• While midwives are probably best known for their care of women during pregnancy and childbirth, midwives also provide personalized, expert care throughout a woman's lifespan from adolescence through menopause. (limamemorial.org)
  • We provide care for women throughout the life span, from early adolescence through pregnancy, menopause, and beyond. (rochester.edu)
  • Women who smoke have lower levels of estrogen compared to nonsmokers, and they often go through menopause earlier. (daviddarling.info)
  • Center for Menstrual Cycle Research Canadian Resource Website with information on the menstrual cycle from adolescence to menopause. (fairhavenhealth.com)
  • Hormones can fluctuate at other times besides adolescence, including pregnancy, menopause, or during menstrual periods. (doctorshealthpress.com)
  • She sees patients in both Boulder and Erie, caring for women in every stage of life-from adolescence and pregnancy to menopause and beyond. (bch.org)
  • Menopause has many different phases and causes different, unique symptoms in every woman. (bannerhealth.com)
  • As a board-certified obstetrician/gynecologist (OB/GYN), Dr. Shea specializes in the full spectrum of health care for women, from adolescence to menopause. (azkrmc.com)
  • She\u0027s an advocate for women\u0027s health with a particular interest in problems related to adolescence, pregnancy, osteoporosis, and menopause. (trinityhealth.org)
  • These findings demonstrate that exposure to FLX during adolescence modulates responsiveness to emotion-eliciting stimuli in adulthood, at least partially, via long-lasting adaptations in ERK-related signaling within the VTA. (jneurosci.org)
  • improving the health of babies and children as they grow into adolescence and adulthood. (who.int)
  • The comorbidity is most common in childhood, less so in adolescence, and lowest in adulthood. (bipolarnews.org)
  • Based on 92 studies including a total of 17,089 individuals, the prevalence of ADHD in people with bipolar disorder is 73% in childhood, 43% in adolescence, and 17% in adulthood. (bipolarnews.org)
  • Data from 52 studies with 16,897 individuals indicated that prevalence of ADHD in major depressive disorder is 28% in childhood, 17% in adolescence, and 7% in adulthood. (bipolarnews.org)
  • In a meta-analysis published in the journal JAMA Psychiatry in 2019, researcher Gabriella Gobbi and colleagues analyzed findings from 11 studies including a total of 23,317 participants and found that cannabis use in adolescence (before age 18) was associated with a significantly increased risk of depression, suicidality, and suicide attempts in young adulthood (between 18 and 32 years of age). (bipolarnews.org)
  • Adolescence (from Latin adolescere 'to mature') is a transitional stage of physical and psychological development that generally occurs during the period from puberty to adulthood (typically corresponding to the age of majority ). (wikipedia.org)
  • Poor iron status during adolescence is linked to poor cognitive development into adulthood, so this nutrient needs particular attention in the formerly trafficked population. (ennonline.net)
  • At Banner Health, we're dedicated to helping women through every age and stage of their lives - from adolescence to adulthood. (bannerhealth.com)
  • Many women start seeing a gynecologist starting in their early teens and continue to do so through adulthood. (bannerhealth.com)
  • The body's demand for calcium is greater during childhood and adolescence, when the skeleton is growing rapidly, and during pregnancy and breast-feeding. (daviddarling.info)
  • Calcium needs are greater during childhood and adolescence because of the large increase in skeletal growth. (ennonline.net)
  • A certified nurse midwife is an advanced practice nurse with special training in pregnancy, birth and gynecologic care. (springfieldclinic.com)
  • Some women may be faced with a gynecologic condition such as endometriosis or ovarian cysts at some point in their lives. (bannerhealth.com)
  • You can count on Banner Health for all your female gynecologic health needs throughout your life. (bannerhealth.com)
  • Pelvic Examination For gynecologic care, a woman should choose a health care practitioner with whom she can comfortably discuss sensitive topics, such as sex, birth control, pregnancy, and problems related to. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Such interventions should be integrated into existing women, maternal, child and adolescent health services and beyond. (who.int)
  • However, it does add biological evidence to support a previous Canadian study that found an association between maternal cannabis use in pregnancy and an increased incidence of ASD in offspring. (healthnews.com)
  • Maternal cannabis use in pregnancy and child neurodevelopmental outcomes. (healthnews.com)
  • Using data from the Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome (HAPO) study and HAPO Follow-up study, Perak and a team of colleagues from Northwestern and Lurie Children's Hospital designed their study with the hope of assessing how maternal cardiovascular health during pregnancy might be associated with offspring cardiovascular health in adolescence. (hcplive.com)
  • During pregnancy, mothers had a mean maternal cardiovascular health score of 8.6 out of 10. (hcplive.com)
  • 2 Although research has pointed to the influence of rapid environmental and behavioral changes, 2 as well as possible genetic contributors, 3 recent attention has also been directed at the possible role of diabetic pregnancies (gestational diabetes mellitus [GDM] and pre-existing maternal T2DM) in this epidemic. (aphapublications.org)
  • At a population level, the proportion of infants with a low birth weight is an indicator of a multifaceted public health problem that includes long-term maternal malnutrition, ill-health and poor health care in pregnancy. (who.int)
  • Our results show that macroenvironmental factors have a marked impact on maternal and child health, especially among women with lower socioeconomic status. (who.int)
  • Prenatal cannabis exposure associated with mental disorders in children that persist into early adolescence. (healthnews.com)
  • The Philippines has one of the highest teenage pregnancy rates among ASEAN member-states, with more than 182,500 adolescent girls either becoming pregnant or giving birth every year, which is higher than the average adolescent birth globally and regionally, according to data from the United Nations Population Fund (UNPF). (businessmirror.com.ph)
  • Diabetes in Women provides detailed guidelines on diagnosis, prevention, and management, and includes insightful discussions of gestational diabetes and obstetric complications, as well as prenatal diagnosis of abnormal fetal growth and congenital malformations round out the coverage. (chipsbooks.com)
  • Data collected between March 2002 and February 2003 from 701 women in a public family planning clinic and 671 women in a public prenatal clinic in New Orleans were analyzed to examine factors underlying intendedness (including attitudes toward pregnancy and motivations to achieve or avoid pregnancy). (guttmacher.org)
  • This study is among the first to provide evidence of an adverse association of prenatal exposure to a chemical mixture with cognitive flexibility in adolescence. (cdc.gov)
  • First, prenatal and early life perspectives on nutrition and obesity from gestation to experiences influence the trajectory of weight into adult- adolescence. (cdc.gov)
  • Specifically, Trussell and colleagues 1 have demonstrated that a considerable proportion of women who experience contraceptive failure report being happy or very happy with the outcome, which the women called intended. (guttmacher.org)
  • Conventional measures of pregnancy intendedness do not reflect the multiple factors affecting a woman's pregnancy-related intentions and attitudes. (guttmacher.org)
  • 4 Qualitative studies, too, have demonstrated that pregnancy intendedness is not a simple construct, and that multiple factors affect a woman's prior or current intentions and attitudes. (guttmacher.org)
  • For this reason the 1,000 days between a woman's pregnancy and her child's second birthday offers a unique window of opportunity to shape a healthier and better future. (hemocue.com)
  • Specifically programs and approaches with proven results and a solid evidence base that offer women and their families social and medical supports throughout preconception, pregnancy, and motherhood. (michiganradio.org)
  • Such seeming contradictions have led to discussions of the meaning and measurement of pregnancy intendedness, including whether inconsistencies between women's behavior and intentions reflect ambivalence toward the transition to motherhood, 2 ambivalence toward a partner or partnership plans, 3 or problems with retrospective measurement of pregnancy intentions. (guttmacher.org)
  • Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as glucose intolerance of variable degree with onset or first recognition during pregnancy. (medscape.com)
  • Gestational diabetes mellitus accounts for 90% of cases of diabetes mellitus in pregnancy, while preexisting type 2 diabetes accounts for 8% of such cases. (medscape.com)
  • The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommends screening for gestational diabetes mellitus after 24 weeks of pregnancy. (medscape.com)
  • Women with prediabetes identified before pregnancy should be considered at extremely high risk for developing gestational diabetes mellitus during pregnancy. (medscape.com)
  • In humans, low protein intake by women in late but intrauterine exposure was (20). (cdc.gov)
  • With hormonal changes in adolescence and pregnancy, they may become darker and larger. (mayoclinic.org)
  • Although acne is most common during adolescence, it can occur at any age due to hormonal changes. (doctorshealthpress.com)
  • Axillary or inguinal freckles are rarely present at birth, but appear during childhood through adolescence. (medscape.com)
  • Similarly, female partners of men treated for testicular cancer experience lower pregnancy and live birth rates. (cancer.org.au)
  • The treatment of cancer in pre-menopausal women of child bearing age is associated with decreased pregnancy and live birth rates. (cancer.org.au)
  • The treatment of cancer in men, especially those treated in childhood, is associated with decreased pregnancy and live birth rates for their female partners. (cancer.org.au)
  • For most women, chloasma fades within 3-6 months after the birth of the baby. (huggies.com.au)
  • 11 Women with untreated depression during pregnancy are at risk for developing severe postpartum depression and suicidality, and of delivering premature or low birth-weight infants. (ncqa.org)
  • Birth control can affect women differently and there are several options to choose from. (bannerhealth.com)
  • Women who used and did not use marijuana and cigarettes volunteered to participate during their pregnancy, and their children, now between the ages of 17 and 20 years, have been assessed since birth. (cmaj.ca)
  • Scoliosis can be present at birth or can develop during adolescence. (msdmanuals.com)
  • In areas of moderate to intense Plasmodium falciparum transmission, malaria in pregnancy remains a significant cause of low birth weight, stillbirth, and severe anaemia. (cdc.gov)
  • Another study found pregnancy has been associated with low birth weight, a that smoking during the 12 months before birth of a child marker of risk for obesity and other metabolic disorders was associated with adolescent overweight (21). (cdc.gov)
  • As expected, adolescent pregnancy rate was 10.2% in 1993 but it decreased to 4% by mothers are at higher risk of adverse birth outcomes, 2018 ( 7 ). (who.int)
  • Although the rate of adolescent pregnancy has such as premature birth and low birthweight, because decreased over the years, it is still important when the they usually have worse antenatal care and conditions resultant health and social problems are considered. (who.int)
  • Unintended pregnancy is associated with poor health outcomes for mothers and infants, and is indicative of gaps in family planning services. (guttmacher.org)
  • One indicator of these gaps that is of great interest to program planners and policymakers is the proportion of pregnancies reported as unintended, because unintended pregnancies are associated with increased risks of negative health outcomes for the mother and the child. (guttmacher.org)
  • Reproductive outcomes following a stem cell transplant for a haematological malignancy in female cancer survivors: a systematic review and meta-analysis. (cancer.org.au)
  • Perinatal depression refers to minor and major depression episodes during pregnancy and/or the first 12 months after childbirth and is a common condition that affects functional outcomes both for affected women and for their families. (ncqa.org)
  • Our approach hinges on our ability to identify diseases early on and effect better health outcomes for women, no matter the age. (businessmirror.com.ph)
  • These typically have the Adolescent pregnancy can result in lifetime health worst outcomes. (who.int)
  • Here, we assessed the long-term effects of exposure to fluoxetine (FLX), a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, during adolescence on behavioral reactivity to emotion-eliciting stimuli. (jneurosci.org)
  • Hormones play an organizational role, priming the body to behave in a certain way once puberty begins, [14] and an active role, referring to changes in hormones during adolescence that trigger behavioral and physical changes. (wikipedia.org)
  • CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that early SHS exposure, in utero or during infancy, influences the development of allergic disease up to adolescence. (lu.se)
  • infancy, childhood, and adolescence that may lead to Therefore, examining childhood nutrition and obesity from -- or prevent -- obesity. (cdc.gov)
  • Since adolescence, the patient had experienced lower abdominal complaints, including menstrual irregularities, urinary symptoms, and unspecific vaginal discharge. (cdc.gov)
  • Women in particular are prone to getting pimples on their chests just before their menstrual periods. (doctorshealthpress.com)
  • In a study using pregnant monkeys, researchers found that Cannabis use during pregnancy could potentially affect fetal brain development leading to changes associated with neurobiological disorders like autism and ADHD. (healthnews.com)
  • However, their latest work, published on July 6 in Clinical Epigenetics , revealed that THC exposure during pregnancy alters the placental and fetal epigenome, causing changes consistent with neurobehavioral conditions like autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). (healthnews.com)
  • This was the first study to suggest that smoking tension and vascular defects (8,9), altered fetal pancreatic during pregnancy is linked to adverse changes in the lipo- development and structure (10), altered glucose tolerance protein levels of children (19). (cdc.gov)
  • A recent technical literature review (Lisemby, 2015) highlights a gap in research regarding the health needs of formerly trafficked female children and adolescents, with a specific focus on the Southeast Asian population. (ennonline.net)
  • Childbearing in adolescence can seriously impact the health of both the mother and child, as well as limiting educational attainment and employment opportunities for teen moms, which has a ripple effect on the country's economic development.A comprehensive sex education program, along with improved access to counseling, contraceptives, and healthcare services for adolescents, will be vital to ending unplanned teenage pregnancies. (businessmirror.com.ph)
  • Introduction to Problems in Adolescents For most children, adolescence is a period of good physical health. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Faculty of on the impact of family planning on pregnancy prevention in adolescents. (bvsalud.org)
  • Most people have 10 to 40 moles that appear during childhood and adolescence and may change in appearance or fade over time. (mayoclinic.org)
  • Our clinic's eight certified nurse-midwives are experts in normal pregnancy and childbirth, advocating for and supporting each woman, remaining present for and patient with the labor process. (samhealth.org)
  • Men as well as women are affected by osteoporosis, a disease that can be prevented and treated. (daviddarling.info)
  • For hormonal reasons, significant osteoporosis is much more common in women than in men. (daviddarling.info)
  • Puberty typically begins during preadolescence , particularly in females. (wikipedia.org)
  • As a female goes through puberty, her weight and height increases, skeletal growth is completed, bone mass increases and the body begins to change in composition. (ennonline.net)
  • Physical Growth During adolescence (usually considered age 10 to the late teens), boys and girls reach adult height and weight and undergo sexual maturation ( puberty). (msdmanuals.com)
  • The mechanisms underlying the enduring neurobiological consequences of antidepressant exposure during adolescence are poorly understood. (jneurosci.org)
  • Though reports suggest some people use the drug to help tame morning sickness, 2022 research found links between cannabis exposure during pregnancy and an increased rate of depression, anxiety, and other mental health conditions in children . (healthnews.com)
  • To investigate this further, Oregon Health & Science University researchers conducted a study using rhesus monkeys to determine whether exposure to THC during pregnancy had long-term health effects on offspring. (healthnews.com)
  • During pregnancy, these are the primary hormones which cause the widespread changes which are necessary to support a baby towards maturity. (huggies.com.au)
  • Not that most women are aware of changes in the colour of their cervix or even labia for that matter, but hormones do cause a change all the same. (huggies.com.au)
  • Once the diagnosis of diabetes is established in a pregnant woman, continued testing for glycemic control and diabetic complications is indicated for the remainder of the pregnancy. (medscape.com)
  • 12 Postpartum depression hinders important caregiving activities and infant attachment and bonding, which can lead to developmental disorders that last into adolescence. (ncqa.org)
  • tiny veins may start appearing on your cheeks and chest, and for some reason you feel as if you're revisiting your adolescence when pimples start appearing out of nowhere. (huggies.com.au)
  • has been confirmed as the causative agent of septic abortion by ultrastructural and genetic analysis of isolates from women with previous contact with sheep ( 6 - 8 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Her medical record showed two uncomplicated pregnancies, followed by an aseptic abortion in the second trimester, a further uncomplicated pregnancy, and two first-trimester miscarriages. (cdc.gov)
  • [ 1 , 2 ] A study by Stuebe et al found this condition to be associated with persistent metabolic dysfunction in women at 3 years after delivery, separate from other clinical risk factors. (medscape.com)
  • Factors contributing to unintended teenage pregnancies, include limited access to contraception poverty, and healthcare, cultural and social norms, and gender inequality. (businessmirror.com.ph)
  • 5 ). Globally, 13% of all births are by women aged 15-19 mass index, antenatal care and nutrition are risk factors years in emerging countries ( 6 ). (who.int)
  • In an effort to better capture the multiple dimensions that affect intendedness, Cycle 5 of the National Survey of Family Growth (NSFG), conducted in 1995, included measures of pregnancy wantedness, happiness to be pregnant, feelings about getting pregnant and partner's pregnancy intentions. (guttmacher.org)
  • It supports normal growth and development during pregnancy, childhood, and adolescence. (glutenfreeworks.com)
  • During adolescence, nutrient needs are higher than at any other time in life and full growth potential can only be reached through optimum nutrition. (ennonline.net)
  • Iron needs for females increase with the start of menstruation because of rapid growth and the expansion of blood volume and muscle mass. (ennonline.net)
  • Folic acid (folate) needs are higher during adolescence because it is necessary for protein synthesis, which is increased during times of growth. (ennonline.net)
  • Investing in preventing anemia during adolescence is critical for adolescent girls themselves as well as for the survival, growth and development of their children later in life. (hemocue.com)
  • The most common problems during adolescence relate to Growth and development School Childhood illnesses that continue into. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Because inflammatory changes do not occur in the fetus until after the first trimester of pregnancy, organogenesis is unaffected. (medscape.com)
  • It disproportionately affects children and women of reproductive age with far-reaching health consequences such as cognitive dysfunction and an inability to reach their full potential. (hemocue.com)
  • There is so much more that we can do for girls, women, and their reproductive health," adds Jørgensen. (businessmirror.com.ph)
  • We will continue to work towards building a more just and equitable society where women and girls are empowered to make informed decisions about their sexual and reproductive health, so they can plan their futures accordingly and achieve their full potential. (businessmirror.com.ph)
  • In the first stage, controlled descriptors were used, in Portuguese and English, associated with the OR and AND In 2019, the world population of women of reproductive operators: (family planning OR family planning programs) age (15 to 49 years) was estimated at 1.9 billion people. (bvsalud.org)
  • Organon Philippines, together with the Family Planning Organization of the Philippines (FPOP) and the International Planned Parenthood Federation (IPPF), mounts an event titled "Addressing Adolescent and Unintended Pregnancies Summit" on September 15, 2023, at Novotel Manila Araneta City. (businessmirror.com.ph)
  • The multi-year effort, which will run from 2023 to 2025, includes significant investments, collaborations, and programs that aim to reduce unplanned pregnancies by addressing inequities and empowering women and girls to plan their futures. (businessmirror.com.ph)
  • According to target 2.2 in Global Goal 2 on Zero Hunger, the stated aim is to eradicate "all forms of malnutrition" and it mentions specific population subgroups including children under 5, adolescent girls, pregnant and lactating women, as well as older people. (hemocue.com)
  • Dr. White recommends a few different strategies clinicians can implement to help encourage a healthy lifestyle, reduce the risk of diabetes or other co-morbid conditions, and propose means of expansion to provide improved care for female patients with obesity. (reachmd.com)
  • As clinical trials continue and new research is released, we can continue shifting our way of thinking and find improved ways to reduce the risk of diabetes and obesity in our female patients. (reachmd.com)
  • The recommendation applies to asymptomatic women with no previous diagnosis of type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus. (medscape.com)
  • 11), altered liver structure and function (12), altered naire data from 8,765 children aged 5 to 7 years, smoking gene expression (13), and possibly type 2 diabetes mel- after pregnancy was not associated with childhood obesity litus (10). (cdc.gov)
  • Because of the potential health effects, the FDA strongly advises against using any form of cannabidiol (CBD), tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), and cannabis during pregnancy or while breastfeeding. (healthnews.com)
  • Study finds increased cannabis use during pregnancy. (healthnews.com)
  • New patient appointments are now being scheduled for adolescent and adult women at the practice's locations in Hammond and Walker. (northoaks.org)
  • Samaritan Obstetrics & Gynecology features midwives and doctors working together to offer patients the best of both worlds - woman and family-centered care with advanced expertise for complex situations. (samhealth.org)
  • Policies and programs to improve preconception health and reduce unintended pregnancies should be implemented and sustained statewide. (michiganradio.org)
  • Moreover, by assisting women to make informed and considered decisions about their fertility and their health, preconception care could contribute to the social and economic development of families and communities. (who.int)
  • New research from Northwestern Medicine suggests the cardiovascular health of a mother during her first pregnancy could offer insight into the long-term health of her children. (hcplive.com)
  • Erin Lisemby is a registered dietitian/nutritionist currently working with the US Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children (WIC) mobile outreach programme. (ennonline.net)
  • A thorough review of the research by The European Food Safety Authority released in 2013 concluded that aspartame is safe for the general population including infants, children and pregnant women. (aspartame.org)
  • Adolescent Development During adolescence, children become young adults. (msdmanuals.com)
  • In February 2001, a 39-year-old woman was admitted to the district hospital of Dornbirn, Vorarlberg, Austria, for chronic abdominal pain, increased vaginal discharge, and unusually heavy menses. (cdc.gov)
  • Sandals are a common footwear worn by Chadian women. (wikipedia.org)
  • Dermatoses papulosa nigra are more common among Black women. (mayoclinic.org)
  • Skin changes during pregnancy are common and although most of them can be grouped into the category of normal, it's still useful to have some understanding of what causes them and what you can to limit them. (huggies.com.au)
  • Aspartame is broken down in the body to the same components (phenylalanine, aspartic acid and methanol) eaten daily in common diets by pregnant and breast feeding women. (aspartame.org)
  • At Lima Memorial Alliance OB-GYN , our physicians and Certified Nurse Midwives collaborate to provide women with personalized care plans. (limamemorial.org)
  • WHO WHO has provided technical and financial support for the introduction and roll out the HPV vaccine amongst girls aged 9-14 years in response to prevention of cervical cancer which is the leading cancer in the country in women aged 15-44 years. (who.int)
  • Amnesty International has reported that "The widespread insecurity in eastern Chad had particularly severe consequences for women, who suffered grave human rights abuses, including rape, during attacks on villages" by Janjawid militia from Sudan. (wikipedia.org)
  • So, we tend to focus, at Johns Hopkins, on the severe end of things, so where hepatitis E causes serious illness and death in pregnant women, and obviously those very serious cases are what we're most concerned about. (cdc.gov)
  • Chebe powder is a hair-care product used by rural women of the Basara Arab ethnic group in Chad. (wikipedia.org)
  • Midwifery care encompasses a full range of primary care services for women throughout their lifespan. (limamemorial.org)
  • The female role is at least a double one: women have the primary charge for reproduction and the care of their own offspring, and often care for the parental or grandchild generation as well. (nationalacademies.org)
  • They can care for women from adolescence throughout their lifespans, as well as care for pregnant people. (springfieldclinic.com)
  • Obstetricians care for women during their pregnancy, deliver babies and provide care just after the baby is born. (bannerhealth.com)
  • Learn more about Banner's Well-Woman Care program. (bannerhealth.com)
  • He provides pregnancy and delivery care -performing office visits, annual exams, and surgeries such as hysterectomy and cesarean section. (azkrmc.com)
  • Improving respectful maternity care can be part of multilevel strategies to reduce pregnancy-related deaths. (cdc.gov)
  • or weight), and 3) reasons for holding back from communicating questions or concerns during maternity (pregnancy or delivery) care. (cdc.gov)
  • CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR PUBLIC HEALTH PRACTICE: Approximately one in five women reported mistreatment during maternity care. (cdc.gov)
  • Anemia during adolescence influences women's entire life cycle since anemic girls will have lower pre pregnancy iron stores. (hemocue.com)
  • Alternatively, for high-risk women or in areas in which the prevalence of insulin resistance is 5% or higher (eg, the southwestern and southeastern United States), a 1-step approach can be used by proceeding directly to the 100-g, 3-hour OGTT. (medscape.com)
  • Melanin is responsible for the colour of our skin and women with darker or olive skin tend to be more affected by Chloasma. (huggies.com.au)
  • Many women also find their moles become darker during pregnancy as well, due to the overall increase in Melanin production. (huggies.com.au)
  • What can we be doing to stop in obesity epidemic in women? (reachmd.com)
  • Taking a tailored approach to weight management can help reduce the risk of obesity in female patients. (reachmd.com)
  • In early childhood, feed- mental susceptibilities for obesity from gestation through ing practices, taste acquisition, and eating in the absence adolescence (Table). (cdc.gov)