• In vitro, tetrazolium-based colorimetric (MTT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and colony formation assays were used to study the effects of matrine on SiHa cell activity and cytotoxicity. (bvsalud.org)
  • Matrine promoted SiHa cell death in vitro, as evidenced by the results of MTT and LDH assays. (bvsalud.org)
  • In vitro characterization and delivery of chitosan-DNA microparticles into mammalian cells. (ualberta.ca)
  • In the present study, we have investigated DNA encapsulation efficiency and loading capacity of chitosan microparticles prepared in different conditions, as well as in vitro DNA release from microparticles, and transfection of different cell lines with chitosan-DNA microparticles, which may be employed in future in vivo studies. (ualberta.ca)
  • Although the transfection efficiency of chitosan-DNA microparticles was typically lower than that of DNA complexed with lipid-based reagents, in vitro transfection results indicated that HEK293 cells take up chitosan-DNA microparticles more efficiently compared to HeLa and mouse fibroblastic 3T3 cell lines. (ualberta.ca)
  • The efficient delivery of functional therapeutic genes into target cells in vitro and in vivo is an important problem in gene therapy approaches for the treatment of hereditary diseases and cancer (9, 10). (ualberta.ca)
  • Chitosan microparticles containing reporter genes are being used for the transfection of mammalian cells both in vitro and in vivo conditions (28-30). (ualberta.ca)
  • The role of ZIP4 in HCC was investigated by overexpressing ZIP4 in BEL7402 and HepG2 cells and inhibiting ZIP4 in HuH-7 and HepG2 cells, using overexpression and shRNA plasmids in vitro studies. (ijbs.com)
  • The invention also relates to methods of using antibodies and antibody-drug conjugate compounds for in vitro, in situ, and in vivo diagnosis or treatment of mammalian cells, or associated pathological conditions. (justia.com)
  • In vitro cellular uptake studies of the nanoparticles into prostate cancer cell lines were performed using light scattering microscopy to provide three-dimensional (3D) imaging. (mdpi.com)
  • By this basic mechanism, protein kinases mediate most of the signal transduction in eukaryotic cells, regulating cellular metabolism, transcription, cell cycle progression, cytoskeletal rearrangement and cell movement, apoptosis, and differentiation. (insulin-receptor.info)
  • In addition to supplying cellular energy, mitochondria are involved in other tasks, such as signaling , cellular differentiation , and cell death , as well as maintaining control of the cell cycle and cell growth . (wikipedia.org)
  • Intriguingly, MPA and Mouse monoclonal to IGF2BP3 additional IMPDH inhibitors induce differentiation in mammalian cells [25-28], and it is possible that such inhibitors will also disrupt the developmental system of bacteria. (igesip.org)
  • promoting abnormal regulation of signalling pathways involved in cell cycle regulation, genetic stability, apoptosis and cell differentiation. (kdwis.com)
  • Mutations in the lysosomal pathway result in tumor progression in melanoma cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • The induction of cancer cell ferroptosis, which is a novel cell death pattern, can become an effective clinical therapy for tumor in the future. (bvsalud.org)
  • Using Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) Dataset (GSE201309), we evaluated the relationship between the effects of matrine on malignant tumor cells and ferroptosis. (bvsalud.org)
  • The analysis results of GEO data set show matrine-induced effects in tumor cells were indeed involved in the process of ferroptosis. (bvsalud.org)
  • Tumor cell-derived exosomes mediate signal transduction between the tumor and tumor microenvironment. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Cell experiment and animal tumor formation experiment were used to evaluate whether exosomal NOX1 stimulating ROS production to promote M2 polarization of TAM in cervical cancer. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Exosomes, a type of extracellular vesicles, are released by almost all eukaryotic cells, including tumor cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Tumor cell-derived exosomes mediate signal transduction between the tumor and surrounding non-tumor cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • B-cell antigens are expressed on the immature cells that make up the tumor in virtually all cases of Burkitt lymphoma . (lookformedical.com)
  • Transmembrane or otherwise tumor-associated polypeptides specifically expressed on the surface of cancer cells as compared to normal, non-cancerous cell(s) have been identified as cellular targets for cancer diagnosis and therapy with antibodies. (justia.com)
  • Identification of such tumor-associated cell surface antigen polypeptides, i.e. tumor associated antigens (TAA), allows specific targeting of cancer cells for destruction via antibody-based therapies. (justia.com)
  • The use of antibody-drug conjugates (ADC), i.e. immunoconjugates, for the local delivery of cytotoxic or cytostatic agents, i.e. drugs to kill or inhibit tumor cells in the treatment of cancer (Lambert, J. (2005) Curr. (justia.com)
  • No. 4,975,278) allows targeted delivery of the drug moiety to tumors, and intracellular accumulation therein, where systemic administration of these unconjugated drug agents may result in unacceptable levels of toxicity to normal cells as well as the tumor cells sought to be eliminated (Baldwin et al (1986) Lancet pp. (justia.com)
  • Cytotoxic activity of a-humulene and transcaryophyllene from Salvia officinalis in animal and human tumor cells. (academicjournals.org)
  • Specifically in cancer, EVs secreted by tumor cells promote the development of tumor-related features in recipient cells and the acquisition of the cancer hallmarks described in the literature [ 11 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
  • [20] This finding has led to general acceptance of the endosymbiotic hypothesis - that free-living prokaryotic ancestors of modern mitochondria permanently fused with eukaryotic cells in the distant past, evolving such that modern animals, plants, fungi, and other eukaryotes are able to respire to generate cellular energy . (wikipedia.org)
  • The hallmark of eukaryotic cells is their compartmentalization into distinct membrane-bound organelles. (elifesciences.org)
  • Various methods have been developed to accomplish gene transfer into eukaryotic cells. (ualberta.ca)
  • This issue is of particular relevance since changes in NO release could play an important role in endothelial function maintenance, in addition to regulating proliferation of smooth muscle cells, leukocyte adhesion, platelet aggregation, angiogenesis, thrombosis, vascular tone, and hemodynamics. (hindawi.com)
  • Effects of sinusoidal magnetic field observed on cell proliferation, ion concentration, and osmolarity in two human cancer cell lines med. (emf-portal.org)
  • Understanding the function of lectin-glycan recognition systems in cell death will facilitate the implementation of novel therapeutic strategies aimed at controlling unbalanced cell proliferation and survival in several pathologic conditions. (nature.com)
  • The proliferation activity, mortality of SH-SY5Y cells, adenosine triphosphate and pyruvic acid were measured. (ijpsonline.com)
  • To infer functional relationships between SLCs and metabolites, we developed a strategy to identify SLCs able to sustain cell viability and proliferation under growth-limiting concentrations of essential nutrients. (life-science-alliance.org)
  • One-by-one depletion of 13 amino acids required for cell proliferation enabled gain-of-function genetic screens using a SLC-focused CRISPR/Cas9-based transcriptional activation approach to uncover transporters relieving cells from growth-limiting metabolic bottlenecks. (life-science-alliance.org)
  • NQ interacted with HepG2 cell DNA and reduced histone deacetylases to control cell proliferation and arrest the cell cycle at the sub-G stage. (molcells.org)
  • NQ induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells by activating p53-ROS crosstalk and induces epigenetic modifications leading to inhibited proliferation and cell cycle arrest. (molcells.org)
  • Suppressing cell cycle and proliferation rates depends on different parameters, such as DNA structural changes and inhibiting the activities of histone deacetylases (HDACs). (molcells.org)
  • The cytotoxic effects of the plant extracts were determined using tetrazolium-based colorimetric (MTT) cell proliferation assay against MCF-7, human colorectal carcinoma cells (Caco-2), A549 and HeLa cancerous cell lines. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Low power laser irradiation (LPLI) promotes proliferation of multiple cells, which (especially red and near infrared light) is mainly through the activation of mitochondrial respiratory chain and the initiation of cellular signaling. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Cell proliferation is a very important physiological effect for low power laser irradiation (LPLI) used in clinical practice. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, the mechanisms of cell proliferation induced by LPLI are poorly understood. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Recently, a large number of signaling proteins reported play an important key role in the process of LPLI-induced cell proliferation, probably due to the fact that the molecular events they are involved in are the basic response of the cells to extracellular stimuli. (biomedcentral.com)
  • During these processes, the cancer cells acquire multiple allelic mutations in genes such as proto-oncogenes, tumour suppressor (TS) genes and other genes that control cell proliferation ( Hahn and Weinberg, 2002 ). (kdwis.com)
  • It was found that the cellular uptake of the UCNPs occurred primarily by clathrin-mediated endocytosis, whereas they were secreted from the cells via lysosomal exocytosis. (edu.au)
  • The results of this study, focused on the mechanisms of the cellular uptake, localization and secretion of UCNPs, demonstrate, for the first time, the co-localization of UCNPs within discrete cell organelles. (edu.au)
  • Matrine, a constituent of the traditional Chinese herb Sophora flavescentis Radix, is known for its anti-cervical cancer properties and ability to induce programmed cell death. (bvsalud.org)
  • NADPH oxidase 1 (NOX1) gene-mediated production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) could induce migration and invasion of cervical cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Recently, overexpression of DEAD-box helicase 19A (DDX19A) was reported to increase NOX-1-mediated production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) to induce migration and invasion of cervical squamous cell carcinoma cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In growth factor-deprived cells, however, blocking Rab7 function prevented the clearance of glucose and amino acid transporter proteins from the cell surface. (wikipedia.org)
  • Actin-severing proteins ADF/cofilin are required for the sorting of secretory cargo at the trans-Golgi network (TGN) in mammalian cells. (upf.edu)
  • We initially used maps statically to generate a database with localization and absolute copy number information for over 8700 proteins from HeLa cells, approaching comprehensive coverage. (elifesciences.org)
  • Proteins are the tools and machines of the cell, and each organelle has its own set of proteins that it requires to work correctly. (elifesciences.org)
  • Each cell contains ten or more organelles, and several thousand different types of proteins. (elifesciences.org)
  • The location of many proteins in a cell is unclear or simply not known. (elifesciences.org)
  • set out to develop a method that reveals the locations of all the proteins in a cell at any given time. (elifesciences.org)
  • The resulting technique maps the location of most of the proteins in a human cancer cell line and, in addition, determines how many copies of each protein there are. (elifesciences.org)
  • Only anti-EspA is found in LEE proteins is triggered by close contact with host cells. (cdc.gov)
  • Glycans, either alone or complexed with glycan-binding proteins, can deliver intracellular signals or control extracellular processes that promote initiation, execution and resolution of cell death programs. (nature.com)
  • Herein, we review the role of glycans and glycan-binding proteins as essential components of the cell death machinery during physiologic and pathologic settings. (nature.com)
  • At that time, glycobiology, which is the study of carbohydrates and their recognition by motif-specific carbohydrate-binding proteins or lectins, lagged far behind the studies that defined the structural and cellular biology of cell death. (nature.com)
  • These proteins have been implicated in control of viral transcription and may possibly serve as the "glue" that binds the nucleocapsid to the appropriate membrane site during viral budding from the host cell. (lookformedical.com)
  • This review described the factors that affect growth properties and metabolism at elevated oxygen concentrations that cells may be exposed to, in bioreactor sparged with oxygen enriched air which could affect the yield and quality of the recombinant proteins produced by high cell density schemes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • LPLI-induced cell cycle progression can be regulated by the activation or elevated expressions of cell cycle-specific proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Cancer cells are known to proliferate uncontrollably and therefore, have greater demand for energy and a ready supply of the building blocks necessary for the biosynthesis of macromolecules such as nucleotides, proteins and lipids). (kdwis.com)
  • In addition, EVs are mediators of communication between cells in physiological and pathological settings, and they transport a diverse array of biomolecules, including lipids, nucleic acids, carbohydrates and proteins. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Throughout the years, ROS and NO have been widely considered to enter cells by freely diffusing through the cell membrane lipid bilayer and not via specific transporters or channels. (hindawi.com)
  • The Na + ,K + -ATPase maintains the physiological gradients for Na + and K + ions and is, therefore, critical for the activity of ion channels and transporters involved neuronal excitability, neurotransmitter uptake or Ca 2+ signaling. (frontiersin.org)
  • Among the transporters identified, we characterized the cationic amino acid transporter SLC7A3 as a gene that, when up-regulated, overcame low availability of arginine and lysine by increasing their uptake, whereas SLC7A5 was able to sustain cellular fitness upon deprivation of several neutral amino acids. (life-science-alliance.org)
  • We analyse two comprehensive transcriptome datasets from human tissues and human-derived cell lines in terms of the expression profiles of the SLC and ABC families of membrane transporters. (biorxiv.org)
  • Similar trends hold true for the expression profiles of transporters in different cell lines, suggesting that cell lines exhibit largely similar transport behaviour to that of tissues. (biorxiv.org)
  • By contrast, the Gini coefficients for ABC transporters tend to be larger in cell lines than in tissues, implying that some kind of a selection process has taken place. (biorxiv.org)
  • mainly involved in uptake, and ABC transporters (ABCs), mainly involved in efflux (e.g. (biorxiv.org)
  • In the presence of growth factor, growth factor inhibition of mammalian Rab7 had no effect on nutrient transporter expression in mouse pro-B-lymphocytic cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • 1994. Inhibition of Na+-glucose cotransport in kidney cortical cells by cadmium and copper: Protection by zinc. (cdc.gov)
  • Both Na + loading and cell swelling were dampened on inhibition of TRPV4 channels. (jneurosci.org)
  • Methanol extract from W. salutaris and ethyl acetate extract from C. dentata revealed 53% inhibition of R6G inside the cell against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli respectively in a cytosolic lactate dehydrogenase assay, suggesting that the mode of action of such extracts may be through efflux pump. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Functional characterization of an organic cation transporter (hOCT1) in a transiently transfected human cell line (HeLa). (drugbank.com)
  • The purpose of the present study was to develop a mammalian expression system for hOCT1 and to characterize the interactions of various compounds with the cloned transporter. (drugbank.com)
  • Lipofection was used to transiently transfect the hOCT1 plasmid DNA in a human cell line, HeLa. (drugbank.com)
  • We tested the interaction of an array of organic cations and other compounds with hOCT1 by determining Ki values in inhibiting 14C-tetraethylammonium (TEA) transport in the transfected cells. (drugbank.com)
  • 14C-TEA uptake in hOCT1 plasmid DNA-transfected HeLa cells was trans-stimulated by unlabeled TEA and 1-methyl-4-phenyl-pyridinium. (drugbank.com)
  • Transiently transfected HeLa cells represent a useful tool in studying the interactions and kinetics of organic cations and other xenobiotics with hOCT1 and in understanding the molecular events involved in organic cation transport. (drugbank.com)
  • This review focuses on an emerging topic, the functional involvement of AQPs in ROS membrane transport, with specific regard to the movement of hydrogen peroxide and NO into and out of cells, in both health and oxidative stress-induced diseases. (hindawi.com)
  • The process of endocytosis works by folding the cell membrane around a substance outside of the cell (for example a protein) and then forms a vesicle. (wikipedia.org)
  • The vesicle is then brought into the cell and cleaved from the cell membrane. (wikipedia.org)
  • When Rab7 was inhibited, growth factor-deprived cells maintained their mitochondrial membrane potential and displayed prolonged, growth factor-independent, nutrient-dependent cell survival. (wikipedia.org)
  • In Gram-negative bacterial cell envelopes S-layers are linked to the lipopolysaccharide component of the It is now well-recognized that crystalline bacterial cell outer membrane. (2medicalcare.com)
  • Mitochondria have a double membrane structure and use aerobic respiration to generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is used throughout the cell as a source of chemical energy . (wikipedia.org)
  • This method relies on introducing a live-cell membrane-permeant DNA fluorophore, such as Hoechst 33342, into the culture medium of cells at the end of any live-cell imaging experiment and measuring each cell's integrated nuclear fluorescence to quantify DNA content. (biomedcentral.com)
  • To overcome the limitations brought upon by cellular fixation, membrane-permeant DNA fluorophores were designed to stain DNA stoichiometrically in live-cells (supravital staining), enabling both the quantification of DNA content and the ability to track the movement of chromosomes over time. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In both groups of women, milk host cell membrane. (cdc.gov)
  • At the site of bacterial attachment, the commonly has sIgA against various EHEC lipopolysaccha- host cell membrane forms a pedestal-like structure. (cdc.gov)
  • the most important are pro- cell membrane and cytosol (7). (cdc.gov)
  • The mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), reactive oxygen species (ROS), cell cycle, apoptosis, DNA damage, and caspase 3 activity were analyzed by flow cytometry, and the expression profiles of different anti- and pro-apoptotic as well as epigenetic signals were studied by immunoblotting. (molcells.org)
  • used a technique called patch-clamp to study the movement of ions across the membrane of melanosomes from skin and eye cells. (elifesciences.org)
  • The internalization and cytotoxicity of the thus obtained UCNPs were evaluated in three cell lines (HeLa, HEK293 and astrocytes). (edu.au)
  • Together, rapidFLIM enabled the spatiotemporal visualization and quantification of neuronal Na + transients at unprecedented speed and independent from changes in cell volume. (jneurosci.org)
  • Increase in mitochondrial biogenesis in neuronal cells by. (web.app)
  • Nov 29, 2017 this study highlights a novel approach to upregulate mitochondrial biogenesis in neuronal cells. (web.app)
  • provide the microorganisms with a selection advantage byfunctioning as protective coats, molecule and ion traps, andas a structure involved in cell adhesion, surface recognition *Address correspondence to this author at the Center for Nano- or antifouling [5, 11, 12, 15]. (2medicalcare.com)
  • In this review we summarize available information about the effect of elevated oxygen concentrations on the physiology of microorganisms and cells at various culture conditions. (biomedcentral.com)
  • To prevent the potential damage, the microorganisms and cells respond by activating antioxidant defenses and repair systems. (biomedcentral.com)
  • With the routine utilization of high density growth of microorganisms and mammalian cells for production of various biologicals, the use of oxygen-enriched air has become a common strategy. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We loaded gold-quercetin into poly(DL-lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles (NQ) and tested the biological activity of NQ on HepG2 hepatocarcinoma cells to acquire the sustained release property. (molcells.org)
  • Surface functionalization of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) is essential for biomedical applications that target them to specific disease areas and allow them to selectively interact with cells or biomolecules. (molcells.org)
  • It was therefore assumed that cancer cells were generating energy using glycolysis rather than mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, and that the mitochondria were dysfunctional. (researchgate.net)
  • To achieve the above target, cancer cells preferentially use aerobic glycolysis, otherwise known as the Warburg effect, over oxidative phosphorylation. (kdwis.com)
  • Some of the impairments in glycolytic pathway, Krebs cycle and oxidative phosphorylation that contribute to cancer cell growth, development, progression, survival and malignancy would be critically discussed. (kdwis.com)
  • A cytotoxicity assay indicated that NQ preferentially killed cancer cells, compared to normal cells. (molcells.org)
  • The ability of to invade Hela cells and proliferate is also dramatically reduced by the loss of both IMPDH and GMPS bacteria are found intracellularly than wild-type [34]. (igesip.org)
  • Several years later, Kerr and co-workers 2 defined the morphological changes in cells undergoing this process, also known as apoptosis. (nature.com)
  • We discuss here the contribution of glycan-lectin interactions to the initiation, execution and resolution of apoptosis and their emerging roles in other cell death programs including autophagy. (nature.com)
  • The goal of this study was to explore the regulatory mechanism of trehalose on the autophagy death of SHSY5Y cells induced by oxygen and sugar deprivation from the aspect of glycolysis. (ijpsonline.com)
  • In the early stage of ischemia and hypoxia, cells will increase the energy supply to the ischemic area, especially the functional area of the ischemic penumbra, by regulating glycolysis. (ijpsonline.com)
  • Pyruvate, the end-product of glycolysis has several fates within the cell, depending on the energy need of the body. (kdwis.com)
  • Upregulation of NOX1 may be associated with infiltration of M2-type macrophages in cervical cancer tissues, and NOX1 promotes malignant features of cervical cancer cells by stimulating ROS production. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The scope of the special issue is to summarize and enlarge the knowledge in signalling processes and networks in diverse cells and tissues. (mdpi.com)
  • A central aspect is then the ability to optimize the functional properties with high spatial resolution, creating materials that are able to control the interaction with the biological surrounding at the nanoscale thus guiding the responses of biomolecules, cells and tissues. (european-mrs.com)
  • The light must be absorbed by the endogenous chromophores of cells or tissues for actions. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The Gini index (coefficient) characterises inequalities of distributions, and is used in a novel way to describe the distribution of the expression of each transporter among the different tissues and cell lines. (biorxiv.org)
  • The lowest four in tissues are FAM32A, ABCB7, MRPL21 and PCBP1, while the lowest three in cell lines are SF3B2, NXF1 and RBM45. (biorxiv.org)
  • PCBP1 is both reasonably highly expressed and has a low Gini coefficient in both tissues and cell lines, and is an excellent novel housekeeping gene. (biorxiv.org)
  • Cell death coincides with increases in intracellular Fe2+, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and lipid peroxides. (bvsalud.org)
  • For successful transgene expression, viruses administered into muscle must undergo a series of processes, including host cell interaction and internalization, intracellular sorting, long-range retrograde axonal transport, endosomal liberation, and nuclear import. (frontiersin.org)
  • The augmentation of intracellular pH, when cells are in a HEPES buffer, should be taken into consideration in studies that encompass all proton-coupled transporter families. (aspetjournals.org)
  • What is the precise role of intracellular and extracellular galectins in the control of cell death programs? (nature.com)
  • Collectively, we anticipate that this method will allow high-resolution microscopic analysis of cellular processes involving cell cycle progression, such as checkpoint activation, DNA replication, and cellular division. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Then, a survey is given about ATP1A2 mutations implicated in migraine cases as documented in the literature with focus on mutations that were described to completely destroy enzyme function, or lead to misfolded or mistargeted protein in particular model cell lines. (frontiersin.org)
  • This parasite becomes resistant to IMPDH inhibitors via two loss-of-function mutations that prevent hypoxanthine uptake and accumulation. (igesip.org)
  • The cross fertilization of biology, molecular biology, Crystalline bacterial cell surface layers, referred to as S- organic chemistry, material sciences, and physics has opened layers [1-3] have now been identified in hundreds of different up significant opportunities for innovation in previously species of bacteria and represent an almost universal feature unrelated fields. (2medicalcare.com)
  • However, the measurement of DNA content by flow cytometry provides little resolution to the biology of individual cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Dynamic Organellar Maps enable the proteome-wide analysis of physiological protein movements, without requiring any reagents specific to the investigated process, and will thus be widely applicable in cell biology. (elifesciences.org)
  • DNA and cell biology. (nyu.edu)
  • Overall, this gain-of-function approach using human cells uncovered functional transporter-nutrient relationships and revealed that transport activity up-regulation may be sufficient to overcome environmental metabolic restrictions. (life-science-alliance.org)
  • This review will discuss the metabolic reprogramming of cancer, possible explanations for the high glucose consumption in cancer cells observed by Warburg, and suggest key experimental practices we should consider when studying the metabolism of cancer. (researchgate.net)
  • In most Gram-positive bacteria the Thus, learning how to create complex and large supra- S-layer is attached to a rigid wall matrix involving lectin molecular structures and the elucidation of rules mediating binding between a glycan (referred to as secondary cell wall their organization into functional materials will offer a broad polymer, SCWP) covalently-attached to the peptidoglycan spectrum of new technologies. (2medicalcare.com)
  • The emergence of functional studies on animal lectins during the 1990s has provided the appropriate framework to better understand their roles in cell death. (nature.com)
  • Virus-mediated gene therapy has the potential to deliver exogenous genetic material into specific cell types to promote survival and counteract disease. (frontiersin.org)
  • Administration of gene therapy viruses into skeletal muscle, where distal terminals of motor and sensory neurons reside, has been shown to result in extensive transduction of cells within the spinal cord, brainstem, and sensory ganglia. (frontiersin.org)
  • Gene therapy viruses are non-replicating, but still hijack host cell machinery to express transgenes of interest in the nucleus. (frontiersin.org)
  • These methods involve the use of genetically modified viruses to deliver the genetic material (11, 12), non-viral gene transfers including the direct physical introduction of the genetic material into cells (13-15) and formation of DNA complexes with inorganic salts, polycations, or lipids to transfer the DNA into the cells (16-18). (ualberta.ca)
  • One of the major gene transfer vehicles, genetically modified viruses such as retrovirus, adenovirus, etc., have been utilized for approximately 80% of approved phase I clinical trials because of ease of transfer of their genome into the cells (19). (ualberta.ca)
  • 6] "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). (tcdb.org)
  • 14] "The expression of the solute carriers NTCP and OCT-1 is regulated by cholesterol in HepG2 cells. (tcdb.org)
  • this surface organelle acts as a conduit between the bacteria and host cell (4-6). (cdc.gov)
  • The response of bacteria, yeast, and mammalian and insects cells to oxidative stress is a topic that has been studied for many years. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The authors concluded that RAB7 functions as a proapoptotic protein by limiting cell-autonomous nutrient uptake. (wikipedia.org)
  • Combining spatial and abundance information yielded an unprecedented quantitative view of HeLa cell anatomy and organellar composition, at the protein level. (elifesciences.org)
  • It also allowed quantitative imaging independent from changes in cell volume, revealing a surprisingly strong and hitherto uncovered contribution of TRPV4 channels to Na + loading on energy failure. (jneurosci.org)
  • Ras-related protein Rab-7a is involved in endocytosis, which is a process that brings substances into a cell. (wikipedia.org)
  • We assessed ferroptosis-related protein abundance using western blotting and ferroptosis-related indices in cells using confocal immunofluorescence microscopy. (bvsalud.org)
  • Presented in conjunction with cells expressing a histone 2B-GFP fusion protein (H2B-GFP), we demonstrated how this method enabled chromosomal segregation errors to be tracked in cells as they progressed through cellular division that were later identified as either diploid or polyploid. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Subcellular localization critically influences protein function, and cells control protein localization to regulate biological processes. (elifesciences.org)
  • The semilunar-shaped ganglion containing the cells of origin of most of the sensory fibers of the trigeminal nerve. (lookformedical.com)
  • 10 Galectins can function inside the cells by modulating signaling pathways, 11 although they also act extracellularly by establishing multivalent interactions with cell surface glycans and delivering signals that lead to disruption of cellular homeostasis. (nature.com)
  • Among various mechanisms, the uncoupling of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in vascular cells has also widely been reported to be involved in ROS generation. (hindawi.com)
  • Mechanisms regulating cardiomyocyte cell cycle arrest are of great interest partly because reversing this process could provide a way to stimulate cardiac regeneration after injury [ 17 ]. (springer.com)
  • Two decades later, pioneering studies suggested that lectin-like molecules constitutively expressed on the surface of macrophages can selectively recognize changes on glycans decorating the surface of apoptotic thymocytes, 4 , 5 although these studies likewise did not provide substantial insight into the mechanisms by which lectin-glycan interactions regulate cell death. (nature.com)
  • on how they damage the cellular components and on the defense mechanisms the cell activates to prevent the effect of these reactive species [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Glycosylation of classical death receptors fine-tunes cell death programs. (nature.com)
  • However, in most the reported studies, the oxidative stress was caused by challenging the organisms with H 2 O 2 and redox-cycling drugs, but not by subjecting the cells to high concentrations of molecular oxygen. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Crucially, some viral vectors (i.e., viruses specifically used to deliver genetic material into cells) have the potential to circumvent the blood-brain- (BBB) and blood-spinal cord barriers (BSCB) when intravenously injected. (frontiersin.org)
  • by "transduction," we mean the introduction of genetic material into target cells. (frontiersin.org)
  • Most relevant, S- layer lattices possess pores identical in size and morphology layers represent the base for very versatile self-assembly in the 2 to 8 nm range, they work as precise molecular sieves systems involving all major species of biological molecules providing sharp cut off levels for the bacterial cell [14]. (2medicalcare.com)
  • Specific molecular components of the cell capable of recognizing and interacting with a virus, and which, after binding it, are capable of generating some signal that initiates the chain of events leading to the biological response. (lookformedical.com)
  • Yet, the damaging effect of molecular oxygen on the cell behavior has not been fully studied. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This effort gave rise to the development of guidelines, which now permit distinguishing between EVs according to their size, density, molecular cargo, or information regarding the cell of origin. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • The interior of every cell is highly organised, and contains many compartments, called organelles, that are dedicated to specific roles. (elifesciences.org)
  • In particular, no ion channel has been characterized in melanosomes, organelles that produce and store the major mammalian pigment melanin. (elifesciences.org)
  • 1996) found that RAB7a was expressed as 1.7- and 2.5-kb transcripts in all cell lines examined but that there was a large difference in the total amount of RAB7a mRNA among the cell lines. (wikipedia.org)
  • The acetone extracts from Waburgia salutaris revealed noteworthy anti-proliferative effect yielding IC 50 value of 34.15 μg/ml against MCF-7 cell line, while acetone extract from Curtisia dentata significantly ( P ≤ 0.05) revealed promising IC 50 values of 41.55, 45.13, 57.35 and 43.24 μg/ml against A549, HeLa, CaCo-2 and MCF-7 cell lines. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Overall, the extracts had good antibacterial activity and anti-proliferative effects against selected cancerous cell lines. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Altogether there are four main datasets, namely 409 "SLCs" in 59 tissue types and 56 cell lines, and 48 ABCs in the same tissue types and cell lines. (biorxiv.org)
  • Human SH-SY5Y cells were divided into three groups includes control group (control), model group (oxygen and sugar deprivation) and experimental group (oxygen and sugar deprivation+trehalose). (ijpsonline.com)
  • It produces malignancy in human and newborn hamster kidney cell cultures. (lookformedical.com)
  • They are short-lived cells resembling bursa-derived lymphocytes of birds in their production of immunoglobulin upon appropriate stimulation. (lookformedical.com)
  • Nrf1 may play an integral role in coupling mitochondrial replication with nuclear replication over the course of the cell cycle through regulation of e2f transcription factor targets and mitochondrial genes, indicating a link between cell division and mitochondrial biogenesis cam et al. (web.app)
  • Although most of a eukaryotic cell's DNA is contained in the cell nucleus , the mitochondrion has its own genome ("mitogenome") that is substantially similar to bacterial genomes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Given that the basic genome of a differentiated organism is constant between cells (and we here ignore epigenomics), what mainly discriminates one cell type from another is its expression profile. (biorxiv.org)
  • Transport of NO and ROS by AQPs would be required for cell homeostasis to play a critical role in maintaining endothelial function. (hindawi.com)
  • Self- endowed with the ability to assemble into a monomolecular assembly can be defined as a "bottom-up" process by which lattice during all stages of cell growth and cell division, they individual molecules (ranging in size up to large polymers) can be considered as the simplest type of biological become spontaneously organized into supramolecular membranes developed in the course of evolution [for review structures. (2medicalcare.com)
  • The surface of the living cells is decorated by a complex layer of glycosylated molecules that store relevant biological information. (nature.com)
  • Chitosan has a high potential for transferring DNA molecules into mammalian cells because of its cationic properties. (ualberta.ca)
  • Chitosan as a non-viral vehicle for transferring DNA molecules into the cells has recently attracted much attention because of its unique properties (7, 8). (ualberta.ca)
  • The major parameter of studies on PCFT-mediated transport has been the rate of transport into cells (influx). (aspetjournals.org)
  • Studies of various medicinal plants and other natural products from nature have shown the anti-proliferative, cytostatic and cytotoxic activities of various phytochemicals against different cancer cells [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The growth-inhibitory effect of hyperbaric oxygen was partially reduced by the addition of yeast extract to the culture medium and it was later established that 10 specific amino acids, niacin, and thiamin were necessary to maintain the cells growth capability at the elevated oxygen concentrations [ 14 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • But even with amino acid supplementation, the growth of E. coli AB1157 in glucose minimal medium was impaired when the cells were exposed to 1 atm of O 2 , and the growth was more affected when the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle-dependent carbon source succinate was used [ 16 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The proton-coupled folate transporter (PCFT) is ubiquitously expressed in solid tumors to which it delivers antifolates, particularly pemetrexed, into cancer cells. (aspetjournals.org)
  • This approach set the basis for therapeutic strategies aimed at eliminating aberrantly glycosylated cancer cells. (nature.com)
  • Influential research by Warburg and Cori in the 1920s ignited interest in how cancer cells' energy generation is different from that of normal cells. (researchgate.net)
  • In 2000, Hanahan and Weinberg published a seminal review tagged ''the hallmarks of cancer'' ( Hanahan and Weinberg, 2000 ) which aimed at summarising the promoting features of cancer cells into 6 major hallmarks. (kdwis.com)
  • On the contrary, the cell death rate and autophagy level of the experimental group were significantly lower than that of the model group. (ijpsonline.com)
  • The ability to monitor changes in organellar composition would provide a powerful tool to investigate cell biological processes at the systems level. (elifesciences.org)
  • Although one typically thinks of carbohydrates as associated with cell growth and viability, glycosylation also has an integral role in many processes leading to cell death. (nature.com)