Unprecedented x ray intensity x ray absorption spectroscopy. Medical search. Frequent questions

The European XFEL is constructed such that the electrons produce X-ray light in synchronisation, resulting in high-intensity X-ray pulses with the properties of laser light and at intensities much brighter than those produced by conventional synchrotron light sources. (wikipedia.org)
Here, we report on the structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of a polycrystalline sample of the LaCaCoIrO double-perovskite investigated by means of synchrotron x-ray powder diffraction, x-ray absorption spectroscopy, and x-ray magnetic circular dichroism at the Co and Ir edges, magnetometry, and electrical transport. (diamond.ac.uk)
The results demonstrate the possibility of unprecedented data quality beyond experimental limitations from new synchrotron sources. (lu.se)

Many other applications are emerging, for example ultrahigh sensitivity gas/vapour monitoring and absorption-based optical frequency references. (mrs.org)
SPICA will provide infrared spectroscopy with an unprecedented sensitivity of ~5 × 10 −20 W m −2 (5σ/1 h)-over two orders of magnitude improvement over what earlier missions. (cambridge.org)
Time-resolved, high-sensitivity, element-specific scattering and spectroscopy enabled by LCLS-II-HE will provide the first direct view of atomic-scale chemical dynamics at interfaces. (stanford.edu)
With the unprecedented regimes of sensitivity that will arrive with new and planned instruments, one can expect that further remarkable discoveries will be made. (nationalacademies.org)

Forward-scattering Fixed-Target (FFT): a solid samples chamber equipped with an electromagnet, optimized for transmission spectroscopies, small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), coherent diffraction imaging (CDI) and X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy (XPCS). (wikipedia.org)
X-ray diffraction (XRD) chamber for solid samples equipped with a six degrees of freedom in-vacuum diffractometer. (wikipedia.org)
They are typically used for diffraction, spectroscopy and imaging experiments with high spatial and energy resolutions. (iucr.org)

Our results indicate not only that FELs can produce attosecond pulses, but, due to the approach implemented for the waveform generation, such pulses are fully controllable and attain high peak intensities. (lu.se)
All XFEL facilities built until recently provided X-ray pulses at a relatively low repetition rate, with limited data statistics. (iucr.org)
The unique LCLS-II-HE capability for simultaneous delivery of hard and soft X-ray pulses opens the possibility to follow chemical dynamics (via spectroscopy) concurrent with structural dynamics (substrate scattering) during heterogeneous catalysis. (stanford.edu)

1]Among the abundant species of CDs, the Red‐CDs featuring long wavelength fluorescence emission raised tremendous research attention due to the outstanding properties of low water absorption, high penetration depth in aqueous solution and biological tissues, and low photon‐induced bio‐damages. (sagepub.com)

With these results, we demonstrate that the maturation of high-harmonic sources can now offer a tunable table-top source with unprecedented intensity, repetition rate and resolution. (ubc.ca)
Here, results from the first megahertz-repetition-rate X-ray scattering experiments at the Spectroscopy and Coherent Scattering (SCS) instrument of the European XFEL are presented. (iucr.org)

The rearrangement of the electrons due to an initial stimulus (for example the absorption of a sunlight photon) evolves on an extremely short timescale, typically only a few hundred attoseconds (1 attosecond =0.000 000 000 000 000 001 s). (lu.se)
The Adaptive Gain Integrating Pixel Detector (AGIPD), a megahertz frame-rate, high-dynamic range integrating pixel detector, was developed for photon science experiments at the European X-Ray Free Electron Laser (European XFEL) and tailored to its unique specifications. (cern.ch)

9.829 The European X-Ray Free-Electron Laser Facility (European XFEL) is an X-ray research laser facility commissioned during 2017. (wikipedia.org)
The peak brilliance of the European XFEL is billions of times higher than that of conventional X-ray light sources, while the average brilliance is 10,000 times higher. (wikipedia.org)
SCS is the soft X-rays spectroscopy and scattering instrument of the European XFEL. (wikipedia.org)

A free-electron laser generates high-intensity electromagnetic radiation by accelerating electrons to relativistic speeds and directing them through special magnetic structures. (wikipedia.org)
NMR results, supported by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electron microscopy, reveal that the actual composition of the deposited layer is an amorphous Al-O-F phase. (weizmann.ac.il)
The amorphous nature of the glass sample is responsible for a high dielectric loss, leading to efficient microwave absorption and consequently lower effective microwave power and an increase in sample temperature which leads to further reduction of the electron relaxation time. (weizmann.ac.il)
In the study of materials, angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) can uniquely access the electronic band structure, and the electron interactions encoded within. (ubc.ca)
Morphological changes of the bacterial cells were visualized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning transmission electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM EDS) analysis. (bvsalud.org)
Consequent absorption of electron energy would cause transition metal Kα and Kβ count rates to fall over time, yet the ratios of those count rates measured on different spectrometers would likely not be affected noticeably. (probesoftware.com)

LCLS-II-HE will image dynamics at the atomic scale via hard X-ray scattering and coherent diffractive imaging (CDI) to reveal the coupled behavior of electrons and atoms with unprecedented clarity. (stanford.edu)

Time-resolved magnetic X-ray scattering and holographic imaging experiments in solid state samples were chosen as representative, providing an ideal test-bed for operation at megahertz rates. (iucr.org)
The Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) mission has given us unprecedented access to high cadence particle and field data of magnetic reconnection at Earth's magnetopause. (princeton.edu)

Scattered sunlight Multi-AXis Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS) has been successfully applied to the quantitative determination of trace gas abundances in clean and polluted environments (e.g. to measure halogen oxides in polar regions, or SO2, NO2, CH2O, glyoxal, and HONO in urban air) In particular volcanic plumes have been analysed for SO2, BrO, and other species. (dmphotonics.com)

The highly efficient and accurate X-ray energy determination method using state-of-the-art quantum technology demonstrated in this research is expected to be applied to various research fields, such as non-destructive elemental analysis methods using muonic atoms [6] . (ipmu.jp)

Traditionally, X-ray crystallography was dominating the interaction of large facilities with life sciences. (infn.it)

The CHEM and XRD chambers can be couple with a high-resolution resonant inelastic X-ray scattering spectrometer to perform pump and probe RIXS experiments with a very high energy and temporal resolution. (wikipedia.org)

The result is spontaneous emission of X-ray photons which are coherent (in phase) like laser light, unlike X-rays emitted by ordinary sources like X-ray machines, which are incoherent. (wikipedia.org)
In this work, we demonstrate non-destructive, stroboscopic soft X-ray scattering and holography experiments at MHz repetition rates at the Spectroscopy and Coherent Scattering (SCS) beamline of the EuXFEL, exploiting the opportunities offered by the newly commissioned, custom-made two-dimensional detector able to match the EuXFEL MHz operation. (iucr.org)

The TES detector was originally developed for space X-ray observation. (ipmu.jp)
Takahashi's current project at Kavli IPMU has been to carry out unprecedented cross-disciplinary research using this detector. (ipmu.jp)
In 2006 the STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory began the development of the High Energy X-ray Imaging Technology (HEXITEC) detector system. (cern.ch)
It is shown that microlensing of the neutrinos by a star in-between the supernova (SN) and Earth can enhance the neutrino intensity at the position of one detector by more than an order of magnitude with respect to the other detectors. (activeboard.com)

Time-resolved hard X-ray spectroscopy with high fidelity, enabled by LCLS-II-HE, will reveal the fine details of functioning biological catalysts (enzymes) and inform the design of artificial catalysts and networks with targeted functionality. (stanford.edu)

Dr. Dmitry Svinkin, Research Scientist, Ioffe Institute Laboratory for Experimental Astrophysics Dr. Svinkin is the deputy principal investigator of Russian-US Konus-Wind experiment and the main researcher of the Interplanetary network (a collaboration of space-based instruments for gamma-ray burst observations). (mpg.de)

It seems that besides evidence from stellar spectroscopy and the measurement of astronomical distances, philosophical principles also played a major role in the building of this knowledge. (harmoniaphilosophica.com)

The results open new perspectives in attosecond science and technology as, for the first time, we can model and control the electric field of a pulse on this unprecedented timescale. (lu.se)

High Precision X-ray Measurements 2021 conference is the second edition of the HPXM2018 workshop, held at the INFN Laboratories of Frascati in 2018. (infn.it)
These NH 3 datasets include 16 years of total column measurements using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, 3 years of surface in situ measurements, and 10 years of total column measurements from the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI). (copernicus.org)
I made all measurements using the JEOL X-ray counter built into PC-EPMA. (probesoftware.com)

When optoelectronic materials with a high absorption coefficient absorb light, strong spatial charge density gradients develop on a nanometer scale at the surface. (laserlab-europe.eu)

We have been developing the Active Temperature, Ozone and Moisture Microwave Spectrometer (ATOMMS) RO system that probes the 22 and 183 GHz water vapor absorption lines to simultaneously profile temperature and water vapor from the lower troposphere to the mesopause. (copernicus.org)
Their approach, which was adapted from that of Short (1960, Review of Scientific Instruments 31:618-620) for XRD systems, relies on calculation of ratios of apparent count rates of two X-ray lines measured simultaneously on two spectrometers over a range of beam currents. (probesoftware.com)

or where current structural information is significantly compromised by damage from conventional X-ray methods ( e.g. redox effects in metalloproteins). (stanford.edu)

摘要： A full-field transmission hard X-ray microscope (TXM) with 30nm resolution was designed and its prototype was constructed. (las.ac.cn)
1 keV for hard X-ray energies (2 - 200 keV) using Cd(Zn)Te sensors. (cern.ch)

X-ray energies spanning the Se K-edge (12.6 keV) will further enable de novo phasing and anomalous scattering. (stanford.edu)

At the same time, new large-scale sky surveys from gamma-ray to radio-wave radiation require intelligent pipeline processing systems to turn raw data into useable information in a timely fashion. (aspbooks.org)
His main areas of research include multiwavelength observations of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), soft gamma-repeaters (SGRs), and solar flares. (mpg.de)
Recently he has been participating in electromagnetic counterpart searches of gravitational waves in collaboration with LIGO/Virgo gravitational wave observatory teams and searches for gamma-ray counterparts of fast optical transients in collaboration with the Zwicky Transient Facility (Palomar Observatory) and the MASTER robotic telescope network (MSU). (mpg.de)

The use of superconducting acceleration elements developed at DESY allows up to 27,000 repetitions per second, significantly more than other X-ray lasers in the U.S. and Japan can achieve. (wikipedia.org)

Major facilities on the horizon, such as the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope and the Square Kilometre Array, will create data at unprecedented rates, driving a need for scalable solutions to processing, analysis, and visualisation challenges for astronomical Big Data. (aspbooks.org)

Berkeley Lab scientists have applied x-ray absorption spectroscopy to study a model protein, triglycine - a short chain of three molecules of the simplest amino acid, glycine. (nersc.gov)

Our results are relevant and applicable to any other non-destructive XFEL experiments in the soft X-ray range. (iucr.org)

SPICA instruments offer spectral resolving power ranging from R ~50 through 11 000 in the 17-230 μm domain and R ~28.000 spectroscopy between 12 and 18 μm. (cambridge.org)
The combination of hard X-rays with high peak power and high average power will enable new nonlinear spectroscopies that promise important new insights into reactive chemical flows in complex chemical environments such as combustion. (stanford.edu)

Extension of ARPES into the time domain via pump-probe spectroscopy allows one to access the electronic structure on an ultrafast timescale: this is advantageous as the intertwined interactions in equilibrium become separated in the time domain. (ubc.ca)

The HEXITEC$_{MHz}$ system aims to deliver the same high resolution spectroscopy but at a continuous frame rate of 1 MHz. (cern.ch)

For nonlinear optics - a traditionally "difficult" field - such a scale of improvement is simply unprecedented. (mrs.org)
Integral field spectroscopy became a powerful and popular tool to trace ionized gas outflows across the host galaxies for luminous AGN. (aip.de)

I n the wake of the success of the 2018 edition, HPXM2021 is planned with the twofold aim to consolidate the existing interconnections between the research teams and foster creating new ones, offering the opportunity for all the participants to discuss and share the results of their activities focusing on a common protagonist: X-ray precision detection. (infn.it)
The introduction of large amounts of free carriers in the metallic or conductive state, while essential to conferring conductivity contrast for electronic applications, results in excessive loss increase due to free carrier absorption (FCA). (nature.com)

Here we present an in-depth investigation of a nominal AlF3 coating on LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 based on solid state NMR spectroscopy to determine the composition and function of the Al/F coating layer. (weizmann.ac.il)

Nanometre-scale materials and technologies have the potential to be fast, efficient and ef- fective in unprecedented ways, from metamaterials to specialist chips to lithographic processes. (laserlab-europe.eu)

The SQS instrument is developed to investigate fundamental processes of light-matter interaction in the soft X-ray wavelength radiation. (wikipedia.org)

I rarely exceed 10 kcps on either standard or unknown and always work within the range in which the measured X-ray count rate divided by the true rate is an essentially linear function of the measured rate. (probesoftware.com)

Recently, it has been shown that the interplay between different mechanisms underlying the formation of the superconducting condensate in the hole-doped bi-layer Bi₂Sr₂CaCu₂O₈₊δcan be addressed in the time domain by means of time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (TR-ARPES). (ubc.ca)
I aimed for at least 30000 apparent counts for any given X-ray line and current and adjusted the count time accordingly down to a minimum of 10 seconds. (probesoftware.com)

Two datasets must be collected, with the chosen X-ray lines measured alternately on each spectrometer. (probesoftware.com)

Before the arrival of HC-PCF, there was simply no practical way to do this at visible and near-infrared frequencies because no cladding material exists that has a refractive index less than unity (one has to move to other spectral regions for this to happen) and metals, which could perhaps be used to form a mirror around a hollow core, have extremely high absorption losses. (mrs.org)

Ray tracing simulations, graphite mosaic crystals and their applications will have a special focus. (infn.it)

Anatomy14

Organisms10

Diseases10

Chemicals and Drugs98

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment50

Phenomena and Processes62

Disciplines and Occupations9

Technology, Industry, Agriculture6

Information Science6

Named Groups1

Health Care19

Synchrotron3

Sensitivity4

Diffraction3

Pulses3

Aqueous solution1

Repetition rate2

Photon2

European XFEL3

Electron6

Electrons1

Magnetic2

Sunlight1

Atoms1

Crystallography1

RIXS1

Coherent2

Detector4

Reveal1

Astrophysics1

Measurement1

Pulse1

Measurements3

Spatial1

Simultaneously2

Conventional X-ray1

Hard X-r2

Energies1

Gamma-ray3

Lasers1

Rates1

Study1

Experiments1

Power2

Access1

High-resolution1

Field2

Results2

Solid1

Materials1

Processes1

Rate1

Time2

Lines1

Extremely1

Applications1