Quaternary ammonium compounds ("QACs" or "quats") are a broad class of several hundred chemicals. (turi.org)
Quaternary ammonium compounds, also called quats or QACs, are a group of chemicals used for a variety of purposes including as preservatives, surfactants, antistatic agents, and as active ingredients in disinfectants and sanitizers. (chemicalsafetyfacts.org)
In organic chemistry, quaternary ammonium cations, also known as quats, are positively-charged polyatomic ions of the structure [NR4]+, where R is an alkyl group, an aryl group or organyl group. (wikipedia.org)
Quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs), a large class of chemicals that includes high production volume substances, have been used for decades as antimicrobials, preservatives, and antistatic agents and for other functions in cleaning, disinfecting, personal care products, and durable consumer goods. (sfei.org)
Assessing the risks posed by QACs is hampered by their vast structural diversity and a lack of quantitative data on exposure and toxicity for the majority of these compounds. (sfei.org)
The National Standard specifies requirements for aromatic disinfectant fluids containing quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) as their principal anti-microbial agents. (gottbs.com)
Tetramethylammonium ion: (CH3)4N+, also denoted Me4N+ (Me = methyl group) Tetraethylammonium ion: (C2H5)4N+, also denoted Et4N+ (Et = ethyl group) Tetrapropylammonium ion: (n-C3H7)4N+, also denoted Pr4N+ (Pr = propyl group) Tetrabutylammonium ion: (n-C4H9)4N+, also denoted Bu4N+ (Bu = butyl group) Quaternary ammonium salts are used as disinfectants, surfactants, fabric softeners, and as antistatic agents (e.g. in shampoos). (wikipedia.org)
Quaternary ammonium compounds are the active ingredients in disinfectants and sanitizers for homes, farms, hospitals, offices and public transportation vehicles. (inchem.org)
It is highly important to use an appropriate proportion of drugs and compounds in these antiseptics disinfectants to gain maximum effectiveness for its intended purpose. (powershow.com)
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) is a dialkyl-quaternary ammonium compound that is used in numerous products for its bactericidal, virucidal and fungicidal properties. (cdc.gov)
They include substances like diethanolamine, triethanol amine esterquats, distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, imidazolines, and dipalmitoyethyl hydroxy ethylmonium methosulfate. (acne.org)
Because of their resilience, many unusual anions have been isolated as the quaternary ammonium salts. (wikipedia.org)
Older aluminium electrolytic capacitors and spermicidal jellies also contain quaternary ammonium salts. (wikipedia.org)
Refer to the Quaternary ammonium salts (QAS) category or section 13 of IUCLID for details on the category justification. (europa.eu)
Dimethyl1
The newer quaternary ammonium compounds (i.e., fourth generation), referred to as twin-chain or dialkyl quaternaries (e.g. didecyl dimethyl ammonium bromide and dioctyl dimethyl ammonium bromide), purportedly remain active in hard water and are tolerant of anionic residues. (rrsmed.ir)
Chemicals2
Compound groups are groups of chemicals that share structural or chemical features. (pharosproject.net)
Quaternary ammonium compounds, which are chemicals associated with asthma, reduced fertility and birth defects in animals. (readersdigest.ca)
Alkyl1
Chemically, the quaternaries are organically substituted ammonium compounds in which the nitrogen atom has a valence of 5, four of the substituent radicals (R1-R4) are alkyl or heterocyclic radicals of a given size or chain length, and the fifth (X-) is a halide, sulfate, or similar radical. (rrsmed.ir)
Nitrogen1
Organophosphorus compounds having a quaternary nitrogen (ammonium) attached to the phosphorus atom have the highest toxicity. (cdc.gov)
Disinfectant2
Disinfectant agents refer to the germ-killing compounds that are used on non-living surfaces or things. (powershow.com)
In certain cases, a single compound can act as an antiseptic and a disinfectant, which totally depends on the concentration of the drug, the number of organisms, exposure condition, and others. (powershow.com)
Biocides1
Sensitivities to Biocides and Distribution of Biocide Resistance Genes in Quaternary Ammonium Compound Tolerant Staphylococcus Aureus Isolated in a Teaching Hospital. (ifh-homehygiene.org)
Chemically1
a synthetic quaternary ammonium compound chemically related to atropine. (theodora.com)
Bromide1
Ipratropium bromide is a quaternary amine. (theodora.com)
Organic1
In organic chemistry , Betaine (N,N,N-trimethylglycine), as an organic compound , is an inner salt trimethyl ammonium compound . (wellnessadvocate.com)
Fabric softeners1
Some fatty acid compounds used in skin care products and fabric softeners are comedogenic, for example, linseed oil, coconut oil, and cocoa butter. (acne.org)
Ipratropium1
The anticholinergic effect of drugs such as tri- and tetracyclic antidepressants, antihistamines, quinidine, amantadine, antipsychotics (e.g. butyrophenones, phenothiazines), disopyramide and other anticholinergics (e.g. tiotropium, ipratropium, atropine-like compounds) may be intensified by Buscopan. (janusinfo.se)
Concentrations2
et al "Concentrations of choline-containing compounds and betaine in common foods" J Nutr. (wellnessadvocate.com)
The effect of different ammonium concentrations and glucosamine on baby hamster kidney (BHK)-21 cell cultures grown in continuously perfused double membrane bioreactors was investigated with respect to the final carbohydrate structures of a secretory recombinant glycoprotein. (nih.gov)
Betaine2
In our body, Betaine is a naturally occurring compound that plays a role in osmoregulation. (wellnessadvocate.com)
Numerous in vitro experiments have indicated that betaine acts as an osmoprotectant by stabilizing both the quaternary structure of proteins and cellular membrane against the adverse effects of high salinity and extreme temperatures ( Gorham, 1995 ). (scialert.net)
Toxic1
Quaternary ammonium compounds can cause toxic effects by all routes of exposure including inhalation, ingestion, dermal application and irrigation of body cavities. (inchem.org)
Excretion1
For the study of the excretion of 14C-labelled compounds, similarly treated animals were kept in metabolism cages permitting the separate collection of urine and faeces, which were removed at 4 h intervals for a period of 3 days and kept refrigerated until examined. (europa.eu)
Naturally1
Glycinebetaine (N, N, N-trimethylglycine) is a quaternary ammonium compound that occurs naturally in a wide variety of plants, animals and microorganisms ( Rhodes and Hanson, 1993 ). (scialert.net)
Exposure1
These results demonstrate the potential for development of irritation and hypersensitivity responses to DDAC following dermal exposure and raise concerns about the use of this chemical and other quaternary ammonium compounds that may elicit similar effects. (cdc.gov)
Alkaline copper quaternary is a water-based solution that can help preserve wood products by preventing decay caused by fungi and insects. (chemicalsafetyfacts.org)
QUATERNARY AMMONIUM COMPOUNDS International Programme on Chemical Safety Poisons Information Monograph G022 (Group PIM) Chemical 1. (inchem.org)
The quaternary ammonium compounds show a variety of physical, chemical, and biological properties and most compounds are soluble in water miscible solvents. (inchem.org)
Group4
Compound groups are useful because in some cases, lists will instead identify a group of structurally similar compounds (such as lead compounds) as all having the same hazard. (pharosproject.net)
The table below indicates how each compound group is populated, and what is the status of its population. (pharosproject.net)
This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. (pharosproject.net)
This compound group is defined by the SMILES string 'C(=O)(C(C(C(C(C(C(C(F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)O'. For more information on SMILES, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_molecular-input_line-entry_system . (pharosproject.net)
Infections1
Health-care-associated infections have been reported from contaminated quaternary ammonium compounds used to disinfect patient-care supplies or equipment, such as cystoscopes or cardiac catheters. (rrsmed.ir)
Skin2
EPA-registered quaternary ammonium compounds are appropriate to use for disinfecting medical equipment that contacts intact skin (e.g., blood pressure cuffs). (rrsmed.ir)
The Pharos staff is in the process of establishing and populating compound groups, and associating warnings from the hazard lists with them. (pharosproject.net)
Each compound exhibits its own antimicrobial characteristics, hence the search for one compound with outstanding antimicrobial properties. (rrsmed.ir)
Category1
Most organophosphorus compounds belong to this category. (cdc.gov)
Studies1
Scientists have not performed studies investigating the comedogenicity of these compounds. (acne.org)
Cell1
Also good against fungi, amoebas, and enveloped viruses (such as SARS-CoV-2), most quaternary ammonium compounds are believed to act by disrupting the cell membrane or viral envelope. (wikipedia.org)