Urine osmolar concentration. Medical search. Frequent questions

For example, if plasma osmolarity is 300 mOsm/L, urine osmolarity is 600 mOsm/L, and urine flow rate is 1 ml/min (0.001 L/ min), the rate of osmolar excretion is 0.6 mOsm/min (600 mOsm/L x 0.001 L/min) and osmolar clearance is 0.6 mOsm/min divided by 300 mOsm/L, or 0.002 L/min (2.0 ml/min). (brainkart.com)
A simple, efficient procedure for extracting and concentrating antidiuretic hormone (ADH) from urine has been coupled with a specific radioimmunoassay for ADH in order to quantitate urinary excretion of the hormone. (johnshopkins.edu)
No difference in hormone excretion was found in urine collected during waking hr and during sleep. (johnshopkins.edu)
In human urine, the major excretion products are the conjugates of dobutamine and 3-O-methyl dobutamine. (drugs.com)
The excretion of an excessive amount of oxalates in the urine. (wordinfo.info)
An increase in the excretion of URINE. (lookformedical.com)
Abnormally high potassium concentration in the blood, most often due to defective renal excretion. (lookformedical.com)

When the urine is dilute, water is excreted in excess of solutes. (brainkart.com)
When the kidneys are forming a dilute urine (that is, urine osmolarity is less than plasma osmolarity), free-water clearance will be a positive value, denoting that water is being removed from the plasma by the kidneys in excess of solutes. (brainkart.com)
Kidneys in the neonate have a limited capacity to excrete both concentrated and dilute urine. (medscape.com)
in contrast, the maximally dilute urine in adults is 70-100 mOsm/kg. (medscape.com)

The process of concentrating or diluting the urine requires the kidneys to excrete water and solutes some-what independently. (brainkart.com)
Conversely, when the urine is concentrated, solutes are excreted in excess of water. (brainkart.com)
Whereas osmolality (with an "l") is defined as the number of osmoles (Osm) of solute per kilogram of solvent (osmol/kg or Osm/kg), osmolarity (with an "r") is defined as the number of osmoles of solute per liter (L) of solution (osmol/L or Osm/L). As such, larger numbers indicate a greater concentration of solutes in the plasma. (wikipedia.org)
The concentration of combined solutes in water is osmolarity (amount of solute per L of solution), which, in body fluids, is similar to osmolality (amount of solute per kg of solution). (msdmanuals.com)
The concentration of solutes in body fluids is 285-295 mOsmoles/liter (for simplicity we often round this number to 300). (byui.edu)

However, at low concentrations (below about 500 mM), the mass of the solute is negligible compared to the mass of the solvent, and osmolarity and osmolality are very similar. (wikipedia.org)
It is commonly used to investigate low sodium 3 Nov 2020 Osmolar Gap: Osmolar gap = Osmolality (measured) - Osmolarity (calculated): NOTE: is a pragmatic clinical aid - the units Serum osmolality. (web.app)
In the body, water will move into or out of cells, depending on the solute concentration (osmolarity) of the extracellular fluids and the intracellular fluids. (byui.edu)

In dogs, renal denervation did not affect the diuretic action accompanied with renal hemodynamic chanties and inhibition of electrolytes reabsorption rates in renal tubules by methoxyverapamil infused into the vein or into a renal artery, while renal denervation blocked the antidiuretic action due to the decreased free water and osmolar clearances along with the reduced sodium amounts excreted in urine by methoxyverpamil infused into the carotid artery. (koreascience.kr)

Syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion occurs when excessive release of antidiuretic hormone results in inappropriately elevated urine osmolality (>100 mOsmol/L) relative to the blood plasma, leading to hyponatraemia. (wikipedia.org)
The osmolar concentration is 1372 mOsmol/L (calc. (nih.gov)

Urinary elimination of electrolytes in response to treatments was evaluated, together with changes in concentrations of creatinine, urea, aldosterone, glucose and albumin in urine and plasma. (biomedcentral.com)
Therefore, a one molar solution of glucose will also be a one osmolar solution. (byui.edu)
Therefore, if you have a liter of solution containing one mole of glucose and one mole of NaCl, you would have a three osmolar solution. (byui.edu)

Shift of sodium-free intracellular fluid into the extracellular compartment after mannitol infusion may lower serum sodium concentration and aggravate preexisting hyponatremia. (nih.gov)
Intracellular sodium concentration is 12 mEq/L (12 mmol/L). (msdmanuals.com)
Extracellular sodium concentration averages 140 mEq/L (140 mmol/L). (msdmanuals.com)
Nine days following chemotherapy, her serum sodium concentration was found to be 104 mM, while her consciousness was drowsy with severe fatigue and vomiting. (elsevierpure.com)

The physiologic range of urine osmolality in neonates can range from a lower limit of 50 mOsm/kg to a maximum of 600-800 mOsm/kg in response to water deprivation. (medscape.com)

2. In biochemistry, an osmolar concentration of the body fluids that is abnormally increased. (wordinfo.info)

2. Containing a higher concentration of osmotically active components than a standard solution. (wordinfo.info)
The concentration of osmotically active particles in solution expressed in terms of osmoles of solute per liter of solution. (lookformedical.com)

CDI is characterized by decreased antidiuretic hormone secretion from posterior pituitary, thereby the inability to concentrate the urine with variable degrees of polyuria and compensatory polydipsia. (fortunejournals.com)
Central DI is characterized by decreased secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)-also known as arginine vasopressin (AVP)-which gives rise to polyuria and polydipsia by diminishing the person's ability to concentrate urine. (medscape.com)
A 24-hour urine collection, performed as an outpatient, in which the individual has free access to fluids, will confirm the polyuria and the low urine osmolality. (cancertherapyadvisor.com)
The key to the diagnosis is the response of the polyuria and urine osmolality to fluid restriction. (cancertherapyadvisor.com)

In primary polydipsia, urine osmolality increases with water restriction so that urine-to-plasma osmolality exceeds 1.0. (cancertherapyadvisor.com)
This is especially so if the urine osmolality exceeds 600 mosmols/kg H 2 O. (cancertherapyadvisor.com)
An osmolar gap is present when measured osmolality exceeds estimated osmolality by ≥ 10 mOsm/kg ( ≥ 10 mmol/kg). (msdmanuals.com)

Thus, when CaOx origin is confirmed or suspected, 24-h urine osmolality provides a simple way to define individualized target of urine dilution to prevent urine crystallization and stone formation. (elsevierpure.com)

Central diabetes insipidus (CDI) is a rare condition defined by decreased secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) from supraoptic nucleus, resulting in a urine concentrating defect. (fortunejournals.com)

Water crosses cell membranes freely from areas of low solute concentration to areas of high solute concentration. (msdmanuals.com)
By definition, osmosis is the diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane from an area of high water potential (low solute concentration) to an area of low water potential (high solute concentration). (byui.edu)
Therefore, for osmosis to occur the membrane must be permeable to water but impermeable to the solute, and the concentration of the solute must be different on the two sides of the membrane. (byui.edu)
Water will move from the side with lower solute concentration to the side with higher solute concentration until the concentrations are equal or until some external force prevents further movement of water. (byui.edu)
If the solute concentration in the extracellular fluid is lower than the solute concentration in the cell, water moves into the cell, and the cell will swell. (byui.edu)

Body fluid volume and electrolyte concentration are normally maintained within very narrow limits despite wide variations in dietary intake, metabolic activity, and environmental stresses. (msdmanuals.com)

Inadequate urine output results in accumulation of mannitol, expansion of extracellular fluid volume and could result in water intoxication or congestive heart failure. (nih.gov)
Plasma arginine vasopressin levels, serum osmolality, urine osmolality and fluid intakes were measured in thirteen asphyxiated and nineteen control newborn infants during the first seventy-two hours of life. (houstonmethodist.org)
Most patients with DI can drink enough fluid to replace their urine losses. (medscape.com)
Fluid restriction in a well-controlled environment will produce a rise in both serum and urine osmolality. (cancertherapyadvisor.com)
If a patient has partial or incomplete central diabetes insipidus or partial nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, fluid deprivation might result in a modest concentration of the urine, producing an effect similar to that encountered in primary polydipsia. (cancertherapyadvisor.com)

Plasma vasopressin will be expected to rise into the population reference range, and the concentration should be appropriate for the plasma osmolality. (cancertherapyadvisor.com)
This hyponatremic state was diagnosed as SIADH induced by CDDP infusion into the thoracic space, based on the hypo-osmolality of her serum, the hyper-osmolality of her urine, and an inappropriate level of plasma vasopressin. (elsevierpure.com)

Monitor renal function, including blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine, and urine output in patients at risk of developing acute renal failure. (nih.gov)

Our aim was to investigate the validity of osmolality from 24-h urine collection in examining the risk for calcium-oxalate (CaOx) kidney stone formation in patients with recurrent urolithiasis. (elsevierpure.com)

High concentrations of oxalates may lead to formation of urinary calculi. (wordinfo.info)

We measured cortisol and its metabolites by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry in plasma and urine and the intensity of dermal blanching after overnight topical application of beclomethasone dipropionate. (nih.gov)

Although dehydrated newborns cannot concentrate urine as efficiently as adults can, free water clearance is greater in infants than in adults. (medscape.com)
Nephrogenic DI is characterized by a decrease in the ability to concentrate urine because of resistance to ADH action in the kidney. (medscape.com)

The diagnostic ability of 24-h urine osmolality to classify patients as high risk for kidney stone crystallization was examined through the receivers operating characteristics analysis. (elsevierpure.com)
The success of graft survival after kidney transplantation is closely associated with early graft function based on intraoperative perfusion characteristics of the allograft and good urine output. (intechopen.com)
They are an important factor in determining the pH of the blood and the concentration of bicarbonate ions is regulated by the kidney. (lookformedical.com)

Extracellular potassium concentration is 3.5 to 5 mEq/L (3.5 to 5 mmol/L). (msdmanuals.com)

These diuretics increase the drainage of water and salt (sodium) into the urine, causing a reduction of blood pressure, a decrease in blood volume, and thus lowering resistance to the flow of blood [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Twenty-four-hour urine volume (U VOL ), osmolality (U OSM ), specific gravity (U SG ), and color (U COL ) were measured. (elsevierpure.com)
Urine volume was measured at each void throughout testing. (psu.edu)
Key strategies that are used to achieve this goal involve the optimal management of the intravascular volume and achievement of early urine output. (intechopen.com)
A decrease in urine volume of rising osmolality signals that the homeostatic controls of water balance are functioning normally. (cancertherapyadvisor.com)

The kidneys can regulate the quantity of hydrogen and bicarbonate this is excreted within the urine according to metabolic acid manufacturing. (elcumanes.com)
Alternatively, kidneys additionally maintain electroneutrality through keeping up strong concentrations of primary electrolytes, reminiscent of potassium and sodium. (elcumanes.com)

Abnormally low potassium concentration in the blood. (lookformedical.com)

Intracellular potassium concentration averages 140 mEq/L (140 mmol/L). (msdmanuals.com)

This will result in increased water reabsorption, more concentrated urine, and less concentrated blood plasma. (wikipedia.org)
Från Wikipedia En låg osmolalitet i serum kommer att undertrycka frisättningen av ADH, vilket resulterar i minskad A serum osmolality test looks for a chemical imbalance in your blood. (web.app)
Osmolality refers to the concentration of dissolved particles of chemicals and minerals -- such as sodium and other electrolytes -- in your blood. (web.app)
The pH (HYDROGEN-ION CONCENTRATION) of the arterial BLOOD provides an index for the total body acid-base balance. (lookformedical.com)
Rarely, patients have no M-protein in blood and urine, although the currently used serum free light chain assay now demonstrates monoclonal light chains in many of these formerly so-called nonsecretory patients. (merckmanuals.com)

It is related to acidity measurements in most cases by pH = log 1/2[1/(H+)], where (H+) is the hydrogen ion concentration in gram equivalents per liter of solution. (lookformedical.com)

An injection of synthetic vasopressin will not elicit a change in serum and urine osmolality, since secretion of endogenous vasopressin is normal and appropriate. (cancertherapyadvisor.com)
The large portion of injection doses is excreted in the urine as inactivated compounds. (drugs-library.com)
neostigmine each ml of the 1:2000 concentration contains neostigmine methylsulfate 0.5 mg/ml, methylparaben 1.8 mg and propylparaben 0.2 mg (used as preservatives), in water for injection q.s.ph (range 5.0 6.5) adjusted, when necessary, with sodium hydroxide 1 ml usp 5 ml ampoule 32 midazolam inj. (tendersinmaharashtra.com)

Approximately 80% of a 100 g dose appears in the urine in three hours. (nih.gov)
Sixty-five percent of the dose is recovered in the urine as unchanged drug and 11% of the dose appears as the metabolite adipic acid. (globalrph.com)

Using the example discussed earlier, if urine flow rate is 1 ml/min and osmolar clearance is 2 ml/min, free-water clearance would be -1 ml/min. (brainkart.com)
The goals of her 11-month investigation are to determine (a) if urine color (U COL ), an inexpensive and practical tool, is a valid means of monitoring body water balance and (b) if U COL in 24 h and single samples accurately determines urine concentration. (karger.com)
Urine concentration will increase with water restriction. (cancertherapyadvisor.com)

Particles tend to diffuse from areas of high concentration to areas of lower concentration to reach equilibrium. (byui.edu)

[1] Exposure to very high concentrations of gaseous ammonia can result in lung damage and death. (wikidoc.org)
The strength of such solutions is measured in units of baume (density), with 26 degrees baume (about 30 weight percent ammonia at 15.5 °C) being the typical high concentration commercial product. (wikidoc.org)
It inhibits them, nicotine at high concentrations. (reflectionsbodysolutions.com)

Closely monitor the urine output and discontinue mannitol infusion promptly if output is low. (nih.gov)
This three-stage severity classification system is based on changes in serum creatinine (SCr) concentration and urine output (UOP). (beds.ac.uk)

TCDD-induced oxidative stress and inflammation markers can be detected non-invasively in the EBC and urine in the follow-up of the highly-exposed patients. (nel.edu)
Of patients producing either IgG or IgA, 40% also have Bence Jones proteinuria, which is free monoclonal kappa ( κ ) or lambda ( λ ) light chains in the urine. (merckmanuals.com)

Diagnosis typically requires demonstration of M-protein (sometimes present in urine and not serum but rarely absent entirely) and/or light-chain proteinuria, and excessive plasma cells in the bone marrow. (merckmanuals.com)

Anatomy2

Organisms1

Diseases5

Chemicals and Drugs23

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment8

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes6

Information Science1

Health Care1

Excretion7

Dilute4

Solutes5

Osmolarity3

Clearances1

MOsmol2

Glucose3

Sodium Concentration4

Response to water deprivation1

Body fluids1

Osmotically active2

Polyuria4

Osmolality exceeds3

Dilution1

Antidiuretic1

Solute5

Electrolyte1

Fluid5

Plasma vasopressin2

Urea1

Oxalate1

Urinary1

Cortisol1

Concentrate2

Kidney3

Extracellular1

Volume5

Kidneys2

Abnormally1

Potassium concentration1

Blood5

Liter1

Injection3

Dose appears2

Water3

Particles1

High3

Output2

Patients2

Diagnosis1