• This paper presents case studies, conclusions and informed opinions on risks versus benefits from researchers at the Tuskegee University College of Veterinary Medicine, international canine behavior experts, practicing veterinarians, animal welfare organizations, professional dog trainers, sport dog enthusiasts and others who have tested and observed the effects of electronic training devices on dogs in shelters and laboratories, on farms and in other real-world settings. (sitmeanssit.com)
  • The dog ethogram compiled by Lindsay (2001) provides "…an abbreviated catalog of significant functional systems and species-typical behavior patterns" and can be useful to the canine behavior consultant when assessing a dogs behavior problem. (responsibledog.net)
  • In this review, drawing on findings from behavioral economics and neuroeconomics, we firstly identify decision contexts in which emotion overrides reason to influence human behaviors and then discuss how cognition regulates emotion as well as how emotion and cognition cooperate to influence decisions. (frontiersin.org)
  • Green, professor of psychology and of economics and director of undergraduate studies in the Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, is being honored for distinguished contributions to the fields of behavioral economics and behavior analysis, particularly for characterizing discounting rewards as a function of time and risk. (wustl.edu)
  • They would be accused of committing a major scientific sin, namely, anthropomorphism, if they empathized with their research subjects or thought animals share emotions, social strategies, or cognitive abilities with humans (e.g. (springer.com)
  • 2017 ). These discoveries would have been impossible without careful self-examination of our own behaviors, societies, and cognitive abilities. (springer.com)
  • As an executive function, it is a cognitive process that is necessary for regulating one's behavior in order to achieve specific goals. (doctor-now.it)
  • Wolfgang K hler gained fame with his studies on cognitive processing involved in problem-solving by animals. (authorscalendar.info)
  • Behavior , Journal of Theoretical Biology , and Cognitive Science. (researchgate.net)
  • The behavior revolving around alloparental care is more or less the same among species. (wikipedia.org)
  • Behavior is the center of alloparenting and without parental care, many species young would not survive. (wikipedia.org)
  • 2003. Recent speciation in the Indo-West Pacific: Rapid evolution of gamete recognition and sperm morphology in cryptic species of sea urchin. (scielo.br)
  • Hence, IUCN classified it as a Critically Endangered species in 1996. (nerdycaterpillar.com)
  • Despite being the largest primate species, they are one of the most endangered animals in the world. (nerdycaterpillar.com)
  • It seems rather extreme to have evolved a hardwired anxiety for spiders to combat a few, widely-scattered species. (koryoswrites.com)
  • First, a behavior consultant should have a clear understanding of what normal behavior patterns are for any particular species and that normal behavior may be expressed inappropriately depending on the environment. (responsibledog.net)
  • An ethogram provides a compilation of a species normal functional systems and behavior patterns. (responsibledog.net)
  • Pierce describes the thesis as "superb," representing "the most comprehensive hypothesis to date for the evolution of North American species of Malacosoma. (harvard.edu)
  • I anticipated that the signals of gray whale suction feeding behavior would be different from the signals of lunge and ram filtration feeding performed by other species of baleen whales ( Figure 2 ). (oregonstate.edu)
  • In other animals such as whales, birds, and Indian free-range dogs these behaviors may be feeding/ regurgitating food, giving warmth, and guarding. (wikipedia.org)
  • A little more than a month ago, I successfully defended my thesis research where I used the data from minimally invasive high-resolution accelerometry suction cup tags deployed by the GEMM Lab to estimate the relative energetic cost of different foraging behaviors ( see my first blog ) of Pacific Coast Feeding Group (PCFG) gray whales that forage during summer months off the coast of Oregon. (oregonstate.edu)
  • I used the data from these tags to achieve two research objectives relating to 1) describing foraging behavior of PCFG gray whales and 2) estimating the relative energetic cost of these behaviors. (oregonstate.edu)
  • My first research objective was to quantitatively describe the foraging behaviors of PCFG gray whales. (oregonstate.edu)
  • These quantitative descriptions exist for other baleen whale foraging behaviors, such as the lunge feeding behavior of rorqual whales (e.g., humpback, fin, and blue whales) where large mouthfuls of prey are engulfed, or the ram filtration feeding of bowhead and right whales where water is filtered for prey as the whale swims along with its mouth open. (oregonstate.edu)
  • 2009). However, gray whales are the only baleen whales to use suction feeding behavior where the whale rolls to one side and sucks up water to filter for prey. (oregonstate.edu)
  • Beyond describing side preferences when performing suction feeding (Woodward & Winn, 2006), this unique foraging behavior of gray whales lacks quantitative descriptions. (oregonstate.edu)
  • 2009). The right panel indicates the hypothesized importance of body position variables when quantitatively describing the unique suction feeding behavior of gray whales (my thesis). (oregonstate.edu)
  • A survey of current literature from canine behaviorists, psychologists and veterinary researchers suggests that many behavioral problems other than aggression, fears and anxiety-related behaviors may be addressed by the appropriate use of electronic training devices. (sitmeanssit.com)
  • The knowledgeable behavior consultant will be able to sort out the many behavior problems that may be as insignificant as nuisance behavior i.e. barking, jumping, chewing and digging along with more serious behavior problems such as aggression and compulsive disorders. (responsibledog.net)
  • this requires the behavior consultant to instruct through education so an effective understanding can be reached along with taking into consideration how the behavior may influence the human-dog relationship specifically in cases of aggression. (responsibledog.net)
  • Animal models especially invertebrates (e.g., fruit flies, nematodes, and earthworms are inexpensive, require less ethical concerns, and are therefore noncontroversial) are crucial to understanding mechanisms that underlie biological processes. (hindawi.com)
  • I note some examples of microbial behaviors and mechanisms that fit the cosmopolitan criteria. (effectivealtruism.org)
  • Quantitative descriptions of foraging behaviors for different baleen whale feeding mechanisms. (oregonstate.edu)
  • wrote that as late as 1930, most textbooks still emphasized non-Darwinian mechanisms of evolution. (rationalwiki.org)
  • It is only concerned with denying or downplaying the "Darwinian" mechanisms of evolution, such as natural selection or sexual selection . (rationalwiki.org)
  • 1), who in 2001 rabies occurred in both domestic animals and wildlife. (cdc.gov)
  • Second, the behavior consultant should consider a clients "…cultural and personal preferences and normative judgments" since they may impact the client's "attitudes and expectations, scientific understanding, societal mores [customs] about animal behavior, and costs…associated with the dog's behavior" (Lindsay, 2001). (responsibledog.net)
  • Lindsay (2001) uses this phrase to highlight what may create more problem than will be resolved when trying to help dog owners' deal with problem behavior. (responsibledog.net)
  • Additionally, Lindsay (2001) cautions "naming and classifying behavior problems as diagnostic entities" may give undue credit to our understanding and ability to accurately diagnose problem behavior, because "…many behavior problems remain to be elucidated [and]…most of the behavioral protocols commonly used to treat them have not been scientifically tested or validated. (responsibledog.net)
  • In most instances, dogs are given adequate care and attention but in cases of serious behavior problems conflicts may compete overshadowing the positive aspects of dog ownership (Lindsay, 2001). (responsibledog.net)
  • Every animal group and system is being scrutinized revealing levels of biological organization from developmental/functional molecules to organs to systems to organisms. (hindawi.com)
  • There could be included many underlying reasons for the development of a behavior problem including, biological and physiological factors, dysfunctional social and environmental influences, deprivation and trauma, inappropriate play and inadvertent reinforcement. (responsibledog.net)
  • According to Bowler, non-Darwinian theories of evolution were widely accepted in the late 19th century and focused attention on conceptual issues that have now been reopened by evolutionary developmental biology . (rationalwiki.org)
  • Most shrubs originated in eastern Asia, were introduced in the 19th century, have animal-dispersed fruit, reproduce vegetatively, are at least partially shade-tolerant, and tolerate a wide range of soils. (eaglehill.us)
  • 3. A mature science that explains how the mind / brain works and how it produces the behavior we observe will not refer to the commonsense intentional states and processes invoked by folk psychology. (uncommondescent.com)
  • Recently, he published "Albert Einstein's Inverse Omega: Considering Education from the Perspective of Evolution of the Brain (Evolutionary Pedagogy)" (winner of Papyrus Award, Bungeishunju Ltd. (hitachi.com)
  • In 1958, Howard E. Evans, an American entomologist who produced important work on the subject of insect behaviour and evolution, proposed an ethocline, in which he described the progressive change in the pattern of behaviour of closely related organisms. (ancasta.pl)
  • He studies the mathematics of collective animal behaviour, social dynamics and mathematical biology. (lu.se)
  • David is the author of S occermatics and Outnumbered, which have been translated into ten languages, and Collective Animal Behaviour , the leading text in the academic field he helped create. (lu.se)
  • His tests in Tenerife in the 1910s with chimpanzees suggested that these animals solved problems by understanding - like human beings, they are capable of insight learning, the "aha! (authorscalendar.info)
  • Understanding the behavior of small particles, the properties of filter media and their interactions led to the first particulate respirator. (cdc.gov)
  • Understanding the precipitating stimuli (antecedents) and significance (consequence) the behavior may serve the animal may all be necessary in determining a plan for intervention. (responsibledog.net)
  • Cart Anyone that's interested in understanding ants needs to understand their evolution, and how they've changed over the years to become what they are today. (ancasta.pl)
  • 4 Civilizations synonyms that start with letter F. It uses mathematics, physics, and chemistry in order to explain their origin and evolution. (doctor-now.it)
  • Given their shared evolutionary history with humans, nonhuman primates play an exceptional role in the study of animal behavior, ecology, and evolution. (springer.com)
  • Trends Ecology and Evolution, 22: 148-155. (scielo.br)
  • This chapter describes basic principles of ecology and evolution for waterborne viruses, bacteria, and protozoa (and yeasts and molds to a lesser extent) of public health concern as an aid to better understand how selective forces may alter one's ability to assess the microbial quality of water. (nationalacademies.org)
  • McKneally's thesis investigates evolutionary relationships of North American tent caterpillars, a group that shows social behaviors that are among the most complex of the butterflies and moths. (harvard.edu)
  • Bowler, who has written The Eclipse of Darwinism: anti-Darwinian evolutionary theories in the decades around 1900 (1983), has described a period called the eclipse of Darwinism which discusses the state of affairs prior to the neo-Darwinian synthesis , when evolution was widely accepted in scientific circles, but relatively few biologists believed that natural selection was its primary mechanism. (rationalwiki.org)
  • The reason for the peculiar wildlife behavior is actually more humanlike than you might imagine. (wjbf.com)
  • pathogens are found to be of animal origin. (cdc.gov)
  • Many microorganisms that are pathogenic to humans and animals enter ambient waters after import from various point and diffuse sources. (nationalacademies.org)
  • It argues that the boundaries between humans and animals were porous. (mdpi.com)
  • Past efforts to develop and implement indicators of waterborne pathogens have often given little or no consideration to the role of evolution in the ecology and natural history of waterborne pathogens of public health concern. (nationalacademies.org)
  • Captive animals are often fed a diet which may not accurately reflect the composition of the wild diet. (researchgate.net)
  • He is a fellow of the Association for Behavior Analysis International and the Association for Psychological Sciences . (wustl.edu)
  • To stay informed about the latest news and research in the sciences and Intelligent Design, visit Evolution News . (uncommondescent.com)
  • Part II of the essay then turns to examine the most influential Euro-American theories cited in today's secondary literature regarding the animal-human divide. (mdpi.com)
  • Alloparental care encapsulates a diverse range of parenting systems across a range of animal groups and social structures. (wikipedia.org)
  • Wolves are incredibly social animals that follow a hierarchical social dynamic within their packs. (wjbf.com)
  • Additionally, one should consider the cause of the behavior (etiology), the descriptive features of the behavior and function the behavior may serve the animal. (responsibledog.net)
  • Additionally, organs from animal sources could be transplanted into patients currently excluded from the human organ transplantation list. (medscape.com)
  • To develop new and more effective indicators of waterborne pathogens it is important to better understand how both evolution and ecology interact with the genomes and natural history of waterborne pathogens and their indicators, if different from themselves. (nationalacademies.org)
  • As in the case of quantum mechanics, where measurements and the behavior of quanta are entwined no matter what controls researchers place on the experiment, scientific objectivity in primatology is accomplished by including their own sensations and emotions as critical variables in research. (springer.com)
  • Researchers theorize that the behavior has been reinforced by evolution and might save the adults from being "mobbed by sharp puppy teeth. (wjbf.com)
  • The successful reintroduction of wolves into Yellowstone is widely regarded among researchers and conservationists as an environmental success. (wjbf.com)
  • Alloparenting is rare among classes of animals such as birds and mammals, with only about 3% of mammals exhibiting this parenting style, but this does not mean it does not occur. (wikipedia.org)
  • Earth is going through its 6th major animal extinction, with over 40 percent of amphibians and mammals threatened with extinction and we've failed to do much about it. (nerdycaterpillar.com)
  • There are many family situations that may affect the welfare of the family dog, often in dysfunctional families the dog may serve as a scapegoat a way for members to shame one another and in some cases the behavior problem may bring "stability and cooperation" to what may otherwise be a dysfunctional environment. (responsibledog.net)
  • The formulation and provision of appropriate diets for zoo animals is important in ensuring the continued health of populations. (researchgate.net)
  • Noise correlations (that is, trial-to-trial covariations in neural activity for a given stimulus) limit the stimulus information encoded by neural populations, leading to the widely held prediction that they impair perceptual discrimination behaviors. (nature.com)
  • In the western United States, importance of such zoonoses is increasingly recognized, acquisition of plague in humans is linked to companion and the need for more attention in this area is being animals infested with Yersinia pestis -carrying fleas in addressed. (cdc.gov)
  • In the 30 years since the first "shock collars" became widely available in the United States, these increasingly popular behavioral training products have been refined to produce more effective results in ways that have proven not only to be humane, but also, gentle. (sitmeanssit.com)
  • Earthworms as inexpensive, noncontroversial animal models (without ethical concerns) are not vectors of disease do not harbor parasites that threaten humans nor are they annoying pests. (hindawi.com)
  • These include, but are not limited to, (1) preventing hyperacute rejection, (2) preventing acute vascular rejection, (3) facilitating immune accommodation, (4) inducing immune tolerance, (5) preventing the transmission of viruses from xenografts into humans, and (6) addressing the ethical issues surrounding animal sources for xenografts and the appropriate selection of recipients (given that xenotransplantation remains experimental). (medscape.com)
  • The only unique capacities that human beings are credited with were first (widely) the ability to develop their unique potentials ( chengren 戌亻), and, second (in a very few texts), the capacity to respond with greater sensitivity to the resonant world around them. (mdpi.com)
  • Their emerging functions with respect to evolution of innate immunity have long been superseded by their well-known ecological role in soil conservation. (hindawi.com)
  • According to Darwin [ 6 ], "it may be doubted if there are any other animals which have played such an important role in the world as these lowly organized characters. (hindawi.com)
  • As against the behaviourist's mechanical model of stimulus-response, K hler used what he called a dynamic model of human behavior, which emphasized the active role of organization in perception. (authorscalendar.info)
  • Non-Darwinian evolution is any mechanism which tends to downplay the role of natural selection in evolution . (rationalwiki.org)
  • Most scientists of this period did not deny natural selection , they just said it either has no role in evolution or only has a minor role as a mechanism. (rationalwiki.org)
  • This concern is warranted, since diazinon has been widely used, with many applications in urban areas (homes and gardens) that may have increased the possibilities of human exposure. (cdc.gov)
  • Several professional associations have recognized Green for his accomplishments, including the Society for the Experimental Analysis of Behavior , the Society for the Advancement of Behavior Analysis and the American Psychological Association. (wustl.edu)
  • Tokugawa Japan ranks with ancient Athens as a society that not only tolerated, but celebrated, male homosexual behavior. (cdlib.org)
  • In a chapter of his 1996 book, entitled "The Global Politics of Civilizations," Huntington discussed two civilizational conflicts which he thought would be of great importance in post-Cold War international relations: fights between "Islam" and the West, and between China and the West. (doctor-now.it)
  • A study of 1,500 centenarians found that diets, activity levels, and smoking habits varied widely, but nearly all have a good sense of humor and don't worry. (selfgrowth.com)
  • The reason that the types of ants can differ so widely has to do with something called continental drift. (ancasta.pl)
  • To recognize the important milestones of the past 100 years, this webpage documents a general historical overview of respiratory protection research and the evolution of the certification program as undertaken by the U.S. federal government. (cdc.gov)
  • In order to explore this feature, it is important to model building's thermal behavior in order to enable the use of demand-side management control strategies. (lu.se)
  • In fact, this book was apparently more popular at the time of its publication than the now better known book on evolution. (hindawi.com)
  • The l is with an new book of Minkowski's library by Dennis Lehmkuhl, been by the racial natural evolution of the speech. (shotglass.org)
  • Traditionally, scientists tended to assume animals had limited agency and behavioral flexibility or were incapable of engaging in complex forms of decision-making. (springer.com)
  • Non-Darwinian evolution was proposed because many scientists did not believe natural selection was powerful enough to explain evolution . (rationalwiki.org)
  • It is hardly an exaggeration to say that primatology is an intellectual "melting pot" in the study of animals. (springer.com)
  • DNA metabarcoding overcomes many of the challenges associated with traditional methods and it is an attractive approach to study the dietary profiles of animals. (bvsalud.org)
  • The domesticated crop originated in the Americas and is one of the most widely distributed of the world's food crops. (doctor-now.it)
  • They are hunted significantly for their food and their aggressive behavior towards humans. (nerdycaterpillar.com)
  • For example, their behavior and more recently their impressive innate immune potential have captured a new research audience. (hindawi.com)
  • Many of the claims it makes about the states and processes that give rise to behavior, and many of the presuppositions of those claims, are false. (uncommondescent.com)
  • Proposed approach should be improved and applied more widely and periodically, increasing accuracy and representativeness. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • What are these diving animals doing with such large, complex, oxygen-consuming brains? (latimes.com)