Virulence bacterial infection bacterial load. Medical search. Frequent questions

It is often seen in infections with C. perfringens or any of myriad soil-borne anaerobic bacteria. (wikipedia.org)
Gangrenous infection by soil-borne bacteria was common in the combat injuries of soldiers well into the 20th century, because of non-sterile field surgery and the basic nature of care for severe projectile wounds. (wikipedia.org)
Although the urinary tract communicates with an external environment loaded with bacteria and other potentially pathogenic agents, most of it is normally sterile and all of it is normally resistant to infection. (ivis.org)
Infections can be caused by a wide range of pathogens , most prominently bacteria and viruses . (wikipedia.org)
Depending on PAMP/DAMP nature and localization, autophagy can selectively capture bacteria, such event is called xenophagy, damaged organelles, and other signaling platforms activated during the infection ( 4 , 5 ). (frontiersin.org)
Induction of IDO by DCs is a cell-autonomous response to Listeria monocytogenes infection and was also observed in other granulomatous infections with intracellular bacteria, such as Bartonella henselae. (jci.org)
Although this method has been designed to recover Brucella or Salmonella organisms from spleen, the procedure may be applicable for other bacteria such as Listeria and Mycobacterium as well as to count bacterial loads in other organs such as liver or lymph nodes. (una.ac.cr)
The presence of oral P gingivalis infection in mice resulted in brain infiltration by the bacteria that was accompanied by increased production of Aβ 1-42 , a component of amyloid plaques implicated in AD. (medscape.com)
P gingivalis is an "asaccharolytic Gram-negative anaerobic bacteria that produces major virulence factors known as gingipains, which are cysteine proteases consisting of lysine-gingipain (Kgp), arginine-gingipain A (RgpA), and arginine-gingipain B (RgpB)," they explain. (medscape.com)
Invasion of the central nervous system (CNS) by colonising pneumococci follows an alteration in the balance … 2 Pathogenesis of Meningitis Invasion of the central nervous system (CNS) by colonising pneumococci follows an alteration in the balance between the virulence of the bacteria and the defences of the patient. (biobender.com)
Factors such as common colds or additional upper respiratory disease infections alter the lining of the respiratory tract and Veliparib allow bacteria to enter the bloodstream. (biobender.com)
In our projects we look into bacterial infection and inflammation, fundamental problems in bacterial cell biology, heme proteins, stress responses, and adaptation in bacteria. (lu.se)
The antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and/or virulence determinants possessed by the associated bacteria are generally found on mobile genetic elements (MGEs) that transmit between K . pneumoniae cells via horizontal gene transfer (HGT) [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Pathogenic bacteria have evolved a diverse array of mechanisms for delivering toxins and other virulence factors into the interior of host cells. (vanderbilt.edu)
They then infected these bacteria with influenza A virus or exposed them to the conditions that typically accompany the flu, including increased temperature to mimic fever, increased concentrations of ATP (the energy molecule in cells), and the stress hormone norepinephrine, released during flu infection. (mlo-online.com)
At the same time, the researchers found that the gene expression profile of the bacteria that had dispersed from the biofilms revealed far more virulence. (mlo-online.com)
When the viral infection comes in, there is inter-kingdom signaling: the bacteria respond to host molecules. (mlo-online.com)
Despite phage replication in these matrices, lysis of the bacteria was slower than phage propagation, and no reduction of the bacterial population was observed. (bvsalud.org)
As a novel antibacterial agent against foodborne pathogens, endolysins are peptidoglycan hydrolases encoded by bacteriophages that lyse bacterial cells by targeting their cell wall, notably in Gram-positive bacteria due to their naturally exposed peptidoglycan layer. (usda.gov)
Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) is rampant among bacteria that cause healthcare- and community-acquired infections, driving up costs and increasing the difficulty of therapeutic management. (europa.eu)
P. aeruginosa joins other bacteria (like Chlamydia pneumoniae , Legionella pneumophila , and Mycobacterium tuberculosis ) that induce Warburg-like metabolic shifts in immune cells, enabling persistent infections. (biologists.com)
These occur when the bacteria take advantage of certain situations, such as a weakened immune system or the presence of an open wound, to cause a harmful infection. (nanowerk.com)
When a Staphylococcus aureus infection occurs, the bacteria tend to form a "biofilm", where the cells stick to each other and to the surface they are on, forming an organized network within a slimy extracellular structure. (nanowerk.com)
Targeting biofilm formation could be a promising approach for preventing the evolution of staphylococcal bacteria and the spread of bacterial resistance by the transfer of SCC mobile elements. (nanowerk.com)

Hence, there is a need for the accelerated development of new agents to treat and prevent infections caused by AMR pathogens ( WHO, 2021 ). (frontiersin.org)
An infection is the invasion of tissues by pathogens , their multiplication, and the reaction of host tissues to the infectious agent and the toxins they produce. (wikipedia.org)
We also present the strategies developed by pathogens to evade or to exploit this machinery in order to establish a successful infection. (frontiersin.org)
Finally, we discuss the opportunities and challenges of autophagy manipulation in improving therapeutics and vaccines against bacterial pathogens. (frontiersin.org)
Here, we review the many functions of autophagy in bacterial infections with a focus on macrophages, the first line of host defenses, and the replicative niche of numerous pathogens. (frontiersin.org)
Thus, there is an incomplete understanding of diseases in which a conserved consortium of micro-organisms co-operates to induce pathogenesis, diseases involving pathogens that cause immune deficiency followed by secondary infections, and diseases that are influenced by a series of host and environmental factors. (nature.com)
Renibacterium salmoninarum, the etiological agent of Bacterial Kidney Disease (BKD), and Aeromonas salmonicida, which causes furunculosis, are economically important pathogens of marine fish. (mun.ca)
The development of disease from exposure to pathogens is dependent on pathogen virulence, dose size, route of exposure, and individual susceptibility. (cdc.gov)

In context of surgery, conceptual understanding of alterations in interactions between host defenses and pathogenic microbes that result in bacterial urinary tract infections (UTI) are important for at least two reasons. (ivis.org)
Although virulence is typically attributed to single pathogenic strains, here we investigated whether effectors secreted by a population of non-virulent strains could function as public goods to enable the emergence of collective virulence. (nature.com)
Defence against pathogenic infection can take two forms: resistance and tolerance. (datadryad.org)
2010). However, we earlier demonstrated that, is conserved in all the mycobacterial species analyzed and proposed that apart from regulating the expression of virulence genes in pathogenic mycobacteria, SigF is likely to play more roles in mycobacterial physiology (Singh and Singh 2008). (healthyguide.info)
Many so-called "pathogenic E. coli " infections are asymptomatic, not causing diarrhea, she notes. (futurity.org)
The researchers examined the total gut microbiome and its shifts during diarrheal infections to assess the effects of three specific pathogenic genotypes of E. coli on the indigenous gut microbiota. (futurity.org)

Immunocompromised individuals exhibit higher susceptibility for infection and higher mortality rates. (wikipedia.org)
First, I evaluated the lumpfish susceptibility and immune response to R. salmoninarum infection. (mun.ca)
1). However, other medical conditions such as co-infection with parasites and Vitamin A deficiency increase susceptibility to cholera infection. (kenyon.edu)

We assessed the effect of Beijing strains on the risk for M. tuberculosis infection and disease progression in 9,151 household contacts of 2,223 culture-positive pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) patients in Lima, Peru. (cdc.gov)
The differences in the course of infection between wild-type and nrp mutant strains were accompanied by distinct dynamics of the immune response. (elsevierpure.com)
This is a reliable method for comparing the kinetics of infection in various mouse strains, estimating the virulence of different bacterial mutants or isolates and for vaccine testing and vacine estandarization. (una.ac.cr)
however, individual strains vary in their virulence potential due to the presence of mobile accessory genes. (biomedcentral.com)
Concerningly, iuc has also been reported in MDR strains in the hospital setting, where it was associated with increased mortality, highlighting the need to understand, detect and track the mobility of these virulence loci in the K . pneumoniae population. (biomedcentral.com)
This study provides a framework for identifying and tracking these important virulence loci, which will be important for genomic surveillance efforts including monitoring for the emergence of hypervirulent MDR K . pneumoniae strains. (biomedcentral.com)
Among cranberry compounds, a group of proanthocyanidins (PACs) with A-type linkages were isolated which exhibit bacterial anti-adhesion activity against uropathogenic Escherichia coli strains. (hal.science)
In molecular biology, generalized transduction is routinely used as a technique to manipulate and construct bacterial strains. (bvsalud.org)

To probe the role of the nrp gene in infection, we generated an nrp deletion mutant in M. tuberculosis H37Rv and tested its virulence in immunocompetent (C57BL/6) mice. (elsevierpure.com)
Mice infected with the mutant strain also survived for twice as long as those infected with wild-type M. tuberculosis and, remarkably, showed subdued pathology, despite similar bacterial loads at later stages of infection. (elsevierpure.com)
Infection is spread by the aerosol route and Mycobacterium tuberculosis must drive lung destruction to be transmitted to new hosts. (ersjournals.com)
In addition, the expression level of Rv3737 may be associated with bacterial load and disease severity in pulmonary tuberculosis patients. (biomedcentral.com)
Although mouse infection models have been extensively used to study the host response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis, their validity in revealing determinants of human tuberculosis (TB) resistance and disease progression has been heavily debated. (imperial.ac.uk)
Prediction of prognosis of TBM is difficult because of the protracted course, diversity of underlying pathological mechanisms, variation of host immunity, and virulence of M tuberculosis . (medscape.com)

citation needed] Alpha toxin (α-toxin) Clostridium perfingens alpha toxin is widely associated with gas gangrene as it is its main virulence factor whilst invading its host. (wikipedia.org)
However, those that survive travel to the small intestine where they begin to produce cholera toxin (CT), which is the main virulence factor of V. cholerae . (kenyon.edu)

Urease is a metalloenzyme known to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis and virulence of catheter-associated Proteus mirabilis infection. (lancs.ac.uk)

Evolutionarily, a tolerance strategy that is independent of resistance could allow the host to avoid mounting a costly immune response and, theoretically, to avoid a co-evolutionary arms race between pathogen virulence and host resistance. (datadryad.org)

Furthermore, Lmo0036 played a possible role in Listeria virulence. (microbiologyresearch.org)

The rise in antimicrobial resistance (AMR), and increase in treatment-refractory AMR infections, generates an urgent need to accelerate the discovery and development of novel anti-infectives. (frontiersin.org)
The "Collaboration for prevention and treatment of MDR bacterial infections" (COMBINE) project is part of the European Innovative Medicines Initiative (IMI) Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Accelerator. (frontiersin.org)

An increasing number of studies are emerging which detail the attenuation of bacterial growth and in vitro and in vivo virulence by statin treatment. (ucc.ie)
Interestingly, L-ascorbic acid, which is expressed at higher levels in the infected livers, inhibited bovine PmA growth as well as virulence factor expression and promoted macrophage bactericidal activity in vitro. (figshare.com)
The screened L-ascorbic acid showed repression of bovine PmA growth and virulence expression in vitro and supplementation could significantly increase the survival rate of mice and reduce the bacterial load in vivo, which implied that L-ascorbic acid could serve as a potential protective agent for bovine PmA infection in clinic. (figshare.com)
Consistent with these in vitro findings, phage treatment did not reduce bacterial burdens in a neutropenic mouse S. aureus thigh infection model. (bvsalud.org)

Falkow, S. Molecular Koch's postulates applied to bacterial pathogenicity-a personal recollection 15 years later. (nature.com)
Avian influenza viruses (AIV), the causative agents of AI, have worldwide distribution in domestic and wild poultry and are broadly designated as high-pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) or low-pathogenicity avian influenza (LPAI) based on the pathogenicity and the virulence in chickens [ 3 , 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Therefore, in my Ph.D. thesis, I studied the interactions between lumpfish host and Grampositive R. salmoninarum or Gram-negative A. salmonicida with a particular focus on the fundamental aspects of bacterial pathogenicity and virulence. (mun.ca)
Overall, the thesis provided fundamental insights into the pathogenicity and virulence of R. salmoninarum and A. salmonicida and lumpfish response. (mun.ca)

citation needed] Members of the Clostridium species exhibit a plethora of virulence factors. (wikipedia.org)
Common virulence factors associated with gas gangrene include alpha toxin and theta toxin. (wikipedia.org)
Here we summarize the factors of variability that we identified in murine lung infection models used for antimicrobial efficacy testing, as well as the workshop presentations, panel discussions and the survey results for the harmonization of key experimental parameters. (frontiersin.org)
Influence of L. monocytogenes virulence factors on IDO induction. (jci.org)
Our findings indicate that there is a significantly increased load of gingipains, cysteine protease virulence factors secreted by P gingivalis, in the brain of AD patients, when compared to nondemented controls," said lead author Stephen Dominy, MD, chief scientific officer of Cortexyme, the company that funded the study. (medscape.com)
Chronic periodontitis (CP) and infection with Porphyromonas gingivalis - a keystone pathogen in the development of CP - have been identified as significant risk factors for developing Aβ plaques, dementia, and AD," they state. (medscape.com)
Excluding the influence of environmental factors, has the virulence of the SARS-CoV-2 been reduced in the process of transmission? (researchsquare.com)
Studying the molecular structures of these virulence factors alone and in complex with host receptors, membranes, and inhibitors can lend insight into how these delivery processes occur and how these processes can be exploited or prevented. (vanderbilt.edu)
Elucidating the molecular structures and functions of these virulence factors alone and in complex with host receptors and membranes will reveal vital information about fundamental mechanisms in bacterial pathogenesis. (vanderbilt.edu)
Bacterial virulence factors are important for the persistence of infection by changing the bacterium and the host cells. (biologists.com)
Specific risk factors for mortality include sepsis, urinary tract infection, nutritional oedema and hypokalaemia. (bvsalud.org)

Pseudomonas virulence factor 2-AA promotes glycolytic shift in macrophages that prevents inflammatory immune response. (biologists.com)
For example, Pseudomonas aeruginosa produce 2-aminoacetophenone (2-AA), a metabolite produced by the carbon metabolism of this bacterium, promotes chronic infection by preventing the activation of the immune cascade in the host. (biologists.com)

Clostridium infections are usually opportunistic, and occur in individuals with serious preexisting medical conditions. (wikipedia.org)

In general, viral infections are systemic. (wikipedia.org)
These endogenous antimicrobials are expressed at nearly undetectable levels in the blood (or hemolymph) of healthy, young adult flies but are transcriptionally induced to massive levels following systemic microbial infection. (biomedcentral.com)
Given the central role PGRP-LC plays in sensing systemic bacterial infections, steroid hormone regulation provides a significant degree of modulation on the ability of cells or animals to respond to bacterial infection. (biomedcentral.com)
[ 2 ] Therefore, specific infections in the oral cavity may create foci of infection that may affect systemic health. (medscape.com)
Flowchart showing the possible mechanisms linking oral/dental infections to systemic diseases. (medscape.com)

[2] Hosts can fight infections using their immune systems . (wikipedia.org)

2010). strain was attenuated for virulence in a mouse infection model despite persistence at high bacterial load in lungs compared with the isogenic wild type (Geiman et?al. (healthyguide.info)
This undermines the effectiveness of the available treatment options and thus contributes to the persistence of microbial infections. (who.int)

Specific medications used to treat infections include antibiotics , antivirals , antifungals , antiprotozoals , [3] and antihelminthics . (wikipedia.org)
[12] Distinguishing the two is important, since viral infections cannot be cured by antibiotics whereas bacterial infections can. (wikipedia.org)
S. aureus is a pathogen that frequently causes severe morbidity and phage therapy is being discussed as an alternative to antibiotics for the treatment of S. aureus infections. (bvsalud.org)
These infections become particularly dangerous when the bacterial strain is resistant to treatment with antibiotics. (nanowerk.com)

Among these, a Vibrio crassostreae population carrying a plasmid required for virulence has been repeatedly identified in diseased oysters 22 . (nature.com)
The major burden of iuc and iro amongst the genomes analysed was due to two linked lineages ( iuc1 / iro1 74% and iuc2 / iro2 14%), each carried by a distinct non-self-transmissible IncFIB K virulence plasmid type that we designate KpVP-1 and KpVP-2. (biomedcentral.com)

P. aeruginosa uses a cell-cell communication system consisting of signalling molecules to coordinate bacterial secondary metabolites, biofilm formation, and virulence. (ucc.ie)

We then performed a genomewide association study to map the genetic basis of variation in resistance to and tolerance of infection by the bacterium Providencia rettgeri. (datadryad.org)
By characterizing the biochemical functions of the proteins putatively responsible for the stringent response in T. denticola, we may gain molecular insight into how this bacterium can survive within harsh oral environments and promote infection. (bvsalud.org)
Genetic information for traits such as virulence and drug resistance can be passed from one bacterium to another through the transfer of mobile genetic elements, a process called horizontal gene transfer. (nanowerk.com)

We collected 77 environmental samples from the surroundings of 12 patients with infection/colonizations by Escherichia coli , Staphylococcus aureus or Klebsiella spp. (mdpi.com)
In Staphylococcus aureus, the phage-mediated acquisition of mobile genetic elements (MGEs) that encode virulence and antibiotic resistance genes largely contribute to its evolutionary adaptation and genetic plasticity. (bvsalud.org)
Not only does our study reveal more about the spread of bacterial resistance, but it establishes a reliable system to detect natural transformation in Staphylococcus aureus ," explains main author Professor Ryosuke L. Ohniwa. (nanowerk.com)

In addition, ascorbic acid synthesis was repressed upon bovine PmA infection, and supplementation with exogenous L-ascorbic acid significantly reduced the bacterial burden of the infected lungs and mouse mortality. (figshare.com)
0.05) lower lung inflammation and viral load in both lungs and cloacal samples than JOL2074 alone vaccinated group. (biomedcentral.com)
It is a clinically diverse infection with the most common sites of infection being the lungs, urinary tract, prostate, skin or soft tissue, spleen, and liver [ Reference Cheng and Currie 2 ]. (cambridge.org)
Localized infection escalates within the lungs, with dissemination to the regional lymph nodes. (medscape.com)

Symptoms include: Skin discoloration "Foul, sweet" smelling discharge from lesions formed on skin Distinctive black, bubble lesions on skin Necrosis Fever Pain at site of surgery or trauma Lightheadedness Rapid heart rate Numbness of affected site Blisters Air in subcutaneous tissues (crepitus) Swelling Jaundice Clostridium species produce more toxins and exhibit higher degrees of virulence than any other bacterial taxon. (wikipedia.org)
Here, we discovered that the infected lung held the highest bacterial density than other tissues during infection. (figshare.com)
By screening the different metabolites between high (lung)- and low (liver)-bacterial density tissues, the present work revealed that L-ascorbic acid and L-aspartic acid directly influenced bovine P. multocida growth. (figshare.com)
High bacterial loads were observed in tissues (i.e., spleen, liver, and head kidney) at 28 days post-infection (dpi), and R. salmoninarum continued to persist in tissues until 98 dpi. (mun.ca)

Mammalian hosts react to infections with an innate response, often involving inflammation , followed by an adaptive response. (wikipedia.org)
Furthermore, a new paper by Ilievski et al independently demonstrated that oral infection of wild-type mice with P gingivalis resulted in P gingivalis infection of the brain and an increase in Aβ 1-42 and tau pathology, along with brain inflammation and neurodegeneration," he added. (medscape.com)

Moreover, I constructed the deletion mutants of riboflavin biosynthesis genes, their duplicated copies, and the transporter (ribN) of A. salmonicida and studied their role in virulence and potential as live-attenuated vaccine candidates using the lumpfish infection model. (mun.ca)

Biofilms: an emergent form of bacterial life. (nature.com)

Second, surgical correction of abnormalities that affect host defense mechanisms may be a prerequisite to preventing recurrent or persistent bacterial UTI. (ivis.org)
The mechanisms whereby Mtb disseminates from the initial Ghon focus are not well understood, but studies in the zebrafish model of M. marinum infection suggest that Mtb is transported within infected monocytes [ 4 ]. (ersjournals.com)
Synthesis of acquired siderophores contributes to K . pneumoniae virulence via multiple mechanisms. (biomedcentral.com)
[ 5 , 7 ] Although the underlying mechanisms are complex, the chronic inflammatory state and microbial burden in people with periodontal disease may predispose them to cardiovascular diseases in ways proposed for other infections. (medscape.com)

Why is it Important to Recognize that Bacterial Urinary Tract Infection is not a Primary Diagnostic Entity? (ivis.org)
Therefore, in context of diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy, a bacterial urinary tract infection (UTI) may be viewed as a secondary (or complicating) rather than a primary (or definitive) diagnostic entity. (ivis.org)

Primary peritonitis is most often spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) seen mostly inpatients with chronic liver disease. (medscape.com)
Second, I profiled the lumpfish head kidney transcriptome response to R. salmoninarum at early (28 dpi) and chronic (98 dpi) infection using RNA sequencing. (mun.ca)
One of the most common chronic bacterial oral infections, periodontitis, affects the supporting structures of the teeth. (medscape.com)
The incidence of central nervous system (CNS) TB is related to the prevalence of TB in the community, and it is still the most common type of chronic CNS infection in developing countries. (medscape.com)

These dominant types also carry hypermucoidy ( rmpA ) determinants and include all previously described virulence plasmids of K . pneumoniae . (biomedcentral.com)

Clostridium perfringens causes 80-90% of infections and produces both these toxins. (wikipedia.org)
Current research in the Lacy laboratory is primarily focused on the structure and function of large clostridial cytotoxins, including the two toxins responsible for symptoms in Clostridium difficile infection. (vanderbilt.edu)

Surface swabs were tested for lytic phages and bacterial isolates for mitomycin C-inducible prophages. (mdpi.com)

Our research is basic research, but we hope that the results will increase the knowledge about cells' fundamental life processes and give birth to new pharmaceutical products and anti-bacterial substances. (lu.se)

Peritoneal infections are classified as primary (ie, from hematogenous dissemination, usually in the setting of an immunocompromised state), secondary (ie, related to a pathologic process in a visceral organ, such as perforation or trauma, including iatrogenic trauma), or tertiary (ie, persistent or recurrent infection after adequate initial therapy). (medscape.com)

We show that desiccation increased ecdysone synthesis in MTs, while inhibition of ecdysone synthesis or ecdysone receptor expression, specifically within MTs, prevented induction of PGRP-LC and reduced protection from bacterial infection. (biomedcentral.com)
These PAC inhibit P-fimbriae synthesis and induce a bacterial deformation. (hal.science)

It is associated with hospital-acquired infections, particularly in patients with compromised immunity, and is the primary cause of morbidity and mortality in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. (ucc.ie)
These findings place IDO+ DCs not only at the intersection of innate and adaptive immunity but also at the forefront of bacterial containment in granulomatous infections. (jci.org)
This provides an opportunity for the treatment of persistent P. aeruginosa infections and possibly other infectious diseases by using immunomodulation to overcome tolerance, favouring trained immunity. (biologists.com)

[4] The branch of medicine that focuses on infections is referred to as infectious diseases . (wikipedia.org)
Diseases caused by helminths are sometimes termed infestations, but are sometimes called infections. (wikipedia.org)
Fowl typhoid (FT), a septicemic disease caused by Salmonella Gallinarum (SG), and H9N2 influenza infection are two economically important diseases that affect poultry industry worldwide. (biomedcentral.com)

Targeting urease as a therapeutic candidate facilitates the disarming of bacterial virulence without affecting bacterial fitness, thereby limiting the selective pressure placed on the invading population and lowering the rate at which it will acquire resistance. (lancs.ac.uk)

Enteric infections often go undiagnosed in children, though they can in some circumstances be fatal. (futurity.org)

Hakansson says the research demonstrates how the mammalian and bacterial kingdoms interact. (mlo-online.com)

Some patients develop active primary TB, resulting in disseminated miliary infection or TB meningitis, but these disease manifestations cause death of the host without transmission of Mtb. (ersjournals.com)
may be the most common bacterial cause of community-acquired meningitis worldwide. (biobender.com)
This minireview will summarize the known pathogenesis of meningitis and current spaces in knowledge that might be loaded by proteomic evaluation. (biobender.com)
1 Clinical Issue of Meningitis An infection from the membranes encircling the central anxious system (meninges) leads to meningitis. (biobender.com)
TBM must be differentiated not only from other forms of acute and subacute meningitis but also from conditions such as viral infections and cerebral abscess. (medscape.com)

Phage A7-resistant mutants of the virulent cherry isolate C28 contained rough LPS, did not adsorb A7, and displayed reduced virulence towards cherry. (microbiologyresearch.org)
How bacterial cyclases recognize phage infection is not known. (bvsalud.org)
In summary, phage treatment of S. aureus infections inside the body may be fundamentally challenging, and more investigation is needed prior to proceeding to in-human trials. (bvsalud.org)

Four species of Clostridium (Clostridium botulinum, Clostridium perfringens, Clostridium tetani, and Clostridium sordelli) are responsible for most human infections. (wikipedia.org)
Taken together, our results add to our holistic understanding of alarmone metabolism across diverse bacterial species. (bvsalud.org)
The operation of the stringent response, a highly conserved survival mechanism, is known to help many bacterial species cause persistent or virulent infections. (bvsalud.org)

The link between AD and bacterial infection has been suggested before and, additionally, emerging evidence has suggested that Aβ 1-42 is an antimicrobial peptide," Dominy said. (medscape.com)

Since the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) associated with the novel SARS-CoV-2, infections have spread worldwide. (aaqr.org)

However, Clostridium infections are also known to occur in healthy individuals. (wikipedia.org)
citation needed] Theta toxin (Θ-toxin) Theta toxin is also employed by Clostridium perfingens as a virulence factor. (wikipedia.org)

in addition, paracentesis should be performed in all patients who do not have an indwelling peritoneal catheter and are suspected of having SBP, because results of aerobic and anaerobic bacterial cultures, used in conjunction with the cell count, are useful in guiding therapy. (medscape.com)

Small molecule gingipain inhibitors administered to mice reduced the bacterial load of P gingivalis in the brain, blocked Aβ 1-42 production, reduced neuroinflammation, and rescued hippocampal neurons in mice. (medscape.com)
Finally, mice exposed to 2AA for 4 days and then infected with aeruginosa showed higher bacterial loads than infected, non-treated mice. (biologists.com)

Simple and sensitive methods for the detection of biomolecules as indicators of P. aeruginosa infection would be of great clinical importance. (ucc.ie)
Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate two analytical techniques based on fast volatile analysis on their performance for monitoring evolution and early detection of B. cinerea infections in strawberry. (who.int)
In either case, the best strategies for preventing PID are: a) prevention of lower-genital-tract infection with Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae among both men and women, b) when this fails, early detection of lower-tract infection followed by prompt and effective treatment. (cdc.gov)

The goal of the Accelerator is to progress the development of new medicines to treat or even prevent resistant bacterial infections. (frontiersin.org)
Therefore, since it is a global public health problem involving several sectors, it also requires a global solution in the context of the One Health approach to achieve adequate control through the prevention, reduction, and mitigation of drug-resistant infections. (who.int)

Infection and blockage of indwelling urinary catheters is significant owing to its high incidence rate and severe medical consequences. (lancs.ac.uk)
In South Korea, H9N2 subtype has been endemic since 2000 and the infection is mainly controlled through the use of an oil adjuvanted inactivated H9N2 vaccine, which has dramatically decreased the incidence of H9N2 infection in chicken farms [ 14 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The incidence of bacterial transmission depends on the blood product and also on the definition of the cases. (medscape.com)
[ 4 , 6 ] The higher incidence of bacterial transmission via platelets has been attributed to the difference in storage temperatures. (medscape.com)

Each coisogenic strain was individually unfit, but the metaclone was collectively as virulent as the wild-type strain on Arabidopsis thaliana , suggesting that effectors can drive the emergence of cooperation-based virulence through their public action. (nature.com)
This strain was evaluated for altered growth rate and macrophage survival using a cell model of infection. (biomedcentral.com)

Arthropods such as ticks , mites , fleas , and lice , can also cause human disease, which conceptually are similar to infections, but invasion of a human or animal body by these macroparasites is usually termed infestation . (wikipedia.org)

In conclusion, we show that SG delivering M2eCD40L can act as a bivalent vaccine against FT and H9N2 infection and further studies are warranted to develop this SG-M2eCD40L vaccine as a broadly protective vaccine against avian influenza virus subtypes. (biomedcentral.com)
Therefore, the development of an effective vaccine to prevent and control H9N2 infection in poultry has an immense public health importance. (biomedcentral.com)

Previous studies suggest that most viruses will co-evolve with their hosts, and intermediate virulence maximizes pathogen fitness, which is called a trade-off between virulence and transmission[7]. (researchsquare.com)

Collectively, our study has profiled the metabolite difference of the murine lung and liver during bovine PmA infection. (figshare.com)

Anatomy30

Organisms44

Diseases69

Chemicals and Drugs43

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment28

Phenomena and Processes43

Information Science4

Named Groups1

Health Care7

Bacteria24

Pathogens8

Pathogenic6

Susceptibility3

Strains8

Tuberculosis6

Main virulence factor2

Pathogenesis and virulence1

Pathogen virulence1

Listeria1

Antimicrobial resistance2

Vitro4

Pathogenicity4

Factors11

Pseudomonas2

Opportunistic1

Systemic5

Immune1

Persistence2

Antibiotics4

Plasmid2

Biofilm1

Bacterium3

Staphylococcus3

Lungs4

Tissues4

Inflammation2

Genes1

Biofilms1

Mechanisms4

Urinary tract inf2

Chronic4

Determinants1

Toxins2

Isolates1

Anti-bacterial1

Secondary1

Synthesis2

Immunity3

Diseases3

Selective1

Enteric1

Mammalian1

Meningitis5

Phage3

Species3

Additionally1

20191

Clostridium2

Anaerobic1

Mice2

Detection3

Resistant2

Incidence4

Strain2

Mites1

Vaccine2

Hosts1

Murine lung1