• Chromosome 4 open reading frame 51 (C4orf51) is a protein which in humans is encoded by the C4orf51 gene. (wikipedia.org)
  • The C4orf51 gene is located at 4q31.21 on the plus strand of chromosome 4. (wikipedia.org)
  • The gene spans 120,289 base pairs and contains 6 exons. (wikipedia.org)
  • However, because C4orf51 contains long-terminal repeats (LTRs) of human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) in the gene body, it has exhibited high levels of expression in differentiation-defective human induced pluripotent stem cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • The PITX gene encode the paired-like homeodomain transcription factor family. (nature.com)
  • Here we report the analysis of the human gene TULP1, which is expressed specifically in the retina. (nih.gov)
  • We report here the isolation and characterization of the human ob gene. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Southern blot analysis demonstrated a single copy of the ob gene in the human genome. (elsevierpure.com)
  • The human ob gene spanned 20 kilobases (kb) and contained three exons separated by two introns. (elsevierpure.com)
  • The 172-bp 5'-flanking region of the human ob gene contained a TATA box-like sequence and several cis-acting regulatory elements (three copies of GC boxes, an AP-2-binding site, and a CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-binding site). (elsevierpure.com)
  • By the fluorescence in situ hybridization technique, the ob gene was assigned to human chromosome 7q31.3. (elsevierpure.com)
  • This study should establish the genetic basis for ob gene research in humans, thereby leading to the better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the ob gene. (elsevierpure.com)
  • The pleiotropic constraint of regulation of reversible sex-biased genes is widely present in ancient homomorphic sex chromosomes and might be resolved in heteromorphic sex chromosomes through gene duplication followed by subfunctionalization. (nature.com)
  • Our findings suggested that it was a potentially diagnostic individualized therapeutic target for ESCC in the future and that its application could possibly be combined with that of upstream THSD7A gene. (hindawi.com)
  • We found that scavenger receptor class A member 5( SCARA5 ), located on chromosome 8p21.1, is the downstream driving gene of THSD7A in ESCC [ 5 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Background ZNF597 , encoding a zinc-finger protein, is the human-specific maternally expressed imprinted gene located on 16p13.3. (bmj.com)
  • To dissect the mechanism of gene regulation, we sought to determine molecular targets by performing microarray analyses of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) treated with pitavastatin, and KLF4 was determined to be the most highly induced gene. (soken.ac.jp)
  • We focused on MEF2C among the MEF2 family members and identified a novel functional MEF2C binding site 148 kb upstream of the KLF4 gene by chromatin immunoprecipitation along with deep sequencing (ChIP-seq) followed by luciferase assay. (soken.ac.jp)
  • β-thalassemia results from numerous mutations or rarely deletions of the β globin gene on chromosome 11. (scirp.org)
  • These mutations primarily point mutations that affect transcriptional control, translation, and splicing of the Hb B gene and gene product [2]. (scirp.org)
  • Sickle cell disease ( SCD ) is considered as one of the commonest gene disorders of human beings. (scirp.org)
  • Sickle cell disease is an inherited genetic disorder, resulting from homozygous and compound heterozygote mutation in the β globin gene as a single base-pair point mutation (GAG to GTG) results in the substitution of glutamic acid (hydrophilic) to Valine (hydrophobic) in the 6th position of the β-chain of hemoglobin resulting in hemoglobin S formation [7]. (scirp.org)
  • The gene is mapped to chromosome 20q12-q13.1, a region that has been shown to be linked to type 2 diabetes. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • The gene was examined in 61 Danish type 2 diabetic patients, and a total of six variants (−27C→T, Ala206Thr, Ala272Ala, IVS2 + 10G→A, IVS4 + 18T→G, and IVS4 + 26G→A) were identified and investigated in an association study, which included 503 type 2 diabetic patients and 510 glucose-tolerant control subjects. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • The recently cloned SLC2A10 gene encodes a 541 amino acid putative facilitative glucose transporter (GLUT10) of the GLUT family class III with between 30 and 34% amino acid homology with the known GLUT proteins ( 1 , 2 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
  • 1993). For the murine or individual gene, activation from the murine gene needs cooperative binding of NF-B, ATF-2, and various other transcription elements (Skillet et al. (cancer-ecosystem.com)
  • Outcomes Era of transgenic mice that Aceneuramic acid hydrate exhibit the individual gene We reasoned a transgene formulated with the entire individual gene plus lengthy flanking sequences might confer tissue-specific, basal, and inducible appearance of individual P-selectin in mice as the indigenous gene will in human beings. (cancer-ecosystem.com)
  • We isolated a bacterial artificial chromosome clone composed of all 17 exons and 16 introns from the individual gene (Johnston et al. (cancer-ecosystem.com)
  • A) Schematic of bacterial artificial chromosome clone formulated with all 17 exons and 16 introns from the individual gene plus huge 5 and 3 flanking sequences. (cancer-ecosystem.com)
  • Arrows tag places of three pairs of PCR primers utilized to judge incorporation from the gene into DNA of transgenic mice. (cancer-ecosystem.com)
  • MrMOD provides genome position-fixed CRM models similar to the fixed gene models for the mouse and human genomes using only genomic sequences as the inputs with one adjustable parameter - the significance p-value. (bvsalud.org)
  • The gene encoding Sec31B is located on chromosome 10q24 and contains 29 exons. (biologists.com)
  • The homing endonuclease (HEG) gene drive system is one proposed genetic strategy [2] . (plos.org)
  • When a HEG is integrated into its recognition sequence in the genome, its protein product acts to cleave its cognate site on the homologous chromosome and gene conversion or homologous recombination can result in a new copy of the HEG being inserted. (plos.org)
  • In particular, HEG gene drive could be particularly effective if activity was restricted to the male germline to target genes required for female fertility/viability or engineered to destroy the X-chromosome by cutting at multiple X-specific sites [5] , [6] . (plos.org)
  • Genomic and cDNA sequence alignments as well as chromosome localization using nullisomic-tetrasomic lines provided strong evidence for three expressed gene copies located on homoeolog chromosomes for TaSK1 as well as for TaSK2 . (biomedcentral.com)
  • Here we report on a systematic approach to delineate such conserved elements from upstream regions of orthologous gene pairs from man and mouse. (mdc-berlin.de)
  • When not physically linked, the elements interact with elements on the homologous chromosome and cause derepression of its wild-type Scr gene. (nih.gov)
  • ChIP-qPCR assays were performed to evaluate the recruitment of different histone modifications in the core promoter region of securin gene as well as its upstream and downstream regions. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The protein encoded by this gene is a cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) -associated protein which is thought to negatively regulate CDK2 activity by sequestering monomeric CDK2, and targeting CDK2 for proteolysis. (cancerindex.org)
  • Lateral gene transfers resulted in different linkages between the ospC gene and loci of the chromosome or other plasmids. (cdc.gov)
  • The chromosome abnormalities disrupt regions of DNA that normally regulate the activity of the SOX9 gene. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The long-term undifferentiation of molluscan sex chromosomes is potentially sustained by the unexpected intertwined regulation of reversible sex-biased genes, together with the lack of sexual dimorphism and occasional sex chromosome turnover. (nature.com)
  • The evolutionary dynamics of sex chromosomes suggest a mechanism for 'inheritance' turnover of sex-determining genes that is mediated by translocation of a sex-determining enhancer. (nature.com)
  • The protein-coding component of these genes makes up just a small fraction of the human genome - 1.5 percent to 2 percent. (nih.gov)
  • Genome mapping studies have generated a nearly complete collection of genes for the human genome, but we still lack an equivalently vetted inventory of human regulatory sequences. (bvsalud.org)
  • We analyzed CRMs located in the chromosome 17 using unsupervised machine learning and identified groups of CRMs with multiple lines of evidence supporting their functionality, linking CRMs with upstream binding transcription factors and downstream target genes. (bvsalud.org)
  • Burt proposed that such methods could be applied to engineer HEGs that recognise and cleave sequences within coding sequences of genes in insect genomes, with the subsequent invasion of these HEGs into a population leading to the inactivation of target genes and the subsequent decline in fitness of the targeted population [2] . (plos.org)
  • In contrast to the human genome that contains two genes, plant GSKs are encoded by a multigene family. (biomedcentral.com)
  • PCR screening was performed for the genes for Shiga toxins 1 and 2 ( stx1 , stx2 and stx2 - variants) and the B subunit of cytolethal-distending toxin ( cdtB ). (cdc.gov)
  • Our findings provide evidence of host genetic influences on upper airway microbial composition in humans and implicate mucosal immunity genes in this relationship. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In fact, quantitative trait locus (QTL) approaches have successfully identified variation in candidate host genes that influence the RA of specific bacteria not only in Drosophila and mice but also in humans [ 22 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, despite its smaller size, most developmental genes and at least half of the disease- and cancer-causing genes in humans are conserved in Drosophila , making Drosophila an excellent model system for the study of human development and disease. (nih.gov)
  • An excess of SNP-level similarity was observed in class I of the MHC, and in a locus on chromosome 9 near eight consecutive functional odorant receptor genes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 1 Some of these, such as the MC1R 2 and ASIP 3 genes, have been fairly well studied and useful information has been obtained by examining mutation patterns at these loci. (creation.com)
  • A comparison of human and chimpanzee genes in the region of this inversion indicates that two genes-ROCK1 and USP14-that are adjacent on chimpanzee chromosome 17 (which corresponds to human chromosome 18) are more distantly positioned on human chromosome 18. (schleiden-eifel.de)
  • Because even small segments of chromosomes can span many genes, chromosomal disorders are characteristically dramatic and often fatal. (schleiden-eifel.de)
  • The enhancer is not only able to activate transcription of the Scr promoter that is 35 kb distant but can also activate transcription of the Scr promoter on the homologous chromosome. (nih.gov)
  • Having the human genome sequence is similar to having all the pages of an instruction manual needed to make the human body. (nih.gov)
  • The collaborative study focused on 44 targets, which together cover about 1 percent of the human genome sequence, or about 30 million DNA base pairs. (nih.gov)
  • Non-coding DNA segments that are conserved between the human and mouse genomic sequence are good indicators of possible regulatory sequences. (mdc-berlin.de)
  • Despite recent evidence for Y chromosome introgression from humans into Neanderthals, we find that the Neanderthal PAR1 retained similarity to the Denisovan sequence. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Sequence evolution of the pseudoautosomal region after the split between the avian and mammalian lineages, and leading up to extant mammalian species, involved the formation of several evolutionary strata mediated by recombination suppression between the sex chromosomes [ 18 , 19 , 20 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Flexible design -We can design your probes from any genome reference sequence(s), and can accommodate any cytogenetics use case, such as chromosome painting or barcoding, RNA-FISH, and much more. (arborbiosci.com)
  • F9/eae-F1 primer pair and KAPATaq (NIPPON Genetics, Tokyo, Japan), and the 3 half and the downstream region were amplified using the eae-R3/escD-R1 primer pair. (cdc.gov)
  • ChIP-qPCR data revealed that the quantity of DNA fragments retrieved from the immunoprecipitated samples was maximum in the -83 to -192 region than further upstream and the downstream of the promoter for H3K4Me3, H3K9ac, H3K18ac and H3K9me3. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The table below shows the correlation of maternal age (mother's age) and the potential risk of human genetic abnormalities in children. (edu.au)
  • The first column shows maternal age, the second column shows the most common human chromosomal abnormality, trisomy 21 (Down syndrome), the third column shows all chromosomal abnormalities. (edu.au)
  • They are termed mice bearing the transgene on both alleles have already been preserved for 2 yr without unexpected abnormalities. (cancer-ecosystem.com)
  • In humans and animals, GSK-3/SGG are key regulators of a broad range of signaling pathways and their dysregulation responsible for a number of diseases or developmental abnormalities, both aspects abundantly documented in the literature. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Changes in the structure or quantity of chromosomes , which are strands of condensed genetic material, are known as chromosomal aberrations or abnormalities. (schleiden-eifel.de)
  • However, within populations there can be found abnormalities involving the structure or number of chromosomes . (schleiden-eifel.de)
  • People with campomelic dysplasia usually have short legs, dislocated hips, underdeveloped shoulder blades, 11 pairs of ribs instead of 12, bone abnormalities in the neck, and inward- and upward-turning feet ( clubfeet ). (medlineplus.gov)
  • Though the variants vary in length, all contain exons 1 and 2. (wikipedia.org)
  • Among them, variants at 4q25, located upstream of PITX2 , far exceeded the preset threshold for genome-wide significance and demonstrate strong association with AF in both Europeans and Japanese popupations. (nature.com)
  • None of the variants were associated with type 2 diabetes. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Our results reveal important principles about the organization of functional elements in the human genome, providing new perspectives on everything from DNA transcription to mammalian evolution. (nih.gov)
  • Our work provides a comprehensive base pair resolution annotation of the functional regulatory elements and non-functional regions in the mammalian genomes. (bvsalud.org)
  • One locus important in embryogenesis, KIT , has been associated with white coat patterns in several mammalian species and piebaldism in humans. (creation.com)
  • In opinion of De Vries, these mutations give origin to a new species that he named "elementary species" [ 1 ], [ 2 ]. (intechopen.com)
  • The importance of pseudoautosomal regions is evident in the association of PAR1-specific mutations with various phenotypic consequences in humans. (biomedcentral.com)
  • For humans, a maximum of 10 alleles could have made it through unless Noah's sons carried mutations. (creation.com)
  • In an organism, any visible abnormality in chromosome number or structure from the diploid set is known as chromosomal aberration . (schleiden-eifel.de)
  • examples include aneuploidy (atypical chromosome number), deletion (loss of part of a chromosome), duplications (extra copies of a region of a chromosome), inversion (when part of a chromosome breaks off and reattaches in reverse. (schleiden-eifel.de)
  • This spacer and the putative promoter 600 bp upstream from the hsa‐miR‐200c stem-loop contain six putative binding sequences for [zinc‐finger E‐box binding homeobox 1] ZEB1, two of which were restricted to ZEB factors (Z‐box 1 and 2, CAGGTA). (wikiversity.org)
  • This could have significant implications for efforts to identify the DNA sequences involved in many human diseases. (nih.gov)
  • Despite the intrinsic complexity of human genome sequences, reads were easily mapped and analyzed, and all algorithms used provided the same results. (molvis.org)
  • Homing endonucleases differ functionally from the more well-known restriction endonucleases in that they possess longer recognition sequences of 18-22 base pairs in length. (plos.org)
  • We investigate PAR1 evolution using population genomic datasets of extant humans, eight populations of great apes, and two archaic human genome sequences. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Performing genome-wide target profiling on data sets obtained by retrieving chromosomal targeting sequences from individual clones, we have identified several piggyBac and Tol2 hotspots and observed that (4) piggyBac and Tol2 display a clear difference in targeting preferences in the human genome. (biomedcentral.com)
  • There are two promoter regions predicted by Genomatix, but only one (GXP_921944) is located upstream of the transcription start site. (wikipedia.org)
  • The chromosomal aberrations identified an imaginal leg enhancer about 35 kb upstream of the Scr promoter. (nih.gov)
  • Creator mice among the offspring had been discovered by PCR of tail genomic DNA with primer pairs located 30 kb upstream of exon 1, on the exon 9/intron 9 junction, and within exon 17 (Fig. 1, A and C). We amplified all three PCR items from three founders termed TghSelp2lysates (Fig. 1 E). Open up in another window Body 1. (cancer-ecosystem.com)
  • Tail genomic DNA was amplified using the three pairs of primers depicted within a. (cancer-ecosystem.com)
  • Recent progress in genome assembly of the sex chromosomes and the availability of population genomic datasets have now made it possible to study divergence and diversity processes of this important region in detail. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Consequently, PAR1 of humans and great apes is a small genomic region evolving under a concentration of strong population genetic forces. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This study highlights complex patterns of genomic identity among partners in unrelated couples, consistent with a multi-faceted role for genetic factors in mate choice behavior in human populations. (biomedcentral.com)
  • By applying whole genome and quantitative chromatin conformation analysis {chromatin interaction analysis with paired end tag sequencing (ChIA-PET), and real time chromosome conformation capture (3C) assay}, we observed that the MEF2C-bound enhancer and transcription start site (TSS) of KLF4 came into closer spatial proximity by pitavastatin treatment. (soken.ac.jp)
  • results from their study show the importance of the RAD51 nucleoprotein filament conformation for stimulating DNA pairing by BLM . (medscape.com)
  • Nasal insufflation of IL-11 causes AHR in wild-type mice while lung inflammation induced by antigen sensitization and challenge, which mimics features of atopic asthma in humans, is attenuated in mice genetically deficient in IL-11 receptor subunit alpha-1 (IL-11R1-deficient mice), a transmembrane receptor that is required conjointly with glycoprotein 130 to transduce IL-11 signaling. (cdc.gov)
  • We found significant similarity between spouses in the MHC at class I region in chromosome 6p21, and at the odorant receptor family 13 locus in chromosome 9. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Broad range of probeset sizes -Our optimized design and synthesis technologies can accommodate any size target, from a single locus to a full chromosome. (arborbiosci.com)
  • Comparing myTags synthetic probes (a) versus BAC-derived probes (b) for the human TP53 locus [ATTO 550] demonstrates that the myTags probes only hybridize to the intended locus, while the BAC-derived probes also display multiple off-target hybridizations, denoted by asterisks in (b). (arborbiosci.com)
  • Fig. 5: Divergence of sex chromosome and rSBG duplication across animal groups. (nature.com)
  • The first intron, 10.6 kb in size, occurred in the 5'-untranslated region, 29 base pair (bp) upstream of the ATG start codon. (elsevierpure.com)
  • We therefore decided to investigate comprehensively the global and high-resolution DNA methylation dynamics during early development of a non-human primate (rhesus monkey, Macaca mulatta ). (nature.com)
  • Monkeys have served as one of the most valuable models for understanding DNA methylation dynamics during early embryogenesis in human due to their similarities in genetics and early embryonic development 17 , 18 . (nature.com)
  • and elements that maintain the structure of chromosomes and mediate the dynamics of their replication. (nih.gov)
  • The mature miRNA is incorporated into a RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), which recognizes target mRNAs through imperfect base pairing with the miRNA and most commonly results in translational inhibition or destabilization of the target mRNA. (nih.gov)
  • Three of the 4 potential repressive elements were conserved between mouse and human, indicating their functional relevance. (wikiversity.org)
  • The ENCODE consortium's major findings include the discovery that the majority of DNA in the human genome is transcribed into functional molecules, called RNA, and that these transcripts extensively overlap one another. (nih.gov)
  • Akin to the normal hematopoietic system, leukemias are sustained by a small number of leukemia stem-like cells (LSC), which can be distinct from the normal hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) but also exhibit functional characteristics of self-renewal and (abnormal or hindered) differentiation, and are often quiescent ( 2 - 4 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • It is also reported that human PITX2 insufficiency results in cellular and molecular changes leading to atrial electrical and structural remodeling linked to arrhythmogenesis 6 . (nature.com)
  • Importantly, MrMOD predicts a comprehensive set of high-resolution CRMs in the mouse and human genomes including all types of regulatory modules not limited to any tissue, cell type, developmental stage, or condition. (bvsalud.org)
  • Both species diverged from humans an estimated 312 million years ago. (wikipedia.org)
  • B isolate GS: is human giardiasis caused by two different species? (mirnainhibitor.com)
  • A related, often sympatric species is Borrelia bissettii , but this species has not been associated with human disease. (cdc.gov)
  • Here, we profile eight genomes of the bivalve mollusc family of Pectinidae in a phylogenetic context and show 350 million years sex-chromosome homomorphy, which is the oldest known sex-chromosome homomorphy in the animal kingdom, far exceeding the ages of well-known heteromorphic sex chromosomes such as 130-200 million years in mammals, birds and flies. (nature.com)
  • Tol2 is a standard tool for manipulating zebrafish genomes and has been demonstrated to transpose effectively in frog, chicken, mouse and human cells as well [ 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Microcrystalline silica particles induce inflammatory response via pyroptosis in primary human respiratory epithelial cells. (nih.gov)
  • The morphology of HepG2 cells is epithelial and contains 55 chromosome pairs. (igem.org)
  • the fourth mutation affects a splice donor site upstream of this region. (nih.gov)
  • Genetic polymorphism in the intergenic region (HBS1L-MYB) between GTP-binding elongation factor HBS1L and myeloblastosis oncogene MYB on chromosome 6q is associated with high fetal hemoglobin levels. (scirp.org)
  • These results suggest that variation in the coding region of SLC2A10 does not contribute substantially to the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes in the examined study population. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • The mutation screening covered the coding (translated) region of SLC2A10 and an additional 128 bp upstream from the translation initiation site (ATG). (diabetesjournals.org)
  • The pseudoautosomal region 1 (PAR1) is a 2.7 Mb telomeric region of human sex chromosomes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Obligate male crossovers are restricted to this physically small region during male meiosis, so recombination rates per base pair are extremely high, and the region shows high nucleotide diversity. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We cloned the code of AFP and hTERT from ATG, and maybe with the Upstream noncoding region can make sense. (igem.org)
  • ENCODE Research Consortium Uncovers Surprises Related to Organization and Function of Human Genetic Blueprint. (nih.gov)
  • Relative to other human proteins, C4orf51 has more serine resides and fewer valine residues. (wikipedia.org)
  • GXP_921944 spans 1910 base pairs on chromosome 4. (wikipedia.org)
  • By 2003, 99% of the chemical base pairs that make up human DNA had been sequenced to within 99.99% accuracy (with the sequencing reported to have reached 100% by 2021). (medscape.com)
  • DNA footprinting utilizes a DNA damaging agent (either a chemical reagent or a nuclease) which cleaves DNA at every base pair. (lookformedical.com)
  • HIF-1α isoforms containing a three base pairs TAG insertion between exon 1 and exon 2 (designated HIF-1α TAG ) and HIF-1α 736 mRNAs were found expressed at higher levels in oestrogen receptor (OR)-negative carcinomas compared to normal/benign tissues ( P = 0.009 and P = 0.004 respectively). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Early clonal genetic events in benign hyperplastic lesions show losses at chromosomes 9p21 and 3p. (medscape.com)
  • The mutagenicity and genotoxicity of RAN-alkaloids has been demonstrated in several short-term assays, and it has been suggested that RAN should be considered a human carcinogen since it induces preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions in experimental animals [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Myocyte enhancer factor-2 (MEF2) family activation is reported to be involved in pitavastatin-dependent KLF4 induction. (soken.ac.jp)
  • Although the imaginal leg enhancer can activate transcription in all three pairs of legs, it is normally silenced in the second and third pairs of legs. (nih.gov)
  • Molluscs constitute the second largest, Precambrian-originated animal phylum and have ancient, uncharacterized homomorphic sex chromosomes. (nature.com)
  • In vivo SIP1, or Zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 2 (ZEB2), binds "to potential SIP1-binding sites (Z-boxes) located in the vicinity of the cyclin D1 transcription start site. (wikiversity.org)
  • To avoid elimination by this mechanism, human papillomaviruses (HPV) have developed several mechanisms that enable the cells they infect to elude both extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis. (mdpi.com)
  • An improved MTT assay[J]. J.immunol.methods, 1993, 157(1-2):203. (igem.org)
  • American journal of human genetics. (wustl.edu)
  • In humans, the C4orf51 protein contains one domain of unknown function, DUF4722. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cyclin-dependent kinase 2-associated protein 1 (CDK2AP1) interacts with CDK2AP2, modulates the actions of transforming growth factor-B1, cyclin-dependent kinase 2 and retinoblastoma protein, and closely interacts with micro-RNA21 and micro-RNA25. (cancerindex.org)
  • However, robust and large-scale genome-wide reprogramming of DNA methylome occurs during two critical developmental processes: (1) development of primordial germ cells and (2) pre-implantation embryogenesis. (nature.com)
  • Using a multi-analytical strategy, we report validated genome-wide relationships between genetic identity and human mate choice in 930 couples of European ancestry. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Fig. 2: Discovery of oldest known, 350 Myr sex-chromosome homomorphy in scallop. (nature.com)
  • Since the first discovery of DNA transposons in Maize by Barbara#McClintock in 1950 [ 1 ], transposons have been used extensively as genetic tools in invertebrates and in plants for transgenesis and insertional mutagenesis [ 2 - 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • By rapid amplification of 5'-cDNA ends, the transcription initiation sites were mapped 54~57 bp upstream of the ATG start codon. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Tdp2 was identified by Cortés-Ledesma and colleagues by a genetic screen using expression of a human cDNA library in yeast followed by selection for camptothecin resistance of a yeast strain lacking tdp1 and rad1 [12] . (prolekarniky.cz)
  • Attempts at replication of these genetic results in human studies, however, have reached conflicting conclusions. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The results are consistent with a significant but multifaceted role for genetic factors influencing mate selection in humans. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Diverse populations of microorganisms inhabit nearly every surface of the human body, and these complex assemblies of microbes reflect host-microbe and microbe-microbe interactions. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Overexpression of ZNF597 may contribute to some of the phenotypes associated with maternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 16 (UPD(16)mat), and some patients with UPD(16)mat presenting with Silver-Russell syndrome (SRS) phenotype have recently been reported. (bmj.com)
  • On the basis of these findings, we propose an evolutionary model for the long-term preservation of homomorphic sex chromosomes. (nature.com)
  • Fig. 6: Evolutionary model for homomorphy maintenance and heteromorphy transition of sex chromosome. (nature.com)
  • Collectively, these microorganisms constitute the human microbiome [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The population biology of the interaction between HIV-1 and HIV-2: coexistence or competitive exclusion. (forextrading-madeeasy.com)