Varies vitamin b 12 deficiency. Medical search. Frequent questions

On the contrary, vitamin D supplementation has been shown to improve muscle strength and gait in different settings, especially in elderly patients. (hindawi.com)
Despite some controversies in the interpretation of meta-analysis, a reduced risk of falls has been attributed to vitamin D supplementation due to direct effects on muscle cells. (hindawi.com)
This is why many authorities recommend vitamin D supplementation in the frail patient. (hindawi.com)
In October 2014, we performed a comprehensive literature search in the bibliographic database "Pubmed," looking at studies discussing the following topics: "hypovitaminosis D and physical performance: observational studies," "can vitamin D supplementation improve muscle function? (hindawi.com)
In studies testing vitamin D supplementation, the dose of vitamin D should have been specified, physical performance/gait should have been reported by objective measurements, and blood level of vitamin D should have been reported. (hindawi.com)
When vitamin K supplementation is given after the birth for early-onset vitamin K deficiency bleeding, it may be too late to prevent this disease, especially if vitamin K supplementation was not provided during pregnancy. (medscape.com)
A new systematic review states there is no indication that vitamin A supplementation among babies at birth reduces mortality during the first six or 12 months of life. (nutraingredients.com)
Given the high burden of death among children younger than five years of age in low and middle income countries, and the fact that mortality in infancy is a major contributory cause, it is critical to obtain sound scientific evidence of the effect of vitamin A supplementation during the neonatal period on infant mortality and morbidity. (nutraingredients.com)
Experts believe that most people can and should get Vitamin D from brief, regular sun exposure, a healthy diet and possibly supplementation. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
In the placebo-controlled trials on the common cold ( 12 ), the magnitude of effect of regularly administered vitamin C has not been very large and does not justify regular vitamin C supplementation in normal situations. (frontiersin.org)
Therefore, even moderate benefits of an 8-18% decrease in the duration of respiratory virus infections would justify consideration of vitamin C supplementation. (frontiersin.org)
Large doses of vitamin C supplementation are not recommended during pregnancy. (medlineplus.gov)
Hypovitaminosis is a disease that can be cost-effectively prevented and treated through the combination of adherence to specific public health guidelines and vitamin D supplementation regimens. (vitamindwiki.com)
Potential effects of vitamin D supplementation and the development or prognosis of cancer have already been investigated in numerous studies. (worldpharmanews.com)
Based on current studies, vitamin D3 supplementation probably does not protect against developing cancer, but it could reduce the likelihood of dying from cancer. (worldpharmanews.com)
Efficacy of vitamin D3 supplementation on cancer mortality: Systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. (worldpharmanews.com)
Vitamin supplementation in food products, adequate food security, and availability of supplements make vitamin deficiencies less common in developed countries. (unboundmedicine.com)
The event reflected on a number of relevant topics such as the importance of healthcare professionals' awareness and knowledge regarding which drug treatments would benefit from vitamin D supplementation. (dsm.com)
These correlations between inflammation and vitamin D levels suggest a promising role for vitamin D supplementation. (dsm.com)
Randomized controlled trials are necessary to establish whether vitamin D3 supplementation reduces the risk of statin-associated myalgia. (dsm.com)
Supplementation with calcium and vitamin D3 has a significant effect on reducing the risk of hip and nonvertebral fractures 9 , consistent with guidelines for the prevention and treatment of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis 10 . (dsm.com)
Some studies of patients with asthma suggest that vitamin D supplementation may improve asthma severity and treatment response 11 . (dsm.com)
In cases of VKDB in infants and children, treatment typically involves vitamin K supplementation. (scholarsresearchlibrary.com)
In adults, the treatment of VKDB is also vitamin K supplementation, typically in the form of an injection or oral tablets. (scholarsresearchlibrary.com)

The 2 most common causes of megaloblastic anemia are vitamin B-12 (cobalamin) deficiency and folic acid deficiency. (medscape.com)
It is the role of vitamin B-12 in the reduction of folic acid derivatives that results in the megaloblastic changes seen clinically. (medscape.com)
Folate deficiency decreased to less than 1% after foods began being fortified with folic acid in 1998. (cdc.gov)
Available evidence indicates that 0.4 mg (400 ug) per day of folic acid, one of the B vitamins, will reduce the number of cases of neural tube defects (NTDs). (cdc.gov)
The evidence that consumption of folic acid, one of the B vitamins, before conception and during early pregnancy (the periconceptional period) can reduce the number of NTDs has been accumulating for several years. (cdc.gov)

Villous destruction and demonstrable nutrient malabsorption occur in varying degrees. (medscape.com)
Folate, vitamin B-12, and iron deficiencies are the most common nutrient deficiencies. (medscape.com)
The rate of nutrient deficiencies in the general U.S. population ranges from less than 1% for folate, vitamin A, and vitamin E to about 10% for vitamin B6, vitamin D, and iron. (cdc.gov)
3. Are some population groups at a higher risk for nutrient deficiencies? (cdc.gov)
The type of nutrient deficiency may differ by population group. (cdc.gov)
No. NHANES data from 1999 through 2006 indicate nutrient levels and rates of deficiency in the U.S. population have not changed. (cdc.gov)
Vitamin D supplements are often prescribed after weight loss surgery because of evidence that the operations reduce the ability of the gut to absorb the nutrient. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Vitamin C is a safe and inexpensive essential nutrient. (frontiersin.org)
Vitamin B-12 is an essential nutrient that's involved in regulating the immune system and antiviral activity. (arcpointlabs.com)
These are used to treat and prevent nutrient deficiencies and associated conditions and symptoms. (vetdepot.com)
The liposomes contain phospholipid bilayers of molecules and many of these surround the vitamin D to help protect and transport the nutrient. (aestheticsadvisor.com)
Because the liposome bilayers coating the vitamin D nutrient are similar to the cell walls themselves, they help provide easy access across your gut membrane into your bloodstream. (aestheticsadvisor.com)
Various nutrient deficiencies can develop because of malabsorption during acute phases, which include diarrhea. (dietitian.com)
Vitamin D is a vital nutrient that is essential for overall health and well-being. (yourhappylife.com)
We will explore its importance, how to ensure your child gets enough Vitamin D, the benefits of this vital nutrient, and what happens when your child doesn't get enough Vitamin D. (yourhappylife.com)
Your pediatrician may recommend Vitamin D supplements or other measures to ensure that your child is getting enough of this vital nutrient. (yourhappylife.com)
In conclusion, Vitamin D is an essential nutrient that is vital for the growth and development of strong bones and muscles, a healthy immune system, and overall health and well-being. (yourhappylife.com)
Acknowledging the theories surrounding iron deficiency and dopamine imbalance as causative factors for disease development and recognizing the gut's role in neurotransmitter synthesis, nutrient absorption, and systemic inflammation, emerging research focuses on the connection between RLS and gastrointestinal disorders. (rupahealth.com)

Inadequate vitamin B-12 dietary intake is rare in children, though it may be seen in breastfed infants whose mothers are themselves deficient. (medscape.com)
We can therefore assume that the effect is significantly higher for those people who are actually vitamin D deficient," says Ben Schöttker. (worldpharmanews.com)
In fact, over 40% of the US population is deficient in vitamin D, otherwise known as the "sunshine vitamin. (ndnr.com)
The whole thing can get somewhat complicated, as many of us with Hashimoto's are also deficient in some vitamins/minerals that affect thyroid function as well. (medhelp.org)
The main ones we find deficient, and often recommend testing, are Vitamin B-12, Vitamin D and Ferritin (storage hormone for iron). (medhelp.org)
Studies have shown that if you're vitamin B-12 deficient, your body can't slow down COVID's viral replication. (arcpointlabs.com)

[ 1 ] The current proper diagnostic term that has been adopted is "vitamin K deficiency bleeding" (VKDB), because vitamin K deficiency is not the sole cause of hemorrhagic disorders in preterm and term infants. (medscape.com)
Classic vitamin K deficiency bleeding is observed in infants who have not received prophylactic vitamin K at birth, with an incidence ranging from 0.25 to 1.7 cases per 100 births. (medscape.com)
This disease is most common in breastfed infants who did not receive vitamin K prophylaxis at birth. (medscape.com)
Therefore, maternal vitamin A deficiency may result in a deficiency among infants. (nutraingredients.com)
Additional analysis of data for all infants from 11 studies also revealed no evidence of a significant reduction in the risk of infant mortality at six months among babies supplemented with vitamin A compared with the control. (nutraingredients.com)
countries of the Region was studied in Among infants from 6 months on- 1995 [ 7 ] although the terms anaemia and wards, a high prevalence of anaemia is re- iron deficiency anaemia were used inter- ported, with iron deficiency anaemia being changeably. (who.int)
All infants should receive 400 IU/day of vitamin D soon after birth if exclusively or partially breastfed. (unboundmedicine.com)
Infants are at risk of VKDB because vitamin K does not pass through the placenta efficiently. (scholarsresearchlibrary.com)
Classical VKDB occurs in infants aged 2 to 12 weeks who did not receive a vitamin K injection at birth. (scholarsresearchlibrary.com)
All infants with anencephaly die shortly after birth, whereas the majority of babies born with spina bifida grow to adulthood with, in severe cases, paralysis and varying degrees of bowel and bladder incontinence. (cdc.gov)

1-3 Vitamin D deficiency refers to serum levels of vitamin D (serum total hydroxyvitamin D, or 25[OH]D) that are inadequate to support bodily needs. (uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org)
Vitamin D and K are particularly typical deficiencies, due to inadequate sun exposure (vitamin D) and low amounts in the diet (both). (giftespot.com)
Causes of vitamin D deficiency include reduced sun exposure, skin pigmentation, genetic polymorphisms, and/ or inadequate intake. (dsm.com)
Injectable vitamins are intended for intermittent or supplemental use when dietary intake is inadequate, when natural absorption is impaired, or when deficiencies or other conditions are present that respond to increased levels. (vetdepot.com)
Inadequate vitamin D status has been associated with elevated cardiometabolic disease risk, although results are inconsistent, as evidenced by recent meta-analyses pooling multiple study populations (6-8). (cdc.gov)

In addition to the hematologic manifestations of vitamin B-12 deficiency, abnormalities of the GI tract and nervous system may also be present. (medscape.com)
Measure hematological parameters annually and vitamin B 12 at 2 to 3 year intervals and manage any abnormalities. (nih.gov)

Irrespective of the cause, achlorhydria can result as known complications of bacterial overgrowth and intestinal metaplasia and symptoms are often consistent with those diseases: gastroesophageal reflux disease abdominal discomfort early satiety weight loss diarrhea constipation abdominal bloating anemia stomach infection malabsorption of food carcinoma of stomach Since acidic pH facilitates the absorption of iron, achlorhydric patients often develop iron deficiency anemia. (wikipedia.org)
While it is rare, excessive vitamin D intake can cause symptoms, such as nausea, constipation, confusion and abnormal heart rhythm. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
However, people who take vitamin C supplements regularly might have slightly shorter colds or somewhat milder symptoms. (medlineplus.gov)
The primary outcome measure was a change in Urinary Incontinence (UI) symptoms at 12 months as assessed by the Uro-genital Distress Inventory (UDI) score (maximum 300), which is a validated tool for this type of analysis. (menopause.org.au)
1983 Organic psychosis without anaemia or spinal cord symptoms in patients with vitamin B12 deficiency. (twitlonger.com)
They emphasise that psychiatric manifestations may be the first symptoms of vitamin B12 deficiency and thus antedate anaemia and spinal cord disease. (twitlonger.com)
2003 Catatonia and other psychiatric symptoms with vitamin B12 deficiency. (twitlonger.com)
2009 Psychotic disorder and extrapyramidal symptoms associated with vitamin B12 and folate deficiency. (twitlonger.com)
2013. Association between vitamin b12 levels and melancholic depressive symptoms: a Finnish population-based study. (twitlonger.com)
The symptoms of VKDB can vary depending on the type and severity of the deficiency. (scholarsresearchlibrary.com)
Zinc deficiency: What are the symptoms of a zinc deficiency? (hollandandbarrett.com)

The role of sun exposure is instrumental since UVB-induced vitamin D3 production in the skin accounts for 80-90% of vitamin D formation, whereas nutritional intake (fatty fish, eggs, fortified milk, and plants) only accounts for 10-20% of vitamin D3 provision. (hindawi.com)
Absorption of this fat-soluble vitamin is reduced with alcohol use, with vitamin E deficiency, with cortisone medication, and with excessive iron intake or the use of mineral oil, as well as with exercise. (healthy.net)
As a fat-soluble vitamin, vitamin A can be stored in the body and used when there is decreased intake. (healthy.net)
The storage of vitamin A is decreased during times of stress or illness unless intake is increased. (healthy.net)
Time for a vitamin E intake rethink? (nutraingredients.com)
Vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol) researchers presented the emerging data at a DSM Nutritional Products-sponsored seminar that was put in policy context by the firm's senior VP of nutrition science and advocacy, Dr Manfred Eggersdorfer, who highlighted issues with intakes as well as typical intake recommendations that often sit at around 15 mg/day. (nutraingredients.com)
DSM and the vitamin E scientists who gathered at the 3rd World Congress of Public Health Nutrition in Gran Canaria this week are hoping the data presented can add weight to the argument to raise intake recommendations. (nutraingredients.com)
Because dietary intake of vitamin D is low, humans are dependent on vitamin D synthesized in the skin. (vitamindwiki.com)
Vitamin D intake could reduce cancer mortality in the population by twelve percent - provided the vitamin is taken daily. (worldpharmanews.com)
A more detailed analysis of the studies with daily intake further revealed that people aged 70 and older benefited most from vitamin D3 therapy. (worldpharmanews.com)
In addition, the effect was most evident when vitamin D intake was started before the cancer diagnosis. (worldpharmanews.com)
Depending on the age and gender, the recommended daily VITAMIN A intake will vary. (thrombocyte.com)
The daily recommended intake of VITAMIN C for most adults is between 65 and 90 milligrams per day. (thrombocyte.com)
It's always best to consult with a healthcare professional to determine the appropriate daily intake of VITAMIN C for your specific needs. (thrombocyte.com)
The daily recommended intake of VITAMIN E for both men and women is 15 mg. (thrombocyte.com)
ZINC deficiency can lead to a weakened immune system and delayed growth and development, while excessive intake can be toxic and cause gastrointestinal problems. (thrombocyte.com)
The daily recommended intake of ZINC varies depending on age and gender. (thrombocyte.com)
Vitamin D deficiency prevalence is increased in individuals with darker skin pigmentation, obesity, low dietary intake of vitamin D, or low sunlight exposure. (unboundmedicine.com)
Dietary intake of nutrients critical for bone health, including vitamin D, is reported to be insufficient in T2DM patients on antidiabetics. (dsm.com)
However, it is essential to consult with your child's doctor before giving them any supplements, as excessive Vitamin D intake can lead to toxicity and other health problems. (yourhappylife.com)

Deficiency of vitamin B-12 activity is usually due to malabsorption or a congenital deficiency of one of the vitamin B-12 carrier proteins. (medscape.com)
The underlying cause of the deficiency, such as malabsorption or liver disease, should also be addressed. (scholarsresearchlibrary.com)
Patients at increased risk of vitamin K deficiency include those with a restricted diet or malnutrition, lipid malabsorption, cancer, renal disease, neonates and the elderly. (bvsalud.org)

Pernicious anemia, a common cause of vitamin B-12 deficiency in adults, is rare in childhood. (medscape.com)
To review the evidence about screening for vitamin D deficiency in adults. (uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org)
A few dozen placebo-controlled trials with humans showed that regularly administered ≥1 g/day vitamin C shortened infections caused by respiratory viruses in adults by 8%, and in children by 18% ( 12 ). (frontiersin.org)
physical development of children and on In spite of this development, anaemia, the work productivity of adults are of ma- particularly attributed to iron deficiency, jor concern [ 3 ]. (who.int)
Adults without regular, effective sun exposure year round should consume 600 to 800 IU/day of vitamin D 3 . (unboundmedicine.com)
However, Vitamin D is not just for adults. (yourhappylife.com)
Recent NICE guidelines recommend that pregnant and breastfeeding women, children ages 6 months to 5 years, adults over 65 years or anyone who is not regularly exposed to the sun should take a daily vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) supplement up to 10,000 IU [ 3 , 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

5. Does the report include information on the use of vitamin supplements? (cdc.gov)
CDC's Nutrition Report does not provide separate data on users of vitamin supplements. (cdc.gov)
Data in this report include persons who used vitamin supplements and those who did not. (cdc.gov)
Knowing about the use and non-use of vitamin supplements and role they play in nutrition is valuable information. (cdc.gov)
CDC and several other agencies and organizations are currently researching the impact of vitamin supplements on an individual's nutrition status. (cdc.gov)
Preformed A (retinol) is the main animal-source vitamin A. It is found in highest concentrations in all kinds of liver and fish liver oil, which is a common source for supplements. (healthy.net)
The investigators caution that this observational study using medical records has limitations, and it is not enough to recommend the routine use of vitamin D supplements as a strategy to prevent or reduce the risk of postsurgical complications. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Research shows that for most people, vitamin C supplements or vitamin C-rich foods do not reduce the risk of getting the common cold. (medlineplus.gov)
NOTE: Pregnant and breastfeeding women may need higher amounts of VITAMIN A. It is important to note that taking excessive amounts of VITAMIN A can be harmful, making it essential to follow these recommended daily intakes and speak with a healthcare provider before taking any supplements. (thrombocyte.com)
Ingesting large and varied amounts of vitamin supplements increases risk of toxicity and drug-drug interactions and is not recommended. (unboundmedicine.com)
USPSTF recommends against using β -carotene or vitamin E supplements for the prevention of cardiovascular disease or cancer. (unboundmedicine.com)
1) Supplements of vitamin D should be used only with the approval of your health care provider, since high doses of vitamin D can be toxic. (purifymind.com)
Oral vitamin supplements probably will not resolve these deficiencies during acute diarrhea phases. (dietitian.com)
If your child is not getting enough Vitamin D from sunlight and food, you may consider giving them Vitamin D supplements. (yourhappylife.com)
These data will be used to estimate deficiencies and other health effects of specific nutrients in the population and subgroup, to provide population reference data, and to estimate the contribution of diet, supplements, and other factors to the levels of nutrients. (cdc.gov)

Bacterial overgrowth and B12 deficiency (pernicious anemia) can cause micronutrient deficiencies that result in various clinical neurological manifestations, including visual changes, paresthesias, ataxia, limb weakness, gait disturbance, memory defects, hallucinations and personality and mood changes. (wikipedia.org)
Although the prevalence of anaemia has often been used as a proxy indicator for iron deficiency anaemia, this approach is not valid in settings where the etiology of anaemia is complex or unknown or where other micronutrient deficiencies of folate, vitamin B and vitamin A can co-exist. (who.int)
Vitamin D is a micronutrient that is metabolized into a multifunctional secosteroid hormone that is essential for human health, reproduction, and sustenance of life. (vitamindwiki.com)
Understanding the association between vitamin D and cardiometabolic risk in Canadians may provide a clearer understanding of how this micronutrient modulates cardiometabolic disease and may inform public health strategies to curb the incidence of cardiometabolic disease in Canada and elsewhere. (cdc.gov)

Megaloblastic anemia is an uncommon problem in childhood that is most frequently associated with vitamin deficiency or gastrointestinal disease. (medscape.com)
Thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, and anemia are all observed to varying extents. (medscape.com)
Complications of tropical sprue include anemia, malnutrition, and vitamin deficiency. (medscape.com)
Iron deficiency anemia is not uncommon during pregnancy, among both vegans and non-vegetarians. (purifymind.com)
Approximately 30% of the world's population is anemic, of which 50% is iron deficiency anemia (IDA). (ispub.com)
Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is an important public health concern that affects every population. (ispub.com)
As one of the primary etiologies of anemia, iron deficiency (ID) and consequent anemia (IDA) may have unique prognostic implications as well. (ispub.com)
Leaving such a deficiency untreated can cause anemia . (padekhealth.com)
Clinical consequences of human infection are generally absent or mild, although anemia due to vitamin B12 deficiency was described in Scandinavia ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
Prolonged folate deficiency leads to megaloblastic anemia. (cdc.gov)

The prevalence rate of anaemia the single most important cause [ 11,12 ]. (who.int)
The prevalence of anaemia in preschool when compared with other developing re- children has also remained high, varying gions, which could be partially due to from 29% to over 60% [ 13,14 ], although under-reporting and lack of nationally rep- occasional reports do indicate a decline in resentative data. (who.int)
Preschool children were more af- the prevalence of anaemia has ranged be- fected than women, with reported preva- tween 20% and 70%, again mostly attribut- lence in excess of 60% in many countries ed to iron deficiency [ 15-18 ], in addition to [ 7 ]. (who.int)
The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency increases in countries furthest from the equator. (vitamindwiki.com)
This deficiency is seen in ~5% of the general population, with non-Hispanic Blacks having the highest prevalence. (unboundmedicine.com)
Although differences may be due to genetic and lifestyle factors other than vitamin D levels, data link lower vitamin D serum levels, increasing latitude, and decreased sunlight exposure with a higher prevalence of autoimmune inflammatory diseases. (dsm.com)
The prevalence of SAMS is associated with low vitamin D status 6 . (dsm.com)
After pooling the results of eligible studies, we found considerable disparities in the prevalence for IDA, which varied by the diagnostic tools employed. (ispub.com)
In the United States, the prevalence of IDA has been found to be 2% in adult males, 9-12% in adult white females, and up to 20% in females of African and Hispanic origin(2). (ispub.com)
This high prevalence of insufficiency may result from a decreased ability to produce vitamin D endogenously during the winter months (10). (cdc.gov)

along with substantial conflicting findings from individual studies, conducted in settings with potentially varying levels of maternal vitamin A deficiency and infant mortality. (nutraingredients.com)

The body needs the mineral zinc to help release stores of vitamin A for use. (healthy.net)
Even without bacterial overgrowth, low stomach acid (high pH) can lead to nutritional deficiencies through decreased absorption of basic electrolytes (magnesium, zinc, etc.) and vitamins (including vitamin C, vitamin K, and the B complex of vitamins). (wikipedia.org)
Chloride, sodium, potassium, zinc and/or iodine deficiency, as these elements are needed to produce adequate levels of stomach acid (HCl). (wikipedia.org)
Ideal Prostate Plus also includes nutrients like zinc and vitamins D3 which support prostate health, and low zinc levels have been linked to prostate issues. (consumerhealthdigest.com)
There's currently no reliable way of testing your zinc levels, but a deficiency is relatively rare in the West, where we tend to eat a varied and balanced diet. (hollandandbarrett.com)
Most people get enough zinc from their diet, but those at risk of deficiency include breastfeeding women, and vegetarians and vegans. (hollandandbarrett.com)

In recent years, vitamin B-12 deficiency has been described in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection , with or without acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). (medscape.com)
Specifically, the researchers found that patients undergoing bariatric surgery in the United States during winter - January to March, the time of lowest vitamin D levels - fared worse than patients who had procedures in the summer. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
The investigators emphasize that further research is needed to determine the appropriate pre-emptive treatment with vitamin D in patients undergoing bariatric surgery. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
However, the researchers note, obesity is a well-known risk factor for vitamin D deficiency, and patients preparing to undergo weight loss operations should be screened for it. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
The growing rates of obesity and increased popularity of bariatric surgeries mean that primary care clinicians and bariatric surgeons should consider screening their patients and correcting any confirmed vitamin D deficiency," says Peterson. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
In critically ill patients, plasma vitamin C levels are commonly very low. (frontiersin.org)
Gram doses of vitamin C are needed to increase the plasma vitamin C levels of critically ill patients to the levels of ordinary healthy people. (frontiersin.org)
Another meta-analysis found that vitamin C shortened the duration of mechanical ventilation in ICU patients. (frontiersin.org)
Furthermore, in the early literature, pneumonia was reported to be common in patients suffering from vitamin C deficiency ( 3 , 4 ), which also indicates that the vitamin can have clinically relevant effects in the protection against infections in humans. (frontiersin.org)
Vitamin D deficiency is widespread worldwide and is particularly common among cancer patients. (worldpharmanews.com)
In contrast, in a study of colorectal cancer patients, researchers diagnosed vitamin D3 deficiency in 59 percent of participants, which was also associated with unfavorable prognosis. (worldpharmanews.com)
To investigate the effectiveness of vitamin D3 on cancer mortality in the population and on the survival of cancer patients, Ben Schöttker and colleagues conducted a systematic literature search that identified 14 studies with a total of nearly 105,000 participants. (worldpharmanews.com)
2000. 'Vitamin B12 levels are low in hospitalized psychiatric patients. (twitlonger.com)
Vitamin B12 deficiency is common in chronically ill psychotic patients with adequate nutrition and is not readily detected by routine hematology tests. (twitlonger.com)
Patients may have advanced neuropsychiatric manifestations of cobalamin deficiency and yet not be anemic, have a normal blood smear, and even have serum cobalamin levels in the normal range. (twitlonger.com)
Importance of B12 estimation and replacement in patients with varied psychiatric manifestations. (twitlonger.com)
vitamin B(12) level should be checked in patients who do not have an obvious cause for psychosis, seizures or hypertension. (twitlonger.com)
Combined treatment of vitamin D3 and pioglitazone may be more effective in improving BMD and bone metabolism than vitamin D or pioglitazone alone in type 2 diabetic nephropathy patients (of note, patients with nephrotic syndrome are predisposed to bone disease, which results from imbalances of calcium and vitamin D metabolism) 7 . (dsm.com)
Studies show patients with a Vitamin D deficiency have a weaker immune system, and increase their risk of severe or critical case of COVID by more than a factor of 12. (arcpointlabs.com)
Patients with insufficient Vitamin D also have nearly 10 times the mortality rate of those with adequate Vitamin D. A Vitamin D deficiency can be caused by obesity, sedentary indoor lifestyles, and sun avoidance. (arcpointlabs.com)
Patients on blood thinners need to watch their vitamin K, for example. (padekhealth.com)

Vitamin D is the main hormone of bone metabolism. (hindawi.com)
Vitamin D is the main hormone regulating calcium phosphate homeostasis and mineral bone metabolism. (hindawi.com)
Vitamin D metabolism is orchestrated by the skin, the liver, and the kidney. (hindawi.com)
Vitamin D has a variety of actions on calcium homeostasis, bone metabolism,and other cellular regulatory functions. (uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org)
Vitamins are essential micronutrients required for normal metabolism, growth, and development. (unboundmedicine.com)
They are also often using multiple medication and several of these drugs are known to interfere with vitamin D metabolism. (dsm.com)
Vitamin B12 and folate are necessary for normal red blood cell formation, tissue and cellular repair, normal methylation and homocysteine metabolism, and DNA synthesis. (healthwithinstore.co.nz)
Some medications, such as certain antibiotics and blood thinners (like warfarin), can interfere with vitamin K metabolism, leading to lower levels of active vitamin K in the body. (scholarsresearchlibrary.com)
RxWiki News) Vitamins and minerals are substances that play important roles in the body's processes, such as metabolism, immunity and digestion. (padekhealth.com)
In addition, pregnant women who receive drugs that interfere with vitamin K metabolism (anti-epileptic drugs, anti-tuberculosis drugs, vitamin K antagonist drugs) should be given prophylactic vitamin K1, 20 mg/d orally, for at least two weeks before the expected time of delivery. (bvsalud.org)
Vitamin K also plays a role in bone metabolism and vascular calcification. (bvsalud.org)
A wide range of enzymes are involved in the metabolism and activity of vitamin D. Cytochrome P450 enzymes including CYP27B1, CYP2R1 and CYP24A1 contribute to the hydroxylation steps. (biomedcentral.com)

Moreover, in the early literature, pneumonia was described as a common complication of frank vitamin C deficiency, scurvy, and two small controlled trials indicated that vitamin C might have therapeutic benefits against pneumonia ( 3 , 4 ). (frontiersin.org)
A severe form of vitamin C deficiency is known as scurvy . (medlineplus.gov)

Vitamin B 12 deficiency-induced neuropsychiatric manifestations? (ijoyppp.org)
PG has shown similarity with various neuropsychiatric manifestations induced by Vitamin B 12 deficiency which needs to be established by further studies. (ijoyppp.org)

2019 ( https://www.who.int/nutrition/publications/UNICEF-WHOlowbirthweight-estimates-2019/en/ ). (who.int)

and PIVKA = protein-induced by vitamin K absence. (medscape.com)
Coagulation factors II, VII, IX, and X as well as other Gla-proteins (eg, protein C, protein S, protein Z) also depend on the presence of vitamin K for their activity. (medscape.com)
VITAMIN C also plays a key role in the production of collagen, which is a protein that is essential for healthy skin, bones, and connective tissue. (thrombocyte.com)
2) If your diet is varied and contains good protein sources such as soy products, beans, and grains, and you are gaining weight, you can relax and not worry about getting enough protein. (purifymind.com)

1988 Neuropsychiatric disorders caused by cobalamin deficiency in the absence of anaemia or macrocytosis. (twitlonger.com)

Numerous other maternal medications and/or exposure to toxins during pregnancy are lalso associated with vitamin K deficiency bleeding in neonates, including but not limited to vitamin K antagonists (eg, warfarin, phenprocoumon). (medscape.com)
Low levels of vitamin D have long been identified as an unwanted hallmark of weight loss surgery, but now findings of a new Johns Hopkins study of more than 930,000 patient records add to evidence that seasonal sun exposure - a key factor in the body's natural ability to make the "sunshine vitamin" - plays a substantial role in how well people do after such operations. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Sun exposure is critical in the synthesis of vitamin D, so the notion that people living in less sunny northern states may suffer from vitamin D deficiency is not surprising," says Peterson. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
What is remarkable is how closely sun exposure, vitamin D and surgical outcomes were linked. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Exposure to light can also reduce vitamin C content. (medlineplus.gov)
Most of the vitamin D requirement in humans can be and, is supposed to be generated following exposure to sunlight. (vitamindwiki.com)
While sufficient amounts of vitamin D can be made by our bodies following sunlight exposure, it is difficult to define adequate sunlight exposure. (purifymind.com)
4) The National Academy of Sciences recommends that a vitamin D supplement of 10 micrograms (400 IU) daily be taken by pregnant vegans who live at northern latitudes in the winter and by those with minimal exposure to sunlight. (purifymind.com)
A precursor (7-dehydrocholestrol) to active vitamin D is produced in the skin on exposure to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation and is also found in certain foods such as oily fish and cheese [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Recurrent miscarriage may be a feature of some congenital factor (eg, factor XIII) and fibrinogen deficiencies. (medscape.com)

But regulators have been reluctant to shift recommendations without stronger data linking deficiencies and adverse public health outcomes. (nutraingredients.com)
identifying and treating deficiency may improve outcomes. (uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org)
Results of the study, published online Dec. 14 in the journal Obesity Science & Practice, reveal interplay among vitamin D status, seasons, geography and surgery outcomes, according to Leigh Peterson, Ph.D., M.H.S., a nutritionist and postdoctoral research fellow at the Johns Hopkins Center for Bariatric Surgery, who led the research. (hopkinsmedicine.org)

Others may include vitamin A and calcium. (holistichelp.net)
Both calcium and vitamin D are needed for the development of the baby's bones and teeth. (purifymind.com)
Calcium content of tofu varies, read labels. (purifymind.com)
The ionized calcium level varies based on the level of serum albumin, blood pH, serum phosphate, magnesium, and bicarbonate levels, the administration of transfused blood containing citrate and free fatty acid content in total parenteral nutrition. (medscape.com)
Vitamin D is required for calcium absorption and bone health. (padekhealth.com)
CMPK Solution is used as an aid in the treatment of hypocalcemia (parturient paresis, milk fever), hypomagnesemia (grass tetany), and other conditions associated with calcium, magnesium, phosphorus and potassium deficiencies in cattle. (valleyvet.com)
Vitamin D is essential for kids because it helps in the absorption of calcium and phosphorus, which are necessary for the growth and development of strong bones and teeth. (yourhappylife.com)
Biologically active vitamin D (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D) is involved in the regulation of gastrointestinal calcium absorption and bone homeostasis [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

However, the ubiquitary nature of vitamin D receptor (VDR) suggests potential for widespread effects, which has led to new research exploring the effects of vitamin D on a variety of tissues, especially in the skeletal muscle. (hindawi.com)
The effects of vitamin C on acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) frequently complicating COVID-19 pneumonia should be considered. (frontiersin.org)
Evidence supports wider beneficial effects of vitamin D but to achieve such, maintaining serum 25 dihydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)2D] concentrations of more than 30 ng/mL is necessary. (vitamindwiki.com)
The possibility that the effects of vitamin D on cardiometabolic disease differ by sex warrants further study. (cdc.gov)

In vitro studies have shown that the active form of vitamin D, calcitriol, acts in myocytes through genomic effects involving VDR activation in the cell nucleus to drive cellular differentiation and proliferation. (hindawi.com)
Thorne's B-Complex #12 supplies the active form of vitamin B12 - methylcobalamin - as well as the active form of folate - 5-MTHF. (healthwithinstore.co.nz)
This is the active, steroid-hormone form of vitamin D. (aestheticsadvisor.com)
When the active form of vitamin D binds to this receptor, it turns genes on or off, leading to changes in your cells. (aestheticsadvisor.com)
Calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3), the active form of Vitamin D, has a half-life of about 15 h, while calcidiol (25-hydroxyvitamin D3) has a half-life of about 15 days. (aestheticsadvisor.com)

Before fortification began, folate deficiency, as determined by blood folate levels, was approximately 12% for women of childbearing age. (cdc.gov)
1990 Relationship of normal serum vitamin B12 and folate levels to cognitive test performance in subtypes of geriatric major depression. (twitlonger.com)

1988. What are the psychiatric manifestations of vitamin B12 deficiency? (twitlonger.com)
2003 Psychiatric manifestations of vitamin B12 deficiency: a case report. (twitlonger.com)

Ranchers and feedlot operators need to know whether or not these minerals are available in their regions and supplement deficiencies accordingly. (purinamills.com)
Taking a vitamin C supplement after a cold starts does not appear to be helpful. (medlineplus.gov)
The best way to determine which vitamins and minerals one should be taking is with nutritional testing and then take a customized supplement designed for your body chemistry and nutritional needs. (holistichelp.net)
We also have Vitamin B-12 supplement injections to give you a vitamin boost. (arcpointlabs.com)

Anaemia remains a widespread public ders or nutritional deficiencies of folate and health problem with major consequences vitamin B as well as HIV/AIDS [ 4 ]. (who.int)
In as well as infant and under-five mortality addition, the negative consequences of iron rates, have all decreased as a whole, but deficiency anaemia on the cognitive and with some inter-country variations [ 5 ]. (who.int)

With a severe copper deficiency in cows, pigmentation of hair is reduced so that red cattle become yellow and black cattle become gray. (purinamills.com)
If individuals with less severe vitamin D deficiency (blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D level (worldpharmanews.com)

However, despite the presence of abundant sunlight, the incidence of vitamin D deficiency is high even among those who live within 1,000 km of the equator, such as the populations of India, Sri Lanka, and Far Eastern, Middle Eastern, and Persian Gulf countries [1-4]. (vitamindwiki.com)
Meanwhile, sunlight provides vitamin D that is essential for humans and has additional multi-system benefits, many of are still less understood [12]. (vitamindwiki.com)
Sunlight is also a natural source of Vitamin D. Our skin produces Vitamin D when exposed to the sun's ultraviolet B (UVB) rays. (aestheticsadvisor.com)
Your skin makes vitamin D3 when it's exposed to sunlight. (aestheticsadvisor.com)
It is commonly known as the "sunshine vitamin" because our bodies produce it when our skin is exposed to sunlight. (yourhappylife.com)
There are two primary sources of Vitamin D for kids - sunlight and food. (yourhappylife.com)
Sunlight is the most natural source of Vitamin D. When the skin is exposed to sunlight, it produces Vitamin D naturally. (yourhappylife.com)
As mentioned earlier, sunlight is the most natural source of Vitamin D. Encourage your child to spend at least 15-20 minutes in the sun daily, preferably in the morning or late afternoon, before the sun is at its peak. (yourhappylife.com)

Firms like DSM, along with some health professionals and academics, not to mention some policy makers, have been frustrated by a lack of action over intakes even as surveys show vitamin E deficiency to be a widespread issue. (nutraingredients.com)
There is widespread deficiency we haven't paid enough attention to. (nutraingredients.com)

This vitamin is involved in laying down new bone during growth and promoting healthy teeth. (healthy.net)
These bone density losses are significantly reversed within 12 months of weaning. (medscape.com)
Vitamin K is a fat-soluble vitamin that plays a crucial role in blood clotting, bone health, and various other physiological processes. (scholarsresearchlibrary.com)
Heart disease, cancer and poor bone health can result from not getting enough of certain vitamins. (padekhealth.com)
Vitamin K helps with blood clotting and bone health. (padekhealth.com)

An iodine deficiency in cows decreases metabolic rate and causes goiter. (purinamills.com)

The most common nutrients related to FMS are B-12, B-1 or Thiamin, vitamin D, magnesium and amino acids. (holistichelp.net)
These include parathormone (PTH), vitamin D, hepatic and renal function (for conversion of vitamin D to active metabolites), and serum phosphate and magnesium levels. (medscape.com)

The mechanisms by which anticonvulsant and antituberculosis medications cause vitamin K deficiency bleeding in neonates is not clearly understood, but limited studies suggest that this disorder is a result of vitamin K deficiency and can be prevented by administration of vitamin K to the mother during the last 2-4 weeks of pregnancy. (medscape.com)
Carol L. Wagner, MD, Medical University of South Carolina, discusses how vitamin D status during pregnancy varies around the globe and the implications of maternal vitamin D deficiency for both the mother and her developing fetus. (ucsd.tv)
A woman who has a folate deficiency prior to pregnancy can expect that deficiency to be intensified during pregnancy. (healthwithinstore.co.nz)
During pregnancy, the mother did not take any drugs except vitamins. (bvsalud.org)

As cobalt is a component of vitamin B-12, its requirement might increase with higher levels of propionate production in the rumen. (purinamills.com)
A separate study published in the Journal of the American Dietetic Association established that varied diets are positively linked to greater vitamin C levels and negatively to levels of salt, sugar, and saturated fat. (vegnews.com)
Dr West, who presented data linking raised vitamin E levels with reduced miscarriage rates in a Bangladeshi cohort, backed industry's place at the nutrition science and policy table. (nutraingredients.com)
The area is of high interest because babies have very low levels of vitamin A stored in the liver at birth and are dependent on breast milk as a source of vitamin A during the first few months of life. (nutraingredients.com)
Treatment was limited to studies enrolling or analyzing participants with low serum vitamin D levels. (uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org)
Among asymptomatic, community-dwelling populations with low vitamin D levels, the evidence suggests that treatment with vitamin D has no effect on mortality or the incidence of fractures, falls, depression, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer, or adverse events. (uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org)
Large amounts of vitamin C (ascorbic acid) may lower LDH levels. (healthline.com)
LDH levels vary based on age and the individual laboratory. (healthline.com)
Epidemiological studies have found an association between autoimmune diseases and insufficient vitamin D levels 3 . (dsm.com)
Reduced serum vitamin D levels are associated with impaired lung function, increased airway hypersensitivity response, and reduced corticosteroid response. (dsm.com)
Metformin may lower vitamin B 12 levels. (nih.gov)
At ARCpoint Labs of Atlanta-Buckhead, we offer several tests for checking your Vitamin D and B-12 levels. (arcpointlabs.com)
We can provide the information you need about your vitamin levels, so you can take the appropriate action to support your immune system. (arcpointlabs.com)
Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) is found to be almost twice as effective at increasing the blood levels of Vitamin D compared to Vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol) ( Trusted Source , Trusted Source ). (aestheticsadvisor.com)
It is essential to ensure that your child gets regular check-ups with their pediatrician to monitor their Vitamin D levels and overall health. (yourhappylife.com)
Furthermore, describing how vitamin D levels fluctuate month-to-month may provide a basis for implementing public health strategies to increase 25(OH)D levels when deficiency is most acute. (cdc.gov)

Water-soluble vitamins dissolve in water. (medlineplus.gov)
Toxicity is rare for water-soluble vitamins. (unboundmedicine.com)
Water-soluble vitamins are used quickly, and extra amounts of these vitamins are removed as urine. (padekhealth.com)
Supplemental use of these water-soluble vitamins prevents and treats deficiency. (vetdepot.com)

The incidence increases to around 12% in populations over 80 years old. (wikipedia.org)

True incidence is unknown because most vitamin deficiencies are asymptomatic. (unboundmedicine.com)

Recent studies suggest an association between vitamin D status, metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, and obesity among Canadians (12,13). (cdc.gov)

2009. Malignant catatonia in a patient with bipolar disorder, B12 deficiency, and neuroleptic malignant syndrome: one cause or three? (twitlonger.com)

The serum phosphorus level may vary based on the etiology, trending towards higher values with reduced kidney function and lower values with vitamin D deficiency. (medscape.com)
Serum total 25(OH)D is currently considered the best marker of vitamin D status. (uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org)
4 , 5 However, there is no consensus regarding the serum level of 25(OH)D that represents optimal health or deficiency. (uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org)
The measurement of phylloquinone (K1) in serum is the most commonly used marker of vitamin K status and reflects abundance of the vitamin. (bvsalud.org)

Vitamin K deficiency can lead to a condition known as 'Vitamin K Deficiency Bleeding' (VKDB), which is a serious and potentially life-threatening disorder. (scholarsresearchlibrary.com)
The treatment and prevention of VKDB depend on the type and severity of the deficiency. (scholarsresearchlibrary.com)
Newborns are routinely given a vitamin K injection shortly after birth to prevent early-onset VKDB. (scholarsresearchlibrary.com)
Vitamin K prophylaxis at birth has been shown to prevent morbidity and mortality associated with vitamin K deficiency bleeding (VKDB) and is recommended by multiple organizations including the American Academy of Pediatrics and the World Health Organization. (bvsalud.org)
Pediatricians should feel comfortable explaining the risks and benefits of vitamin K prophylaxis to families and should be equipped to recognize signs of VKDB, especially given increasing rates of parental refusal. (bvsalud.org)
This case report aims to show that VKDB can occur abruptly after birth despite vitamin K1 1 mg IM being given immediately after birth. (bvsalud.org)
CONCLUSION: Vitamin K1 1 mg IM prophylaxis should be given immediately after birth to prevent early-onset VKDB. (bvsalud.org)
Parental refusal of vitamin K treatment at birth suggested vitamin K deficiency bleeding (VKDB) in this newborn. (bvsalud.org)
Though VKDB is rare in developed countries, rates have been rising which coincides with an increasing trend of parental refusal of vitamin K prophylaxis at birth. (bvsalud.org)

Vitamin B12 deficiency can be manifest with varying degrees of mental changes, such as confusion and irritability. (healthwithinstore.co.nz)
Store products at room temperature, between 59 and 86 degrees F. Store the lower-dose vitamin B-complex between 36 and 49 degrees F. Protect products from light. (vetdepot.com)

Leftover amounts of the vitamin leave the body through the urine. (medlineplus.gov)
NOTE: Smokers may need higher amounts of VITAMIN C as it helps to counteract the negative effects of smoking on the body. (thrombocyte.com)
Athletes and individuals undergoing stress or recovering from surgery may also need higher amounts of VITAMIN C to support their immune system. (thrombocyte.com)
The health consequences of taking excessive amounts of certain vitamins can be serious. (padekhealth.com)

Using a new marker of iron status, the report indicates higher rates of iron deficiency in Mexican-American children aged 1 to 5 years (11%) and in non-Hispanic black (16%) and Mexican-American women (13%) of childbearing age (12 to 49 years) when compared to other race/ethnic groups. (cdc.gov)
For example, children and women of childbearing age are at increased risk for iron deficiency, and older persons have an increased risk for vitamin B6 or B12 deficiency. (cdc.gov)
Males are at increased risk for vitamin C deficiency, and females have an increased risk for iron and vitamin B6 deficiency. (cdc.gov)
1) Additional iron may be needed in case of iron deficiency. (purifymind.com)
Vitamin C helps with iron absorption, wound healing and immunity. (padekhealth.com)

The incidence of vitamin B12 and/or folate deficiency is high among the elderly. (healthwithinstore.co.nz)

In addition, in septic mice with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), vitamin C administration downregulated proinflammatory genes, enhanced epithelial barrier function, and improved alveolar fluid clearance ( 9 , 10 ). (frontiersin.org)

However, when the studies were divided according to whether vitamin D3 was taken daily in a low dose** or in higher doses administered at longer intervals**, a large difference was seen. (worldpharmanews.com)
He explains the better efficacy of daily doses of vitamin D3 by the more regular bioavailability of the active agent, the hormone 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, which is only produced by reactions of vitamin D in the body and can presumably inhibit tumor growth. (worldpharmanews.com)
Doses vary widely depending on the species and its condition and body weight. (vetdepot.com)

Deficiencies of vitamin A are still fairly common worldwide and cause many difficulties. (healthy.net)
Actually, analysis of the average American diet reveals that it provides only about 4,000 units of vitamin A daily, so the many problems of vitamin A deficiency, such as visual changes, skin dryness, and increased infections, are more common than most people realize. (healthy.net)
for horses, B-12 injections are common. (purinamills.com)
For many years, vitamin C has been a popular household remedy for the common cold. (medlineplus.gov)
Vitamin B-12 deficiency is common in developing countries and in people with restrictive diets. (arcpointlabs.com)
Citrus fruits like oranges are a common source of vitamin C. (padekhealth.com)

Retinol, another name for preformed vitamin A, was so named because of its importance in vision. (healthy.net)
The current pandemic has highlighted the importance of vitamin D3 (or cholecalciferol) for immune health. (dsm.com)

Additionally, it's also important to keep in mind that nutritional deficiencies are only one aspect involved in Fibromyalgia. (holistichelp.net)

This is why vegans must pay extra attention to consuming a varied mix of plant-based foods to compensate for potential deficiencies. (vegnews.com)
The Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine recommends that vegans eat an array of whole grains, beans, vegetables, and fruit, as well as a daily source of vitamin B-12. (vegnews.com)

Vitamin A deficiency may allow irritation or inflammation of the eye tissue to occur more easily. (healthy.net)
Copper deficiency in cows also can occur in certain areas of the U.S., which have an excess of molybdenum, such as the Southwest, Florida and Central Texas. (purinamills.com)
however, it can occur during first month and sometimes overlaps with late-onset vitamin K deficiency bleeding. (medscape.com)
Folate belongs to the group of water-soluble B vitamins that occur naturally in food. (cdc.gov)

Cereals and nuts are a good source of vitamin E. (padekhealth.com)

Several carotene pigments found in foods, mainly yellow and orange vegetables and fruits, can be converted to vitamin A in our body and thus are termed provitamin A. Beta-carotene is the most available and also the one that yields the highest amount of A. (healthy.net)
It does not store vitamin C. It is therefore important to include plenty of vitamin C-containing foods in your daily diet. (medlineplus.gov)
Some cereals and other foods and beverages are fortified with vitamin C. Fortified means a vitamin or mineral has been added to the food. (medlineplus.gov)
Cooking vitamin C-rich foods or storing them for a long period of time can reduce the vitamin C content. (medlineplus.gov)
Microwaving and steaming vitamin C-rich foods may reduce cooking losses. (medlineplus.gov)
Psyllium Husk Powder, 12 oz @ $11.19 from NOW Foods. (giftespot.com)
Fortified foods like some cereals and some brands of soy milk are another way to meet vitamin D needs. (purifymind.com)
You will have to vary the fiber content of the foods you eat to find the level that works for you. (dietitian.com)

Anatomy9

Organisms8

Diseases61

Chemicals and Drugs100

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment30

Phenomena and Processes40

Disciplines and Occupations1

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture9

Information Science4

Named Groups1

Health Care22

Geographicals2

Supplementation24

Folic acid5

Nutrient18

Deficient6

Infants10

Inadequate5

Abnormalities2

Symptoms11

Intake20

Malabsorption3

Adults7

Supplements15

Micronutrient4

Anemia10

Prevalence10

Maternal vitamin A deficien1

Zinc6

Patients21

Metabolism12

Scurvy2

Neuropsychiatric manifestations2

20191

Protein4

Cobalamin1

Exposure9

Congenital1

Outcomes3

Calcium8

Effects of vitamin4

Form of vitamin5

Folate levels2

Manifestations2

Supplement4

Anaemia2

Severe2

Sunlight8

Widespread2

Bone5

Iodine deficiency1

Magnesium2

Pregnancy4

Levels16

Water-soluble vitamins4

Populations1

Asymptomatic1

Obesity1

Catatonia1

Serum4

VKDB9

Degrees2

Amounts4

Iron5

Incidence of vitamin1

Acute1

Doses3

Common6

Importance2

Nutritional1

Vegans2

Occur4

Source of vitamin1

Foods8