Understood cell division. Medical search. Frequent questions

Our research interests are to 1) uncover the fundamental principles that govern cell polarization and ACD and 2) elucidate the mechanisms underpinning the connections among cell polarization, ACD, and cell differentiation using the stomatal system as a model. (rutgers.edu)
The new, multi-year study will utilize Baylor Scott and White's Texas Immuno-Oncology Biorepository (TIOB)-which collects, catalogs and stores samples of biological material for cancer research-to analyze resistance mechanisms in cancer using multiomics tools including proteomics, single cell analysis, Ct-DNA, and microbiome analysis combined with bioinformatics and machine learning tools. (forbes.com)
It will also provide an introduction into how understanding basic cellular processes can be used to understand the mechanisms by which antibiotics specifically inhibit certain bacteria and permit the identification of new targets for the development of novel antibiotics. (ncl.ac.uk)
The objective being to give an overview of the methods used in the discovery of molecular mechanisms used by model bacteria and the application of this in understanding the basic processes involved in bacterial growth and development in terms of regulation and biological function. (ncl.ac.uk)
By mechanisms still barely understood by man, these basic cells are directed to become different from one another. (ewtn.com)
While the precise mechanisms leading to acute disease are still not fully understood, the cumulative damage of infection is now giving rise to a second pandemic of its long-term effects. (edu.au)
Depending on the cytokine profile, cell death or survival pathways are activated, and these opposing outcomes can lead to inflammation through different mechanisms. (edu.au)
Biochemists, sometimes called molecular biologists or cellular biologists , may study the molecular mechanisms by which cells feed, divide, and grow. (bls.gov)
The Mechanisms of Regulation of Cell Division Group (MRCDG) undertakes both basic and applied research in the field of cell division control. (brookes.ac.uk)
We are interested in the study of the underlying molecular mechanisms of higher organisms that ensure the proper segregation of the genetic material upon cell division. (brookes.ac.uk)
O'Donnell's laboratory studies these DNA metabolic mechanisms with the goal of understanding how the protein gears of DNA duplication act together with signal processes that function with repair and recombination factors to ensure genomic integrity. (rockefeller.edu)
consequently cells have evolved a variety of mechanisms to repair double-strand breaks (DSBs). (brandeis.edu)
Thus, developmental mosaicism and germline variants define two distinct mechanisms of genetic predisposition to multiple EGFR-mutant primary tumors, with implications for understanding their etiology and clinical management. (bvsalud.org)
The mechanisms of cancer cachexia are not well understood, but cachexia is correlated with elevated circulating GDF15. (medscape.com)
To do this, we must understand the mechanisms that make cancers adapt and become resilient to therapy. (lu.se)

The report notes that the gene, eed, when functioning normally in female mouse embryos, keeps the paternal X chromosome inactive and many of its genes shut down in early placental cells. (sciencedaily.com)
So understanding how genes are regulated in terms of their expression, how they are turned on and off, and if they are off how they are maintained in that 'off' state, becomes critical in the post-genome era of understanding gene function. (sciencedaily.com)
The team also reports details about the genes that became activated during the development of a PASE, and the signals that the cells in a PASE send to one another and to neighboring tissues. (newswise.com)
We've demonstrated that we don't have to manipulate the pluripotent genes to get to the ground state, but rather that we can block all other options of where the cell 'wants' to go. (sciencedaily.com)
There are about 20,000 genes in the human genome, but not all are used in all cells at all times. (rockefeller.edu)
At any given moment, a cell is converting only roughly half its genes into proteins. (rockefeller.edu)
One experiment can generate the expression of millions of cells and tens of thousands of genes (can be represented as a matrix with millions of rows/cells and tens of thousands of columns/genes). (unr.edu)
Adding to the challenge is the dropout events, in which many genes and cells cannot be measured due to the low amount of biological material available for the cells. (unr.edu)
First, we developed a novel non-negative kernel autoencoder (neural networks) to eliminate genes that do not play important roles in differentiating the cells. (unr.edu)
Found within Wharton's jelly - which is easily harvested from what would otherwise be post-natal medical waste - are several distinct stem cell genes. (articlecity.com)
So if you could understand how genes allow development to occur normally and abnormally, you would understand life and illness. (technologyreview.com)
While the observation that NHR-67 forms punctae associated with transcriptional repressors in non-invasive cells is intriguing, the work does not yet established a clear link between the formation and dissolution of NHR-67 condensates with the activation of downstream genes that NHR-67 is actively repressing. (elifesciences.org)
5 ) noted a frequency of 16 division cycle, -tubulin, and actin genes. (cdc.gov)
The model also predicts that reprogramming the network from a differentiated state, in particular the endoderm state, into a stem cell state, is best achieved by over-expressing Nanog, rather than by suppression of differentiation genes such as Gata-6. (lu.se)

In biology, I think understanding why stem cells begin specializing with some becoming liver cells and some becoming heart cells and some becoming brain cells. (livescience.com)
All cancers are marked by some form of DNA replication gone awry, so a basic understanding of DNA replication is of paramount importance to those designing cancer-fighting drugs," said lead author Yousif Shamoo, assistant professor of biochemistry and cell biology. (news-medical.net)
Geert Kops is Professor of Molecular Tumour Cell Biology at the Hubrecht Institute, and a specialist in eukaryotic cell division. (uu.nl)
Gumucio is the Engel Collegiate Professor of Cell & Developmental Biology at Michigan Medicine, U-M's academic medical center. (newswise.com)
This module provides an up to date understanding of how fundamental research in bacterial cell biology helps to elucidate central biological questions such as the control and regulation of cell division and of gene expression in bacteria. (ncl.ac.uk)
The lecture sequence will comprise of a module introduction followed by lectures on specific aspects of bacterial cell biology. (ncl.ac.uk)
Researchers use fetal tissue to understand cell biology and human development. (wonkette.com)
In addition to standardizing the assays we use to characterize iPSCs, an important aspect of this research is increasing the power of our work," says O'Shea, who heads the Michigan Pluripotent Stem Cell Core and is the Crosby-Kahn Collegiate Professor of cell and developmental biology as well as a professor of psychiatry. (umich.edu)
This course element will introduce you to the fundamental principles of medically related cell biology and molecular and clinical genetics. (le.ac.uk)
We integrate structural biology methods, including NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) spectroscopy and protein X-ray crystallography, to study the protein-protein interactions underpinning cell division regulation. (brookes.ac.uk)
To do so, they examined budding yeast--a model organism in cell biology because its chromosome replication and regulation are similar to that of humans. (nyu.edu)
At the core of the network reside Oct4, Sox2 and Nanog, into embryonic stem cells [1,2,3,4,5], have made major inroads which form a self-organized core of the TFs maintaining into stem cell biology. (lu.se)
To provide students with the opportunity to be exposed to the current state of understanding of the molecular biology of bacteria. (lu.se)
The students will gain an understanding of genetics concepts and molecular biology techniques by using them in the context of a research project. (lu.se)

Cell division in cells with a nucleus: microtubules (red) are pulling the chromosomes (blue) towards both sides of the nucleus. (uu.nl)
Although 'vegetative division' can have different meanings in difference contexts, in your link it seems to mean just mitotic (normal cell division) as distinct from meiotic divisions , which reduce the number of chromosomes by half to make germ cells. (physicsforums.com)
Mitotic chromosome condensation is a prerequisite for the accurate segregation of chromosomes during cell division, and the conserved condensin complex a central player of this process. (ens-lyon.fr)
However, how condensin binds chromatin and shapes mitotic chromosomes remain poorly understood. (ens-lyon.fr)
Most cells in an organism contain two sets of chromosomes, one inherited from the mother and the other from the father. (nyu.edu)

Here, we investigated this dichotomy in vivo by examining two cell types in the developing Caenorhabditis elegans somatic gonad that derive from equipotent progenitors, but exhibit distinct cell behaviors: the post-mitotic, invasive anchor cell and the neighboring proliferative, non-invasive ventral uterine (VU) cells. (elifesciences.org)
Recombination between homologous sequences is a fundamentally important process both in meiosis and in mitotic cells. (brandeis.edu)
To this end we have expressed the site-specific HO endonuclease in meiotic cells so that we can compare recombination events at the same loci where we have used HO to stimulate recombination in mitotic cells. (brandeis.edu)
Cyclin dependent-kinase 2 (CDK2) plays important functions during the mitotic cell cycle and also facilitates several key events during germ cell development. (lu.se)

In contrast to the prokaryotic bacterial cells, the eukaryotic cells of fungi, plants, and animals all have a nucleus that stores the DNA. (uu.nl)
The composition of the kinetochore in the last common ancestor (LECA) of all current eukaryotic cells exhibits the diverse origin of the protein. (uu.nl)
In this talk I will present results and ongoing work of two interdisciplinary collaborations where we investigate essential generic features of eukaryotic cells. (imperial.ac.uk)
Eukaryotic replisomes must deal with histones, which organize the DNA in eukaryotic cells. (rockefeller.edu)

In addition cells have evolved a damage-sensing checkpoint system whereby the cells delay entry into mitosis until the break has been repaired. (brandeis.edu)
An HPV-infected skin cell undergoes mitosis (i.e., divides in two) more often than an uninfected one, increasing the probability of malignant change-and to make matters worse, the virus keeps the host cell from dividing correctly. (minnesotamonthly.com)

To achieve these goals, we are addressing several major gaps in the field, including (i) how cell polarity is initiated and established, (ii) how cellular asymmetry is maintained, (iii) how asymmetric division plane orientation is directed by polarity, (iv) how cell division and differentiation potentials are balanced, and (v) how cell fate asymmetry is specified. (rutgers.edu)
The cells spontaneously developed some of the same structural and molecular features seen in a natural amniotic sac, which is an asymmetric, hollow ball-like structure containing cells that will give rise to a part of the placenta as well as the embryo itself. (newswise.com)
It is an asymmetric cell division that occurs rarely in some unicellular and acellular organisms. (physicsforums.com)
We will focus on candidate novel components involved in asymmetric cell division and polarity establishment, and on proteins with human homologs that are implicated in disease. (europa.eu)

In the next few years, we aim to g advance our mechanistic understanding of cell polarity, ACD, and cell differentiation by 1) delineating new pathways of endosomal trafficking that determine cell polarization and ACD and 2) establishing new functions of cell signaling in balancing self-renewal division and terminal cell fate differentiation during stomatal ACD. (rutgers.edu)
In the woman's breast, this process of cell differentiation is directed by hormones produced in the later stages of pregnancy. (ewtn.com)
and controlling the growth, division, and maturation (differentiation) of cells. (medlineplus.gov)
Stem cells are defined by their capacity for self-renewal and multilineage differentiation, making them uniquely situated to treat a broad spectrum of human diseases. (articlecity.com)

Despite the substantial progress in our understanding of COVID-19, which molecular decisions prevail, ultimately causing severe inflammation and death, remain poorly understood. (edu.au)

We have reconstructed with unprecedented spatiotemporal resolution the molecular networks that regulate cell polarity using an interdisciplinary strategy - combining genetics, microscopy and computational approaches - and focusing on the polarity machinery of the archetypal model organism Schizosaccharomyces pombe (fission yeast). (imperial.ac.uk)
The interpretation of the content of a research paper is to assess the student's knowledge of the subject and their analytical skills and capacity to evaluate experimental data and to understand how bacteria underpin research in molecular microbiology. (ncl.ac.uk)
This course element will cover the medically and clinically related fundamental principles of cellular and molecular physiology that form the basis for the understanding of pharmacology (use of drugs to treat human disease). (le.ac.uk)
We are interested in understanding at the molecular level how recombination occurs and what roles are played by the many proteins involved in DNA recombination, repair and replication. (brandeis.edu)
Using synchronized cells undergoing recombination that is initiated at a specific site on a chromosome by an inducible endonuclease, we use physical monitoring techniques (Southern blots, PCR analysis) to follow the sequence of molecular events that occur in real time. (brandeis.edu)
The Division of Molecular Hematology (DMH) aims to generate new knowledge about the regulation of blood cell development by applying recent advances in stem cell technology, in order to dissect the molecular regulation of hematopoiesis. (lu.se)

Cancer is a disease characterised by the uncontrolled division of abnormal cells. (asianage.com)
Others are used to treat cancer by killing cells as they divide or preventing them from multiplying. (kidshealth.org)
It could aid drug makers in designing targeted therapies that block cancer cells from multiplying. (news-medical.net)
If drug makers can replicate p21's strategy in targeted cancer-fighting compounds, they could attack cancer cells' ability to reproduce at the most basic level. (news-medical.net)
All cells - including those in our body - possess some degree of asymmetry or 'polarity', which is key to their healthy function and if disrupted can lead to serious cellular malfunctions like those found in cancer. (imperial.ac.uk)
Last November, Harel presented at the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer's (SITC) 37th Annual Meeting a novel predictive model for clinical benefit of immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients that outperforms PD-L1-based predictive models. (forbes.com)
Since scientists have begun sequencing the genome of cancer cells, they have noticed a curious pattern. (rockefeller.edu)
Instead of protecting the breast from cancer, abortion leaves millions of breast cells suspended in transitional states. (ewtn.com)
This period of rapid growth towards maturity is when breast cells arc most likely to be affected by certain cancer causing agents, or "carcinogens. (ewtn.com)
A new study shows that about two-thirds of cancer cases are caused by random mutations when the cells divide. (utahpeoplespost.com)
If these random mistakes are plenty the risk of developing cancer greatly increases since cells can grow out of control and become cancerous cells. (utahpeoplespost.com)
Scientists now hope their study that bad luck in cell division is linked to cancer would allow people reassess their risk for cancer and boost further cancer research. (utahpeoplespost.com)
Cristian Tomasetti, professor of Oncology at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, said that since two-thirds of the cancer cases have random causes such as a mutation in cell division, changing lifestyle and habits would effectively prevent the development of some types of cancer, but it would have absolutely no effect on the prevention of certain other types of cancer. (utahpeoplespost.com)
In the study, scientists analyzed 31 types of tissues that underwent mutant cell division and compared to the risk of developing cancer in those tissues in a lifetime of an average person. (utahpeoplespost.com)
Breast and prostate cancer weren't studied because the rate of cell division in those areas remains unknown. (utahpeoplespost.com)
Twenty-two types of cancer were linked to random cell mutations, or "bad luck," while 9 types of cancer were associated with a combination of bad luck factor environmental factors and genetics. (utahpeoplespost.com)
The new study revealed that the areas of the human body that had a higher cell division rate had also an increased cancer risk. (utahpeoplespost.com)
For instance, the human colon has four times more cell division than the small intestine, thus colon cancer is much more frequent than small intestine cancer. (utahpeoplespost.com)
This is the basis for understanding how drugs work, how certain diseases (such as cancer) develop and how tissues and organs function. (le.ac.uk)
We are equally interested in the identification and validation of novel therapeutic targets to interfere with aberrant cell division in cancer cells. (brookes.ac.uk)
The potential uses for them are vast: from basic research leading to a better understanding of the source of birth defects and cancer to potential treatments for common conditions like arthritis, diabetes, and heart disease to treatments for rarer but severe conditions like spinal cord and brain injuries. (articlecity.com)
Since the initial discovery of the self-renewing properties of stem cells in the early 1960s - pioneered by a small team of researchers at the Ontario Cancer Institute [3] - the understanding of the power and diversity of stem cells has increased rapidly. (articlecity.com)
In this condition, cancer cells form in the lymph tissue in the brain or spinal cord. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Secondary CNS lymphoma can also happen if cancer cells from other parts of the body spread to the brain or spinal cord. (medicalnewstoday.com)
When the process of cell division goes out of control it becomes the process of cancer, and when the process of cellular organization goes awry you end up with birth defects. (technologyreview.com)
Big trouble sometimes follows, since DNA replication is a prerequisite not only for normal growth, but also for cancer, which, simply put, is a state of unregulated cell division. (minnesotamonthly.com)
We identified ten patients with early-stage, resectable non-small cell lung cancer who presented with multiple anatomically distinct EGFR-mutant tumors. (bvsalud.org)
We make genetic and functional maps of cancer cell evolution in patients by analysing multiple tumour samples from the same patient. (lu.se)
One main cause of cancer death is the emergence of treatment resistance through clonal evolution of cancer cells. (lu.se)
Execution Analyses to identify evolutionary first principles that make cancer cells grow, spread, and survive microenvironmental challenges. (lu.se)

The structure of PCNA containing the trump key, the PIP-box from a cell regulatory protein called p21, was solved by researchers at the Rockefeller University. (news-medical.net)
This could explain the overwhelming success of all cells with a cell nucleus, according to researchers at Utrecht University and the Hubrecht Institute. (uu.nl)
A study authored by UNC researchers and published in the August issue of "Nature Genetics" furthers the understanding of a fundamental biological process in mammals and contributes important new knowledge to gene regulation in the developing embryo. (sciencedaily.com)
To help bridge this gap, researchers led by Ken Chen, Ph.D. , developed a more sensitive computational tool, called Monopogen, that accurately detects SNVs from single-cell sequencing data. (mdanderson.org)
MLL1 plays a key role in the uncontrolled explosion of white blood cells that's the hallmark of leukemia, which is why U-M researchers originally developed MM-401 to interfere with it. (sciencedaily.com)
With the recent advance of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology, researchers are able to use donated cells, such as skin cells, from a patient and convert them first into stem cells, then into any other cell type, such as neurons. (umich.edu)
First the researchers must figure out, at the cellular level, what features characterize a given illness in a given brain cell type. (umich.edu)
With the results of their efforts to solve this problem recently published in Nature Communications , " Fast and precise single-cell data analysis using a hierarchical autoencoder ," Nguyen's team is now looking to serve fellow researchers by using the tool to support their analysis of large quantities of cell data. (unr.edu)
Now, advanced technology is enabling researchers to take their understanding of this process to the next level. (rockefeller.edu)
Researchers at NYU and the Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research have identified the mechanism that plays "traffic cop" in meiosis-the process of cell division required in reproduction. (nyu.edu)

In many different types of cancers, there are cells in which a part of a chromosome looks like it has been pulverized, then put back together incorrectly, leading to multiple mutations. (rockefeller.edu)
Mutations in p53, found in most cancers, lead to uncontrollable cell division. (medscape.com)

Cellular studies show the replisome is intimately involved with the inheritance of epigenetic information and cell fate, and the O'Donnell lab is working to understand the mechanistic details of these processes. (rockefeller.edu)
Conclusions: The computational model provides a mechanistic understanding of how different lineages arise from the dynamics of the underlying regulatory network. (lu.se)

For example, because hematopoietic stem cells can reconstitute the entire blood system, bone marrow transplantation has long been used in the clinic to treat various diseases. (articlecity.com)

One half is made of cells that will become amniotic ectoderm, the other half consists of pluripotent epiblast cells that in nature make up the embryonic disc. (newswise.com)
In a surprising new finding, scientists have shown that mouse stem cells treated with the drug reverted to an 'embryonic' state. (sciencedaily.com)
Writing in the journal Cell Stem Cell , the team reports that more than half of mouse epiblast stem cells treated with the drug reversed course within three days, and regained an embryonic "be anything" state, also called pluripotency. (sciencedaily.com)
Currently, embryos left over from infertility treatments are the only source of human embryonic stem cells. (sciencedaily.com)
Embryonic stem cells, which must be extracted from embryos three to five days old (known as blastocysts, which contain only about 150 cells at this point of development). (articlecity.com)
Adult stem cells, which are present in small amounts in adult tissue but less adaptable than embryonic stem cells, making their use in medical treatments more challenging. (articlecity.com)
They have many of the positive characteristics of embryonic stem cells while sourcing material is far less challenging, since postpartum tissue can be used. (articlecity.com)
Background: Recent studies have associated the transcription factors, Oct4, Sox2 and Nanog as parts of a self-regulating network which is responsible for maintaining embryonic stem cell properties: self renewal and pluripotency. (lu.se)

The protein complex that the cells of animals, plants, and fungi use to control cell division was created long ago from at least 40 different proteins. (uu.nl)
Biophysicists may conduct basic research to learn how nerve cells communicate or how proteins work. (bls.gov)
Ubiquitin ligases refers to a family of proteins that are widely distributed in animals and plants and act as key regulators of cell metabolism and cell signaling. (brookes.ac.uk)
By screening for proteins that colocalize with NHR-67 punctae, we identified new regulators of uterine cell fate maintenance: homologs of the transcriptional co-repressor Groucho (UNC-37 and LSY-22), as well as the TCF/LEF homolog POP-1. (elifesciences.org)
To facilitate this, HPV and its viral ilk come equipped with proteins that force host cells to keep their DNA in an active phase. (minnesotamonthly.com)

While single-cell sequencing provides valuable insights into cellular differences within diverse tissue samples, current tools are only able to detect a small amount of SNVs, limiting information on genetic ancestry. (mdanderson.org)
Induced pluripotent stem cells, which harness the power of genetic reprogramming - basically, the altering of a cell's DNA - to change the course of cellular development. (articlecity.com)
A growing body of evidence suggests that cell division and basement membrane invasion are mutually exclusive cellular behaviors. (elifesciences.org)
We propose a model in which association of NHR-67 with the Groucho/TCF complex suppresses the default invasive state in non-invasive cells, which complements transcriptional regulation to add robustness to the proliferative-invasive cellular switch in vivo . (elifesciences.org)
A growing body of evidence suggests that cell cycle progression and invasion through a basement membrane are mutually exclusive cellular behaviors in both development and disease states (reviewed in Kohrman and Matus, 2017 ). (elifesciences.org)
During development of the hermaphroditic reproductive system, the proximal granddaughters of the Z1 and Z4 somatic gonad progenitors, Z1.pp and Z4.aa, give rise to four cells that will adopt one of two cellular fates: a proliferative ventral uterine (VU) cell or the terminally differentiated, invasive anchor cell (AC) ( Figure 1A ) ( Kimble and Hirsh, 1979 ). (elifesciences.org)

We determined the detailed network topology and the functional hierarchy among polarity regulators in this species and incorporated these results into a mathematical model that captures the polarity pattern changes throughout the cell cycle of fission yeast cells. (imperial.ac.uk)

New research at Rice University is allowing biochemists to understand a key hierarchy of protein interactions that occurs in DNA replication, showing for the first time how a key protein "trumps" its rivals and shuts down cell division while DNA repairs take place. (news-medical.net)
His lab studies how the replisome interacts with DNA repair and cell cycle checkpoint machinery, how initiation of replication is directed by nucleosomes, and how replication forks perform nucleosome inheritance, the process by which nucleosomes (the fundamental structural unit of chromosomal DNA) are passed down from parental to daughter DNA during replication. (rockefeller.edu)
The team employs strategies such as super resolution microscopy to observe individual replisomes in real time during DNA replication in living cells, and cryo-electron microscopy of DNA-replisome and other replisome-associated complexes. (rockefeller.edu)

During cell division, both chromatids - the two copies of a chromosome - contain a protein complex that resembles a fairground grappling hook. (uu.nl)
Eighty-nine of these phosphoproteins were only detected in shortening flagella, whereas 29 were solely in flagella of steady growing cells, indicating dramatic changes of protein phosphorylation during flagellar shortening. (nih.gov)
The role of the SMARCE1 protein within the SWI/SNF complex is not completely understood. (medlineplus.gov)
In the nuclei of VU cells, residual NHR-67 protein is compartmentalized into discrete punctae that are dynamic over the cell cycle and exhibit liquid-like properties. (elifesciences.org)

Biologists can use this trajectory to investigate the mechanism of how cells can develop to different cell types. (unr.edu)
The work will be of interest to developmental biologists studying transcriptional control of cell fate specification in animals, especially once issues around the functional significance of the NHR-67 contiaining punctae are resolved. (elifesciences.org)

A role for BAF57 in cell cycle-dependent transcriptional regulation by the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex. (medlineplus.gov)
We have shown that this regulation involves the action of a small Recombination Enhancer (RE) sequence that enables a donor on the left chromosome arm to recombine preferentially in MATa cells. (brandeis.edu)

The signaling pathways that regulate cilia disassembly are not well-understood. (nih.gov)
Here, we utilise our pre-clinical models to conduct a detailed gene-targeted investigation to understand and systematically dissect the pathways underlying SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis. (edu.au)
Several Fe carbene photosensitisers were in this thesis investigated by spectroscopic and computational methods, to understand their deactivation pathways. (lu.se)

established an understanding of the principles underlying the genetics of bacteria. (lu.se)

They describe how a PASE develops as a hollow spherical structure with two distinct halves that remain stable even as cells divide. (newswise.com)
Today, it has become a distinct source of stem cells and, therefore, a critical element in advancing medical treatments for everything from hair loss, the treatment of wounds, and surgical procedures. (articlecity.com)
Down through the centuries, the presence of warts in the nether regions was thought to be an alternate expression of syphilis or gonorrhea-until the mid-1800s, when they were understood to have a distinct identity. (minnesotamonthly.com)

The majority of CDK2's known meiotic functions occur during prophase of the first meiotic division. (lu.se)

Severe long-standing clubbing is characterized by interstitial edema and infiltration by plasma cells and lymphocytes. (medscape.com)
CNS lymphoma begins in immune cells called lymphocytes and weakens the body's defenses against pathogens. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma develops in white blood cells called lymphocytes. (medicalnewstoday.com)
In about 95% of cases, CNS lymphoma affects the B lymphocytes, which are cells that make antibodies. (medicalnewstoday.com)
HIV infection is characterized by a decrease and, eventually, a depletion of CD4+ T lymphocytes (helper T cells). (cdc.gov)
Using immunophenotyping, HIV-positive blood samples and age-matched controls were tested for the proportion of lymphocytes that are T cells, B cells, natural killer (NK) cells, CD4+ T cells, and CD8+ T cells (suppressor/inducer T cells). (cdc.gov)

During the course of folliculogenesis, growth is achieved by cell proliferation and formation of follicular fluid, whereas development involves cytodifferentiation of all the cells and tissues in the follicle. (glowm.com)

These cells help fight infection by activating other cells, destroying germs, or slowing the growth of dangerous invasive pathogens. (medicalnewstoday.com)
of fungi in the genus Fonsecaea that had been identifi ed Infection proceeds with muriform cells in tissue provoking down to species level, we applied amplifi ed fragment- a granulomatous immune response. (cdc.gov)
Species were identifi ed on the basis of source of infection by entities emerging on the human internal transcribed spacer (ITS), partial cell division cycle host is essential for understanding the evolution of ( CDC42 ), -tubulin ( BT2 ), and ACT sequences ( 10-14 ). (cdc.gov)
The primary side effects appear to be nausea and vomiting and depression of WBC [white blood cell] and platelet counts that can predispose patients to infection or bleeding. (medscape.com)

Studies in animals and human tissue cultures indicate that cells in this state face exceptionally high risks of becoming cancerous. (ewtn.com)
All of this might lead you to think that HPV is doing everything it can to cause skin cells to become cancerous. (minnesotamonthly.com)
Cancerous cells don't produce viral offspring-they're too busy with their own replicative obsession. (minnesotamonthly.com)

That's the division of new cells into three cell layers -- endoderm, mesoderm and ectoderm -- that are essential to give rise to all organs and tissues in the body. (newswise.com)
Stem cells work throughout our lives as a sort of handyman, repairing damaged tissues and renewing some normal ones, like the skin we shed. (rockefeller.edu)
However, the specific distribution of these isoforms in the body's tissues is not well understood. (medlineplus.gov)
This is particularly important in constructing cell atlas for tissues in different organisms. (unr.edu)
Similarly, the transplantation of other tissue-specific stem cells, such as stem cells isolated from epithelial and neural tissues, can treat mouse disease models and human patients in which epithelial and neural cells are damaged. (articlecity.com)

If bacteria use a similar hierarchy to access to their PCNA, it might be possible to design an antibiotic that plays the bacterial trump card without affecting human cells at all. (news-medical.net)

It's the first time that scientists have shown they can get stem cells to revert to their original state by erasing specific labels called epigenetic markers. (sciencedaily.com)

A team from the University of Michigan reports in Nature Communications that they have coaxed pluripotent human stem cells to grow on a specially engineered surface into structures that resemble an early aspect of human development called the amniotic sac. (newswise.com)
But it also plays a much more mundane role in regular cell development, and the formation of blood cells and the cells that form the spinal cord in later-stage embryos. (sciencedaily.com)
The resulting combined network will be used to gain a better understanding of multicellular development. (europa.eu)
U-M stem cell biologist Sue O'Shea, Ph.D. , has led iPSC work for nearly a decade, and led the development of the first bipolar-specific stem cell lines in 2011 . (umich.edu)
By coaxing iPSCs to become four different types of brain cells, the teams will be able to see which types are most affected by specific genetic differences and when those effects may occur during development. (umich.edu)
Biochemists and biophysicists study the chemical and physical principles of living things and of biological processes, such as cell development, growth, heredity, and disease. (bls.gov)
We will arrange cells in an order that presents the development process of the cells over time (time-trajectory). (unr.edu)
If you think about early development, you're really talking about two processes: one cell becoming many (cell division), and how those cells organize themselves in three-dimensional space to make such an incredibly complex thing as a hand, a face, a brain, a pancreas. (technologyreview.com)
but how these cell states are regulated in the context of development is not well understood. (elifesciences.org)
Our clonal growth model was developed to simulate the appearance and development of initiated GST-P cells in the liver over time. (cdc.gov)
Dysfunctional blood cell development can have fatal consequences on human health, with implications for several key areas of modern medicine, including amongst others the broad research areas of oncology and immunology. (lu.se)
Cindy Hinton is a health scientist in the disability and health branch in the division of human development and disability at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (cdc.gov)
I will be co-presenting with my colleagues Dr. Cindy Hinton and Dr. Robyn Cree both from the division of human development and disability. (cdc.gov)

Now, they're working to see if the MM-401 eraser technique works with human stem cells that bear some resemblance to mouse epiblast stem cells. (sciencedaily.com)
Past attempts by other teams to restore pluripotency to mouse cells from the epiblast stem cell state have yielded far lower amounts, or non-viable cells. (sciencedaily.com)

Hopkins is fervent about the fish because she believes that they will repay her with something of immeasurable value: a fundamental understanding of life and disease. (technologyreview.com)

Citation: Chickarmane V, Peterson C (2008) A Computational Model for Understanding Stem Cell, Trophectoderm and Endoderm Lineage Determination. (lu.se)
A computational model of master regulators that are required for successful reprogramming the dynamics of this core network has revealed that it functions as of a differentiated cell into a cell exhibiting stem cell like a bistable switch, which in the on state, corresponds to all these properties. (lu.se)

They are able to differentiate into any cell of an organism and have the ability of self-renewal. (articlecity.com)

His recent work centers around humans and budding yeast, and understanding the dynamic behavior of the eukaryotic replisome components. (rockefeller.edu)

Thus cells in different regions of the biofilm will likely exhibit differences in their metabolic behavior 7 . (nature.com)
We show that the fates of these cells post-specification are more plastic than previously appreciated and that levels of NHR-67 are important for discriminating between invasive and proliferative behavior. (elifesciences.org)
Assess the performance of your setup to understand its features and behavior. (lu.se)

Biotechnologies has advanced to a degree where scientists can measure the gene expression of individual cells in our body. (unr.edu)

Despite the importance of this critical stage, scientists haven't had a good way to explore what can go wrong, or even what must go right, after the newly formed ball of cells implants in the wall of the human uterus. (newswise.com)
Scientists have come to understand much about how stem cells function when we are adults, but less is known about where these stem cells come from to begin w. (rockefeller.edu)
Scientists have come to understand much about this internal time-keeping system, but one important aspect, its complex r. (rockefeller.edu)
These systems will be based on stem cells specific to those mental illnesses, including ones first developed five years ago by U-M scientists funded by the Heinz C. Prechter Bipolar Research Fund. (umich.edu)
And though schizophrenia is a devastating disease that affects about 3 million Americans and many more worldwide, scientists still know very little about its underlying causes - which cells in the brain are affected and how - and existing treatments target symptoms only. (umich.edu)
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Assistant Professor Tin Nguyen and his lab have developed software to help life scientists efficiently analyze single-cell data using machine learning. (unr.edu)
Named scDHA (single-cell Decomposition using Hierarchical Autoencoder), the tool uses machine learning to address a key problem life scientists run into during their research: too much data to process. (unr.edu)
The data is transformed from high dimensional space into a 2D landscape, which is often called Transcriptome Landscape, so life scientists can observe the landscape of the cells, and the relative distance between them. (unr.edu)
Scientists do not fully understand why some types of lymphoma enter the CNS or why some people develop lymphoma. (medicalnewstoday.com)

Finally, we developed four different techniques to: (1) visualize the transcriptome landscape of millions of cells, (2) group them into different cell types, (3) infer the developmental stages of each cell, and (4) build a classifier to accurately classify the cell of new data. (unr.edu)
The goal of this is to infer the developmental trajectory of the cells in the experiment. (unr.edu)
In four other patients, developmental mosaicism is supported by the poly-G lineage tracing and WES, indicating a common non-germline cell-of-origin. (bvsalud.org)

Such cell size control is inevitable to maintain cell size homeostasis from generation to generation. (imperial.ac.uk)
Thus, interior cells control the growth of the peripheral cells by monopolizing ammonia supply. (nature.com)
Specialized hypothalamic neurons secrete pulses of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) into the portal blood vessels, which acts on the gonadotrophs to cause a pulsatile release of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), which act on ovarian follicle cells to control folliculogenesis. (glowm.com)
Lymphoma develops when immune system cells divide out of control. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Macromolecular synthesis (chromosome structure, cell division and its control). (lu.se)

it will still be a single cell, but it will take up the space of two cells in a row horizontally. (css-tricks.com)
Most people know that all living creatures begin as a single cell, which divides and reproduces. (ewtn.com)
This technology is called single-cell sequencing. (unr.edu)
How does the tool-scDHA (single-cell Decomposition using Hierarchical Autoencoder)-work? (unr.edu)
We have a very sharp focus, and it's very big but very simple, very clear: We just want to understand how you start with a single cell and make an animal, that's all. (technologyreview.com)
Single-cell transcriptomes from human atria documented inflammatory monocyte and SPP1+ macrophage expansion in atrial fibrillation. (bvsalud.org)
Single-cell transcriptomes from HOMER mouse atria recapitulated cell composition and transcriptome changes observed in patients. (bvsalud.org)

They showed that once the cells attached themselves to this substrate, they began to differentiate into hollow cysts composed entirely of amnion - a tough extraembryonic tissue that holds the amniotic fluid. (newswise.com)
Before a woman first conceives, her breasts consist mostly of connective tissue surrounding a branching network of ducts, with relatively few milk producing cells. (ewtn.com)
Vaccines for hepatitis A, German measles, chickenpox and rabies, for example, were developed using cell lines grown from tissue from two elective abortions, one in England and one in Sweden, that were performed in the 1960s. (wonkette.com)
With this raw material, biomedical firms can create stem cell lines that, among other things, aid recuperation via the regeneration of tissue that has been lost or damaged. (articlecity.com)
Current research is focused on growing a wide range of new tissue from stem cells, including muscle, blood, brain, and cartilage cells. (articlecity.com)

Fetal cells are considered ideal because they divide rapidly, adapt to new environments easily and are less susceptible to rejection than adult cells when transplanted. (wonkette.com)

A change in body function or cell structure that results in an abnormal or harmful effect, which might lead to disease or health problems. (cdc.gov)

From the link, it seems the cells just get smaller because they are dividing rapidly instead of growing 2x in size before dividing again. (physicsforums.com)
Cells in the interior, on the other hand, depend on the leftover glutamate that diffuses inwards in the biofilm, but do not lose gaseous molecules as rapidly as the peripheral cells. (nature.com)

These are produced through a specialized form of cell division-meiosis. (nyu.edu)

Their findings shed new light on fertility and may lead to greater understanding of the factors that lead to birth defects. (nyu.edu)

We need to incorporate varying ion concentrations and simulate conditions reminiscent of intracellular environments to understand the interplay of chemical reactions inside a cell. (lu.se)

Cell 178, 600-611 (2019). (rockefeller.edu)

In addition to generating pluripotent stem cells, the team showed that mice bred using the cells grew up healthy. (sciencedaily.com)
But they could still function as healthy pluripotent stem cells. (sciencedaily.com)

The lab is applying biochemical approaches along with techniques such as single-molecule technology, super resolution microscopy and cryo-EM single-particle reconstruction to understand how the replisome functions with other factors. (rockefeller.edu)

As these newly formed cells mature, they rise to the skin's surface, where they finish their brief tour of duty as part of the human shield. (minnesotamonthly.com)

For instance, in simple organisms such as yeast, when genetic material becomes damaged, the affected DNA strands increase their motion, waving about inside the cell like a sail unfurled. (rockefeller.edu)

Cilia are disassembled prior to cell division, which is proposed to regulate proper cell cycle progression. (nih.gov)

If a healthy cell does make a genetic flub while dividing, there are several processes by which the newly minted mutant can be aborted or kept from further dividing. (minnesotamonthly.com)

You might think that a fungus more closely resembles bacteria than it does us", says Geert Kops, cell biologist at the Hubrecht Institute. (uu.nl)

But a new achievement using human stem cells may help change that. (newswise.com)

Gumucio likens a PASE to a mismatched plastic Easter egg or a blue-and-red Pokémon ball - with two clearly divided halves of two kinds of cells that maintain a stable form around a hollow center. (newswise.com)
If you want to harness the full power of stem cells, all you might need is an eraser -- in the form of a drug that can erase the tiny labels that tell cells where to start reading their DNA. (sciencedaily.com)
divides to form two separate cells. (medlineplus.gov)

Infections with certain viruses, such as the Epstein-Barr virus , herpes simplex virus, and human T-cell lymphotropic virus, may increase the risk of lymphoma by changing the immune system. (medicalnewstoday.com)

Being at the forefront of their disciplines, our faculty shape the understanding of an enormous range of academic fields. (nyu.edu)

Anatomy52

Organisms26

Diseases2

Chemicals and Drugs78

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment24

Phenomena and Processes84

Disciplines and Occupations1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture3

Information Science6

Health Care1

Mechanisms15

Genes14

Biology14

Chromosomes5

Mitotic4

Eukaryotic cells4

Mitosis2

Asymmetric4

Differentiation4

Remain poorly understood1

Molecular6

Cancer30

Researchers10

Cancers2

Mechanistic2

Hematopoietic stem1

Embryonic8

Proteins5

Cellular6

Polarity1

Replication3

Protein4

Biologists2

Regulation2

Pathways3

Genetics1

Distinct3

Meiotic1

Lymphocytes6

Proliferation1

Infection4

Cancerous3

Tissues5

Bacterial1

Epigenetic1

Development13

Epiblast2

Fundamental1

Computational2

Organism1

Budding yeast1

Behavior3

Gene Expression1

Scientists9

Developmental3

Control5

Single-cell7

Tissue5

Adapt1

Abnormal1

Rapidly2

Meiosis1

Birth defects1

Intracellular1

20191

Pluripotent2

Biochemical1

Newly formed1

Genetic material1

Regulate1

Processes1

Biologist1

Human stem cells1

Form3

Immune system1

Faculty1