiratory tract infection known colloquially as Cat Flu. (felipedia.org)
  • Unlike non-suppurative meningoencephalomyelitis (Polio) in cats, feline meningoencephalitis is most frequently a result of known infections, including FIP, and infections with Toxoplasma spp, Sarcocystis spp and Encephalitozoon spp. (felipedia.org)
  • acute respiratory infections in felines, rabbit hemorrhagic disease, and some cases of gastroenteritis in humans. (doctorinternet.com)
  • Those with immature or weakened immune systems, such as infants, individuals with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), the elderly, and people undergoing cancer therapy, are more susceptible to zoonotic infections than others. (snapcats.org)
  • Several of those serovars also have been reported to cause infections in cats (Sykes et al. (abcdcatsvets.org)
Lentivirus2
  • Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) is a Lentivirus that affects cats worldwide, with 2.5% to 4.4% of felines being infected. (wikipedia.org)
  • First identified in 1986, FIV belongs to the Lentivirus group which also includes FeLV (Feline leukemia virus) and FFV (Feline foamy virus)[3]. (felipedia.org)
Respiratory2
Coronavirus2
  • Since the first description of feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) in 1963, the association between feline coronavirus (FCoV) and the development of high mortality systemic disease has been reported worldwide in all species of felids. (felipedia.org)
  • After its first description in Wuhan (China), SARS-CoV-2 the agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) rapidly spread worldwide. (authorea.com)
Infectious2
  • In a recent histological review of tissues from 286 cats with neurological disorders, 32% had inflammatory and/or infectious lesions affecting the central nervous system. (felipedia.org)
  • While most feline infectious diseases affect only cats, and most human infectious diseases affect only humans, it is important to be aware that some of these diseases-called zoonotic diseases-can be transmitted between cats and people. (snapcats.org)
Hookworms1
  • Some feline intestinal parasites, including roundworms and hookworms, can also cause disease in people. (snapcats.org)
Clinical1
  • Definition: A clinical syndrome characterized by development, usually in infancy or childhood, of a chronic, often widespread candidiasis of skin, nails, and mucous membranes. (doctorinternet.com)
Secondary1
  • It may be secondary to one of the immunodeficiency syndromes, inherited as an autosomal recessive trait, or associated with defects in cell-mediated immunity, endocrine disorders, dental stomatitis, or malignancy. (doctorinternet.com)
Commonly2
  • Salmonella bacteria are more commonly harbored by cats that feed on raw meat or wild birds and animals. (snapcats.org)
  • Antibodies against Leptospira are commonly present in the feline population, and Leptospira spp. (abcdcatsvets.org)
Tissues1
  • FIV is transmitted primarily through deep bite wounds, where the virus present in the infected cat's saliva enters the body tissues of another cat. (wikipedia.org)
Saliva1
  • FeLV is transmitted horizontally (from cat to cat) primarily through saliva, which contains high concentrations of the virus. (felipedia.org)
Immune system1
Belongs1
  • Genome sequence analysis revealed that the cat SARS-CoV-2 belongs to the phylogenetic clade A2a like most of the French human SARS-CoV-2. (authorea.com)
Exposure1
  • shedding in cats with outdoor exposure has been demonstrated now in different regions worldwide. (abcdcatsvets.org)
Animals1
  • However, cats and other animals-even those that appear healthy-can carry and pass salmonella bacteria in their stool. (snapcats.org)
Spread1
  • There is currently no evidence that cats can spread COVID-19 and owners should not abandon their pets or compromise their welfare. (authorea.com)
Cases1
  • Using COVID-19 notification and postcode data from New South Wales, Australia during the exponential phase of the epidemic in 2020, we used time-series analysis to investigate the relationship between 749 cases of locally-acquired COVID-19 and daily rainfall, 9am and 3pm temperature, and 9am and 3pm relative humidity. (authorea.com)
Common2
  • Fleas are the most common external parasite of cats. (snapcats.org)
  • Allergic dermatitis is one of the most common allergy-related health problems in dogs, though cats can be affected as well. (gulfanimalhospital.com)
Symptoms1
  • Symptoms may be particularly difficult to notice in cats as they tend to hide signs of injury or weakness. (mahofsc.com)
Domestic2
  • It has since been identified in domestic cats. (wikipedia.org)
  • Three main clades of FIV are recognized as of 2006, FIV-Ple (lion), FIV-Fca (domestic cat), and FIV-Pco (puma). (wikipedia.org)
Healthy1
  • The role of healthy carrier cats as a source of contamination as well as the role of leptospires as a pathogen in cats likely has been underestimated in the past. (abcdcatsvets.org)
Positive1
  • One cat was tested positive by RT-qPCR on rectal swab. (authorea.com)
Agent1
  • Meloxicam is an approved NSAID for use in cats as an anti-inflammatory, analgesic agent for pain management. (felipedia.org)
Serve1
  • Fleas may also serve as vectors for cat-scratch and other zoonotic diseases. (snapcats.org)
Study1
  • One case study conducted in São Paulo found that 75% of FIV-infected cats were males. (wikipedia.org)