• Using a mouse model of ependymoma-a chemoresistant brain tumor-we combined multicell high-throughput screening (HTS), kinome-wide binding assays, and in vivo efficacy studies, to identify potential treatments with predicted toxicity against neural stem cells (NSC). (nih.gov)
  • FDA approved drugs not currently used to treat ependymoma were also identified that posses selective toxicity against ependymoma cells relative to normal NSCs both in vitro and in vivo, e.g., 5-fluorouracil. (nih.gov)
  • These include in vitro cell-kill models and cytostatic dye exclusion tests as well as in vivo measurement of tumor growth parameters in laboratory animals. (ucdenver.edu)
  • Lenis-Rojas OA, Cordeiro S, Horta-Meireles M, Fern?ndez JAA, Fern?ndez Vila S, Rubiolo JA, Cabezas-Sainz P, Sanchez L, Fernandes AR, Royo B. N-Heterocyclic Carbene Iron Complexes as Anticancer Agents: In Vitro and In Vivo Biological Studies. (ucdenver.edu)
  • Various natural compounds with promising in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activities have been reported in literature which can be used as novel therapeutic approach for treatment of inflammatory conditions [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Prediction of Chemical Carcinogenicity in Rodents from in Vitro Genetic Toxicity Assays R AYMOND W. TENNANT, BARRY H. MARGOLIN, MICHAEL D. SHELBY, E RROL Z … As an in vivo toxicity endpoint, the acute lung inflammogenicity in a rat instillation model was compared with the in vitro toxicity endpoints comprising cytotoxicity, pro-inflammatory cytokine expression, or haemolytic potential. (holocausto.online)
  • Considering the ethical issues and the cost of in-vivo animal tests, the pharmaceutical industry now relies more on in-vitro methods for toxicity testing in the drug development phase. (holocausto.online)
  • In contrast to results with 2D culture, observed mitotic arrest was relatively low, suggesting involvement of additional mechanisms in their antitumor effect in vivo . (nature.com)
  • Analysis of mitosis and antimitotic drug responses in tumors by in vivo microscopy and single-cell pharmacodynamics. (nature.com)
  • Single-cell and subcellular pharmacokinetic imaging allows insight into drug action in vivo . (nature.com)
  • In vitro drug metabolism studies, are a screening mechanism to characterize drug metabolites, elucidate their pathways, to help with further in vivo testing. (td2inc.com)
  • On the other hand, three-dimensional cultures have recently been attracting attention as in vitro models that more closely resemble the in vivo physiological environment. (medsci.org)
  • The authors found that the peptide induces apoptotic effects on multiple cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo , inhibits tumor cell migration and invasion, and arrests cell cycle primarily in the G2M phase. (cytoskeleton.com)
  • BK011P) was an essential reagent in this study, complementing the in vivo results and in vitro cell culture data which demonstrated conclusively that the C36L1 peptide targets microtubules in exerting its anti-tumor effects. (cytoskeleton.com)
  • 2015. A novel microtubule de-stabilizing complementarity-determining region C36L1 peptide displays anti-tumor activity against melanoma in vitro and in vivo . (cytoskeleton.com)
  • Sphingolipid-targeting drugs have been tested alone or in combination with chemotherapy, exhibiting antitumor activity alone and in synergism with chemotherapy in vitro and in vivo . (frontiersin.org)
  • In addition, ebastine treatment exerted obvious effects on cell cycle arrest, metastasis inhibition, apoptosis and autophagy induction both in vitro and in vivo . (ijbs.com)
  • These drugs may deserve to be tested for their efficacy in the control of prostate cancer using in vivo models. (researchgate.net)
  • Cisplatin showed concentration-dependent antitumor effects due to loss of cell adhesion and spheroid disruption in each cell line, while cetuximab exhibited antitumor effects that correlated with EGFR expression in each cell line. (medsci.org)
  • The same extracts were assessed for their antioxidative potentials with the use of DPPH free radical scavenging assay followed by determination of HRBC membrane stabilization method, Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay (BSLA) and GC-MS analysis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • During Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay, all extracts of BG were found to be bioactive and the degree of lethality was found to be concentration dependent. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay found extracts to be bioactive suggesting extracts as a promising candidate for plant-derived anti-tumor compounds. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The ethanolic extracts of the plant were examined for the presence of bioactive components and their total flavonoid content, with focusing on quercetin detection using thin layer bioautography (TLB) and brine shrimp lethality assay (BSLA) for cytotoxicity. (who.int)
  • The application of High Content Screening for in vitro toxicity testing is a relatively new approach in the preclinical research phase of drug development. (holocausto.online)
  • While toxicity test has been traditionally completed in the preclinical phase, in vitro toxicity studies in the early drug discovery stages could significantly reduce failures at a later stage and prevent economic loss. (holocausto.online)
  • Traditionally, the in vitro toxicity assays that have been used to identify molecules that carry drug-related DILI risk factors include two-dimensional (2D) cell systems and other standard preclinical model… The principal application of this assay is to rapidly screen test compounds to identify those that induce acute liver cell toxicity. (holocausto.online)
  • 50 years of preclinical anticancer drug screening:empirical to target-driven approaches. (jscimedcentral.com)
  • The objective of this review was to analyze the results from preclinical and clinical trials of these drugs for the treatment of cancer. (frontiersin.org)
  • Aslthough all these drugs have produced good results in preclinical studies of multiple cancers, the outcomes of clinical trials have not been similar. (frontiersin.org)
  • Secarna Pharmaceuticals, an IZB-based biopharmaceutical company focusing on the discovery and development of next-generation antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) therapies to address challenging or previously undruggable targets via its LNAplus™ platform, announced the publication of striking new preclinical data demonstrating that bimodal ASOs can enable efficacious long-term antitumor immunity in tumor models compared to current immune checkpoint inhibitors. (izb-online.de)
  • Collectively, these data show that IM-T9P1 leads to long-lasting, adaptive antitumor immunity that can be further improved when combined with T cell-targeting immune checkpoint inhibitors and can have efficacy against large, established tumors in preclinical tumor models. (izb-online.de)
  • This assay has been extensively used for different studies such as for preliminary toxicity screening of plant extracts, detection of fungal toxins, plant extract toxicity, heavy metals, cyanobacteria toxins, pesticides, and cytotoxicity testing of dental materials [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We conduct cytotoxicity estimation using a panel of cell proliferation and viability tests, which can be sorted into four types by different endpoints: Functional assays: assessment of ATP, ADP, ATP/ADP ratios. (holocausto.online)
  • Kroll A(1), Pillukat MH, Hahn D, Schnekenburger J. The in vitro assays covered baseline toxicity in bacteria, oxidative stress, cytotoxicity in mammalian cells and yeast, estrogenicity, and anti-androgenicity. (holocausto.online)
  • In vitro, chemicals such as drugs and pesticides have different cytotoxicity mechanisms such as destruction of cell membranes, prevention of protein synthesis, irreversible binding to receptors etc. (holocausto.online)
  • Biological assays to test the cytotoxicity of the compound 1b combined with electroporation were performed to determine its potential for future medical applications in cancer treatment. (hindawi.com)
  • It has been proven that combining electroporation with chemotherapy potentiates the cytotoxicity of drugs when the drugs' efficacy is limited by its uptake in the cell [ 9 - 13 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • The aim of this study was to prepare and characterize new ruthenium NAMI-type compounds, to test their in vitro cytotoxicity and study the influence of electroporation on the cytotoxic activity of the synthesized compounds. (hindawi.com)
  • Cancer research has been conducted using cultured cells as part of drug discovery testing, but conventional two-dimensional culture methods are unable to reflect the complex tumor microenvironment. (medsci.org)
  • In the future, it may become possible to produce tumor spheroids from tissue samples of oral cancer patients, and then apply them to drug screening and to develop individualized diagnostic and treatment methods. (medsci.org)
  • Discuss the current challenges and key considerations to be taken when designing assays to identify new biomarkers in pan tumor applications. (hub-xchange.com)
  • The combined downregulation of PD-L1 expression in a single-molecule approach resulted in exceptional antitumor activity in different tumor models. (izb-online.de)
  • Treatment with IM-T9P1 resulted in the sustained activation of a specific type of tumor infiltrating cell, dendritic cells 3 (DC3s), which can promote antitumor immunity by supporting T cells with survival signals and enabling them to perform their effector functions. (izb-online.de)
  • Prior to joining Invicro, Joseph was Chief Scientific Officer at Flagship Biosciences where he led the R&D and Scientific efforts in applying novel quantitative tissue image analysis approaches to immuno-oncology and rare diseases to support drug and companion diagnostic development. (hub-xchange.com)
  • Activation of thermogenic metabolism in brown adipose tissue (BAT) by cold and drugs instigates blood glucose uptake in adipocytes4,5,9. (bvsalud.org)
  • Studies have found very good relationship between this simple, inexpensive, and bench-top assay and the antitumor potential of the cytotoxic compounds [ 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The inclusion of other assays and compounds will most likely expand the types of activities that can be reliably detected. (holocausto.online)
  • Therefore, a rationale for treating hypertension would be to administer drugs or natural compounds which selectively inhibit ACE. (scielo.br)
  • With over 50 compounds in development and 40 disease areas being studied, diverse and unique career opportunities are available in areas from Small Molecule Drug Discovery to Nonclinical, and Translational Research. (bms.com)
  • Figure 6: Antimitotic drugs induce different mitotic and interphase phenotypes. (nature.com)
  • Proliferation assays However, in rats just minimal alterations were noted. (holocausto.online)
  • We used VES and FBZ, at low concentrations, singly and in combination, to test their inhibitory effects on proliferation of human and mouse prostate cancer cells in vitro. (researchgate.net)
  • Methods of investigating the effectiveness of anticancer cytotoxic drugs and biologic inhibitors. (ucdenver.edu)
  • Metronidazole (Flagyl) is a drug used to treat infections and has been studied in the treatment of cancer [10,11] as a radiosensitizer drug, especially for hypoxic cells [9]. (who.int)
  • tizer drug, especially for hypoxic cells [ 9 ]. (who.int)
  • Nathanael Gray is the Krishnan-Shah Family Professor of Chemical and Systems Biology at Stanford, Co-Director of Cancer Drug Discovery Co-Leader of the Cancer Therapeutics Research Program, Member of Chem-H, and Program Leader for Small Molecule Drug Discovery for the Innovative Medicines Accelerator (IMA). (stanford.edu)
  • Protein binding assays assesses the degree to which drugs attaches to proteins within the plasma/tissue. (td2inc.com)
  • The contribution of synthetic organic chemistry to anticancer drug development. (jscimedcentral.com)
  • Cytology/Membrane leakage assays: LDH, AK test. (holocausto.online)
  • Screening tools for the evaluation of a drug's ability to cross various biological membrane systems in a microplate format. (td2inc.com)
  • The present work constitutes a review of the literature of plants and chemically defined molecules from natural sources with in vitro anti-hypertensive potential based on the inhibition of ACE. (scielo.br)
  • Drug repositioning and pharmacophore identification in the discovery of hookworm MIF inhibitors. (jscimedcentral.com)
  • There, he has established a discovery chemistry group that focuses on developing first-in-class inhibitors for newly emerging biological targets, including resistant alleles of existing targets, as well as inhibitors of well-validated targets, such as Her3 and RAS, that have previously been considered recalcitrant to small molecule drug development. (stanford.edu)
  • H … In vitro assays covered baseline toxicity, oxidative stress responses, and estrogenic and antiandrogenic activity. (holocausto.online)
  • These results demonstrate the importance of DCs in overcoming ICI resistance and achieving effective and durable antitumor responses and, in many cases, antitumor immunity. (izb-online.de)
  • In vitro Analysis of Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Antiproliferative Activity of Enteromorpha antenna, Enteromorpha linza and Gracilaria corticata Extracts. (google.com)
  • The methanolic extracts of seaweeds Enteromorpha antenna, Enteromorpha linza and Gracilaria corticata possess high total phenolic content and shows a good free radical scavenging activity and hence are proven to have better antioxidant activity and they might be good candidates for further investigations in order to develop potential anticancer drugs. (google.com)
  • In vitro toxicity assays are used to determine the potential of a new pharmaceutical, agrochemical, food additive, or other chemical product to be hazardous to humans.In vitro studies, which are performed on cultured bacterial or mammalian cells, can be used as an initial screen to avoid the unnecessary use of animals in determining which candidates should move forward for further safety testing. (holocausto.online)
  • However, with an adeq battery of necf expsre blmarkers, prospective studies of en- vironmental effects on pregnancy outcomes might be possible. (cdc.gov)
  • NSAIDS are widely used for their anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activity and are among the most widely used drugs worldwide [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • An MTT assay was used to determine cell metabolic activity and a TUNEL assay for detecting DNA fragmentation. (holocausto.online)
  • Their current application in oncology has revolutionized cancer treatment by improving the antitumor activity of several chemotherapeutic agents. (mdpi.com)
  • We provide experimental evidence demonstrating that ebastine has antitumor activity in osteosarcoma and promotes autophagy by activating the AMPK/ULK1 signaling pathway, which is IPMK dependent. (ijbs.com)
  • MTT assay was employed to study the anticancer activity against cancer cell lines Hep-G2, MCF7 and normal VERO cell lines. (google.com)
  • Crude methanolic extract of G. corticata had significant anticancer activity followed by E. antenna and E. linza on cancer cell lines Hep-G2, MCF7 and normal VERO cell lines by MTT assay. (google.com)
  • Mechanism-based target identification and drug discovery in cancer research. (jscimedcentral.com)
  • The effectiveness or lack of a major therapeutic effect of sphingolipid modulation by some drugs as a cancer therapy and other aspects related to their mechanism of action are discussed in this review. (frontiersin.org)
  • Dr. Gray has also developed structure-based, generalized approaches for designing drugs to overcome one of the most common mechanisms of resistance observed against most kinase inhibitor drugs, mutation of the so-called 'gatekeeper' residue, which has been observed in resistance to drugs targeting BCR-ABL, c-KIT and PDGFR. (stanford.edu)
  • If ER stress is a significant factor that affects the disease development, it would be important to find a drug that alters these mechanisms and UPR. (helsinki.fi)
  • We applied our workflow to quantify cell-cycle effects of three antimitotic cancer drugs over 8 d in HT-1080 fibrosarcoma xenografts in living mice using a data set of 38,000 cells and compared the induced phenotypes. (nature.com)
  • Li X, Taratula O, Taratula O, Schumann C, Minko T. LHRH-Targeted Drug Delivery Systems for Cancer Therapy. (jscimedcentral.com)
  • Sawa M, Masai H. Drug design with Cdc7 kinase: a potential novel cancer therapy target. (jscimedcentral.com)
  • A commonly used in vitro experimental method in cancer research is two-dimensional (2D)-culture using dishes or flasks. (medsci.org)
  • In 2021, Dr. Gray joined Stanford University where he has joined the Stanford Cancer Institute, Chem-H and the Innovative Medicines Accelerator (IMA) to spur the development of prototype drugs. (stanford.edu)
  • The development of platinum-drug resistance in cancer patients, the general toxicity and severe side effects of platinum drugs however required a different approach in the research of anticancer metal complexes [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • These drugs inhibit immune-suppressive signals and reinstate cancer immunosurveillance. (izb-online.de)
  • During his six year stay at GNF, Dr. Gray became the director of biological chemistry where he supervised a group of over fifty researchers integrating chemical, biological and pharmacological approaches towards the development of new experimental drugs. (stanford.edu)
  • Hepatotoxicity (toxic effects on the liver) and cardiotoxicity (toxic effects on the heart) are the most severe problems encountered in drug development and the major reason for drug withdrawals. (holocausto.online)
  • Side effects of concern are infectious diseases, which prompt the need for screening for latent mycobacterial infection before commencing treatment ( 7 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Cell viability assays, colony formation assays, wound healing assays, and Transwell assays demonstrated that ebastine elicited antitumor effects in osteosarcoma cells. (ijbs.com)
  • The in vitro effects of metronidazole on the production of reactive oxygen species by polymorphonuclear (PMN) cells were studied by means of nitroblue tetrazolium and luminol-dependent chemiluminescence. (who.int)
  • Organic chemistry in drug discovery. (jscimedcentral.com)
  • The role of the medicinal chemist in drug discovery--then and now. (jscimedcentral.com)
  • and discovery that sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor-1 (S1P1) is the pharmacologically relevant target of the immunosuppressant drug Fingomilod (FTY720) followed by the development of Siponimod (BAF312), which is currently used for the treatment of multiple sclerosis. (stanford.edu)
  • Brad Nelson has twenty five years of experience in leading rapid growth life science organizations, delivering new technology and applications for drug discovery, development and clinical markets. (hub-xchange.com)
  • Prior to Flagship Biosciences, he served in senior scientific roles in oncology drug development for OSI Pharmaceuticals and Pfizer. (hub-xchange.com)
  • Mammalian genotoxicity assay reveals if the compound causes abnormalities in chromosome distribution (aneugenity) or chromosome breaks (clastogenity) during cell division. (holocausto.online)
  • Figure 4: Quantitative analysis of drug response to paclitaxel treatment at a single-cell level. (nature.com)
  • Explore how novel tissue staining technologies can be applied to interrogate new drug targets and immune cell while preserving tissue architecture for spatial analysis. (hub-xchange.com)
  • Extraction and direct contact assays were performed using human epidermal keratinocytes and mouse fibroblasts and mouse epithelial cells. (holocausto.online)
  • In 2D culture, all cells can proliferate at a relatively constant rate in a planar space, and can be provided uniform access to nutrients, oxygen or drugs. (medsci.org)
  • Figure 5: Pharmacodynamics of antimitotic drugs in the HT-1080 xenograft system. (nature.com)
  • Billingsley ML. Druggable targets and targeted drugs: enhancing the development of new therapeutics. (jscimedcentral.com)
  • Characterisation of ER stress in PD models may be important for the current and future drug development of PD. (helsinki.fi)
  • Joseph Krueger serves as the scientific leader for Invicro's Advanced Pathology Services and is responsible for developing new biomarker applications to meet drug development needs. (hub-xchange.com)
  • The RIVM performed drug susceptibility testing by using a modified agar dilution method ( 5 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Methods The literature related to PMS were collected from China Knowledge Network (CNKI), Wanfang database and Weipu database in the past 20 years, the herbal compound prescriptions for the treatment of PMS were screened and a relevant database were established and analyzed by SPSS. (bvsalud.org)
  • Results The relevant literatures contains 184 Chinese medicine prescriptions/proprietary Chinese medicines, 122 flavors of traditional Chinese medicines, and the drug categories were mainly tonic drugs, antipyretic drugs, astringent drugs, and tranquilizers. (bvsalud.org)
  • Untargeted Metabolomics Study of the In Vitro Anti-Hepatoma Effect of Saikosaponin d in Combination with NRP-1 Knockdown. (cancer-genetics.org)
  • We anticipate that cold exposure and activation of BAT through any other approach, such as drugs and devices either alone or in combination with other anticancer therapeutics, will provide a general approach for the effective treatment of various cancers. (bvsalud.org)
  • Notably, the tuberculin skin test result was negative at screening before she began the TNF-αA treatment, but was now positive (20 mm), suggesting mycobacterial infection. (cdc.gov)
  • Despite screening, mycobacterial infections have been diagnosed after prolonged treatment in various patients ( 8 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Here, we first used high-throughput screening and had screened one compound candidate, ebastine (a H1-histamine receptor antagonist), for osteosarcoma therapy. (ijbs.com)
  • An in vitro (latin: \"in the glass\") test is a study that is performed outside of a living organism (i.e, glass, petri dishes). (holocausto.online)
  • TD2 has validated this assay using the Rapid Equilibrium Device and analysis done by LC-MS. (td2inc.com)
  • This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor" by people in this website by year, and whether "Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor" was a major or minor topic of these publications. (ucdenver.edu)
  • Because we showed that integration neither affects the levels of viral genes, nor those of virally disrupted human genes, a genome-wide screen was performed to identify human genes which expression is influenced by viral integration and have clinical relevance. (cancerindex.org)
  • In regulatory testing situation these in vitro toxicity assays must be reliable, because from these tests it is only possible to generalize the data to … First Published 1995. (holocausto.online)
  • Historic drug susceptibility data was reviewed ( Table ). (cdc.gov)
  • Microtubule binding drugs are of special interest as they have important roles in the modulation of cellular functions and many of them act as anticancer agents. (rgcb.res.in)
  • Here, we report the draft genomes for 45 Enterobacterales clinical isolates, including historical and contemporary drug-resistant organisms, obtained in Pakistan between 1998 and 2016: 5 Serratia, 3 Salmonella, 3 Enterobacter, and 34 Klebsiella. (cdc.gov)