EmbolismDiseaseArterial pressureResistancePrecapillary pulmonary hypertensionForms of pulmonary hypertensionTreatment of pulmonary hypertensionArteriesDisordersIdiopathic pulmonary arterial hypMean pulmonaryArtery pressureCirculationComplicationsPresence of pulmonary hypertensionSevere pulmonary hypertensionAcutePatients with pulmonary hypertensionApneaPrimaryAbstractCongenitalSecondaryPulmonaleFibrosisDiagnosisBlood vesselsPathophysiologic conditionVesselsVasodilatorsLung DiseasesHemodynamicAbnormalitiesHeritableLeft ventricularCritical Care MedLeads to right-sided heart failureDiseasesClinicalPPHNBaseline characteristics2022IPAHCatheterizationEchocardiography
Embolism6
- Tools for the classification, diagnosis, and management of pulmonary embolism and pulmonary hypertension have been developed and optimized, providing clinicians with detailed and updated guidelines. (karger.com)
- Risk factors include a family history, prior pulmonary embolism (blood clots in the lungs), HIV/AIDS, sickle cell disease, cocaine use, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, sleep apnea, living at high altitudes, and problems with the mitral valve. (wikipedia.org)
- Pulmonary Embolism (PE) Pulmonary embolism (PE) is the occlusion of pulmonary arteries by thrombi that originate elsewhere, typically in the large veins of the legs or pelvis. (msdmanuals.com)
- Risk factors for pulmonary embolism are. (msdmanuals.com)
- Acute cor pulmonale is usually attributed to embolism or acute pulmonary edema. (cdc.gov)
- Venous thromboembolism (VTE), comprising deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), is a serious clinical and public health concern [ 1, 2 ]. (cdc.gov)
Disease21
- Suspect PPHN whenever the level of hypoxemia is out of proportion to the level of pulmonary disease. (medscape.com)
- The diagnosis is confirmed regardless of the pulmonary arterial pressure, as long as it is accompanied by a right-to-left shunt and absence of congenital heart disease. (medscape.com)
- Pulmonary vascular disease in bronchopulmonary dysplasia: pulmonary hypertension and beyond. (ucdenver.edu)
- 1. To understand the significance of placental vascular dysfunction in the development of neonatal lung disease. (uchicago.edu)
- This guideline document sought to discuss the state of knowledge of pregnancy effects on pulmonary vascular disease and to define usual practice in avoidance of pregnancy and pregnancy management. (pvrinstitute.org)
- A 1973 World Health Organization meeting was the first attempt to classify pulmonary hypertension by its cause, and a distinction was made between primary PH (resulting from a disease of the pulmonary arteries) and secondary PH (resulting secondary to other, non-vascular causes). (wikipedia.org)
- Unlike selective pulmonary vasodilators alone, approaches directed at inflammatory vascular remodeling have the potential to arrest or even reverse the disease. (nih.gov)
- The Registry to EValuate Early And Long-term pulmonary arterial hypertension disease management (REVEAL Registry) was established to provide updated characteristics of patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and to improve diagnosis, treatment, and management. (nih.gov)
- Researchers partly funded by NHLBI have identified a drug that could treat, and perhaps reverse, pulmonary arterial hypertension, a severe lung disease with a five-year survival rate of 50 percent. (nih.gov)
- The fundamental physiological disturbance in pulmonary hypertension is an increase in right ventricular (RV) afterload, regardless of disease aetiology. (bmj.com)
- Pulmonary hypertension associated with left-sided heart disease (PH-LHD) is the most common type of pulmonary hypertension. (smw.ch)
- In patients with left-sided heart disease, the presence of pulmonary hypertension is typically a marker of more advanced disease, more severe symptoms, and worse prognosis. (smw.ch)
- Objectives To test the hypothesis that vascular abnormalities on high-resolution CT (HRCT) would be associated with echocardiographic changes and lung function abnormalities in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) and the decline in lung function seen in SCD patients. (bmj.com)
- Vascular abnormalities on high-resolution CT (HRCT) would be associated with echocardiographic changes and lung function abnormalities in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) and with the decline in lung function seen in SCD patients. (bmj.com)
- Non-neoplastic smoke-related lung disease: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, small airways disease/respiratory bronchiolitis, Langerhans cell histiocytosis of the lung. (unibo.it)
- Complications of the disease are difficult to treat when the increase in pulmonary vascular resistance is due to blood vessel destruction as in cases of silicosis. (cdc.gov)
- The diagnostic assessment in idiopathic pulmonary artery hypertension (IPAH) includes a variety of blood studies, coagulation studies, tests for collagen-vascular disease, and imaging studies, as well as a variety of other tests and procedures. (medscape.com)
- Enhancing Insights into Pulmonary Vascular Disease through a Precision Medicine Approach. (bvsalud.org)
- Using Omics to Understand and Treat Pulmonary Vascular Disease. (cdc.gov)
- Primary pulmonary hypertension (PPH) is a rare disease characterized by elevated pulmonary artery pressure with no apparent cause. (medscape.com)
- She spends 50% of her time in the research lab with focus on pulmonary vascular disease, and the role of the extracellular matrix in vascular remodelling. (lu.se)
Arterial pressure4
- In Australia, PAH therapy could be prescribed solely on mean pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP) and pulmonary arterial wedge pressure (PAWP) criteria. (ersjournals.com)
- According to the definition at the 6th World Symposium of Pulmonary Hypertension in 2018, a patient is deemed to have pulmonary hypertension if the pulmonary mean arterial pressure is greater than 20mmHg at rest, revised down from a purely arbitrary 25mmHg, and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) greater than 3 Wood units. (wikipedia.org)
- While current therapeutics reduce pulmonary arterial pressure and increase time to death or transplant, median survival remains only 5-7 years from diagnosis. (nih.gov)
- Several studies showed that use of a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) in patients with fixed PH who were initially deemed ineligible for HTx effectively decreased pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP), thus permitting HTx. (fujita-hu.ac.jp)
Resistance7
- It leads to occlusion of distal pulmonary arterioles, with accompanying increase in pulmonary vascular resistance. (cincinnatichildrens.org)
- The pathogenesis of arterial hypertension often involves a rise in systemic vascular resistance (vasoconstriction and vascular remodeling) and impairment of salt excretion in the kidney (inappropriate salt retention despite elevated blood pressure). (nature.com)
- We recently encountered a candidate for HTx who had severe PH with extremely high pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR). (fujita-hu.ac.jp)
- The left ventricle (LV) must generate a relatively high-pressure gradient to overcome the high systemic vascular resistance (SVR), whereas the RV needs to generate a lower pressure gradient to overcome the lower pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR). (medscape.com)
- In a pathologic state, PH of all forms leads to an increase in resistance to flow across the pulmonary vascular bed. (medscape.com)
- In general, there are two major factors which modulate the RV afterload, a steady component and a pulsatile component which are often represented by pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) and pulmonary arterial compliance (PAC), respectively (figure 1). (bmj.com)
- Children born preterm had significantly smaller right atria, right ventricles with smaller widths, higher relative wall thickness and higher estimated pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) than controls. (lu.se)
Precapillary pulmonary hypertension3
- Data is lacking on the natural history, response to therapy and survival of patients diagnosed with precapillary pulmonary hypertension (PH) with mild or borderline elevation of PVR. (ersjournals.com)
- In contrast to pulmonary arterial hypertension, PH-LHD is characterised by an elevated pulmonary artery wedge pressure (postcapillary pulmonary hypertension) without or with an additional precapillary component (isolated postcapillary vs combined postcapillary and precapillary pulmonary hypertension). (smw.ch)
- PPH is also termed precapillary pulmonary hypertension or, as is currently preferred, idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH). (medscape.com)
Forms of pulmonary hypertension1
- Our program has long been recognized for its research of different forms of pulmonary hypertension. (inova.org)
Treatment of pulmonary hypertension3
- These guidelines are endorsed by the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation, and provide the current framework for understanding and treatment of pulmonary hypertension. (wikipedia.org)
- Treatment of pulmonary hypertension (PH) in neonates is a major challenge on the intensive care unit and involves high morbidity and mortality. (eur.nl)
- 2015 ESC/ERS Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary hypertension: The Joint Task Force for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Pulmonary Hypertension of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the European Respiratory Society (ERS): Endorsed by: Association for European Paediatric and Congenital Cardiology (AEPC), International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation (ISHLT). (smw.ch)
Arteries4
- Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a haemodynamic consequence of obstructive remodelling of the small pulmonary arteries and patients can progress to right-heart failure and death [ 1 ]. (ersjournals.com)
- Pulmonary Hypertension (PH) is a pathophysiologic condition characterized by elevated pressure in the pulmonary arteries. (cincinnatichildrens.org)
- Pulmonary hypertension (PH or PHTN) is a condition of increased blood pressure in the arteries of the lungs. (wikipedia.org)
- Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by dysregulated cell proliferation and infiltration of activated inflammatory cells leading to progressive narrowing and obliteration of the distal pulmonary arteries. (nih.gov)
Disorders4
- This volume provides the latest information on the fast-growing and challenging field of acute and chronic pulmonary vascular disorders from some of the field's major leaders in research, education, and care. (karger.com)
- Using the linked Scottish Morbidity Record scheme, data from all adults aged 16-65 yrs admitted with PAH (idiopathic PAH, pulmonary hypertension associated with congenital heart abnormalities and pulmonary hypertension associated with connective tissue disorders) during the period 1986-2001 were identified. (ersjournals.com)
- Vascular disorders of the lung: thromboembolism, pulmonary infarction and hemorrhage, pulmonary hypertension (primary and secondary). (unibo.it)
- Acute cor pulmonale is associated with disorders that induce severe alveolar hypoxia including pulmonary edema associated with toxic exposures to silica dusts (7631869), asbestos (1332214), beryllium (7440417), tungsten-carbide (12070121), antigenic agents causing allergic alveolitis, cadmium (7440439), graphite (7782425), hemp, and coal and uranium mine dusts. (cdc.gov)
Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hyp2
- Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension in childhood. (medscape.com)
- Lung transplantation in children with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension. (medscape.com)
Mean pulmonary1
- The haemodynamic constellation (mean pulmonary artery pressure, mean pulmonary artery wedge pressure, left ventricular end-diastolic pressure) in combination with clinical information and imaging findings (mainly echocardiography, coronary angiography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging) will usually allow the exact mechanism underlying PH-LHD to be defined, which is a prerequisite for appropriate treatment. (smw.ch)
Artery pressure3
- 4 PAP, pulmonary artery pressure. (bmj.com)
- Independent and additive prognostic value of right ventricular systolic function and pulmonary artery pressure in patients with chronic heart failure. (smw.ch)
- Diagnosis is made by finding elevated pulmonary artery pressure (estimated by echocardiography and confirmed by right heart catheterization). (msdmanuals.com)
Circulation7
- The pulmonary circulation is by nature difficult to evaluate for the clinician and a challenge to investigate by radiographic and hemodynamic methods. (karger.com)
- In contrast to adult primary pulmonary hypertension, the newborn syndrome is not defined by a specific pressure of the pulmonary circulation. (medscape.com)
- Furthermore, the pulmonary circulation is highly pulsatile and it is estimated that the pulsatile component of the pulmonary arterial load accounts for 25% of RV power, as compared with 10% in a systemic left ventricle-aorta coupled system. (bmj.com)
- In the pulmonary circulation, distal vessels may contribute more to total compliance compared with the systemic circulation. (bmj.com)
- Pulmonary hypertension is increased pressure in the pulmonary circulation. (msdmanuals.com)
- Pulmonary Circulation. (lu.se)
- Our aim was to test the hypothesis that children surviving extremely preterm birth have important structural or functional changes of the right heart or pulmonary circulation. (lu.se)
Complications2
- Development of novel therapeutic approaches to bolster kinin activity in the vascular wall and in specific compartments in the kidney might be a highly effective strategy for the treatment of hypertension and its complications, including cardiac hypertrophy and renal failure. (nature.com)
- Hypertension (n = 144, 36.0%) and diabetes without chronic complications (n = 77, 19.3%) were the most prevalent comorbidities. (who.int)
Presence of pulmonary hypertension1
- Evidence of tricuspid insufficiency and pulmonic regurgitation is also sought and, if present, is consistent with the presence of pulmonary hypertension. (wikipedia.org)
Severe pulmonary hypertension3
- Severe pulmonary hypertension due to chronic echinococcal pulmonary emboli treated with targeted pulmonary vascular therapy and hepatic resection. (medscape.com)
- Severe pulmonary hypertension leads to right ventricular overload and failure. (msdmanuals.com)
- Karin and her research group have established the use of synchrotron-based phase contrast micro-CT to study the vascular micro-anatomy in severe pulmonary hypertension. (lu.se)
Acute3
- Idiopathic persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn can present without signs of acute perinatal distress. (medscape.com)
- Acute chest syndrome is the commonest cause of death in young adults, and pulmonary dysfunction is a major contributor to morbidity in aging adults with SCD. (bmj.com)
- The suggested method for the prevention of cor pulmonale is avoidance of contact with any toxic fume or gas that produces acute pulmonary edema. (cdc.gov)
Patients with pulmonary hypertension1
- Pregnancy outcomes in patients with pulmonary hypertension remain poor despite advanced therapies. (pvrinstitute.org)
Apnea1
- Compared with patients meeting the traditional hemodynamic definition of PAH, patients with a PCWP of 16 to 18 mm Hg were older, more obese, had a lower 6-min walk distance, and had a higher incidence of systemic hypertension, sleep apnea, renal insufficiency, and diabetes. (nih.gov)
Primary6
- Transthoracic echocardiography is the primary noninvasive imaging tool to estimate the probability of pulmonary hypertension and to establish a working diagnosis on the mechanism of pulmonary hypertension. (smw.ch)
- describe the risk factors for hypertension and the mechanisms underlying the development of primary and secondary hypertension. (manchester.ac.uk)
- Primary hypertension - vascular and renal mechanisms. (manchester.ac.uk)
- In the first group (pulmonary arterial hypertension [PAH]), the primary disorder affects the small pulmonary arterioles. (msdmanuals.com)
- For more information, see the Medscape Reference articles Primary Pulmonary Hypertension and Persistent Newborn Pulmonary Hypertension. (medscape.com)
- Barst R, Long W, Gersony W. Long-term vasodilator treatment improves survival in children with primary pulmonary hypertension. (medscape.com)
Abstract1
- abstract = "Fixed pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a contraindication for heart transplantation (HTx). (fujita-hu.ac.jp)
Congenital1
- Aneurysms: congenital and acquired vascular aneurysm (atherosclerotic, aortitis and syphilitic aneurysm). (unibo.it)
Secondary2
- Pulmonary arterial hypertension secondary to vascular deposition of amyloid in the lungs is rare. (nih.gov)
- It is a syndrome characterized by marked pulmonary hypertension that causes hypoxemia secondary to right-to-left shunting of blood at the foramen ovale and ductus arteriosus. (medscape.com)
Pulmonale1
- Chronic cor pulmonale is associated with pulmonary hypertension and right ventricular hypertrophy. (cdc.gov)
Fibrosis3
- The mechanisms involved in this narrowing process include vasoconstriction, thrombosis, and vascular remodeling (excessive cellular proliferation, fibrosis, and reduced apoptosis/programmed cell death in the vessel walls, caused by inflammation, disordered metabolism and dysregulation of certain growth factors). (wikipedia.org)
- This article is a review of exciting, recently generated genetic, biochemical and clinical data from studies that have examined the importance of the tissue kallikrein-kinin system in protection from hypertension, vascular remodeling and renal fibrosis. (nature.com)
- The typical findings include pulmonary vascular medial hypertrophy, intimal fibrosis, and plexiform lesions in order of progression and severity. (medscape.com)
Diagnosis1
Blood vessels1
- The pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension (WHO Group I) involves the narrowing of blood vessels connected to and within the lungs. (wikipedia.org)
Pathophysiologic condition1
- Pulmonary hypertension is a pathophysiologic condition with many possible causes. (wikipedia.org)
Vessels1
- Pulmonary hypertension (PH) refers to elevated pressure in the vessels of the lungs. (inova.org)
Vasodilators1
- Treatment is with pulmonary vasodilators and diuretics. (msdmanuals.com)
Lung Diseases1
- Pulmonary hypertension associated with left heart and lung diseases. (smw.ch)
Hemodynamic1
- Echocardiographic and hemodynamic data from pulmonary arterial catheterization demonstrated relatively well-preserved left ventricular function. (nih.gov)
Abnormalities2
- Conclusions Abnormalities in pulmonary vascular volumes may explain some of the lung function abnormalities and the decline in lung function seen in adults with SCD. (bmj.com)
- Alterations in pulmonary vascular volumes due to anaemia in SCD patients may be responsible for some of their lung function abnormalities and changes seen on HRCT and their decline in lung function. (bmj.com)
Heritable2
- Coughing up of blood may occur in some patients, particularly those with specific subtypes of pulmonary hypertension such as heritable pulmonary arterial hypertension, Eisenmenger syndrome and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. (wikipedia.org)
- The cascade screening in heritable forms of pulmonary arterial hypertension. (cdc.gov)
Left ventricular2
- A PVR of 15.9 Wood units suggested progressive worsening of left ventricular function with almost irreversible remodeling of the pulmonary vasculature, and the patient was thought to be contraindicated for HTx. (fujita-hu.ac.jp)
- Left ventricular heart failure and pulmonary hypertension. (smw.ch)
Critical Care Med1
- Dr. Elinoff completed his fellowship training in Critical Care Medicine at the NIH Clinical Center and Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine at Johns Hopkins University. (nih.gov)
Leads to right-sided heart failure1
- According to the researchers, this drug inhibits a gene called HIF-2α, which they discovered earlier promotes the progressive thickening of the lung artery walls - a key feature of pulmonary arterial hypertension called "vascular remodeling," which leads to right-sided heart failure, the main cause of death in patients with this condition. (nih.gov)
Diseases2
- Chronic Pulmonary Heart Diseases (incl. (sharecare.com)
- Pulmonary hypertension due to left heart diseases. (smw.ch)
Clinical5
- Experimental and clinical evidence implicate an imbalance between endogenous vasoconstrictor and vasodilator systems in the development and maintenance of hypertension. (nature.com)
- Pulmonary arterial compliance: a physiological variable still searching for clinical relevance? (bmj.com)
- Pulmonary artery hypertension and sleep-disordered breathing: ACCP evidence-based clinical practice guidelines. (medscape.com)
- Pulmonary arterial hypertension as leading manifestation of methylmalonic aciduria: clinical characteristics and gene testing in 15 cases]. (cdc.gov)
- Karin Tran-Lundmark, physician scientist and Associate Professor at Lund University, has her clinical interest in advanced heart failure, transplantation, and pulmonary hypertension. (lu.se)
PPHN1
- Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) is defined as the failure of the normal circulatory transition that occurs after birth. (medscape.com)
Baseline characteristics1
- United States Pulmonary Hypertension Scientific Registry (USPHSR): Baseline Characteristics. (cdc.gov)
20221
- As of 2022[update] there was no cure for pulmonary hypertension, although research to find a cure is ongoing. (wikipedia.org)
IPAH1
- Several histologic subtypes are associated with pulmonary arteriopathy in IPAH, one of which involves in situ thrombosis. (medscape.com)
Catheterization2
- The mean duration between symptom onset and diagnostic catheterization was 2.8 years, and 1,008 (41.3%) patients were treated with more than one pulmonary vascular-targeted medication. (nih.gov)
- Catheterization is also performed to determine pulmonary vasoreactivity, which can be prognostic and figures in the initiation and titration of high-dose calcium channel blocker (CCB) therapy. (medscape.com)
Echocardiography1
- In approximately a third of patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), echocardiography demonstrates right-to-left shunting across a patent foramen ovale (see the image below). (medscape.com)