Virulence cell membrane bacterial outer membrane proteins. Medical search. Frequent questions

A new class of phenolic phytoalexins with antimicrobial activities against bacterial and fungal pathogens in rice comprises stress-induced phenylamides, which rely on the shikimate pathway for aromatic L-amino acids and the phenylpropanoid pathway for the phenolic acid moieties in phenylamides and sakuranetin [ 6 ]. (researchsquare.com)
Biofilm formation is an important process in bacterial pathogens and several lines of evidence suggest that in X. a. pv. (hdac-inhibitors.com)
Like most bacterial pathogens, Neisseria meningitidis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae initiate infections by colonizing the mucosal epithelium, which serves as the site of entry. (arizona.edu)
Both pathogens have evolved very similar mechanisms for interacting with host cells. (arizona.edu)
The Tat system is involved in a wide range of fundamental cellular processes in bacteria and is essential for the virulence of bacterial pathogens. (ox.ac.uk)
This could potentially contaminate soil and ground water with both bacterial and/or protozoan pathogens. (ufl.edu)
This is due to the unique virulence factor s produced by individual pathogens, which determine the extent and severity of disease they may cause. (pressbooks.pub)
A common virulence strategy of intracellular pathogens is to favorably modulate the intracellular milieu of hosts for their own benefit. (biomedcentral.com)
Other intracellular pathogens, such as Listeria monocytogenes , degrade the phagosomal membrane and escape into the cytoplasm to replicate freely [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

It is usually the causative agent of the relatively rare bacterial disease listeriosis, an infection caused by eating food contaminated with the bacteria. (wikipedia.org)
The development of antibiotic resistance in periodontopathogens is a major issue given that these bacteria may migrate from the oral cavity to other organs where they may cause infections or transfer their antibiotic resistances to other bacterial species. (nature.com)
Type III secretion systems (T3SSs) are essential virulence factors used by many Gram-negative bacteria to inject proteins that make eukaryotic host cells accessible to invasion. (nih.gov)
The outer membrane proteins (OMPs) of Gram-negative bacteria play a crucial role in virulence and pathogenesis. (univ-antilles.fr)
The system involves the study of what are termed autotransporter proteins, which pathogenic bacteria secrete as virulence factors for infection. (anl.gov)
Granulocytes were also seen to contact and heavily phagocytose luminal H. pylori, while macrophages remained confined to basal epithelium, though taking up bacteria and bacterial products. (unipv.it)
Conclusion: Human DCs can enter H. pylori-infected gastric epithelium, in association with other innate immunity cells, to take up bacteria and their virulence products. (unipv.it)
The Type VI Secretion System (T6SS) is a multiprotein device that has emerged as an important fitness and virulence factor for many Gram-negative bacteria through the injection of effector proteins into prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells via a contractile mechanism. (frontiersin.org)
We study the molecular machines involved in forming the bacteria cell envelope, with a special emphasis on those machines that transport macromolecules across the cell membranes. (ox.ac.uk)
Bacteria, unicellular microorganisms differing from animal cells in not having their DNA in a cell nucleus (a conspicuous membrane bound structure). (ufl.edu)
The aim of this review is to provide a new perspective on the possible ways by which resistance is acquired by the bacterial strains within the patient, with a special emphasis on the adaptive response of the infecting bacteria to the administered antibiotic. (openmicrobiologyjournal.com)
Once ingested, these bacteria invade intestinal epithelial cells and translocate to the liver, where they grow inside hepatic cells. (pressbooks.pub)
Outer membrane porins in Gram-negative bacteria facilitate antibiotic influx. (imperial.ac.uk)
In the first few hours after attachment, the bacteria in the tick's midgut switch their outer surface protein from OspA to OspC, which helps with transmission and provides protection against the host's immune system . (osmosis.org)
We determined whether Gram-negative bacterial molecules are associated with Alzheimer disease (AD) neuropathology given that previous studies demonstrate Gram-negative Escherichia coli bacteria can form extracellular amyloid and Gram-negative bacteria have been reported as the predominant bacteria found in normal human brains. (neurology.org)
Prokaryotes including bacteria and archaea release membrane vesicles (MVs) (20 to 400 nm in diameter) into their extracellular milieu. (appmicro.org)
In spite of structural differences in cell envelope, both Gram-positive and negative bacteria produce MVs that contain the cell membrane of each bacterial species. (appmicro.org)
Membrane remodeling in bacteria. (appmicro.org)
Membrane vesicle release in bacteria. (appmicro.org)
Scientists have described the utility of gram-negative bacteria-derived outer membrane vesicles as vaccines and methods to expand their applications. (news-medical.net)
Accordingly, scientists, today published a new study in the journal Cell Host and Microbe in March 2020, showing that drugs that prevent the acquisition of DNA-borne antibiotic resistance traits from their surroundings by bacteria can stop mice from becoming resistant to the action of the antibiotics. (news-medical.net)
Most c-di-GMP-dependent signaling pathways control the ability of bacteria to interact with abiotic surfaces or with other bacterial and eukaryotic cells (Romling et al, 2013). (learnlifescience.com)
In future experiments, researchers could label the outer membrane to see how much of it the bacteria share, said Patricia Hartzell at the University of Idaho in Moscow, who did not participate in this study. (biomedcentral.com)
Secretins revealed: structural insights into the giant gated outer membrane portals of bacteria. (ubc.ca)
Endotoxin is a lipopolysaccharide produced by gram-negative bacteria and is part of the outer membrane of these organisms. (msdmanuals.com)
Gram-negative bacteria not only have different factors of virulence and generate products and sub-products that are toxic to apical and periapical tissues, but also contain endotoxin in the outer membrane of their cell wall. (bvsalud.org)
T3SS is an essential component for the virulence of pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria, such as Salmonella and Chlamydia. (lu.se)

A major virulence factor of H influenzae is its polysaccharide capsule, which plays a central role in molecular pathogenesis and the immune response. (medscape.com)
All strains have endotoxin, which is a major virulence factor in bacteremia and septic shock. (tdmuv.com)
The polyribosylribitol phosphate (PRP) capsule of Hib is a major virulence factor for the organism. (cdc.gov)

Another important component of the H influenzae cell wall that contributes to pathogenesis is lipopolysaccharide (LPS). (medscape.com)
Finally, numerous outer membrane proteins have recently been identified as important components of pathogenesis and immunity. (medscape.com)
The triggered immunity involves considerable increases in the endogenous levels of SA and its conjugates prior to the induction of pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins and the onset of local and systemic acquired resistance [ 8 ]. (researchsquare.com)
These nanomachines have crucial roles in pathogenesis, motility, and antibiotic resistance, and are amongst the most mechanistically interesting proteins in the cell. (ox.ac.uk)
Bacterial lipoproteins often play important roles in pathogenesis and can stimulate protective immune responses. (biomedcentral.com)
The presence of numerous lipoproteins in bacterial genomes suggests their importance for bacterial survival and pathogenesis. (biomedcentral.com)
In this section, we examine various types and specific examples of virulence factors and how they contribute to each step of pathogenesis. (pressbooks.pub)
Pseudomonas aeruginosa has several virulence factors, but their roles in pathogenesis are unclear. (tdmuv.com)

Methods: Human gastric mucosa biopsies, with or without H. pylori infection and active inflammation, were investigated at light and electron microscopy level with immunocytochemical tests for bacterial products (VacA, urease, outer membrane proteins) and DC markers (DC-SIGN, CD11c, CD83) or with the DC-labeling ZnI2-OsO4 technique. (unipv.it)
The immunosensor was successfully applied in the detection and quantification of PB1-F2 in infected mouse lungs and cell lines, providing temporal expression profiles of PB1-F2 during viral infection. (omicsonline.org)
Lyme disease is a bacterial infection that is transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected deer tick. (osmosis.org)

Several types of Xoo virulence factors have been identified, including proteins associated with exopolysaccharide (EPS) production and motility, outer membrane (OM) proteins and TonB-dependent receptors, hypersensitive response and pathogenicity (Hrp) proteins, and type III (T3) effectors [ 2 ]. (researchsquare.com)
The Type IX secretion system (T9SS) which is involved in severe dental disease and in bacterial gliding motility. (ox.ac.uk)
In the current study, the group developed a tgl mutant that also lacked A motility, making it completely immobile, and engineered either donor or recipient cells to express green fluorescent protein in their cytoplasm. (biomedcentral.com)
Kaiser and colleagues conducted similar experiments with CglB, one of five A motility outer membrane lipoproteins. (biomedcentral.com)
To make one of these motility engines, you need many copies of the individual proteins," Kaiser said. (biomedcentral.com)
It would be interesting to see if they're exchanging outer membrane lipoproteins, and if that contributes to their motility and virulence," Lee Kroos at Michigan State University at East Lansing, who did not participate in this study, told The Scientist . (biomedcentral.com)

Of note, the genes encoding these effectors and immunity proteins are widely distributed in Salmonella genomes, suggesting a relevant role in interbacterial competition and virulence. (frontiersin.org)
The gastric cancer phenotype was associated with the presence of babA and genes in the cag pathogenicity island, one of the major virulence determinants of H. pylori , as well as non-synonymous variations in several less well-studied genes. (biomedcentral.com)
Associated with the loss of plasmids is a loss in the ability of the organism to infect laboratory animals , suggesting that the plasmids encode key genes involved in virulence. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
A pathogen's virulence factors are encoded by genes that can be identified using molecular Koch's postulates. (pressbooks.pub)
When genes encoding virulence factors are inactivated, virulence in the pathogen is diminished. (pressbooks.pub)
A cluster of virulence genes encoded on a pathogenicity island is responsible for the pathogenicity of L. monocytogenes . (pressbooks.pub)
One of the genes regulated by PrfA is hyl , which encodes a toxin known as listeriolysin O (LLO), which allows the bacterium to escape vacuoles upon entry into a host cell. (pressbooks.pub)
EAEC are heterogeneous, and the distribution of known virulence genes rarely correlates with phylogeny based on housekeeping loci ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
PCR identified 3 EAEC-specific and 2 other virulence genes ( 2 , 6 ). (cdc.gov)

Gram positive - thick peptidoglycan cell wall which may contain antigens (Lancefield) surrounded by a capsule. (abcmedicalnotes.com)
Gram negative - periplasmic space then thinner peptidoglycan cell wall and then lipoprotein and lipopolysaccharide. (abcmedicalnotes.com)
Crystal structure of an intramembranal phosphatase central to bacterial cell-wall peptidoglycan biosynthesis and lipid recycling. (ubc.ca)

To test whether OmpP4 was necessary for virulence in humans, eight healthy adults were experimentally infected. (biomedcentral.com)

While some effector proteins specifically target bacterial or eukaryotic cells, others can target both types of cells (trans-kingdom effectors). (frontiersin.org)
can penetrate and traverse intact eukaryotic cells, facilitating entry from mucosal surfaces. (msdmanuals.com)

The target of the nanobodies was identified as the major outer membrane protein, a porin that contributes to bacterial virulence and viability. (biomedcentral.com)
Here, we tested the hypothesis that, like its homolog, H. ducreyi OmpP4 contributes to virulence and stimulates production of bactericidal antibodies. (biomedcentral.com)

Moreover, these tea components also attenuated F. nucleatum -mediated hemolysis and hydrogen sulfide production, two other virulence factors expressed by this bacterium. (nature.com)
The genome sequence contains many of the canonical P. multocida virulence factors associated with a range of human and animal diseases, including the pmHAS gene for hyaluronidase associated with bovine haemorrhagic septicaemia. (bvsalud.org)
H influenzae encodes 3 distinct immunoglobulin A (IgA) proteases that may be involved as virulence factors by interfering with host mucosal defenses. (medscape.com)
Our results demonstrate that bacterial factors have a sufficiently strong influence on disease progression that even a small-scale GWAS can identify them. (biomedcentral.com)
Host cell interactions of outer membrane vesicle-associated virulence factors of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157: intercellular delivery, trafficking and mechanisms of cell injury. (appmicro.org)

The release of nanoscale membrane-bound vesicles is common in all three domains of life. (appmicro.org)
These vesicles are involved in a variety of biological processes such as cell-to-cell communication, horizontal gene transfer, and substrate transport. (appmicro.org)
Given the biogenesis of extracellular vesicles from the donor cell, in situ high-resolution microscopy can provide insights on the structural mechanisms underlying the formation and release of microbial extracellular vesicles. (appmicro.org)
Bacterial membrane vesicles transport their DNA cargo into host cells. (appmicro.org)
Extracellular membrane vesicles secreted by mycoplasma Acholeplasma laidlawii PG8 are enriched in virulence proteins. (appmicro.org)
Proteomic analysis of secreted membrane vesicles of archaeal Sulfolobus species reveals the presence of endosome sorting complex components. (appmicro.org)
Xylella fastidiosa outer membrane vesicles modulate plant colonization by blocking attachment to surfaces. (appmicro.org)

IglA is a 21 kDa protein encoded by a gene that is part of an iglABCD operon located on the Francisella pathogenicity island (FPI). (biomedcentral.com)

Meningitis is often complicated by encephalitis, when it is known as meningoencephalitis, a pathology that is unusual for bacterial infections. (wikipedia.org)
These potential complications have been illustrated in a recent article in the CDC's Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR), Serious Bacterial Infections Acquired During Treatment of Patients Given a Diagnosis of Chronic Lyme Disease . (scienceblogs.com)
There are a number of challenges to applying GWAS to bacterial infections, including the difficulty of obtaining matched controls, multiple strain colonization and the possibility that causative strains may not be present when disease is detected. (biomedcentral.com)
Acquisition of resistance is one of the major causes of failure in therapy of bacterial infections. (openmicrobiologyjournal.com)
The high mortality associated with these infections is due to a combination of weakened host defenses, bacterial resistance to antibiotics, and the production of extracellular bacterial enzymes and toxins. (tdmuv.com)

Identification of OMPs is also essential for understanding Ehrlichia's OM architecture, and how the bacterium interacts with the host cell environment. (univ-antilles.fr)
Bacterial blight (BB) caused by the Gram-negative bacterium Xanthomonas oryzae pv. (researchsquare.com)
Surface structures that influence bacterium-host interactions include pili, the meningococcal class 5 outer membrane proteins or the gonococcal opacity proteins, lipooligosaccharide, and the meningococcal capsule. (arizona.edu)
This bacterium synthesizes three membrane proteins of 48, 50 and 77 kDa capable of binding haem, unfortunately their identities remains undetermined [ 17 ]. (walshmedicalmedia.com)
Can very rarely transfer bacterial or plasmid DNA from one bacterium to another. (abcmedicalnotes.com)

Recall that an adhesin is a protein or glycoprotein found on the surface of a pathogen that attaches to receptors on the host cell. (pressbooks.pub)

These proteins are synthesized in the bacterial cytoplasm and cross one membrane into the bacterial periplasm. (anl.gov)
After about four hours most F. tularensis cells escape the phagosome and grow in the cytoplasm. (biomedcentral.com)

The data show that Gram-negative bacterial molecules are associated with AD neuropathology. (neurology.org)
Helicobacter pylori is a gram-negative spiral bacterial, has been associated with peptic ulcers, gastritis, duodenitis, and is believed to be the causative agent of gastric cancer. (walshmedicalmedia.com)
Endotoxin triggers humoral enzymatic mechanisms involving the complement, clotting, fibrinolytic, and kinin pathways and causes much of the morbidity in gram-negative bacterial sepsis. (msdmanuals.com)

However, despite intensive research spanning 2 Bacterial Strains Sequenced decades, these phenotypes remain unexplained. (cdc.gov)
Here, we use comparative genomics approaches to understand how genetic variation amongst bacterial strains influences disease progression. (biomedcentral.com)
The detection and evaluation of concentration of influenza virus proteins in biological samples is critical in a broad range of medical and biological investigations regarding the concern over potential outbreaks of virulent influenza strains in animals and humans. (omicsonline.org)
Understanding the mechanisms of resistance acquisition by the bacterial strains is therefore essential to prevent and overcome resistance. (openmicrobiologyjournal.com)
We found 453 single nucleotide polymorphisms in protein-coding regions, which were used to assess the evolutionary relationships of these Y. pestis strains. (asm.org)
A comparison of four virulent Y. pestis strains with the human-avirulent strain 91001 provides further insight into the genetic basis of virulence to humans. (asm.org)
All 131 strains had previously been categorized as EAEC by the standard HEp-2 cell adherence assay ( 3 , 4 ). (cdc.gov)
Markers of well-characterized aggregative adherence plasmids, present in typical EAEC strains, are aggregative adherence regulator gene aggR , anti-aggregative protein or dispersin gene aap, and empiric plasmid probe (CVD432) that represents part of the aat secretion system operon ( 6 ). (cdc.gov)

The biofilm proteome showed major variations in the composition of outer membrane proteins and receptor or transport proteins. (hdac-inhibitors.com)

Comparison of our results with known structures of other bacterial secretion systems demonstrates that the architecture of type VII secretion system is fundamentally different, suggesting an alternative secretion mechanism. (regenerativemedicine.net)
Previous work in this area has been on modeling the assembly structure of the type III secretion system and prediction of the high-resolution structures of homo-oligomeric proteins using limited experimental data from Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) in order to speed up the process of structure determination. (lu.se)

This membrane-associated complex seems to be embedded exclusively in the inner membrane, which indicates that additional components are required to translocate substrates across the mycobacterial outer membrane. (regenerativemedicine.net)
The Tat (twin-arginine translocation) protein transport system which exports folded proteins across the bacterial inner membrane. (ox.ac.uk)
This multi-component system exports proteins through a huge pore in the outer membrane using the energy of the inner membrane proton electrochemical gradient. (ox.ac.uk)
Characterization of the two conformations adopted by the T3 SS inner-membrane protein PrgK. (ubc.ca)

OmpP4 may be dispensable for virulence because of redundant mechanisms in H. ducreyi for heme acquisition and NAD utilization. (biomedcentral.com)
These clusters are often encased in an outer polymer layer that can be produced by the microorganism or by the defensive mechanisms of the colonized host. (learnlifescience.com)
Many microorganisms have mechanisms that impair antibody production by inducing suppressor cells, blocking antigen processing, and inhibiting lymphocyte mitogenesis. (msdmanuals.com)
Thus, the aim of this work is to carry out a review of the literature on the role of bacterial endotoxin in the etiology of periapical lesions, its mechanism of action, and to elucidate molecular mechanisms involved in endotoxin's recognition by the immune system and cell activation. (bvsalud.org)
Therefore, the objective of this study is to carry out a review of the literature on the role of bacterial endotoxin in the etiology of periapical lesions, as well as to elucidate molecular mechanisms involved in its recognition by the immune system and in cell activation. (bvsalud.org)

Of 46 unique proteins identified in the OM fraction, 18 (39%) were OMPs, including 8 proteins involved in cell structure and biogenesis, 4 in transport/virulence, 1 porin, and 5 proteins of unknown function. (univ-antilles.fr)

These adherent cells become embedded within a slimy extracellular matrix that is composed of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). (learnlifescience.com)
The structure of the extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) matrix of biofilms is composed of one or more extracellular polysaccharides, DNA, and proteins. (learnlifescience.com)
Subramani (2019) said that Quorum sensing (QS) is a process of intercellular signaling or cell-cell communication and a vital regulatory mechanism for coordinating biofilm formation including common activities and physiological processes such as symbiosis, formation of spores or fruiting bodies, antibiotics synthesis, genetic competence, apoptosis, and virulence in many bacterial species using extracellular QS signaling molecules, which is often referred to as autoinducers. (learnlifescience.com)

However, capsule-specific opsonic antibodies can bind to the bacterial capsule and facilitate phagocytosis. (msdmanuals.com)

The mechanism of Tat transport is radically different from that employed by other protein transporters, enabling it to translocate folded proteins without compromising the ion permeability barrier of the membrane. (ox.ac.uk)
I think that this type of sharing is probably more widespread than we think and it is an obvious mechanism for signaling between cells," she said. (biomedcentral.com)

IM, cytoplasmic membrane (From Yonekura et al 2000). (biblestudymanuals.net)
Flagellar assembly begins with structures in the cytoplasmic membrane and proceeds through steps that add the exterior structures in a proximal-to-distal sequence ( Fig. 1 ) 1 . (nature.com)
CM, cytoplasmic membrane. (nature.com)

UAB researchers, based on a collection of clinical isolates from several countries, have established a link between the cell-to-cell communication system (the quorum sensing) and the virulence and resistance phenotypes in Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. (news-medical.net)
It is a second messenger that modulates a variety of bacterial growth phenotypes including biofilm formation. (learnlifescience.com)

Here, we report the molecular architecture of the ESX-5 membrane complex from Mycobacterium xenopi determined at 13 resolution by electron microscopy. (regenerativemedicine.net)
Our work is grounded in protein biochemistry and bacterial cell biology to which we add a full range of cutting edge molecular techniques. (ox.ac.uk)
Molecular chaperones play a key role in cellular processes, including protein homeostasis, but also in membrane protein transport and biogenesis. (unibas.ch)
Recently, we have systematically investigated how molecular chaperones interact with the intrinsically disordered protein α-synuclein. (unibas.ch)
To achieve this goal we use a combination of x-ray crystallography, molecular modelling, molecular docking and molecular biology in collaboration with medicinal chemistry to engineer drugs that specifically interact with and disable critical bacterial target proteins. (ubc.ca)

For years, scientists have explored ways to alter the cells of microorganisms in efforts to improve how a wide range of products are made - including medicines, fuels, and even beer. (news-medical.net)
Biofilm formation represents a protected mode of growth that not only allows cells to survive in hostile environments but also to colonize new niches by dispersal of microorganisms from the microbial clusters. (learnlifescience.com)
Characteristics of a tooth with a chronic periapical lesion include a long infectious process, as well as an imbalance between the number and virulence of microorganisms present on root canal system with regard to the resistance of the host 1-2 . (bvsalud.org)

Analyzing cryo-electron microscopy images of top views of NCs or NC substructures from Salmonella typhimurium revealed a 24-fold symmetry for the inner rings and a 15-fold symmetry for the outer rings, giving an overall C3 symmetry. (nih.gov)

Prior to the introduction of Haemophilus b conjugate vaccines, Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) was the most frequent cause of bacterial meningitis and a leading cause of serious, systemic bacterial disease in young children worldwide. (theodora.com)

One such lipoprotein, OmpP4, is homologous to the outer membrane lipoprotein e (P4) of H. influenzae . (biomedcentral.com)
encodes a putative lipoprotein, designated outer membrane protein P4 (OmpP4). (biomedcentral.com)
M. xanthus with mutant Tgl, an outer membrane lipoprotein involved in the S engine, have slime extrusion but lack pili. (biomedcentral.com)

Naoise McGarry, Stephen Smith, Escherichia coli serum resistance : roles for cell number and Haemolysin. (tcd.ie)
t transition increases carbapenem resistance through depletion of OmpK36 from the outer membrane. (imperial.ac.uk)
Structural and kinetic analyses of penicillin-binding protein 4 (PBP4)-mediated antibiotic resistance in Staphylococcus aureus. (ubc.ca)
Resistance to the lytic effects of serum complement confers virulence. (msdmanuals.com)

Figure 2: Outer membrane biogenesis by BAM. (unibas.ch)

This information is important because endotoxin is released during multiplication or bacterial death, causing a series of biological effects that lead to an inflammatory reaction and resorption of mineralized tissues. (bvsalud.org)
The Bacterial Endotoxin (LPS) has been widely studied. (bvsalud.org)

The green and black tea extracts, EGCG, and theaflavins decreased the adherence of F. nucleatum to oral epithelial cells and matrix proteins. (nature.com)
Type 1 fimbrial adhesin allows the fimbriae of ETEC cells to attach to the mannose glycans expressed on intestinal epithelial cells. (pressbooks.pub)

[11] Long-term culture of B. burgdorferi results in a loss of some plasmids and changes in expressed proteins. (newworldencyclopedia.org)

To identify virulence determinants, we conducted a pan- genomic analysis. (cdc.gov)

Multimerization of the nanobodies led to agglutination of C. jejuni cells, which may affect colonization in the chicken gut. (biomedcentral.com)
Interestingly, while both systems have been linked to virulence and host colonization in S . Dublin, an antibacterial activity has not been detected for T6SS SPI-6 in this serotype. (frontiersin.org)

Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) is the leading cause of invasive bacterial disease among children in the United States. (cdc.gov)

At least eight different chaperones, arranged in an assembly line, transport β-barrel outer membrane proteins (Omps) and fold them into the membrane. (unibas.ch)

Evidence for transepithelial dendritic cells in human H. pylori active gastritis. (unipv.it)
Background: Despite extensive experimental investigation stressing the importance of bacterial interaction with dendritic cells (DCs), evidence regarding direct interaction of H. pylori or its virulence products with DCs in the human gastric mucosa is lacking. (unipv.it)
Results: Cells reproducing ultrastructural and cytochemical patterns of DCs were detected in the lamina propria and epithelium of heavily infected and inflamed (but not of normal or moderately inflamed) mucosa, where DC luminal endings directly contact H. pylori and take up their virulence products. (unipv.it)
An in silico analysis has shown that H. pylori genome has a family of three outer membrane protein regulated by iron (FrpB). (walshmedicalmedia.com)
H. pylori express FrpB1, FrpB2 and FrpB3 proteins to scavenge iron and they are regulated according to availability of iron source, maybe in order to withstand the extreme environment present in the stomach. (walshmedicalmedia.com)
H. pylori habits an environment, where the availability of iron is limited [ 11 ], and has a large amount of proteins for acquisition iron for instance metalloproteins [ 12 , 13 - 16 ]. (walshmedicalmedia.com)

They also prevented biofilm formation by F. nucleatum at concentrations that did not interfere with bacterial growth. (nature.com)
citri mature biofilm and planktonic cells. (hdac-inhibitors.com)
The chemical compositions of the cellular components are mainly made up of polysaccharides (40%-95%), proteins (1%-60%), lipids (1%-40%), and nucleic acids (1%-10%), which have a significant effect on growth and metabolism of the biofilm. (learnlifescience.com)
In a biofilm, microbial cells stick to each other and often also to a surface. (learnlifescience.com)

However, previous work by this team of researchers from the University of Notre Dame and The University of Chicago has shown that, contrary to popular belief, intrinsically disordered proteins, which sample a variety of conformational forms the way the autotransporter proteins do, can remain quite extended in water even if they have high ratios of hydrophobic to charged amino acids. (anl.gov)

Bacterial genomes usually contain a significant portion of open reading frames (ORFs) that encode lipoproteins. (biomedcentral.com)
Lipoproteins have been demonstrated to have roles in preserving membrane structure, functioning as enzymes, and serving as transporters or toxins. (biomedcentral.com)
The genome for Myxococcus has recently been finished, and they actually have a very large number of outer membrane lipoproteins," Kaiser told The Scientist . (biomedcentral.com)
E. Nudleman et al, "Cell-to-cell transfer of bacterial outer membrane lipoproteins," Science 309:125-7, July 1, 2005. (biomedcentral.com)

The multiple adhesins target specific cells of the airway and provide redundancy for adherence to respiratory tissues. (medscape.com)

This is thought to make globular proteins stable and soluble in the watery environment of the cell. (anl.gov)
Biochemical fractionation showed that IglA is a soluble cytoplasmic protein and immunoprecipitation experiments demonstrate that it interacts with the downstream-encoded IglB. (biomedcentral.com)

Phage A7-resistant mutants of the virulent cherry isolate C28 contained rough LPS, did not adsorb A7, and displayed reduced virulence towards cherry. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Disruption of mglA or mglB results in mutants that are severely attenuated for virulence [ 15 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Immunoblots revealed CglB mutants recovered the protein after contact with wild-type cells. (biomedcentral.com)

Pili (or fimbriae), fibrils, and a protein called Hia mediate adherence of Hib to cells of the human respiratory tract. (medscape.com)
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and E coli K99 pili protein were evaluated by Western blots and immunocytochemistry. (neurology.org)

This schematic diagram highlights the assembly process of the bacterial flagellar filament and the cap-filament complex. (biblestudymanuals.net)
These findings show that the flagellar secretion apparatus functions as a proton-driven protein exporter and that ATP hydrolysis is not essential for type III secretion. (nature.com)
Dashed boxes indicate the proteins that function in flagellar secretion, either in the membrane-bound part of the apparatus or in delivery of substrate. (nature.com)

Prior to the availability of an effective vaccine, H influenzae type b (Hib) was the most common cause of pediatric bacterial meningitis in the United States. (medscape.com)

Body size of biomes and local habitat patches closely resembles the North American BSFD as species richness PXD101 cell line increases. (hdac-inhibitors.com)

Thus, citric acid cycle intermedi- ates are not used for adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production and are shuttled out of the mitochondria, providing precursors for nucleotide, amino acid, and lipid synthesis path- ways for the dividing cell [13]. (who.int)

In Mycobacterium tuberculosis, these ESX systems are essential for growth and full virulence and therefore represent an attractive target for anti-tuberculosis drugs3. (regenerativemedicine.net)
IpdAB, a virulence factor in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is a cholesterol ring-cleaving hydrolase. (ubc.ca)

Even more elemental prions (protein particles) are the causative agent of bovine spongiform encephalitis ('mad cow' disease) and linked to variant Creutzfeld Jacob disease (vCJD) in humans. (ufl.edu)
F. novicida is closely related to F. tularensis but has low virulence for humans while being highly virulent in mice. (biomedcentral.com)

These components are the Haemophilus influenzae type b capsular polysaccharide [polyribosylribitol phosphate (PRP)] that is covalently bound to an outer membrane protein complex (OMPC) of Neisseria meningitidis and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) from recombinant yeast cultures. (theodora.com)

In addition, there is limited information regarding the repertoire of effector proteins encoded within T6SS SPI-6 and T6SS SPI-19 gene clusters in S . Dublin. (frontiersin.org)
Each antibacterial effector gene is located upstream of a gene encoding a hypothetic immunity protein, thus conforming an effector/immunity (E/I) module. (frontiersin.org)
The significance of the interaction may be to secrete effector molecules that affect host cell processes. (biomedcentral.com)

This highly specialized protein folding process has attracted the attention of a team of researchers who have used this bacterial system as a model to determine what allows these unique proteins to maintain their disordered state in the periplasm. (anl.gov)

Moreover, Hartzell is interested in whether such protein transfer happens in eukaryotes. (biomedcentral.com)

Ziehl-Neelson - used for identifying mycobacteria which have high amounts of mycolic acid and high lipid content in the cell wall. (abcmedicalnotes.com)

demonstrated that L. monocytogenes is a distinct taxon within the Lactobacillus-Bacillus branch of the bacterial phylogeny constructed by Woese. (wikipedia.org)

Listeria uses the cellular machinery to move around inside the host cell. (wikipedia.org)
citri this process is a requirement to achieve maximal virulence since it has a major role in host interactions. (hdac-inhibitors.com)
This macromolecular assembly comprises more than 20 conserved proteins that form a series of ring-like structures and a needle-shaped protrusion, which allows the transport of proteins into a host cell. (lu.se)

These recommendations include information on use of two vaccines recently licensed for use with infants: Haemophilus b Conjugate Vaccine (Diphtheria CRM 197 Protein Conjugate) (HbOC), manufactured by Praxis Biologics, Inc., and Haemophilus b Conjugate Vaccine (Meningococcal Protein Conjugate) (PRP-OMP), manufactured by Merck Sharp and Dohme, newly licensed for use with infants. (cdc.gov)

these include the structural proteins that form the rod, hook and filament, the transcriptional regulator FlgM, and the hook-length regulator FliK. (nature.com)

This finding suggests that spacing of hydrophobic amino acids must be under selective pressure in bacterial proteins to facilitate their virulence functions. (anl.gov)

The ability to interact with nonphagocytic cells is a crucial virulence attribute of the meningococcus and the genococcus. (arizona.edu)

This process is likely to be important for bacterial sensing and pertinent immune response, however it may also generate DC cytotoxic changes potentially hampering their function. (unipv.it)
The human immune response to PRP resembles the murine response to T-cell independent antigens: B cells provide the primary response without a contribution from T-helper cells. (cdc.gov)

Second, proteins were separated via one-dimensional electrophoresis, and digested peptides were analyzed via nano-liquid chromatographic separation coupled with mass spectrometry (LCMALDI-TOF/TOF). (univ-antilles.fr)
This protein was identified by mass spectrometry and its expression was quantified by real time technique under different human iron sources. (walshmedicalmedia.com)
N-glycosylation profiles of the SARS-CoV-2 spike D614G mutant and its ancestral protein characterized by advanced mass spectrometry. (cdc.gov)

Anatomy22

Organisms18

Diseases1

Chemicals and Drugs56

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment21

Phenomena and Processes42

Technology, Industry, Agriculture4

Information Science4

Health Care1

Pathogens9

Bacteria27

Major virulence factor3

Pathogenesis8

Infection3

Motility6

Genes9

Peptidoglycan3

Necessary for virulence1

Eukaryotic cells2

Contributes2

Factors5

Vesicles7

Pathogenicity island1

Infections5

Bacterium5

Pathogen1

Cytoplasm2

Gram-negative3

Strains8

Transport Proteins1

Secretion system2

Inner membrane4

Mechanisms5

Porin1

Extracellular3

Capsule1

Mechanism2

Cytoplasmic membrane3

Phenotypes2

Molecular5

Microorganisms3

Salmonella1

Cause of bacterial meningitis1

Lipoprotein3

Resistance4

Biogenesis1

Endotoxin2

Epithelial cells2

Plasmids1

Determinants1

Colonization2

Invasive bacterial disease1

OMPs1

Pylori6

Biofilm4

Intrinsically disordered1

Lipoproteins4

Adhesins1

Soluble2

Mutants3

Pili2

Flagellar3

Meningitis1

Species1

Synthesis1

Mycobacterium2

Humans2

Neisseria1

Effector3

Unique proteins1

Eukaryotes1

Lipid1

Phylogeny1

Host3

Haemophilus b Conjugate Vaccine1

Regulator1

Facilitate1

Crucial1

Immune response2

Mass spectrometry3