• P. falciparum and S. mansoni infections initiate a T helper immune response [4] [5] , which links the innate and adaptive immune responses against the parasites. (scirp.org)
  • Parasites & Vectors , 2 (1), 41. (dtu.dk)
  • Methodology: This study evaluated the T helper immune responses in individuals with independent S. mansoni infection, independent P. falciparum infection, co-infection and non-infection in school attending children in a co-endemic area along Lake Victoria shores, Uganda. (scirp.org)
  • Infection by Taenia solium poses a major burden across endemic countries. (imperial.ac.uk)
  • An important difference to note, however, was that the Zika epidemic diffused in a shorter time span compared to the persisting feature of Dengue infections, which is endemic in many Asian countries. (frontiersin.org)
  • The disease is endemic in at least 100 countries in the tropics and subtropics with 50 - 100 million infections and 22,000 deaths yearly, causing it to be the leading cause of illness and death in these regions (Waggoner et al. (frontiersin.org)
  • Crude antigenic preparations from Setaria equina were used in ELISA and Western blotting to examine cross-reaction with human sera from areas endemic for bancroftian filariasis. (who.int)
  • In Burkina Faso, S. mansoni infection was endemic in the western and southern areas of the country with a focal distribution before the implementation of the national schistosomiasis control program (NSCP) in 2004 (21). (researchsquare.com)
  • While evidence of human infection has been found in mummies up to 9,000 years old, endemic Chagas disease became established as a zoonosis only in the last 200-300 years, as triatomines adapted to domestic environments. (scielo.br)
  • In May 2019, Dengvaxia® was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the United States for use in children 9-16 years old living in an area with endemic dengue with laboratory confirmed prior dengue virus infection. (cdc.gov)
  • Should 3-doses of Dengvaxia ® be administered routinely to persons 9-16 years of age with laboratory-confirmed previous dengue infection and living in endemic areas to prevent virologically confirmed dengue, hospitalizations and severe dengue? (cdc.gov)
  • Nowadays, although the disease is no longer endemic, there is still the risk of future endemic infections due to the continuous occurrence of imported cases and the possibility of transmission in the country by Anopheles atroparvus Van Thiel, 1927. (researchgate.net)
  • SARS-CoV-2 infection is generally mild or asymptomatic in children but a biological basis for this outcome is unclear. (nature.com)
  • SARS-CoV-2 infection in children is generally asymptomatic or mild and contrasts with high rates of hospitalization and death in older adults 2 . (nature.com)
  • Although the majority of ZIKV infections are asymptomatic, the virus has been associated with congenital birth defects and neurological complications (NC) in adults. (imperial.ac.uk)
  • If not efficiently prevented, asymptomatic infections in combination with reduced mask wearing and social distancing could result in significant continuing circulation of the virus 5 . (nature.com)
  • Although younger individuals are less prone to develop severe disease, they are susceptible to mild COVID-19 or asymptomatic infection and may facilitate circulation of the virus and the potential for further mutation. (nature.com)
  • Mansonella infections are usually asymptomatic. (medscape.com)
  • Human infection is usually asymptomatic in immunocompetent individuals and may remain for life, but in immunocompromised persons, the infection might be fatal [2]. (peertechzpublications.com)
  • Background: Parasitic worms evade immune responses, and interactions between diseases can cause altered immunologic outcomes compared to what usually occurs with single infections. (scirp.org)
  • This will help provide evidence to evaluate chemotherapy and vaccine efficacy to these diseases especially in co-infection situations. (scirp.org)
  • The market for Hospital Acquired Infections Therapeutic is expected to grow, mainly due to increasing prevalence of chronic diseases and hospital acquired infections. (bccresearch.com)
  • He functions as the ECDC national focal point for food- and waterborne disease and for emerging and vector-borne diseases. (escaide.eu)
  • Leishmaniasis refers to a broad group of vector-borne parasitic diseases caused by species of the genus Leishmania . (biomedcentral.com)
  • The American dog tick is the primary RMSF tick vector (an organism that can pass diseases to another organism), and ranges in location throughout the entire eastern half of the United States, plus most of California. (akc.org)
  • Working model is the modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) which is a highly attenuated vaccinia virus strain and currently tested as a vaccine vector against infectious diseases and cancer. (uniklinik-duesseldorf.de)
  • Additionally, advanced sterilization techniques, infection prevention measures, and outbreak management protocols are crucial in preventing the spread of highly infectious diseases, such as COVID-19. (cbinsights.com)
  • We are very pleased to have with us Dr. Laura Adams and Dr. Liliana Sanchez-Gonzales, both of whom are epidemiologists in the Dengue Branch in the Division of Vector-Borne Diseases at CDC's National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases. (cdc.gov)
  • As a medical epidemiologist at CDC since 2012 she is a subject matter expert on various bacterial vector-borne diseases including Lyme disease. (cdc.gov)
  • Her primary tasks involve coordinating human disease surveillance activities for tickborne and mosquito-borne diseases in Minnesota as well as working on a variety of studies and special projects regarding the ecology and epidemiology of vector borne diseases in the upper Midwest. (cdc.gov)
  • All infections and infestations are communicable (transmissible) diseases. (who.int)
  • Dengue is a viral infection transmitted to humans through the bite of infected mosquitoes. (nepjol.info)
  • When the Zika epidemic spread through the American continent and then later to Africa and Asia in 2015, researchers compared the characteristics of the Zika infection to Dengue, considering both these viruses were transmitted primarily through the same vector, the Aedes aegypti female mosquitoes. (frontiersin.org)
  • Dengue is a disease transmitted by mosquitoes, with the primary vector being the Aedes Aegypti mosquito. (frontiersin.org)
  • The results complement existing information on W. bancrofti infections in vector mosquitoes, and provide additional evidence on the feasibility of using xenomonitoring for M&E and surveillance activities post-MDA. (sightsavers.org)
  • Other vectors (lice, mosquitoes, some species of ticks, inanimate objects) can transmit the spirochete mechanically to a susceptible host whenever the piercing apparatus becomes contaminated with blood that contains Borrelia . (merckvetmanual.com)
  • Two main arthropod vectors are responsi-ble for transmission of dengue viruses: Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. (nepjol.info)
  • The Aedes aegypti mosquito is the main vector for the spread of dengue fever. (nepjol.info)
  • Aedes aegypti is the most common vector shown in the image on the top right. (cdc.gov)
  • El dengue es una enfermedad aguda grave considerada actualmente como infección reemergente, cuyo vector principal es el Aedes aegypti. (bvsalud.org)
  • Dengue is an acute disease currently considered a re-emerging infection, whose main vector is Aedes aegypti. (bvsalud.org)
  • Eelco Franz is Head of the Department for Epidemiology and Surveillance of Enteric, Vector-borne and Zoonotic infections. (escaide.eu)
  • Roan Pijnacker is a senior epidemiologist working in the department of Epidemiology and surveillance of enteric, vector-borne, and zoonotic infections at the RIVM. (escaide.eu)
  • His research will focus on investigating the epidemiology and risk factors for dengue and chikungunya virus infections in southern India. (yale.edu)
  • Information on dengue epidemiology is necessary for developing strategies to control infections effectively. (who.int)
  • Infection can occur in humans and other mammals and causes a range of clinical presentations (visceral, cutaneous, mucocutaneous, post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis) [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Humans get the infection through ingestion of bradyzoites present in undercooked meat, raw milk, or oocysts present in foods or water sources contaminated with feces of domestic cats, or even in marine mollusks due to the accumulation of oocysts when soil contaminated with T.gondii flows into the ocean [9-11]. (peertechzpublications.com)
  • Rabbits are also a source of Toxoplasma infection in humans [17]. (peertechzpublications.com)
  • Chagas disease originated millions of years ago as an enzootic infection of wild animals and began to be transmitted to humans as an anthropozoonosis when man invaded wild ecotopes. (scielo.br)
  • In order to better understand how cross-reactive CD8 T cells may be modulating disease outcome by enhancing viral clearance or inducing immunopathology, such as that seen in IM, we continue to characterize the cross-reactive TCR, both functionally and structurally, and examine how cross-reactivity influences the evolution of antigen-specific TCR repertoire development and disease outcome in both mice and humans during viral infections. (umassmed.edu)
  • Because GABA is confined to the CNS in humans and ivermectin does not cross the blood-brain barrier, the drug has no paralytic action in humans. (medscape.com)
  • The organism T cruzi and infection in humans were first described in 1909 by the Brazilian physician Carlos RJ Chagas. (medscape.com)
  • T cruzi infection in humans occurs in a spotty distribution throughout the range of the sylvatic cycle. (medscape.com)
  • In India and other parts of the world, as malaria diagnosis has become easier with high sensitivity point-of-care testing, vector-control strategies typically center around nocturnally-feeding Anopheles spp. (yale.edu)
  • In Kenya, our laboratory has partnered with county and national members in the Ministry of Health to promote an integrated vector-control program that expands on the existing focus on malaria. (yale.edu)
  • Anopheles arabiensis, and Anopheles moucheti are especially as it relates to frequency of blood the major vectors that result in all year donation and malaria occurrence on the part of 6 transmission. (who.int)
  • Since vector abundance constitute one of the foremost factors in malaria transmission, we have created several habitat suitability models to describe this vector species' current distribution. (researchgate.net)
  • It was concluded that habitat suitability for malaria vectors can constitute valuable information on the assessment of several spatial attributes of the disease. (researchgate.net)
  • Cross-reaction was found between S. equina antigens and antibodies in the sera of Wuchereria bancrofti-infected patients, with the highest levels observed between sera of chronic infected patients and Setaria spp. (who.int)
  • In the presence of active S. equina infection, antigens from the adult and microfilaraemic stages showed the highest degree of cross-reaction with human sera. (who.int)
  • We found that CTL responses against MVA-produced antigens were dominated by cross-priming in vivo , despite the ability of the virus to efficiently infect professional antigen-presenting cells (APC) such as dendritic cells (DC). (uniklinik-duesseldorf.de)
  • We use several virus systems, but focus on lymphocytic chorimeningitis (LCMV) and Pichinde (PV) viruses, distantly related arenaviruses whose T cell responses are well defined, and on the poxvirus vaccinia (VV), which is used as a vaccine for smallpox and as a recombinant vaccine and vector for many antigens. (umassmed.edu)
  • The aim of this cross-sectional observational study was to compare the MAC ELISA test developed at the Instituto de Investigaciones en Cienciad de la Salud(IICS) using antigens supplied by the Instituto Pedro Kouri (IPK) of Cuba and Evandro Chagas of Brazil with a commercial kit of M antibody capture ELISA for dengue virus (Focus Diagnostics Inc. Cypress, CA, USA). (bvsalud.org)
  • Bluetongue (BT) is a vector-borne World Organization for Animal Health (founded as the OIE) listed disease, primarily affecting ruminants, caused by the Bluetongue virus (BTV), which belongs to the genus Orbivirus of the family Reoviridae (OIE 2019). (scielo.org.za)
  • 2019). Global estimates for 2013 suggest a total of 58 million symptomatic DENV infections (95% CI 24-122) and 13,586 fatal cases occurred (95% CI 4200-34,700), resulting in a total annual global cost of $8.9 billion (95% CI 3.7-19.7) (Shepard et al. (cdc.gov)
  • 2. Due to conflict, irregular budgetary allocation from national financing mechanisms, the co- endemicity of onchocerciasis and loiasis, and poor surveillance, 13 countries still have high disease prevalence and reservoirs of Onchocerca volvulus infection. (who.int)
  • These instruments may play a critical role as reservoirs or vectors for fungi. (bvsalud.org)
  • These pathogens have animal reservoirs as vectors for transmission. (bvsalud.org)
  • The initial data from our investigation indicates the presence of Leptospira sp in rodent vectors, Rattus, Lophuromys and Praomys , which are the potential small mammalian reservoirs of this pathogen in Cote d'Ivoire. (bvsalud.org)
  • A key approach in the study of disease pathogenesis is to better understand the host response to viral infection to various viruses. (usda.gov)
  • Our interests range from classical human pathogens to emerging viruses and arboviruses, with research areas covering antiviral responses, virus-host interactions, molecular virology, structural virology, clinical virology, vector-biology and virus discovery. (gla.ac.uk)
  • The second use of phylogenetic information, and our focus, is to predict relationships among pathogens and their hosts and/or vectors. (springer.com)
  • specifically, initially identifying and focusing on the phenomenon of heterologous immunity, whereby memory T cell responses to pathogens can influence the outcome to subsequent infection with unrelated pathogens. (umassmed.edu)
  • Proper investigation of the pathogens in their rodent vectors could help reduce and manage their emergence and spread. (bvsalud.org)
  • Understanding geographical variation in age-prevalence profiles and force-of-infection (FoI) estimates will inform intervention designs across settings. (imperial.ac.uk)
  • The main objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and risk factors associated with Schistosoma (S.) mansoni infection among PSAC from Panamasso village, western Burkina Faso. (researchsquare.com)
  • The prevalence of S. mansoni infection as determined by Kato-Katz, formol-ether concentration, and POC-CCA was 42.1%, 39.5% and 80.7%, respectively. (researchsquare.com)
  • In 2010, the prevalence of S. mansoni infection among SAC ranged from 3.3 to 39.1% with the highest prevalence (39.1%) recorded in Panamasso village (23). (researchsquare.com)
  • Data on the prevalence and distribution of Chagas disease improved in quality during the 1980s as a result of the demographically representative cross-sectional studies in countries where accurate information was not previously available. (scielo.br)
  • A group of experts met in Brasilia in 1979 and devised standard protocols to carry out countrywide prevalence studies on human T. cruzi infection and triatomine house infestation. (scielo.br)
  • A cross-sectional monitoring of dairy cattle in Belgium showed an overall prevalence of 3.8% on herd level and 0.2% on animal level. (sciensano.be)
  • Our studies in human viral infections on heterologous immunity and cross-reactive T cell responses during Epstein Barr virus (EBV) infection only begin to scratch the surface of the prevalence and potential impact of cross-reactive T cell responses on both vaccine development and immunopathology. (umassmed.edu)
  • It appears to have spread most widely during the post-Colombian period, especially from the mid 19th to mid 20th centuries when the human infection appears to have peaked in incidence and prevalence. (eurekaselect.com)
  • Supported by model analyses, our results suggest that multitypic DENV infection may protect from, rather than enhance, development of CZS. (cdc.gov)
  • Secondary DENV infections can be more severe than primary infections because of antibody-dependent enhancement (i.e., heterotypic subneutralizing antibodies enhancing virus entry into poorly susceptible cells) ( 15 , 16 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Zika virus infection can also be enhanced by DENV antibodies in vitro ( 17 , 18 ) and in mice ( 19 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Following an infection with one DENV serotype, the antibodies induced are type-specific and also cross-reactive with other DENV sero-types (Wilder-Smith et al. (cdc.gov)
  • The World Health Organization recommends that the vaccine only be given to persons with confirmed prior dengue virus infection. (cdc.gov)
  • One hundred years since the discovery of Chagas disease associated with Trypanosoma cruzi infection, growing attention has focused on understanding the evolution in parasite-human host interaction. (scielo.br)
  • Dated prior to contact with Europeans, these results confirm that Chagas disease affected prehistoric human groups in other regions outside the Andean altiplanos and other transmission areas on the Pacific Coast, previously considered the origin of T. cruzi infection in the human host. (scielo.br)
  • El objetivo de este estudio observacional analítico de corte transverso fu ecomparar la prueba del MAC ELISA desarrollada en el Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud (IICS) utilizando antígenos suministrados por el Instituto Pedro Kouri(IPK) de Cuba y el Evandro Chagas de Brasil, con el kit comercial ELISA IgM por capturapara virus del dengue (Focus Diagnostics Inc. Cypress, CA, USA). (bvsalud.org)
  • Chagas disease, also known as American trypanosomiasis, is caused by infection with the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi . (medscape.com)
  • A minority of persons with long-standing T cruzi infection develop the serious cardiac and gastrointestinal problems that characterize chronic symptomatic Chagas disease. (medscape.com)
  • Meanwhile, the cross-reactivity of CD8+ and CD4+ T cells response to Dengue and Zika viruses provide important clues for further development of potential treatments. (frontiersin.org)
  • Together, this information appraises the current understanding of both Zika and Dengue infections, providing insights for future vaccine design approaches against both viruses. (frontiersin.org)
  • Recently, Liying has been involved in a new project to investigate cross-kingdom virus infections using insect, plant and fungal viruses. (apsnet.org)
  • Furthermore, although numerous studies have detailed molecular phylogenetic analysis for both viruses, there are few studies exploring the local risk factors and behaviors associated with infection in southern India (Rai, 2021). (yale.edu)
  • Next to the optimization of the vector backbone and expression of target genes, we aim to optimize protocols for generation, isolation and molecular characterization of MVA vector viruses e.g. by using recombinant BAC-technology. (uniklinik-duesseldorf.de)
  • We have identified a matrix of cross-reactive epitopes between viruses, and developed both systemic and respiratory infection model systems. (umassmed.edu)
  • Infection with the dengue virus leads to lifelong type-specific immunity against the infecting dengue virus and short-term cross-protective immunity to the other dengue viruses, usually for about one to three years. (cdc.gov)
  • 3.D. Evaluate SVA new vaccine platforms and determine whether vaccines against SVA will cross-react with FMDV or interfere with FMDV serological surveillance. (usda.gov)
  • Development of vaccines that provide better cross-protective immunity than what is currently available with today's vaccines will be approached through vaccine vector platform development, attenuated strains for vaccines and other novel technologies. (usda.gov)
  • Achieving sufficient worldwide vaccination coverage against SARS-CoV-2 will require additional approaches to currently approved viral vector and mRNA vaccines. (nature.com)
  • Importantly, the use of vector-based vaccines will require cautious and long-term safety assessment when using in children and pregnant women. (nature.com)
  • Our group focuses on the immunobiology of poxviruses and their development and characterization as viral vectors and recombinant vaccines. (uniklinik-duesseldorf.de)
  • The adoption of up-to-date methodology for convenient vector generation, vector quality control, and vector vaccine immune monitoring has increased the pace bringing recombinant MVA vaccines into clinical trials. (uniklinik-duesseldorf.de)
  • Subsequently spread through internal population migrations, the disease would have become more widespread where the insect vectors became associated with rural settlements. (eurekaselect.com)
  • The infective forms of T cruzi are contained in the feces of the insect vectors and gain entry into its mammalian hosts through contamination. (medscape.com)
  • Epimastigotes are an extracellular and noninfective form of the parasite found in the midgut of insect vectors, where they multiply by binary fission. (medscape.com)
  • The epimastigote form of Trypanosoma cruzi is the multiplying stage of the parasite that grows in the gut of the insect vector and also in cell-free culture medium as shown here. (medscape.com)
  • 2.B. Investigate and develop vaccine platforms that induce broadly cross-protective immune responses against PEDV, override PEDV vaccine interference from passively acquired immunity, and rapidly adapt to new and emerging porcine coronaviruses. (usda.gov)
  • The effects of heterologous immunity are now known, at least in part, to be mediated by cross-reactive T cell responses and mediate both protective effects, immune enhancement and can induce immunopathology. (umassmed.edu)
  • In the past decade she has published and spoken on numerous aspects of the heterologous immunity and CD8 T cell cross-reactivity. (umassmed.edu)
  • Mechanisms of viral immunology: heterologous immunity and CD8 T cell crossreactivity during viral infections. (umassmed.edu)
  • Memory T cells laid down as a consequence of one infection can influence protective immunity and immunopathology associated with a second unrelated virus. (umassmed.edu)
  • The focus of our work is to develop a better understanding of the mechanisms associated with the induction of heterologous immunity, specifically the role cross-reactive memory T cell responses and cytokines play in decreasing or augmenting viral replication and altering immunopathology. (umassmed.edu)
  • While the standard filarial life cycle pattern involves a vertebrate definitive host and an invertebrate vector, represented by a blood-sucking ectoparasite, our finding suggests that microfilariae of this nematode species may also be semen-borne, with transmission intensity promoted by the polygynous mating system of vespertilionid bats in which an infected male mates with many females during the autumn swarming. (frontiersin.org)
  • When scant information is available about a novel emerging virus, understanding it within a framework of evolutionary relationships can help characterize it in the context of its most closely related species and their known hosts and vectors. (springer.com)
  • suitability models to describe this vector species' current distribution. (researchgate.net)
  • On the basis of infection types, the market is sub-segmented under surgical site infections, urinary tract infections, ventilator-associated pneumonia, central line-associated bloodstream infection and many others. (bccresearch.com)
  • To date, international guidelines recommend to use institutional antibiograms in the development of empiric antibiotic therapies [ 3 ] and Machine Learning methods could help physicians in the empirical treatment of the urinary tract infections (UTIs). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Older adults are more prone than younger individuals in developing urinary tract infections because of incomplete bladder emptying (often related to prostatic enlargement in men), higher rate of catheter usage and increased susceptibility to infection associated with frailty [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The session explores the implementation of the EU Regulation 2022/2371, from 26 December 2022, which addresses serious cross-border health threats. (escaide.eu)
  • As part of the European Health Union package, the EU Regulation 2022/2371 on serious cross-border threats to health has entered into force on 26 December 2022. (escaide.eu)
  • Avian spirochetosis is an acute bacterial infection transmitted by tick to a wide range of birds. (merckvetmanual.com)
  • They are tachyzoites (present as clusters or clones in acute infections), bradyzoites (in the form of chronic infections that arise from tissue cysts), and sporozoites (produced during sexual reproduction in the form of oocysts) [4]. (peertechzpublications.com)
  • These cross-reactive T cells were found to participate in acute infectious mononucleosis (IM). (umassmed.edu)
  • ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Hard ticks have been identified as important vectors of rickettsiae causing the spotted fever syndrome. (dtu.dk)
  • infection, CFWSA is useful to detect chronic W. bancrofti infection before patients become symptomatic, particularly when chronic patients are known to be amicrofilaraemic. (who.int)
  • Unilateral left lower leg elephantiasis secondary to Wuchereria bancrofti infection in a boy. (medscape.com)
  • In school-aged children (SAC) (i.e. 6-15 years), chronic infections with S. mansoni cause anemia, growth retardation and cognitive impairment (5). (researchsquare.com)
  • Further studies are needed (chronic infections, co-abundance analyses, intestinal sampling, functional analysis) to confirm these findings and to determine more precisely the possible relationship between microbiome composition and VL infection. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Infections by Trypanosoma cruzi are transmitted commonly by triatomines, hematophagous insects adapted to anthropophilic behavior. (eurekaselect.com)
  • The migration of the Latin American populations to North America, Europe, Asia and Oceania has made the parasite cross the seas, so as to secure the Trypanosoma cruzi survival by means of blood transfusion and by congenital transmission from mother to offspring. (eurekaselect.com)
  • This mechanism of transmission contrasts with that of the two subspecies of African trypanosomes that cause human disease, Trypanosoma brucei gambiense and Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense , which are transmitted via the saliva of their vectors, and with the mechanism by which a nonpathogenic trypanosome found in the Americas, Trypanosoma rangeli , is transmitted to its mammalian hosts. (medscape.com)
  • We combined multiple data sources to improve estimates of ZIKV infection attack rates (IARs), reporting rates of Zika virus disease (ZVD) and the risk of ZIKV-associated NC for 28 capital cities in Colombia. (imperial.ac.uk)
  • The estimated ZVD reporting rate was 0.013 (95% CrI: 0.004-0.024), and 0.51 (95% CrI: 0.17-0.92) cases of ZIKV-associated NC were estimated to be reported per 10 000 ZIKV infections. (imperial.ac.uk)
  • An illness due to a specific infectious agent or its toxic products that arises through transmission of such agent or products from an infected person, animal, or reservoir to a susceptible host, either directly or indirectly through an intermediate plant or animal host, vector, or the inanimate environment. (who.int)
  • Our research is directed to develop new approaches for viral vector design, novel vaccine formulations with improved efficacy and optimized preventive and therapeutic MVA-based immunization strategies (e.g. vaccination protocols for T cell-pillowed immunotherapy). (uniklinik-duesseldorf.de)
  • New cases of vector-borne T cruzi infection usually occur in persons who live in primitive houses in areas where the sylvatic cycle is active. (medscape.com)
  • T cruzi infection is life-long. (medscape.com)
  • Objectives: The overall aim was therefore, to elucidate the impact of S. mansoni infection on protective T helper immune responses on P. falciparum and S. mansoni co-infection. (scirp.org)
  • S. mansoni infection is a major contributor of a reduced effective T helper immune response against P. falciparum in P. falciparum and S. mansoni co-infection. (scirp.org)
  • Potential risk factors for S. mansoni infection were explored using multivariable logistic regression. (researchsquare.com)
  • The geometric mean intensity of S. mansoni infection was 107.2 eggs per gram of faeces with 54.2%, 33.3%, and 12.5% of the children having light, moderate, and heavy infections, respectively. (researchsquare.com)
  • Girls (AOR = 2.9, 95% CI: 1.3-6.1), a household located within 500 m from the pond (AOR = 3.0, 95% CI: 1.0-8.6), or between 500 and 1000 m from the pond (AOR = 3.0, 95% CI: 1.2-7.2), and child's history of going to the pond (AOR = 5.0, 95% CI: 1.7-14.3) were the variables significantly associated with S. mansoni infection. (researchsquare.com)
  • The main morbidities due to S. mansoni infection in preschool-aged children (PSAC) i.e. under 6 years, are anemia, hepatosplenomegaly, and hepatic fibrosis with a higher risk in PSAC of age group 37-60 months (6). (researchsquare.com)
  • PSAC have been considered as a low risk group for S. mansoni infection (7,8), and are therefore so far excluded from various schistosomiasis control programs in Africa, resulting in a health inequity in affected people (9). (researchsquare.com)
  • Although several studies have reported prevalences of S. mansoni infection ranging from 0.9 to 86% in PSAC (6,10-19), the risk factors associated with this parasite infection remain poorly studied (11,12,14,16,20). (researchsquare.com)
  • Plasmo- list and is the major cause of death in chil- dium falciparum infection is overwhelm- dren under the age of 5 years. (who.int)
  • This review discusses similarities between Dengue and Zika infections, comparing their disease transmissions and vectors involved, and both the innate and adaptive immune responses in these infections. (frontiersin.org)
  • Consideration of the genetic identity of both the Dengue and Zika flaviviruses as well as the cross-reactivity of relevant T cells along with the actions of CD4+ cytotoxic cells in these infections are also presented. (frontiersin.org)
  • Finally, a summary of the immune biomarkers that have been reported for dengue and Zika viral infections are discussed which may be useful indicators for future anti-viral targets or predictors for disease severity. (frontiersin.org)
  • In addition, there are uncertainties about the long-term efficacy and safety of these first-in-class vector or mRNA vaccine platforms, with a limited history of use, particularly in vulnerable individuals, including frail, older individuals, people with co-morbidities, and immunosuppressed patients. (nature.com)
  • It was Besides referred that the suitable types of pyrimidines of rodents at such and bulk Advances( PPT as the protein of chloride, rice, the receptor of copy after coding the vector) mRNA gene analysis combining the polymorphism authors at older promoters( 8, 10, 11). (scoutconnection.com)
  • Suboptimal T helper immune responses were detected in independent S. mansoni infections characterized by significantly down regulated Th1 (Z = -1.425, p = 0.0313) response in comparison to the non-infected group. (scirp.org)
  • Therefore, children generate robust, cross-reactive and sustained immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 with focused specificity for the spike protein. (nature.com)
  • Therefore, it is imperative to understand the profile of SARS-CoV-2-specific immune responses in children after natural infection to inform vaccination strategy. (nature.com)
  • The presence of R. helvetica in fleas isolated from small rodents supported our hypothesis that cross-infection can occur under natural conditions, since R. typhi/prowazekii and R. helvetica as well as their vectors share rodents as reservoir hosts. (dtu.dk)
  • The trypomastigote is the infective flagellated form of the parasite found in the blood of the mammalian hosts (blood trypomastigote) and in the hindgut of vectors (metacyclic trypomastigote). (medscape.com)
  • Despite revised clinical classifications of dengue infections by the World Health Organization, the wide spectrum of the manifestations of dengue illness continues to pose challenges in diagnosis and patient management for clinicians. (frontiersin.org)
  • Leishmania infantum infection elicited moderate clinical signs and lesions and a steady increase in specific anti- Leishmania serum IgG. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Few reports of clinical Bluetongue virus (BTV) infections have been described in dogs. (scielo.org.za)
  • This report describes the clinical presentation, diagnostic investigations and successful treatment of a dog with BTV infection. (scielo.org.za)
  • This is the first case report of a naturally occurring clinical BTV infection in a dog. (scielo.org.za)
  • To the authors' knowledge, there are only five published reports of clinical BTV infection in dogs. (scielo.org.za)
  • For unknown reasons, clinical BTV infections have only been reported in pregnant dogs (Osburn 1994). (scielo.org.za)
  • This publication aims to describe the clinical investigation, diagnosis and treatment of a pregnant dog surviving a naturally occurring case of clinical BTV infection. (scielo.org.za)
  • Survival of clinical BTV infection in dogs following the development of dyspnoea has not previously been reported. (scielo.org.za)
  • The most common vector is Argas persicus , the "cosmopolitan" fowl tick, but other Argas spp transmit the bacteria in different geographic areas. (merckvetmanual.com)
  • In our study using a vaccinia virus infection model, we found that T cell cross-competition is highly relevant during boost vaccination, thereby shaping the immunodominance hierarchy in the recall. (nih.gov)
  • Control is largely dependent on using insecticides to control the aphid vectors. (wikipedia.org)
  • In 1974, a comprehensive health, agricultural production and rural development partnership, the Onchocerciasis Control Programme (OCP), was established in 11 west African countries.2 The main strategy used by the programme was vector control through application of larvicides to riverine blackfly breeding sites. (who.int)
  • The cost-benefit analysis of investment in the vector control programme in Brazil indicates that there are savings of US$17 in medical care and disabilities for each dollar spent on prevention, showing that the programme is a health investment with very high return. (scielo.br)
  • In particular, we are aiming to characterize the molecular and cellular mechanisms which control and shape the quality and quantity of antigen-specific CD8+ and CD4+ T cell responses during viral infections or vector-based vaccination. (uniklinik-duesseldorf.de)
  • In this data-driven research on 1387 infection control startups & scaleups, you get insights into technology solutions such as molecular diagnostics, outbreak prevention & management, advanced sterilization, and much more! (cbinsights.com)
  • However, conventional methods of infection control, such as hand hygiene and disinfection, have become inadequate due to the rise of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and human carelessness. (cbinsights.com)
  • Consequently, startups working in the infection control spectrum develop technology solutions to tackle these challenges, including rapid diagnostic tests, digital infection tracking systems, and novel disinfection technologies. (cbinsights.com)
  • These infection control trends and advanced solutions empower hospitals, clinics, and medical professionals to manage and prevent infections more efficiently, resulting in better patient outcomes. (cbinsights.com)
  • Innovation Map outlines the Top 10 Infection Control Trends & 20 Promising Startups For this in-depth research on the Top 10 Infection Control Trends & Startups, we analyzed a sample of 1387 global healthcare startups & scaleups. (cbinsights.com)
  • In the Infection Control Innovation Map below, you get a comprehensive overview of the innovation trends & startups that impact your company. (cbinsights.com)
  • Tree Map reveals the Impact of the Top 10 Infection Control Trends Based on the Infection Control Innovation Map, the Tree Map below illustrates the impact of the Top 10 Infection Control Trends in 2023. (cbinsights.com)
  • Click to download Global Startup Heat Map covers 1387 Infection Control Startups & Scaleups The Global Startup Heat Map below highlights the global distribution of the 1387 exemplary startups & scaleups that we analyzed for this research. (cbinsights.com)
  • the main vector of dengue, has proved highly difficult to control, and continues to expand its geographic range. (cdc.gov)
  • Community-based vector control and prevention programmes are needed to restrict the spread of dengue into new geographical areas in the southern provinces of Lao PDR. (who.int)
  • The geographic distribution of VL is increasing due to human migration and travel, as well as the spread of vector populations to previously unaffected regions [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • EBV likely activates multiple populations of cross-reactive memory cells involved in the development of IM, and we have been able to provide evidence that those specific to FLU-M1 can contribute to this phenomenon. (umassmed.edu)
  • As of Nov. 30, all exempt essential service providers, including truckers, have been required to identify their vaccination status online via ArriveCAN , regardless of whether or not they are allowed to cross as unvaccinated. (princegeorgecitizen.com)
  • To understand the differential gene expression in Anopheles following infection with drug-resistant Plasmodium , we conducted a genome-wide transcriptomic profiling analysis of Anopheles stephensi following feeding on mice with drug-resistant or drug-sensitive P. yoelii , observed changes in gene expression profiles and identified transcripts affected by the drug-resistant parasite. (biomedcentral.com)
  • ingly predominant (90%) and Anopheles arabiensis is the main vector. (who.int)
  • Tick prevention is the best method to prevent infection, according to Dr. Claire Wiley, DVM, DACVIM, Executive Director of the AKC DNA Program. (akc.org)
  • The COVID-19 pandemic highlights the critical need for effective infection management and prevention. (cbinsights.com)
  • The purpose of this study in Ghana was to evaluate LF transmission in vectors using dissection and molecular xenomonitoring as diagnostic tools. (sightsavers.org)
  • Innovations in molecular diagnostics and pharmaceuticals also contribute to the development of novel treatment strategies for infections resistant to conventional medications. (cbinsights.com)
  • In cultivated crops plants cease producing marketable fruits within 1-2 weeks of infection and serious financial losses can occur, particularly in courgette and marrow crops. (wikipedia.org)
  • Case report: Filarial infection of a parti-coloured bat: Litomosa sp. (frontiersin.org)
  • Filarial infections have been understudied in bats. (frontiersin.org)
  • As such, recent hCoV infection might presensitize children against SARS-CoV-2 infection and may explain cross-reactive SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing antibodies in some seronegative children 15 . (nature.com)
  • Vaccine-elicited antibodies cross-neutralize different SARS-CoV-2 variants, including D614G, B1.1.7 and to a lesser extent B1.351. (nature.com)
  • Consequently, recurrent infections are common, generating concern that a similar pattern will be observed after SARS-CoV-2 infection. (nature.com)
  • One of the causes is the recurrent infection that leads to development of multidrug resistance (MDR). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Furthermore, on the basis of mode of transmission, the market is segmented into direct or indirect contact, vector borne, air borne and water droplet. (bccresearch.com)
  • Possible routes of infection were direct contact, midge-borne, or ingestion of infected afterbirth or abortus from sheep. (scielo.org.za)
  • Elizabeth is a senior epidemiologist with the vector borne disease program at the Minnesota Department of Health. (cdc.gov)
  • Dengue is the most prevalent vector-borne disease country has experienced multiple outbreaks, not just in in south-east Asia. (who.int)
  • Age, co-morbidities, host genetics, and virus strain are risk factors for severe dengue with heterotypic secondary infections being the most prominent factor associated with severe dengue (Wilder-Smith et al. (cdc.gov)
  • We have identified directly ex vivo and in bulk T cell cultures HLA-A2-restricted cross-reactive CD8 T cell responses that recognize both EBV BMLF-1 and influenza A M1 HLA-A2 restricted epitopes. (umassmed.edu)
  • Two of 5 IM patients with augmented FLU-M1 responses had high levels of tetramer-defined cross-reactive cells as measured directly ex vivo in their peripheral blood. (umassmed.edu)