Vibrio cholerae. Medical search. Frequent questions

Two serogroups called O1 and O139 are responsible for cholera outbreaks. (wikipedia.org)
Two serogroups (O1 and O139) or types of Vibrio cholerae bacteria can produce cholera toxin that causes the disease we call cholera. (cdc.gov)
About 1 in 10 people infected with cholera toxin-producing O1 or O139 Vibrio cholerae experience severe, life-threatening illness, and both serogroups can cause widespread epidemics. (cdc.gov)
These include strains of Vibrio cholerae O1 and O139 that do not produce cholera toxin. (cdc.gov)
This report documents the first case of cholera imported into the United States that was caused by this organism, the newly described toxigenic Vibrio cholerae O139 strain. (cdc.gov)
Testing at CDC identified the isolate as toxigenic V. cholerae serogroup O139, resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. (cdc.gov)
These strains could not be identified as any of the 138 known types of V. cholerae and have been designated as a new serogroup, O139 (5). (cdc.gov)
Descriptions of the symptoms associated with V. cholerae O139 infection suggest it is indistinguishable from cholera caused by V. cholerae O1 and should be treated with the same rapid fluid replacement (7). (cdc.gov)
ABSTRACT In the past decade the importance of non-O1 and non-O139 strains of Vibrio cholerae has been highlighted globally. (who.int)
This study aimed to evaluate the frequency and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of non-O1 and non-O139 V. cholerae in Pakistan. (who.int)
Data of stool specimens yielding growth of non-O1 and non-O139 V. cholerae isolated at a national referral laboratory from 1999 to 2012 were retrospectively analysed and evaluated for resistance to ampicillin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, co-trimoxazole and ofloxacin. (who.int)
A total of 95 800 stool samples submitted over 1999-2012 yielded 3668 strains of V. cholerae, of which 6% were non-O1 and non-O139 V. cholerae. (who.int)
RÉSUMÉ Au cours des dix dernières années, l'importance des souches de Vibrio cholerae non-O1 et non-O139 a été mise en avant à l'échelle mondiale. (who.int)
La présente étude visait à évaluer la fréquence de l'isolation des souches de Vibrio cholerae non-O1 et non-O139 et leur profil de sensibilité aux antimicrobiens au Pakistan. (who.int)
Les données d'échantillons de selles ayant permis la croissance de V. cholerae non-O1 et non-O139 isolés dans un laboratoire national spécialisé entre 1999 et 2012 ont été analysées et évaluées rétrospectivement pour leur résistance à l'ampicilline, la tétracycline, au chloramphénicol, au co-trimoxazole et à l'ofloxacine. (who.int)
Au total, 95 800 échantillons de selles soumis entre 1999 et 2012 ont produit 3668 souches de V. cholerae, parmi lesquelles 6 % étaient des souches de V. cholerae non-O1 et non-O139. (who.int)
All three strains were found to belong to the phylocore group 1 clade of V. cholerae, which includes the 7th-pandemic O1 El Tor and serogroup O139 isolates, despite displaying certain characteristics of the classical biotype. (umd.edu)
Serogroups O1/O139 have been associated with epidemic cholera, while non-O1/non-O139 serogroups usually cause human disease other than classical cholera. (umd.edu)
V. cholerae non-O1/non-O139 from the Neusiedler See, a large Central European lake, have caused ear and wound infections, including one case of fatal septicaemia. (umd.edu)
Recent investigations demonstrated rapid planktonic growth of V. cholerae non-O1/non-O139 and correlation with zooplankton biomass. (umd.edu)
A new fluorescence in situ hybridisation protocol was applied for quantification of V. cholerae non-O1/non-O139 cells, which significantly reduced analysis time. (umd.edu)
The experiments clearly demonstrated a significant relationship of autochthonous V. cholerae non-O1/non-O139 with cladocerans by promoting growth of V. cholerae non-O1/non-O139 in the water and on the surfaces of the cladocerans. (umd.edu)
In contrast, copepods had a negative effect on the growth of V. cholerae non-O1/non-O139 via competing bacteria from their surfaces. (umd.edu)
S. Plotkin )Killed WC variants of the vaccine that contain both Vibrio cholerae O1 and O139 provides 50% protection for 3 years. (qmrawiki.org)
The PCR assay showed that all the V. cholerae isolates belong to non-O1/non-O139 serogroups. (biomedcentral.com)
Cholera is a deadly waterborne disease that is caused by the serogroup of O1 or O139 of Vibrio cholerae. (ac.bd)
Also, there are many non-pathogenic Vibrio cholerae strains known as non-O1 and non-O139. (ac.bd)
O1 or O139 antigen is also a determining factor of V. cholerae virulence, as well as toxin coregulated pilus (TCP), a colonization factor. (ppdictionary.com)
Risk assessment of choleragenic Vibrio cholerae O1 and O139 in warm water shrimp for international trade : interpretative summary and technical report. (who.int)
and c) the rapid spread of Vibrio cholerae O139 over India during 1992-1993. (haifa.ac.il)

Sambhu Nath De isolated the cholera toxin and demonstrated the toxin as the cause of cholera in 1959. (wikipedia.org)
But the DNA does not directly code for the toxin as the genes for cholera toxin are carried by CTXphi (CTXφ), a temperate bacteriophage (virus). (wikipedia.org)
Infection is diagnosed when Vibrio cholerae bacteria that do not produce cholera toxin are found in a sample of the stool, in a wound, or in the blood of the patient. (cdc.gov)
The isolate produced cholera toxin by Y-1 adrenal cell assay and latex agglutination in the California State Public Health Laboratory. (cdc.gov)
However, those that survive travel to the small intestine where they begin to produce cholera toxin (CT), which is the main virulence factor of V. cholerae . (kenyon.edu)
This thesis describes the efforts to develop a new electrochemistry biosensor based on saccharides to detect in water the toxin produced by V. cholerae and prevent cholera disease. (bham.ac.uk)
It also shows some promising results to use this platform in electrochemical biosensors to detect the cholera toxin (CT). (bham.ac.uk)
The enterotoxin, cholera toxin, affects the mucous membranes of the epithelial layer of the intestines, which causes diarrhea. (ppdictionary.com)
Cholera toxin modifies the G protein by adding an ADP-ribosyl group to it. (ppdictionary.com)
Both cholera toxin and TCP are controlled by the regulatory protein, ToxR. (ppdictionary.com)
A tripartite cytolytic toxin formed by Vibrio cholerae proteins with flagellum-facilitated secretion. (scilifelab.se)
The protein MakA was discovered as a motility-associated secreted toxin from Vibrio cholerae Here, we show that MakA is part of a gene cluster encoding four additional proteins: MakB, MakC, MakD, and MakE. (scilifelab.se)
Using Vibrio cholerae cytolysin as an archetypical example of the Î²-barrel pore-forming toxin, we show that a key tyrosine residue (Y321) in the hinge region of the pore-forming motif plays crucial role in this process. (iisc.ac.in)
A genetic relationship of 100% was established between strains of Vibrio cholerae O1 biotype El Tor serotype Ogawa toxin producer ctxA and tcpA isolated from the index case of the cholera outbreak. (bvsalud.org)

The pathogenic agent of cholera is Vibrio cholerae , a Gram-negative, curved-rod shaped bacterium (Figure 1). (kenyon.edu)
Here we report the findings of structural, enzymatic, and binding studies of the FabG protein found in the causative agent of cholera, Vibrio cholerae (vcFabG). (rcsb.org)
Although the completed genome of Vibrio cholerae, the causative agent of cholera, predicted a multitude of genes with homology to known chemotaxis-related genes, little is known about their relative contribution to chemotaxis or other cellular functions. (oregonstate.edu)
Vibrio cholerae is a gram-negative coccobacillus known as the causative agent of cholera- a gastrointestinal disease endemic to developing and underdeveloped countries, Bangladesh being one of them. (ac.bd)

Vibrio cholerae is a species of Gram-negative, facultative anaerobe and comma-shaped bacteria. (wikipedia.org)
Some strains of V. cholerae are pathogenic to humans and cause a deadly disease called cholera, which can be derived from the consumption of undercooked or raw marine life species. (wikipedia.org)
But he made a mistake in believing that the organisms were infusoria, a name then used for microscopic protists, thereby attributing them as Vibrio rigula, a species of protozoan described by Danish naturalist Otto Friedrich Müller in 1786. (wikipedia.org)
Vibrio cholerae is a species of Vibrio bacteria. (cdc.gov)
Like Vibrio species that cause vibriosis , non-cholera Vibrio cholerae bacteria naturally live in coastal waters and are present in higher concentrations when water temperatures are warmer. (cdc.gov)
Learn about other Vibrio species that can cause diarrheal illness and wound infection. (cdc.gov)
The aim of this study was to elucidate the interaction of autochthonous V. cholerae with two dominant crustacean zooplankton species in the lake and investigate the influence of the natural bacterial community on this interaction. (umd.edu)
An existing data set was evaluated for statistical relationships between zooplankton species and V. cholerae and co-culture experiments were performed in the laboratory. (umd.edu)
Our results suggest that Vibrio species possess unique machinery conferring the ability to take up a wider range of exogenous fatty acids than other enteric bacteria. (duke.edu)
The study affirms the relevancy of environmental Vibrio species to the epidemiology of vibriosis, cholera and cholera-like infections. (biomedcentral.com)
Cholera epidemic, history denotes it as "The Blue Death'', a deoxygenated, dehydrated death of humans due to the bacterial species named Vibrio Cholerae. (ac.bd)
Species belonging to the genus Vibrio are distinguished from Enterobacteria by their flagella, as well as being oxidase positive. (ppdictionary.com)
The spread of V. cholerae has been disputed but it has been suggested that species of the genus Vibrio can change formation and reduce volume in times of stress and starvation, making it hard to detect in water environments. (ppdictionary.com)
Most important non-cholera species are V. parahaemolyticus (62% of cases), V. alginolyticu s (13%) and V. vulnificus (10% of cases and ~50% mortality). (hopkinsguides.com)
Detection of Vibrio species in shellfish samples from Sarawak by: Imelda Riti Rantty, et al. (upm.edu.my)
Francisella tularensis, Bartonella bacilliformis, Bacteroides species, Vibrio cholerae and Campylobacte fetus, Brucella species (in conjunction with streptomycin). (rxlist.com)

Dlugosch, L. (2012): Vergleichende Untersuchungen von pathogenen Vibrio cholerae und Vibrio parahaemolyticus durch genomische Fingerprints (ERIC) , Bachelor thesis, TU Braunschweig. (awi.de)
This study investigated the presence of eleven key virulence-associated genes in Vibrio cholerae ( n = 111) and Vibrio mimicus ( n = 22) and eight virulence determinants in Vibrio alginolyticus (n = 65) and Vibrio parahaemolyticus (n = 17) isolated from six important water resources in Eastern Cape, South Africa, using PCR techniques. (biomedcentral.com)
Of the isolates, Vibrio Cholera (84%), V. mimicus (73%), V. alginolyticus (91%) and V. parahaemolyticus (100%) isolates harboured at least one of the virulence-associated genes investigated. (biomedcentral.com)
Typical virulence-associated determinants of V. cholerae were detected in V. mimicus while that of V. parahaemolyticus were detected in V. alginolyticus . (biomedcentral.com)
The cumulative MVGI for V. cholerae , V. mimicus , V. alginolyticus and V. parahaemolyticus isolates were 0.34, 0.20, 0.45, and 0.40 respectively. (biomedcentral.com)
Biohazards of Vibrio cholerae and Vibrio parahaemolyticus in freshwater fish and their decontamination in Selangor markets, Malaysia / by: Noorlis Ahmad. (upm.edu.my)
Cytotoxin production by other bacteria (ie, Shigella dysenteriae, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Clostridium difficile, enterohemorrhagic E coli ) results in mucosal cell destruction that leads to bloody stools with inflammatory cells. (medscape.com)

A doctor may suspect Vibrio infection if a patient has diarrhea and has recently eaten raw or undercooked seafood, especially oysters, or when a wound infection has developed after a wound was in contact with salt water or brackish water. (cdc.gov)
Most people with non-cholera Vibrio cholerae infection recover without antibiotic treatment within a few days. (cdc.gov)
However, antibiotics are sometimes used to treat people with these Vibrio infections, including people with severe or prolonged illness, those at risk of severe illness, and those with a wound infection. (cdc.gov)
Non-cholera Vibrio cholerae are the third most commonly reported group of Vibrio bacteria causing infection in the United States , with about 100 cases reported each year. (cdc.gov)
1). However, other medical conditions such as co-infection with parasites and Vitamin A deficiency increase susceptibility to cholera infection. (kenyon.edu)
Although the mechanism of cholera infection has been well-studied, it remains a problem, especially in developing countries. (kenyon.edu)
The incidence of Vibrio infection in the United States continues to be low, with highest number documented in the age group older than 50 years, which has been around 0.50 cases per 100,000 population from 2003-2008. (qmrawiki.org)
The Gram-negative bacteria Vibrio cholerae poses significant public health concerns by causing an acute intestinal infection afflicting millions of people each year. (duke.edu)
Five (sites SR, PA5, PA6, EL4 and EL6) out of the seventeen sampling sites were detected as the hotspots for potential cholera-like infection and vibriosis outbreaks. (biomedcentral.com)
Vibrio cholerae is a curve-shaped, Gram-negative bacterium well-known for its ability to cause cholera , a severe bacterial infection in humans (Figure 1). (ppdictionary.com)
Cholera is a very severe disease that can lead to hypotension, dehydration, and death within a few hours from the first signs of infection, if no treatment is provided. (ppdictionary.com)
Tetracycline is the major antibiotic used to treat infection for cholera. (ppdictionary.com)
We present a case of invasive infection (pulmonary, wound, and bacteremia) by nonepidemic V. cholerae, in a soldier that sustained burn injury in Iraq. (usuhs.edu)
Cholera is a bacterial infection that causes diarrhea. (billingncoding.com)

An Italian physician, Filippo Pacini, while investigating cholera outbreak in Florence in the late 1854, identified the causative pathogen as a new type of bacterium. (wikipedia.org)
As it is caused by this aquatic pathogen, cholera is most commonly spread by water supplies contaminated with stools infected with V. cholerae . (kenyon.edu)
A team led by scientists from the Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology characterized the channel protein used by the cholera pathogen to absorb sugars found in crustacean shell waste. (nature.com)
Vibrio cholerae is a human pathogen and natural inhabitant of aquatic environments. (umd.edu)
Vibrio cholerae is a pathogen predominantly appreciated for its potential to produce life-threatening watery diarrhea, usually without invasive disease. (usuhs.edu)

V. cholerae isolates from other serogroups (i.e., non-O1) were recognized as causes of sporadic diarrheal and invasive infections but were not considered to have epidemic potential. (cdc.gov)
To clarify the population dynamics and transmission of Vibrio cholerae in Pakistan, we sequenced the genomes of all V. cholerae O1 El Tor isolates and compared the sequences to a global collection of 146 V. cholerae strains. (cdc.gov)
Analysis of the laboratory surveillance data from 2009- 2011 revealed high levels of resistance to erythromycin (38.2% resistant, 54.7% intermediate resistant) among V. cholerae isolates. (who.int)
Of the 836 confirmed isolates, 87% (728/836) were V.cholerae O1 Ogawa,12% (103/836) were V.cholerae O1 Inaba and only 6 isolates were V.cholerae O1 Hikojima. (biomedcentral.com)
In 2006 all the Vibrio isolates were of Inaba serotype, followed by all 3 serotypes during 2007.During 2008-2014 only Ogawa serotype was isolated while few cases of Inaba again surfaced in 2015. (biomedcentral.com)

Molecular analysis of toxigenic Vibrio cholerae 0139 Bengal strains isolated in Bangladesh between 1993 and 1996. (scialert.net)
Survival of toxigenic Vibrio cholerae Ol with a common duckweed, Lemna minor, in artificial aquatic ecosystems. (scialert.net)
The phenotypic traits commonly used to distinguish between the El Tor and classical biotypes, including polymyxin B sensitivity, chicken cell agglutination, type of tcpA and rstR genes, and restriction patterns of conserved rRNA genes (ribotypes), differentiated the 24 strains of toxigenic V. cholerae O1 into three types designated the Matlab types. (johnshopkins.edu)

The oral vaccine is available for individuals travelling to countries where cholera is endemic, and has recently started to be used during outbreaks of the disease. (kenyon.edu)
Stool samples can be used to test for the presence of V. cholerae in an individual, although treatment will often be administered before laboratory diagnosis due to the virulence of cholera and its rate of spread during major cholera outbreaks (Figure 4). (ppdictionary.com)
In Nepal, cases of Cholera occur annually either as sporadic or as outbreaks claiming the lives of many in rural areas. (biomedcentral.com)
With changing epidemiology and antibiogram of V.cholerae in Nepal, the present study reflects the importance of continuous monitoring, which could be used by policy makers and health professionals for better management of outbreaks. (biomedcentral.com)
Every year, cases of cholera occur sporadically or as outbreaks. (biomedcentral.com)

Background: The relevance of climatic events as causative factors for cholera epidemics is well known. (haifa.ac.il)

Some types of Vibrio cholerae bacteria cause serious diarrheal illness called cholera , and others cause illness that's typically less serious. (cdc.gov)
It also explains the concept of electrochemical biosensors and includes examples of this technology to detect bacteria, in particular V. cholerae. (bham.ac.uk)
V. cholerae and its close relative V. mimicus are bacteria of public health importance, especially as an etiological agent of waterborne infections. (biomedcentral.com)
The current analysis supports the hypothesis that aeroplankton (the tiny life forms that float in the air and that may be caught and carried upward by the wind, landing far from their origin) carry the cholera bacteria from one body of water to an adjacent one. (haifa.ac.il)
Enterotoxins, generated by some bacteria (ie, enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, Vibrio cholera ) act directly on secretory mechanisms and produce a typical, copious watery (rice water) diarrhea. (medscape.com)

Our findings suggest that humans having contact with water resources in our study areas are exposed to potential public health risks owing to the detection of virulent determinants in human pathogenic Vibrio spp. (biomedcentral.com)
Hence we suggest a monitoring program for human pathogenic Vibrio spp. (biomedcentral.com)

The emergence of this new cause of epidemic cholera represents an important shift in the epidemiology of this infectious disease (6). (cdc.gov)
The present study is a laboratory based surveillance which aims to analyze the changing epidemiology and antimicrobial susceptibility trend of V. cholerae strains isolated or referred to National Public Health Laboratory (NPHL) over a period of 11 years (2006-2016). (biomedcentral.com)
These results suggest that, although the classical and El Tor biotypes have different lineages, there are possible naturally occurring genetic hybrids between the classical and El Tor biotypes that can cause cholera and thus provide new insight into the epidemiology of cholera in Bangladesh. (johnshopkins.edu)

There are two types of vaccines available for V. cholerae , a parenteral vaccine and an oral vaccine. (kenyon.edu)
Furthermore, the existence of such novel strains may have implications for the development of a cholera vaccine. (johnshopkins.edu)

One of them is available for adults in the U.S. Very few Americans need it, because most people do not visit areas that have an active cholera outbreak. (billingncoding.com)
Outbreak of epidemic cholera caused by a non-O1 strain of V. cholerae designated V. cholerae 0139 has also been reported from various parts of Bangladesh, India and other countries [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
In a decade, six episodes of laboratory confirmed cholera outbreak has been recorded by NPHL. (biomedcentral.com)

Although the extent of the ongoing epidemic in southern Asia is unclear, this strain is now associated with epidemic cholera-like illness along a 1000-mile coastline of the Bay of Bengal (from Madras, India, to Bangladesh) and appears to have largely replaced V. cholerae O1 strains in affected areas. (cdc.gov)
Until 1993, the only recognized causes of epidemic cholera were V. cholerae strains that were part of serogroup O1. (cdc.gov)
1982. Epidemic cholera in rural Bangladesh, 1966-1980. (scialert.net)

The bacterium responsible for cholera was isolated in pure culture by Robert Koch in 1850. (kenyon.edu)
A structural study of a nutrient-uptake protein that allows the bacterium responsible for cholera to thrive in brackish waters could help scientists develop new vaccines or treatments for the diarrheal illness. (nature.com)

In 1849, Pouchet examined the stool samples of four people having cholera. (wikipedia.org)
When the patient sought medical care, the physician suspected cholera, and a culture of a stool specimen obtained from the patient at that time yielded colonies suspected of being V. cholerae. (cdc.gov)
Doctors diagnose cholera with a stool sample or rectal swab. (billingncoding.com)

tion have established favorable conditions for travel-asso- ciated cholera from regions to which it is endemic. (cdc.gov)
Cholera is endemic in 50 nations around the world (1). (kenyon.edu)
Cholera is endemic in Bangladesh due to serogroup O1, and people are still suffering from the disease seasonally in this geographic area. (ac.bd)
Cholera has been found to be endemic in Bengal and is its most likely point of origin. (ppdictionary.com)
In Nepal, cholera is endemic. (biomedcentral.com)

Shigella sonnei, Vibrio cholerae, Campylobacter spp. (bvsalud.org)

This page describes infections involving Vibrio cholerae that do not cause cholera. (cdc.gov)
Most common non-cholera vibrio to cause infections. (hopkinsguides.com)
Cholera infections are often mild. (billingncoding.com)

Abundance of Vibrio cholerae non-01 and Vibrio mimicus in various aquatic components of the pond ecosystem in Matlab, Bangladesh. (scialert.net)
Schauer, S, Sommer, R , Farnleitner, AH & Kirschner, AKT 2012, ' Rapid and sensitive quantification of Vibrio cholerae and Vibrio mimicus in water samples with CARD-FISH combined with solid-phase cytometry ', Applied and Environmental Microbiology , Jg. (kl.ac.at)

To investigate the role of chemotaxis that might function for association of Vibrio cholerae -0139 with different aquatic flora and fauna, the homogenates of four aquatic plants and animals namely water hyacinth ( Eichhornia crassipes ), water cress ( Pistia stratiotes ), oyster ( Lamellidens marginalis ) and snail ( Pila globosa ) were examined in chemotaxis capillary assay. (scialert.net)
Chemotaxis assay revealed that V. cholerae -0139 swims towards the homogenates of aquatic plants and animals with a higher chemotactic response being observed for 4% solution of P. globosa homogenate. (scialert.net)
The influence of temperature and salinity on the chemotaxis of V. cholerae -0139 revealed that at 25 0 C and 1.7% salinity favoured the chemotactic motility towards the homogenates of aquatic flora and fauna. (scialert.net)
Vibrio cholerae -0139 Bengaldash. (scialert.net)
1995. Coexistence of Vibrio cholerae 01 and 0139 Bengal in plankton in Bangla. (scialert.net)
Isolation of Vibrio cholerae 0139 synonym Bengal from aquatic environment in Bangladesh: Implication for disease transmission. (scialert.net)
Occurrence and distribution of culturable Vibrio cholerae 0139 with ctx gene in various components of the aquatic environment in Bangladesh. (scialert.net)

The genomes of Vibrio cholerae O1 Matlab variant MJ-1236, Mozambique O1 El Tor variant B33, and altered O1 El Tor CIRS101 were sequenced. (umd.edu)

Cholera is a severe diarrheal disease with ancient origins, with Sanskrit accounts of the disease from the Indian subcontinent dating to the fifth century B.C. (1). (kenyon.edu)
Our study underscores the need for replacement of erythromycin with an alternative antibiotic for empirical treatment of moderate to severe cholera in pregnant women and children while doxycycline could still be continued for adults. (who.int)

V. cholerae is a facultative anaerobe and has a flagellum at one cell pole as well as pili. (creative-biolabs.com)
V. cholerae is also motile due to its polar flagellum and makes ATP (an energy molecule) by aerobic respiration if oxygen is present, but is also capable of switching to fermentation - facultative anaerobe . (ppdictionary.com)

What's the difference between Vibrio cholerae that cause cholera and those that don't? (cdc.gov)

The earlier pandemics were caused by the classical biotype of V. cholerae O1, whereas the 7th ongoing pandemic is caused by serogroup O1 El Tor and has been the most extensive in geographical spread and duration [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Over the past few years, V. cholerae O1 biotype El Tor causing Asiatic cholera has shown remarkable changes in its phenotypic and genetic characteristics [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The sixth pandemic of cholera and, presumably, the earlier pandemics were caused by the classical biotype of Vibrio cholerae O1, which was progressively replaced by the El Tor biotype representing the seventh cholera pandemic. (johnshopkins.edu)
Although the classical biotype of V. cholerae O1 is extinct, even in southern Bangladesh, the last of the niches where this biotype prevailed, we have identified new varieties of V. cholerae O1, of the El Tor biotype with attributes of the classical biotype, from hospitalized patients with acute diarrhea in Bangladesh. (johnshopkins.edu)

Cholera is an acute diarrheal illness caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Quorum sensing in V. cholerae is well studied and it activates host immune signaling and prolongs host survival, by limiting the bacterial intake of nutrients, such as tryptophan, which further is converted to serotonin. (wikipedia.org)

V. cholerae causes diarrhea in humans by a mechanism that involves close adherence to epithelial cells in the small intestines where they secrete an enterotoxin. (ppdictionary.com)

There are vaccines to prevent cholera. (billingncoding.com)

V. cholerae is often found living symbiotically with zooplankton and shellfish, using the chitin found in their exoskeletons as a carbon and nitrogen source. (kenyon.edu)

Thus, beside other known factors, biofilm formation by V. cholerae on crustacean zooplankton appears to be zooplankton taxon specific and may be controlled by the natural bacterial community. (umd.edu)

Injectable, killed WC cholera vaccines date back to the nineteenth century, but fell in popularity due to unfavorable safety levels and low levels of effectiveness. (qmrawiki.org)

These heightened cAMP levels cause the diarrhea that is characteristic of cholera. (kenyon.edu)
Diarrhea and gastroenteritis (including cholera and dysentery) comes in second position among top ten causes of inpatient morbidity and top ten reasons for OPD consultation. (biomedcentral.com)
Twenty-four strains of V. cholerae O1 isolated between 1991 and 1994 from hospitalized patients with acute diarrhea in Matlab, a rural area of Bangladesh, were examined for the phenotypic and genotypic traits that distinguish the two biotypes of V. cholerae O1. (johnshopkins.edu)

In October 1992, an epidemic of cholera-like illness began in Madras, India, associated with an atypical strain of V. cholerae (2). (cdc.gov)
The absence of strain- and group-specific genomic islands, some of which appear to be prophages and phage-like elements, seems to be the most likely factor in the recent establishment of dominance of V. cholerae CIRS101 over the other two hybrid strains. (umd.edu)

V. cholerae motility, as well as virulence factor expression and outer membrane protein production, has been shown to be affected by bile. (duke.edu)

The aim of this study is to determine the presence of Vibrio cholerae in raw cockles (Anadara granosa) sold in wet markets in Selangor and Pahang, Malaysia and to evaluate the survival of V. cholerae using the polymerase chain reaction in combination with the most probable number (MPN-PCR) and the. (upm.edu.my)

The results reveal a crucial role for the protein, known as VcChiP, in the survival of the cholera bacterium under harsh aquatic conditions when chitinous sugars are often the only source of sustenance. (nature.com)

Although the predominant Vibrio cholerae serotype in Pakistan is Ogawa and serotype Inaba is rare, there has been a significant increase in the isolation of Inaba in our referral laboratory in Karachi. (bvsalud.org)

Se pudo establecer una relación genética del 100% entre cepas de Vibrio cholerae O1 biotipo El Tor serotipo Ogawa productora de toxinas ctxA y tcpA aislada del caso índice del brote de cólera. (bvsalud.org)

Conclusions: We explored the hypothesis that winds have assisted the progress of cholera Vibrios throughout continents. (haifa.ac.il)

Méthodes de laboratoire pour le diagnostic du vibrion cholérique et des autres vibrions = Laboratory methods for the diagnosis of cholera vibrio and other vibrios = Métodos de laboratorio para el diagn'ostico del vibri'on colérico y de los otros vibriones / A. Dodin, J.-M. Fournier. (who.int)

Scholars@Duke publication: Remodelling of the Vibrio cholerae membrane by incorporation of exogenous fatty acids from host and aquatic environments. (duke.edu)
V. cholerae live in both marine and freshwater habitats and in association with aquatic animals where they act as parasites to fish, crustaceans (Figure 2), and mammals, including humans. (ppdictionary.com)

An English physician John Snow was the first to give convincing evidence in London in 1854 that cholera was spread from drinking water - a contagion, not miasma. (wikipedia.org)

Whole genome sequencing and bioinformatics tool MUMmer 3.2.3 was used to compare indigenous and contemporary vibrio cholerae strains circulating in the province of Sindh. (org.pk)

In early 1993, similar epidemics began in Calcutta (with more than 13,000 cases) and in Bangladesh (with more than 10,000 cases and 500 deaths) caused by similarly atypical strains of V. cholerae (3,4). (cdc.gov)
This paper reports this observation and further analysis of previous cholera data from 1993 to 2005 to assess the trend of occurrence and resistance pattern of V. cholerae strains . (bvsalud.org)

Prevalence of Vibrio cholerae. (upm.edu.my)
Prevalence of Vibrio cholerae in cockles in Selangor and Pahang, Malaysia / by: Suzita Ramli. (upm.edu.my)
Prevalence of Vibrio fluvialis in water, sediment and cockles from a river estuary in Malaysia by: Jangi, M.S., et al. (upm.edu.my)
The prevalence of Vibrio cholerae and other Vibrio spp. (univen.ac.za)

Epidemics of cholera-like illness caused by a previously unrecognized organism occurred recently in southern Asia (1). (cdc.gov)
Objectives: The spreading of cholera epidemics may be related to the dominant wind direction over land. (haifa.ac.il)

During the third global pandemic of cholera (1852-1859), there was extensive scientific research to understand the etiology of the disease. (wikipedia.org)

MakA, MakB, and MakE were readily detected in culture supernatants of wild-type V. cholerae, whereas secretion was very much reduced from a flagellum-deficient mutant. (scilifelab.se)

To investigate the existence of genetically diverse vibrio cholerae variant strains in a rural Sindh district, and to find out the phylogenetic relationship of indigenous vibrio cholerae strains. (org.pk)
Vibrio cholerae O1 El Tor variant existed in Khairpur. (org.pk)

Anatomy6

Organisms20

Diseases3

Chemicals and Drugs20

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment8

Phenomena and Processes16

Disciplines and Occupations3

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science3

Health Care5

Geographicals3

O13930

Toxin14

Agent of cholera4

Species16

Parahaemolyticus7

Infection14

Pathogen5

Isolates5

Toxigenic3

Outbreaks5

Causative1

Bacteria5

Pathogenic2

Epidemiology3

Vaccine2

Outbreak3

Epidemic cholera3

Responsible for cholera2

Stool3

Endemic5

Shigella1

Infections3

Mimicus2

01397

Genomes1

Severe2

Facultative anaerobe2

Cause cholera1

Biotype4

Diarrheal1

Quorum1

Enterotoxin1

Prevent cholera1

Shellfish1

Biofilm formation1

Vaccines1

Diarrhea3

Strain2

Virulence factor1

Polymerase chain re1

Protein1

Predominant1

Ogawa1

Conclusions1

Laboratory1

Aquatic2

Drinking water1

Genome1

19932

Prevalence4

Epidemics2

Pandemic1

Secretion1

Variant2