Vascular 1996 autocrine fibroblast growth factor 5. Medical search. Frequent questions

Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is produced by stromal and mesenchymal cells, and it stimulates epithelial cell proliferation, motility, morphogenesis and angiogenesis in various organs via tyrosine phosphorylation of its cognate receptor, Met. (spandidos-publications.com)
The TGF-β family forms an important group of growth factors, consisting of three isoforms in man, and is important for matrix deposition because it modulates fibroblast recruitment and proliferation. (biomedcentral.com)
Local factors, including transcription factors such as SRY-box 9 protein (SOX9), Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), and bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), along with signaling pathways such as the Wnt pathway, play critical roles in chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation. (pfmjournal.org)
Hypertrophic chondrocytes, a progeny of terminally differentiated chondrocytes from the proliferative zone, cease further proliferation, undergo hypertrophy in columns parallel to the axis of longitudinal elongation, and initiate the production of factors that trigger mineralization and vessel invasion. (pfmjournal.org)
Growth hormone (GH), sex hormone, thyroid hormone, as well as glucocorticoids affect chondrocyte proliferation and hypertrophy. (pfmjournal.org)
Signals emanating from focal adhesions have been shown to promote survival, differentiation and proliferation [ 5 ]. (thno.org)
H-Ras isoform modulates extracellular matrix synthesis, proliferation, and migration in fibroblasts. (univ-paris5.fr)
During the course of folliculogenesis, growth is achieved by cell proliferation and formation of follicular fluid, whereas development involves cytodifferentiation of all the cells and tissues in the follicle. (glowm.com)

Although less is known about an additional receptor, cysLT2, emerging evidence indicates that it likely also contributes to cysLT actions promoting inflammation, vascular permeability, and perhaps fibrosis. (springer.com)
CX3CL1 (Fractalkine) causes upregulation of its receptor CX3CR1 on CD4 + and CD8 + T lymphocytes 5. (comprehensivephysiology.com)
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) acts through its receptor KDR, a receptor tyrosine kinase 85. (comprehensivephysiology.com)
The receptor (5‐HTR) and transporter (5‐HTT) of serotonin (5‐HT), and VPAC [the receptors of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)] are all coupled to G‐protein 128,136. (comprehensivephysiology.com)
Among one of the actionable targets is the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) pathway, triggered by specific ligands. (123dok.org)
Among such actionable targets in BC is the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR). (123dok.org)
These findings are associated with a reduced gene expression of osteoprotegerin, sclerostin, calcitonin receptor (CTR), insulin-like growth factor binding protein 5 and RUNX2. (biomedcentral.com)
In breast cancer and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells, we are examining IGF-1 receptor crosstalk to vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling in mediating enhanced tumorigenicity and metastasis. (musc.edu)
Using retinal pigment epithelial cells as a model, we are studying the interplay between IGF-1 receptor signaling and hypoxia in the regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor production and the loss of intercellular tight junctions. (musc.edu)
The effects were also observed at very low peptide concentrations (10 -13 M) with no apparent linear correlation between peptide dosage and increase of fluorescence intensity,which implied co-expression of different corticotropin releasing factor receptor forms in the same cell. (biologists.com)
[11] The SP receptor promoter contains regions that are sensitive to cAMP , AP-1 , AP-4 , CEBPB , [12] and epidermal growth factor . (wikidoc.org)
Its receptor - the neurokinin type 1 - is distributed over cytoplasmic membranes of many cell types (neurons, glia, endothelia of capillaries and lymphatics, fibroblasts, stem cells, white blood cells) in many tissues and organs. (wikidoc.org)
Unique among biological processes, SP release (and expression of its NK1 Receptor (through autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine-like processes)) may not naturally subside in diseases marked by chronic inflammation (including cancer). (wikidoc.org)

Therefore, damaging the MECs layer resulted in the release of various factors (such as SDF1/CXCL12, CXCL14, MMP, and tenascin) [ 11 , 12 ] with a potential to modify the tumour microenvironment and facilitate the paracrine communication between the tumour epithelial cells and the enclosed stroma enhancing the tumour aggressiveness [ 11 , 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Growth factors may act either in an autocrine or a paracrine fashion and their temporal and spatial concentration modulates the cell phenotype and function. (unicyte.ch)
ETs and their receptors have been implicated in cancer progression through autocrine and paracrine pathways [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
This is the autocrine/paracrine system of developing follicles. (glowm.com)

18 These signal exchanges promote activation of some cellular pathways that are essential for DPC growth, function, and survival, such as the activation of Wnt signaling pathway. (benitonovas.com)
PGRN also acts as a protective factor in hyperhomocysteinemia, probably by down-regulating the wingless-related integration site Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. (biomedcentral.com)

Leukotrienes (LTs) are lipid mediators derived from the 5-lipoxygenase pathway of arachidonic acid metabolism. (springer.com)
Main inflammatory mediators in pulmonary vascular remodeling in pulmonary arterial hypertension. (comprehensivephysiology.com)
e lymphatic blood vascular endothelial cells are activated by several in�ammatory mediators (e.g., vascular endothelial growth capillariestakeupthisprotein-rich�uid,therebymaintaining factor- (VEGF-)A, tumor necrosis factor (TNF-) , inter- not only tissue �uid homeostasis but also exerting immune leukin (IL)-6, and IL-1), leading to the typical signs of surveillance. (sagepub.com)

15 , 16 Some of these signals stimulate differentiation of SCs to keratinocytes which are important for HF growth. (benitonovas.com)

The majority of FGF family members are glycosaminoglycan binding proteins which possess broad mitogenic and cell survival activities, and are involved in a variety of biological processes, including embryonic development, cell growth, morphogenesis, tissue repair, tumor growth and invasion. (wikipedia.org)
Tumor and calor develop as vascular endothelial gaps enlarge, allowing the egress of plasma protein and fluid into the interstitial space. (medscape.com)
This "angiogenic switch" [ 1 ] favors the production of new microvessels, thus facilitating tumor growth beyond 1-2 mm diameter, and metastasis of the malignant clone. (biomedcentral.com)
Furthermore, senescent cells, with the secretory features known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), could produce proinflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor- α (TNF- α ), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and monocyte chemoattractant protein1 (MCP-1), to greatly affect the neighboring cells [ 17 , 18 ]. (hindawi.com)
These elaborate signals promoted by ECs have been termed "angiocrine factors" and have been shown to be crucial for the maintenance of organ-specific tissues and tumor cells [ 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
This covers the production of several cytokines and chemokines including interleukin 1 (IL-1), interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor- alpha (TNF-α) and chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2) [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

The presence of VEGF receptors on CLL cells implies an autocrine effect for VEGF. (biomedcentral.com)
A number of molecules, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), and hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) have been identified as positive regulators of angiogenesis. (biomedcentral.com)
Kay et al report increased VEGF and bFGF in the supernatant of CLL cells grown in vitro and upregulation of mRNA encoding VEGF and its receptors and bFGF, suggesting that angiogenic factors are important in the biology of the malignant B-cell clone [ 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Hitherto the involvement of the MECs in mammary gland orchestration and morphogenesis [ 4 ] and in affording fortification against tumour progression and invasion [ 5 , 6 ] has re-established the attention in studying and characterizing the MECs. (biomedcentral.com)
Some cytokines act as competence rather than progression factors, some lack secretory signals, and some must be processed and released from the pericellular matrix or basement membranes (eg transforming growth factor beta [TGF-β ] binding to chondroitin or the keratan sulfate of biglycan, decorin and fibromodulin, or basic fibroblast growth factor and platelet derived growth factor binding to the heparin sulfate of glypican, perlecan and syndecan). (biomedcentral.com)

Various growth factors, cytokines, and prostaglandins upregulate HGF gene expression, including basic fibroblast growth factor, oncostatin M, hypoxia-inducible factor 1α and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) ( 9 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Members of the ADAM family contribute to various physiological and pathophysiological processes by modulation of molecules like growth factors or cytokines. (frontiersin.org)
With high levels of platelet-derived growth factors and cytokines, this combination provides both a living bioscaffold and a multipotent cell replenishment source useful for enhanced musculoskeletal healing. (journalofprolotherapy.com)
Because these regions are related to complexed signal transduction pathways mediated by cytokines , it has been proposed that cytokines and neurotropic factors can induce NK-1. (wikidoc.org)
Also, SP can induce the cytokines that are capable of inducing NK-1 transcription factors. (wikidoc.org)

EGF (epidermal growth factor), TNF‐α, and PDGF (platelet‐derived growth factor) act through tyrosine kinase receptors and are partially transduced by intracellular reactive oxidant species (ROS) 95. (comprehensivephysiology.com)
The Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptors/Fibroblast Growth Factors (FGFRs/FGFs) axis offers interesting molecular targets to be pursued in clinical development. (123dok.org)
The FGFR family is characterized by four receptors, binding to 18 ligands called fibroblast growth factors (FGFs), employing heparin as a co-factor [2-4]. (123dok.org)
These receptors have pivotal roles in embryogenesis and metabolism [5,6], and play a critical role in the development of the skeletal system [7,8]. (123dok.org)

Extracellular factors that influence integrin activation are ligand binding, divalent cation concentration, chemokine signaling and mechanical stress. (thno.org)

Schematic inflammatory pathways involving growth factors, vasomodulators, and infectious stimuli in the pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension. (comprehensivephysiology.com)
Growth, metabolism, and differentiation of chondrocytes, which are the key cellular players in this process, are regulated by systemic hormones, local factors, and cellular signaling pathways. (pfmjournal.org)
In this review, we summarized key regulatory factors and signaling pathways involved in chondrocyte functions, to understand how they affect chondrocyte growth and development. (pfmjournal.org)

Injury to vascular tissue initiates the extrinsic coagulation cascade by releasing intracellular calcium and tissue factor that activate factor VII . (medscape.com)
Platelets elaborate a number of proinflammatory substances, such as adenosine diphosphate, tissue growth factor beta (TGF-ß), and platelet-derived growth factors (PDGF). (medscape.com)
This growth factor also stimulates production of collagens, proteoglycans, elastin, fibronectin, tenascin and thrombospondin, diminishes production of extracellularly active neutral endoproteinases belonging to the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and serine proteinase families, and stimulates production of endogenous MMP inhibitors (tissue inhibitor of metallo-proteinase [TIMP]) and serpins (plasminogen activator inhibitor-1). (biomedcentral.com)
3 In veterinary medicine, AD-SC's have been utilized effectively for over ten years in the treatment of osteoarthritic joints 4, 5 and connective tissue injuries, showing an over 80% success rate in blinded placebo controlled canine clinical trials. (journalofprolotherapy.com)
It is produced by LEUKOCYTES of both monocyte and lymphocyte lineage and by FIBROBLASTS during tissue injury. (lookformedical.com)
esides the increased in�amma- tory cell in�ltration into the in�amed tissue, it has become In vertebrates, there are two vascular systems: the cardio- clearintherecentyearsthatacuteandchronicin�ammatory vascular and the lymphatic system. (sagepub.com)
[5] Its tissue distribution and biologic actions were further investigated over the following decades. (wikidoc.org)

Aggressive, transformed or transfected mesenchymal cells containing proto-oncogenes can act in the absence of lymphocytes, but whether these cells represent regressed fibroblasts, chondrocytes or bone marrow stem cells is unclear. (biomedcentral.com)
Biologic factors that include signaling from stem cells, dermal papilla cells, and platelet-rich plasma are some of the current therapeutic agents being studied for hair restoration with milder side effects. (benitonovas.com)

It may be achieved, at least partially, by more extensive basic studies investigating the spatiotemporal dynamics of T cell activation by CARs and unraveling the connection between T cell migration in solid tumors and the effectiveness in eradication of solid tumors and metastases [ 5 ]. (ijbs.com)
CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that genetic factors have almost no higher impact in most neonatal tumors. (bvsalud.org)
These studies have profound implications for the development of IGF-1 antagonists by designing small molecular weight analogs, structurally identical to the binding site for use in inhibiting the growth of IGF-dependent tumors. (musc.edu)

Approximately 30% of the adult cases harbor an internal tandem duplication ( FLT3 -ITD) and 5- 10% a tyrosine kinase domain (TKD) amino acid substitution ( FLT3-TKD ). (dovepress.com)

A tight spatial and timing regulation of growth factor action during embryonic development has been suggested [4]. (unicyte.ch)

Pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) are now considered to be the key contributors of pancreatic fibrosis (5, 11, 135). (pancreapedia.org)

These factors regulate gene expression, cell differentiation, and extracellular matrix synthesis. (pfmjournal.org)

These therapies include FDA-approved medications, non-prescription physical or chemical agents, natural ingredients, small molecules, biologic factors, and signals derived from SCs. (benitonovas.com)
These small molecules have contributed to our understanding of the physiopathological relevance of the ET axis and the beginning of translation of this information into clinical trials [ 5 , 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Recognition of the vast number of undifferentiated cells associated with the stromal vascular fraction has resulted in extensive research demonstrating the heterogeneity of such cells, and their ability to participate in production of all mesodermal-derived tissues. (journalofprolotherapy.com)

CCL5 (RANTES) and nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) attract T and B lymphocytes. (comprehensivephysiology.com)

Eicosanoids mediate activity influencing platelet plug formation, vascular permeability, and cellular chemotaxis to influence wound healing. (medscape.com)
After initial vasoconstriction, the classic signs of inflammation manifest from increased vascular permeability. (medscape.com)

Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). (spandidos-publications.com)

Three primary pathologic features are found in scleroderma and include increased collagen deposition, perivascular mononuclear cell infiltration, and vascular abnormalities. (medscape.com)
We performed in-house TGR IFA by using R. typhi strain Wilmington and R. prowazekii strain Madrid E grown in L929 mouse fibroblast cell culture. (cdc.gov)
Go¨6976 also induced laminin-dependent cell adhesion in NIH/3T3 and CV-1 fibroblasts, suggesting of a mechanism that may be common to multiple cell-types. (mirnamimic.com)
HGF was cloned as a growth factor for hepatocytes ( 1 , 2 ), is identical to scatter factor (SF) and was originally discovered as a fibroblast-derived cell motility factor for epithelial cells ( 3 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF2) up-regulates cell behaviors and subsequent wound healing. (opendentistryjournal.com)
The fate of the cell is deter- mined by coordinated and dynamic interactions among a number of factors, acting in a defined microenviron- ment. (unicyte.ch)
Several other environmental factors including oxy- gen concentration and mechanical, metabolic, and bio- chemical conditions have been shown relevant in cell differentiation and have been reviewed extensively (Fig. 1) [3]. (unicyte.ch)
In early culture, PSCs are polygonal in shape with abundant lipid droplets in the cytoplasm ( Figure 1B ) and express stellate cell selective markers such as desmin, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), nestin, neural cell adhesion molecule, nerve growth factor, and synemin (34, 167). (pancreapedia.org)
Endomembrane H-Ras controls vascular endothelial growth factor-induced nitric-oxide synthase-mediated endothelial cell migration. (univ-paris5.fr)
ICAM-)1, vascular cell adhesion molecule- (VCAM-)1, elargestcollectinglymphaticvessel,thethoracicduct,con- and E-selectin on activated blood vascular endothelial cells, nects the lymphatic system with the cardiovascular system. (sagepub.com)

The growth plate can be stratified into three distinct zones based on the size, morphology, orientation, proliferative potential, and function of chondrocytes: resting, proliferative, and hypertrophic zone. (pfmjournal.org)
The resting zone, a source of stemlike progenitor cells that restores the reservoir of proliferative chondrocytes, is located farthest from the primary ossification center and assumes responsibility for preserving the architectural integrity of the growth plate [ 4 ]. (pfmjournal.org)

Other growth factors involved in vascular remodeling include platelet‐derived growth factor (PDGF), epithelial growth factor (EGF), and fibroblast growth factor (FGF‐2). (comprehensivephysiology.com)

The development of isolation and culture methods for PSCs in 1998 helped to unravel the mechanisms involved in the process of pancreatic fibrogenesis (5, 11) and also helped researchers to investigate the functions of these cells both in health and disease. (pancreapedia.org)

1.Introduction metastatic spread [2-5]. (sagepub.com)

The method included the use of two therapeutic factors: magnetotherapy and electromagnetostimulation of peripheral branches of facial nerve. (maxwellmagneticmeds.co.za)
Understanding molecular mechanisms underlying normal growth plate function has provided valuable insights into the genetic defects that impact growth and foundation for the development of effective therapeutic strategies for individuals with growth disorders. (pfmjournal.org)
c-Met and RON have essential functional roles in embryonic development and organogenesis [ 3 , 4 ] and are over expressed and/or aberrantly activated in various cancer types suggesting their potential importance as therapeutic targets [ 5 - 10 ]. (oncotarget.com)

Chondrocyte growth, metabolism, and differentiation are complex processes. (pfmjournal.org)
To exert their functions, processes are associated with pronounced vascular remod- bothvascularsystemsbuildhighlybranched,tree-liketubular eling. (sagepub.com)

5‐HT promotes PASMC hyperplasia through the serotonin transporter via production of ROS and MAPK activation 73. (comprehensivephysiology.com)
[10] They are found in close association with serotonin (5-HT) and neurons containing norepinephrine that are targeted by the currently used antidepressant drugs. (wikidoc.org)

The extent of enhanced bone marrow angiogenesis in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and relationship to proangiogenic factors and prognostic indicators is largely unexplored. (biomedcentral.com)
Long bone growth is a fundamental determinant of final height. (pfmjournal.org)
This review provides an overview of the structural aspects of the growth plate, factors influencing chondrocyte function, and their impact on longitudinal bone growth. (pfmjournal.org)
Long bone growth plays a pivotal role in determining overall height. (pfmjournal.org)
This, in turn, precipitates chondrocyte apoptosis, thereby, osteoblasts invade the hypertrophic zone and bone formation occurs [ 5 ]. (pfmjournal.org)
7 It has been shown that proteins that belong to the transforming growth factor (TGF) superfamily, such as bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), also exert signals to maintain the capacity of DPCs to induce HF growing in vivo and in vitro. (benitonovas.com)
Bone is one of the major target tissues for Insulin-like Growth Factor I (IGF-I). Low doses of IGF-I were able to improve liver-associated osteopenia. (biomedcentral.com)

These growth factors act on surrounding cells and stimulate chemotaxis of neutrophils, monocytes, and fibroblasts to the area of injury. (medscape.com)
These cells debride the wound on the microscopic level and produce a wide variety of important substances, such as IL-1 and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). (medscape.com)
bFGF is a chemotactic and mitogenic factor for fibroblasts and endothelial cells. (medscape.com)
Cells can communicate via physical interactions, in- cluding membrane bridge formation, such as tunneling nanotubes and cytonemes, and/or through the release of soluble factors [1-3]. (unicyte.ch)
In a healthy pancreas, PSCs make up 4-7% (5) of the total parenchyma and are located around the basolateral aspects of the acinar cells ( Figure 1A ). (pancreapedia.org)
They further link to the activation of protein kinase C- (PKC-) induced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) [ 6 , 7 ], which further mediates the activation of downstream transcription factor nuclear factor kappa-light-chain enhancer of activated B cells (NF- κ B). Thus, the main treatments of DN refer to modulate glycemic and blood pressure through insulin and RAS inhibitors. (hindawi.com)
This finding suggests that asymmetrical distribution of phospholipids in the external membranes of eukaryotic cells may represent an important factor in determining the specificity of antibacterial peptides for targeting bacteria rather than eukaryotic cells. (upenn.edu)
Using confocal laser scanning microscopy we investigated the Ca 2+ distribution in single corticotropin releasing factor- and urocortin-stimulated human skin cells. (biologists.com)
Endothelial cells (ECs) may elaborate essential "angiocrine factors" involved in organ regeneration. (biomedcentral.com)

In vitro development of early follicles necessitates a complex interplay of growth factors and signals required for development. (biomedcentral.com)
Duplicating the complex interaction of growth factors, cellular and hormonal signals required for follicular development and oocyte maturation in vitro is challenging. (biomedcentral.com)

27 Together, dermal blood vessels and DPCs orchestrate a suitable microenvironment for the growth and survival of HFSCs. (benitonovas.com)
Follicular growth, survival and function were assessed. (biomedcentral.com)

PGRN has been introduced among the secreted growth factors as one related to wound healing, inflammation, and human embryonic development, as well as a wide variety of autoimmune diseases. (biomedcentral.com)

MECs were found to express numerous proteinase inhibitors, anti-angiogenic factors, and tumour suppressors proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
Fibroblasts produce TIMPs (1-4), which were previously called human fibroblast collagenase inhibitors. (biomedcentral.com)

Using fibroblasts recovered from wild-type or gene-deleted mice, invasion of three-dimensional fibrin gels proceeded in a matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-dependent fashion. (silverchair.com)
Consistent with earlier studies supporting a singular role for the membrane-anchored MMP, MT1-MMP, in fibrin-invasive events, fibroblasts from MT1-MMP-null mice displayed an early defect in invasion. (silverchair.com)

The regulatory proteins, SMADs activate nuclear transcription factors through MAPK 132. (comprehensivephysiology.com)

Corticotropin releasing factor (CRF), the proximal neuroendocrine element in the activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in mammals (HPA),coordinates the complex array of behavioral, autonomic and endocrine responses to stress. (biologists.com)

Fibroblast growth factor 5 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FGF5 gene. (wikipedia.org)
By contrast, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 was demonstrated to markedly downregulate HGF gene expression ( 10 , 11 ). (spandidos-publications.com)

Angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis, the growth of structures. (sagepub.com)

Beginning on day 4 of culture, we observed significantly higher follicular and oocyte growth rates in follicles co-cultured with AOECs compared with follicles on gel or matrigel. (biomedcentral.com)

Cellular aging or cellular senescence is the critical factor for the process of aging. (hindawi.com)

14 Several SC factors such as peptides exert essential signals to promote hair regrowth. (benitonovas.com)

The first stage of this immune steeplechase, the leukocyte transendothelial migration, is a multi-step cascade of interactions that have been extensively studied in recent years in different vascular beds and experimental models, and some comprehensive reviews on this topic can be found in this special issue [ 1 - 5 ]. (hindawi.com)

This article outlines normal healing biology, describes the factors that facilitate or impair wound healing, surveys common types of problem wounds, and discusses emerging concepts in chronic wound management. (medscape.com)

Although natural and synthetic ingredients can promote hair growth and, therefore, be useful to treat AGA, some of them have important adverse effects and unknown mechanisms of action that limit their use and benefits. (benitonovas.com)
However, most of the mechanisms exerted by these factors in hair restoration are still being researched. (benitonovas.com)
4 , 5 However, in most cases, the mechanisms of action of these products are not well characterized and the results are variable or with undesirable side effects. (benitonovas.com)
However, even in late gestation, mechanisms still exist that maintain fetal growth when the size of the placenta is reduced. (biomedcentral.com)
Environmental factors that can detect specific IgE antibodies against most low-molecular- affect the initiation of occupational asthma include the intrinsic weight agents has resulted in a search for alternative or characteristics of causative agents as well as the influence of the complementary physiopathologic mechanisms leading to airway level and route of exposure at the workplace. (cdc.gov)
Previous reports indicate that the mechanisms of DN involve a multifactorial interaction of metabolic and hemodynamic factors such as high blood glucose, advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), and the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). (hindawi.com)
The mechanisms regulating follicle growth and development are under the control of changing concentrations of ligands ( i.e. hormones and growth factors). (glowm.com)

5) to develop a density gradient centrifugation method for the isolation of quiescent PSCs from the pancreas. (pancreapedia.org)

Anatomy39

Organisms11

Diseases12

Chemicals and Drugs125

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment25

Phenomena and Processes45

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Proliferation8

Receptor13

Paracrine4

Signaling pathway2

Mediators3

Keratinocytes1

Tumor6

VEGF3

Progression2

Cytokines5

Receptors4

Ligand1

Pathways3

Tissue7

Stem cells2

Tumors3

Tyrosine1

Regulation1

Fibrosis1

Synthesis1

Molecules2

Stromal1

Lymphocytes1

Permeability2

Hepatocyte growth1

Cell10

Chondrocytes2

PDGF1

19981

Metastatic1

Therapeutic3

Processes2

Serotonin2

Bone7

Cells9

Vitro2

Survival2

Inflammation1

Inhibitors2

Invasion2

Transcription1

Proximal1

Gene2

Angiogenesis1

Follicles1

Cellular1

Peptides1

Migration1

Biology1

Mechanisms7

Density1