AnatomyDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesNamed GroupsHealth CareGeographicals
CryptorchidismHypospadiasOrchiopexyTestisTesticular HydroceleWomenWomen's HealthUrogenital Surgical ProceduresGenitalia, MaleHeptachlor EpoxideTesticular DiseasesLeydig CellsPregnancyChlordanSeminiferous TubulesInfant, NewbornInfertility, MaleUrogenital AbnormalitiesDenmarkTestosteroneOrganotin CompoundsTesticular NeoplasmsSperm CountScrotumSpermatogenesisEndocrine DisruptorsSertoli CellsPrenatal Exposure Delayed EffectsGonadal DysgenesisMaternal ExposureTrialkyltin CompoundsCohort Studies
TestesHypospadiasBilateralTesticlesPathophysiology of cryptorchidismMales and femalesEndocrineInfertilityTesticular descentGenitalHypogonadismHypoplasiaAbnormalityAffectsHormonesMaldescentExposureAbnormalitiesPregnant womenPrevalence2000Poor semen qualityHormonalDysgenesisPregnancySemenAnomaliesIncidenceGeneticProgesteroneRatsSyndromeVirilizationTestosteroneRiskReproductivePubertyFetalRefersOvulationGenitaliaInfertileNewbornFertilityHuman chorionic goGonadalConditionRegressionOccurCellsOvary
Testes9
  • Cryptorchidism, also known as undescended testis, is the failure of one or both testes to descend into the scrotum. (wikipedia.org)
  • However, about 80% of cryptorchid testes descend by the first year of life (the majority within three months), making the true incidence of cryptorchidism around 1% overall. (wikipedia.org)
  • Anti-Mullerian hormone (Mullerian inhibiting substance) causes regression of the paramesonephric duct (Mullerian duct, which forms the female internal genitalia in XX animals), although testosterone drives the development of the male tubular tract, accessory glands and external genitalia, and together with insulin-like factor 3 (INSL3) the descent of the testes. (scielo.org.za)
  • Cryptorchidism is a condition whereby one or both testes and the associated structures are absent in the scrotum because of a failure of the testes to descend from the pre-natal abdominal position. (scielo.org.za)
  • unusually small penis (micropenis) and undescended testes (cryptorchidism). (nih.gov)
  • The demonstration by researchers that castrated rabbit embryos of both sexes developed as females proved that testes are required for development of the male phenotype in mammals. (medscape.com)
  • The shots are also effective in male children with cryptorchidism, a specific birth problem of the testes. (reliablerxpharmacy.com)
  • The literal meaning of cryptorchidism is hidden testes. (gpnotebook.com)
  • Additionally, cryptorchidism forms a condition wherein testes do not get to the scrotum. (arrowmeds.com)
Hypospadias5
Bilateral4
Testicles10
  • The penis may be small, the testicles undescended (cryptorchidism) or various degrees of "feminization" of the genitals may be present. (encyclopedia.com)
  • Using mild painkillers in pregnancy appears to raise the risk of cryptorchidism (undescended testicles) in baby boys, new EU-funded research suggests. (worldpharmanews.com)
  • Sunderban suffers from cryptorchidism (This is a condition where the testicles sit inside and not outside the male s body). (jvbigcats.co.za)
  • Cryptorchidism means that one or both of a dog's testicles have not descended into the scrotum. (furrycritter.com)
  • Cryptorchidism is diagnosed by palpation of the scrotum and finding the absence of one or both testicles. (furrycritter.com)
  • The term neutering stands for the complete removal of the testicles or ovaries and is used for both female and male dogs. (anicura.de)
  • Diseases such as testicular tumours or cryptorchidism in males (when one or both testicles are in the groin or abdomen) also make neutering medically necessary. (anicura.de)
  • Cryptorchidism is the scientific term for when a dog's testicles (either one or both) do not descend. (petinsurancequotes.com)
  • Cryptorchidism may be presumed to be present if the testicles cannot be felt in the scrotum after two to four months of age. (petinsurancequotes.com)
  • This is when a male dog seems to have female behaviors or the dog does not have testicles yet acts like a male. (petinsurancequotes.com)
Pathophysiology of cryptorchidism1
  • Several potential explanations for the pathophysiology of cryptorchidism have been proposed, including gubernacular abnormalities, reduced intra-abdominal pressures, intrinsic testicular or epididymal abnormalities, and endocrine abnormalities, as well as anatomic anomalies (eg, fibrous bands within the inguinal canal or abnormal arrangement of the cremasteric muscle fibers). (medscape.com)
Males and females6
  • Puberty can be incomplete or delayed in affected males and females. (nih.gov)
  • The pituitary hormones are the same for males and females, but the gonadal hormones are different. (encyclopedia.com)
  • Hence, a person can understand the importance of this drug from its various benefits for both males and females. (arrowmeds.com)
  • For both males and females with hypogonadism, determining whether evidence of a genital abnormality is present at birth or determining the timing and extent of puberty is important. (medscape.com)
  • Although the condition is of course seen only in male dogs, both males and females can carry the gene for cryptorchidism. (furrycritter.com)
  • Heterozygous males and females, and homozygous females, will be physically normal, but can pass the gene on to their offspring. (furrycritter.com)
Endocrine6
  • In fact, a single tablet will, for most women, be at least a doubling of the exposure to the known endocrine disruptors during the pregnancy and that dose comes on a single day, not spread out over nine months as with the environmental endocrine disruptors. (worldpharmanews.com)
  • Thus, for women using mild analgesics during the pregnancy, the mild analgesics will be by far the largest exposure to endocrine disruptors. (worldpharmanews.com)
  • Now recognized as a potent endocrine disruptor capable of distorting fetal development, doctors originally encouraged pregnant women to take DES to prevent miscarriages. (alexanderlaw.com)
  • 2012 Cryptorchidism and endocrine disrupting chemicals . (diethylstilbestrol.co.uk)
  • Endocrine female infertility is a violation of a woman's reproductive function caused by a lack of normal folliculogenesis and ovulation in the ovaries. (clomid-info.com)
  • Despite the variety of clinical and laboratory manifestations, female endocrine infertility is always associated with a violation of the ovulation process: anovulation, luteal phase insufficiency, luteinization syndrome of a non-ovulating follicle. (clomid-info.com)
Infertility15
  • The reduction with unilateral cryptorchidism is subtle, with a reported infertility rate of about 10%, compared with about 6% reported by the same study for the general population of adult men. (wikipedia.org)
  • Infertility is associated with cryptorchidism, and the risk of infertility increases with the degree of maldescent. (medscape.com)
  • HCG for female fertility The most common FDA approved HCG use in an injectable form to treat infertility in women. (reliablerxpharmacy.com)
  • It is prescribed for a variety of conditions like female infertility (ovulation-related), weight loss, and male infertility (related to sperm count). (alldaymed.com)
  • Zyhcg 5000IU Injection is used to treat infertility in women who have not undergone menopause but are unable to conceive due to hormonal imbalances in the body. (alldaymed.com)
  • We describe the clinical case of two childbearing age women with thyroid dysfunction, hypocalcemia, hyperphosphatemia, and high levels of PTH.Case 1: A 34-year-old woman with infertility for 3 years, microprolactinoma treated with low-dose dopamine agonists, autoimmune primary hypothyroidism and obesity. (endocrine-abstracts.org)
  • Additionally, Fertigyn 10000 IU Injection medication is useful for the cure of infertility in females and males. (arrowmeds.com)
  • Also, this injection medicine is the brethren of the genre of sex hormones useful for the cure of female infertility. (arrowmeds.com)
  • Moreover, female infertility starts when a woman cannot conceive after trying for a year. (arrowmeds.com)
  • The hormone injection is top to cure infertility in female folk who have not reached menopause. (arrowmeds.com)
  • Distinguish between female and male infertility. (clomid-info.com)
  • When a combination of female and male factors of infertility occurs, the term "combined infertility" is used. (clomid-info.com)
  • According to statistics, 40-60% of cases of infertility are caused by violations of the reproductive function of women, 5-6% are men, 27-48% are caused by violations in both spouses, and in 5% of cases it is not possible to identify the cause of infertility. (clomid-info.com)
  • Secondary infertility is infertility if a woman has a history of one or more pregnancies (childbirth, abortion, ectopic pregnancy). (clomid-info.com)
  • Relative infertility - a woman and a man are able to have children separately, but with a long life together, their marriage is barren. (clomid-info.com)
Testicular descent2
  • As the knowledge and understanding of the biological process of testicular descent increases it will pave ways to new treatment plans to treat cryptorchidism more effectively. (springeropen.com)
  • To understand the process of testicular descent and cryptorchidism, in this review we focus on the two significant factors, i.e. anatomical and hormonal and how they interplay in this intricate process of descent. (springeropen.com)
Genital3
  • also known as antimüllerian hormone [AMH]), which leads to the regression of the female genital organs. (medscape.com)
  • Until 8 weeks' gestation, the human fetus is undifferentiated sexually and contains both male (wolffian) and female (müllerian) genital structures. (medscape.com)
  • Since a rare anomaly of the female genital tract was defined as uterine and vaginal duplexes with a developmental anomaly at the vaginovestibular junction, it was morphologically examined in detail in a Japanese Brown calf. (go.jp)
Hypogonadism2
  • Kallman's syndrome (KS) is the most frequent cause of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and affects approximately one in 10,000 males and one in 50,000 females. (encyclopedia.com)
  • Besides, Buy Fertigyn 10000 IU online Injection heals male hypogonadism and cryptorchidism. (arrowmeds.com)
Hypoplasia1
Abnormality1
Affects2
  • The disease affects mainly males as females are usually asymptomatic or have only mild symptoms. (orpha.net)
  • Cryptorchidism affects 78-100 percent of male infants [ 6 ]. (cdlib.org)
Hormones5
  • Along with producing eggs and sperm, they produce sex hormones that generate all the differences between men and women. (encyclopedia.com)
  • The organs affected principally by sex hormones are the male and female genitals, both internal and external, and the female breasts. (encyclopedia.com)
  • Unlike other female hormones like progesterone and estrogen, HCG is not always there hanging out in your body in fluctuating amount. (reliablerxpharmacy.com)
  • Studies in rats have suggested that cryptorchidism may be caused by a lack of male sex hormones during a particular period of pregnancy. (worldpharmanews.com)
  • In what is the ultimate act of irony, 25% of Sertoli cell tumors produce female hormones. (petful.com)
Maldescent1
  • Although cryptorchidism nearly always refers to congenital absence or maldescent, a testis observed in the scrotum in early infancy can occasionally "reascend" (move back up) into the inguinal canal. (wikipedia.org)
Exposure5
  • CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest an adverse effect of maternal occupational pesticide exposure on reproductive development in the sons despite current greenhouse safeguards and special measures to protect pregnant women. (cdc.gov)
  • Female pseudohermaphroditism due to placental aromatase deficiency, which has recently been reported by several investigators, illustrates the critical role of placental aromatization in protecting the fetus from excess androgen exposure. (health.am)
  • These results provide little support for an association of cryptorchidism with exposure to low levels of HCE or HCB. (eur.nl)
  • 1982 In utero exposure to diethylstilbestrol: Adverse effects on the reproductive tract and reproductive performance in male and female offspring . (diethylstilbestrol.co.uk)
  • Among cisgender women with available data, 73% reported sexual activity or close intimate contact as the likely route of exposure, with mpox lesions most frequently reported on the legs, arms, and genitals. (bvsalud.org)
Abnormalities5
  • Disorders of sexual development (DSD), formerly termed 'intersex', are congenital abnormalities in the development of chromosomal (abnormalities in XX or XY sex chromosome number or structure), gonadal (testicular, ovarian and ovotesticular DSD, previously termed true hermaphrodite, or dysgenesis) or phenotypic (male or female with abnormalities of tubular and external genitalia) sex. (scielo.org.za)
  • Because of these abnormalities , the external genitalia may not look clearly male or clearly female. (nih.gov)
  • Abnormalities of external genitalia are seen less often in affected females. (nih.gov)
  • Affected individuals may have external genitalia that do not look clearly male or clearly female or other abnormalities of the genitals and reproductive organs. (nih.gov)
  • Congenital structural abnormalities of the UROGENITAL SYSTEM in either the male or the female. (bvsalud.org)
Pregnant women11
  • DESIGN AND MEASUREMENTS: Pregnant women employed in greenhouses in Denmark were consecutively recruited, and 113 mother-son pairs were included. (cdc.gov)
  • We examined the relation between serum levels of the pesticides heptachlor epoxide (HCE), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), and β-hexachlorocyclohexane (β-HCCH) in pregnant women, and the occurrence of cryptorchidism in their sons. (eur.nl)
  • For the human part of the study, the scientists quizzed over 2,000 pregnant women in Denmark and Finland on their use of medication during pregnancy. (worldpharmanews.com)
  • The findings are important because around half of pregnant women in Europe and the US report taking mild painkillers, usually paracetamol. (worldpharmanews.com)
  • On the issue of whether pregnant women should take painkillers or not, Dr Leffers says: "As biologists this is not something we can advise women about. (worldpharmanews.com)
  • So we recommend that pregnant women seek advice from their physician before using mild analgesics and in general follow the advice to use as little medicine during pregnancy as possible. (worldpharmanews.com)
  • Pregnant women are recommended against usage of this drug. (alldaymed.com)
  • Controlled studies in pregnant women show no evidence of fetal risk. (medscape.com)
  • This report includes the guidelines developed by the Panel regarding the use of laboratory testing in initiating and managing antiretroviral therapy, considerations for initiating therapy, whom to treat, what regimen of antiretroviral agents to use, when to change the antiretroviral regimen, treatment of the acutely HIV-infected person, special considerations in adolescents, and special considerations in pregnant women. (cdc.gov)
  • Special considerations apply to adolescents and pregnant women and are discussed in detail. (cdc.gov)
  • From 1945 to 1971, doctors prescribed the drug diethylstilbestrol (DES) to an estimated five million pregnant women in the US. (alexanderlaw.com)
Prevalence4
  • RESULTS: The prevalence of cryptorchidism at 3 months of age was 6.2% [95% confidence interval (CI), 3.0-12.4]. (cdc.gov)
  • Beyond the Nazis, McDonough expresses scepticism concerning the prevalence of female equality in Weimar Germany. (historytoday.com)
  • 5 suggested a significantly higher prevalence of the disorder among females. (bvsalud.org)
  • To describe the prevalence of congenital malformations (CM) at birth in conceptuses (stillbirths and live births) of women hospitalized in institutions located in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. (bvsalud.org)
20002
Poor semen quality1
  • The findings offer an explanation of why cryptorchidism, which is the biggest risk factor for poor semen quality and testicular cancer in later life, is becoming more common. (worldpharmanews.com)
Hormonal1
  • Our aim is to provide a comprehensive review including recent advances which provides thorough coverage of anatomical and hormonal factors in the descent as well as cryptorchidism. (springeropen.com)
Dysgenesis1
Pregnancy5
  • Impaired reproductive development in sons of women occupationally exposed to pesticides during pregnancy. (cdc.gov)
  • women have trouble producing LH, and since it helps in ovulation, it is necessary for pregnancy, HCG can help out here. (reliablerxpharmacy.com)
  • Induction of ovulation and pregnancy in the anovulatory, infertile woman in whom the cause of anovulation is secondary and not due to primary ovarian failure, and who has been appropriately treated with human gonadotropins. (drugs.com)
  • This medicine effectively blocks the natural female hormone, called progesterone, that is needed for your pregnancy to continue. (shresthaglobalpharma.com)
  • In this situation, it is especially important that every woman has the opportunity to get the desired pregnancy. (clomid-info.com)
Semen1
  • The evaluation of breeding ability and libido is only partially possible when collecting semen via artificial vagina or manual stimulation in the presence of a female in estrus. (merckvetmanual.com)
Anomalies1
Incidence2
  • The long-term Texas A&M study did not find similar results about urinary incontinence, and another study in 1992 by Arnold showed a higher incidence of urinary incontinence in female dogs spayed after the first estrus cycle. (aspcapro.org)
  • The relationship between orgasm and age in women, although there are two types of incidence and frequency of intercourse in marriage from which women obtain orgasm. (globalrealdoll.top)
Genetic1
Progesterone1
Rats1
  • female rats normally experience estrus every 4-5 days (go into "heat" at fairly regular times- year round), they do not menstruate (shedding of / expelling blood). (ratguide.com)
Syndrome1
  • Introduction: Psoriasis is not only a skin disease, is a chronic inflammatory disease associated with serious comorbidities: psoriatic arthritis, metabolic syndrome (obesity, dyslipidemia and insulin resistance), Crohn s disease, depression, ocular problems, cardio-vascular diseases (myocardial infarction), cancer.Methods: 1236 patients (male 54.13% and female 45.87%) with psoriasis were seen in an Outpatient Clinic over a period of 8 years (2004. (endocrine-abstracts.org)
Virilization4
  • Any maternal source of elevated androgens can induce virilization in the female fetus. (health.am)
  • A discrepancy between marked virilization in the mother and a minimal androgen effect in female offspring indicates placental aromatase activity, which converts androgens to estrogens, or androgen metabolism, which thus becomes less active. (health.am)
  • A defect in the placental conversion of androgens to estrogens causes virilization in female offspring. (health.am)
  • The enzymatic defects causing female virilization involve 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase Δ5-Δ4 isomerase (3β-HSD), P 450 C21 hydroxylase (21-OH), and P 450 C11 hydroxylase (11-OH). (health.am)
Testosterone4
  • In the absence of aromatase, androgens cannot be converted to estrone, estradiol or estriol, and large quantities of androstenedione and testosterone are transferred to the maternal and fetal circulation, resulting in masculinization of the urogenital sinus and external genitalia of the female fetus. (health.am)
  • Sunderban mates with females, but his stamina is not at the level of other Male Tigers (The cryptorchidism has left Sunderban with low levels of testosterone. (jvbigcats.co.za)
  • Sunderban suffers from cryptorchidism and has low levels of testosterone and his stamina is low. (jvbigcats.co.za)
  • Moreover, this remedy acts by liberating the ova from the female ovary and by amplifying the testosterone ratio in males. (arrowmeds.com)
Risk5
  • Other maternal and perinatal risk factors were not significantly associated with persistent cryptorchidism and did not confound the association with caffeine. (nih.gov)
  • These three pesticides were previously suggested as risk factors for cryptorchidism. (eur.nl)
  • taking any painkiller during this time more than doubled the risk of cryptorchidism, and taking more than one kind of painkiller during the second trimester increased the risk 16-fold. (worldpharmanews.com)
  • Men are at higher risk for developing coronary heart disease or hypertension compared to premenopausal women. (sideload.com)
  • The risk of developing testicular neoplasia is estimated to be approximately ten times greater in dogs with cryptorchidism than in normal dogs. (furrycritter.com)
Reproductive3
  • Female reproductive problems are usually related to complex cycling rhythms gone wrong. (encyclopedia.com)
  • In recent years, there has been a deterioration in reproductive health indicators for both men and women. (clomid-info.com)
  • Continued studies on mpox transmission risks in populations less commonly affected during the outbreak, including cisgender women and pregnant persons, are important to assess and understand the impact of mpox on sexual, reproductive, and overall health. (bvsalud.org)
Puberty1
  • Female problems in puberty are usually not caused by too little estrogen. (encyclopedia.com)
Fetal1
  • Detection of mutations in this gene has confirmed the fundamental role of aromatase for the fetal-placental unit and for sexual differentiation of the female fetus. (health.am)
Refers1
  • Breeding soundness refers to a male's ability to get females pregnant. (merckvetmanual.com)
Ovulation3
  • HCG plays the role of LH in the body and stimulates the ovulation process in infertile women. (alldaymed.com)
  • Moreover, this injection medication can stimulate egg production or ovulation in females and advance sperm manufacture in males. (arrowmeds.com)
  • Additionally, among women, this hormone injection acts by increasing ovulation and follicles. (arrowmeds.com)
Genitalia2
  • Females with this condition have normal genitalia. (medlineplus.gov)
  • CAH is the most frequent cause of androgen excess and ambiguous genitalia in the female newborn and the various forms of CAH are due to defects in the biosynthesis of cortisol, with the subsequent excessive ACTH production leading to an accumulation of adrenal androgens and steroid precursors. (health.am)
Infertile1
  • An estimated 15% of couples meet this criterion and are considered infertile, with approximately 35% due to female factors alone, 30% due to male factors alone, 20% due to a combination of female and male factors, and 15% unexplained. (medscape.com)
Newborn1
  • In the XX newborn, gonads are not palpable, which classically leads to the diagnosis of female pseudohermaphroditism. (health.am)
Fertility4
  • Studies of the mouse counterpart suggest that this gene may be involved in the development of urogenital tract and female fertility. (antibodies-online.com)
  • For women receiving HCG for fertility treatment, it is especially important not to miss a dose, as this fertility treatment's success depends on proper and regular use of this medication. (reliablerxpharmacy.com)
  • If you are a woman receiving HCG for fertility treatment, your doctor will closely monitor your several tests, including blood tests, urine samples, or ultrasounds may be performed to monitor your condition. (reliablerxpharmacy.com)
  • The BSE is not a direct evaluation of fertility: this can be confirmed only by successful production of offspring after the male breeds a proven fertile female. (merckvetmanual.com)
Human chorionic go1
Gonadal1
  • High serum FSH, indicating primary gonadal failure in women. (drugs.com)
Condition2
Regression1
  • At the same time, Sertoli cells secrete Müllerian inhibiting factor that induces regression of Müllerian ducts that in females would differentiate into the uterus. (e-kjgm.org)
Occur2
  • Female is the default sex of the embryo, so most of the sex organ deficits at birth occur in boys. (encyclopedia.com)
  • These processes for sex determination do not occur in females in the absence of SRY . (e-kjgm.org)
Cells1
  • Plus, this component comes from the placental cells of childbearing women. (arrowmeds.com)
Ovary1
  • Tumors of the hypothalamus or pituitary gland and ovary, breast, or uterus in females and breast or prostate in males. (drugs.com)