- Pregnancy
- The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to obstetrics: Obstetrics - medical specialty dealing with the care of all women's reproductive tracts and their children during pregnancy (prenatal period), childbirth and the postnatal period. (wikipedia.org)
- Vagina Human fertilization Assisted reproductive technology Artificial insemination Fertility medication In vitro fertilisation Fertility awareness Unintended pregnancy Pregnancy test 3D ultrasound Home testing Obstetric ultrasonography Prenatal diagnosis Prenatal development Fundal height Gestational age Human embryogenesis Maternal physiological changes Prenatal care - regular medical and nursing care recommended for women during pregnancy. (wikipedia.org)
- Prenatal nutrition Maternal nutrition Nutrition and pregnancy Concomitant conditions Diabetes mellitus and pregnancy Systemic lupus erythematosus and pregnancy Amniocentesis Chorionic villus sampling Cardiotocography Nonstress test Childbirth Adaptation to extrauterine life Bradley method of natural childbirth Hypnobirthing Lamaze technique Nesting instinct Doula Midwife Mother - a woman who has raised a child, given birth to a child, and/or supplied the ovum that united with a sperm which grew into a child. (wikipedia.org)
- Obstetric ultrasonography is the use of medical ultrasonography in pregnancy, in which sound waves are used to create real-time visual images of the developing embryo or fetus in its mother's uterus (womb). (wikipedia.org)
- The procedure is a standard part of prenatal care in many countries, as it can provide a variety of information about the health of the mother, the timing and progress of the pregnancy, and the health and development of the embryo or fetus. (wikipedia.org)
- Prenatal testing consists of prenatal screening and prenatal diagnosis, which are aspects of prenatal care that focus on detecting problems with the pregnancy as early as possible. (wikipedia.org)
- ultrasound
- Here, you will find the full spectrum of prenatal sonography tools and insights, from using ultrasound and MRI to diagnose the fetal face, eye, and brain, to the neurobehavioral development of the fetal brain. (indigo.ca)
- RESULTS: During the 5-year period, 5,731 fetal abnormalities were diagnosed from more than 27,000 targeted prenatal ultrasound examinations. (biomedsearch.com)
- Amongst 12,362 cases in studies that recruited cases from all prenatal ascertainment groups, 295/12,362 (2.4%) overall were reported to have copy number changes with associated clinical significance (pCNC), 201/3090 (6.5%) when ascertained with an abnormal ultrasound, 50/5108 (1.0%) when ascertained because of increased maternal age and 44/4164 (1.1%) for all other ascertainment groups (e.g. parental anxiety and abnormal serum screening result). (biomedsearch.com)
- When additional prenatal microarray studies are included in which ascertainment was restricted to fetuses with abnormal ultrasound scans, 262/3730 (7.0%) were reported to have pCNCs. (biomedsearch.com)
- The earliest point at which a CPAM can be detected is by prenatal ultrasound. (wikipedia.org)
- An accurate, confirmed diagnosis is generally impossible until after birth, though prenatal diagnosis using fetal ultrasonography (ultrasound) can identify characteristic physical abnormalities that exist. (wikipedia.org)
- Modern 3D ultrasound images provide greater detail for prenatal diagnosis than the older 2D ultrasound technology. (wikipedia.org)
- While 3D is popular with parents desiring a prenatal photograph as a keepsake, both 2D and 3D are discouraged by the FDA for non-medical use, but there are no definitive studies linking ultrasound to any adverse medical effects. (wikipedia.org)
- Methods include amniocentesis with karyotyping, and prenatal ultrasound. (wikipedia.org)
- diagnosis
- Additionally, early prenatal diagnosis with genetic analysis of PRKD1 in cases of suspected ARPKD can be helpful. (biomedsearch.com)
- Prenatal echocardiographic diagnosis of heart defects is important because it permits counseling of the parents with regard to prognosis and treatment options and prepares the medical team for the treatment postnatally. (biomedsearch.com)
- Despite the potential benefits of prenatal diagnosis, it is hard to show significant improvement in mortality, especially in severely affected cases. (biomedsearch.com)
- OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the appropriateness of fetal karyotyping after prenatal sonographic diagnosis of isolated unilateral or bilateral clubfoot. (biomedsearch.com)
- CONCLUSION: After prenatal diagnosis of isolated unilateral or bilateral clubfoot, there appeared to be no indication to offer karyotyping, provided that a detailed sonographic fetal anatomy survey was normal and there were no additional indications for invasive prenatal diagnoses. (biomedsearch.com)
- The clinical utility of microarray technologies when used in the context of prenatal diagnosis lies in the technology's ability to detect submicroscopic copy number changes that are associated with clinically significant outcomes. (biomedsearch.com)
- The diagnosis of tetra-amelia syndrome is established clinically and can be made on routine prenatal ultrasonography. (wikipedia.org)
- Prenatal diagnosis focuses on pursuing additional detailed information once a particular problem has been found, and can sometimes be more invasive. (wikipedia.org)
- There are three purposes of prenatal diagnosis: (1) to enable timely medical or surgical treatment of a condition before or after birth, (2) to give the parents the chance to abort a fetus with the diagnosed condition, and (3) to give parents the chance to "prepare" psychologically, socially, financially, and medically for a baby with a health problem or disability, or for the likelihood of a stillbirth. (wikipedia.org)
- Prenatal sex discernment can be performed by preimplantation genetic diagnosis before conception, but this method may not always be classified as prenatal sex discernment because it's performed even before implantation. (wikipedia.org)
- routine prenatal ultrasonography
- CPAMs are often identified during routine prenatal ultrasonography. (wikipedia.org)
- fetal
- PATIENTS: We diagnosed four fetuses with complete ductal closure by performing fetal echocardiography and reviewed the prenatal and postnatal medical records of the mother and fetus. (biomedsearch.com)
- PURPOSE: To determine the ratio of fetal lung volume (FLV) to fetal body weight (FBW) by using ultrasonography (US) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and to evaluate the usefulness of this ratio in predicting pulmonary hypoplasia (PH) in fetuses at high risk. (biomedsearch.com)
- citation needed] Obstetric ultrasonography, either transvaginally or transabdominally, can check for the sagittal sign as a marker of fetal sex. (wikipedia.org)
- Doppler
- Doppler ultrasonography is medical ultrasonography that employs the Doppler effect to generate imaging of the movement of tissues and body fluids (usually blood), and their relative velocity to the probe. (wikipedia.org)
- Color Doppler images are generally combined with grayscale (B-mode) images to display duplex ultrasonography images, allowing for simultaneous visualization of the anatomy of the area. (wikipedia.org)
- Ductus Arteriosus
- OBJECTIVE: Prenatal constriction of the ductus arteriosus associated with maternal drug ingestion was reported several decades ago. (biomedsearch.com)
- discernment
- Haryana government made it compulsory to submit identification proof of the pregnant woman at ultrasonography centres as a pre-condition for undergoing the prenatal sex discernment test. (wikipedia.org)
- Prenatal sex discernment is the prenatal testing for discerning the sex of a fetus before birth. (wikipedia.org)
- Potential applications of prenatal sex discernment include: A complement to specific gene testing for monogenic disorders, which can be very useful for genetic diseases with sex linkage, such as, for example, X-linked diseases. (wikipedia.org)
- In such cases, it may be much easier to exclude the possibility of disease in the child by prenatal sex discernment than to test for any specific sign of the disease itself. (wikipedia.org)
- diagnostic techniques
- Pre-natal diagnostic techniques like Medical Ultrasonography are capable of determining the sex of the fetus. (wikipedia.org)
- Prenatal sex determination was banned in India in 1994, under the Pre-conception and Prenatal Diagnostic Techniques (Prohibition of Sex Selection) Act. (wikipedia.org)
- Pre-conception and Prenatal Diagnostic Techniques (Prohibition of Sex Selection) Act" (PDF). (wikipedia.org)
- prenatally
- We conclude, that in every case of hydrops fetalis the venous system should be evaluated by ultrasonography prenatally and/or immediately postnatally. (biomedsearch.com)
- It is diagnosed prenatally by medical ultrasonography, although one 1997 study of prenatal ultrasounds found that "of the normal placentas, 35% were graded as probably or definitely circumvallate by at least one sonologist," and "all sonologists misgraded the case of complete circumvallation as normal. (wikipedia.org)
- Cystic
- Cystic hygromas are increasingly diagnosed by prenatal ultrasonography. (wikipedia.org)
- genetic
- Later she underwent higher training in prenatal genetic evaluation, infertility, ultrasonography and minimally invasive procedures such as Hysteroscopy and Laparoscopy. (wikipedia.org)
- invasive
- It is used in for example: Carotid ultrasonography Ultrasonography of deep venous thrombosis Ultrasonography of chronic venous insufficiency of the legs Duplex evaluation is usually done prior to any invasive testing or surgical procedure. (wikipedia.org)
- ratio
- Prenatal sex determination has caused the Child sex ratio to go down at alarming rates, in India, which is also another factor that led to its banning. (wikipedia.org)
- METHODS
- Prenatal screening focuses on finding problems among a large population with affordable and noninvasive methods. (wikipedia.org)
- determination
- The act banned prenatal sex determination. (wikipedia.org)
- include
- Offences under this act include conducting or helping in the conduct of prenatal diagnostic technique in the unregistered units, sex selection on a man or woman, conducting PND test for any purpose other than the one mentioned in the act, sale, distribution, supply, renting etc. of any ultra sound machine or any other equipment capable of detecting sex of the foetus. (wikipedia.org)
- test
- No laboratory or centre or clinic will conduct any test including ultrasonography for the purpose of determining the sex of the foetus. (wikipedia.org)
- normal
- The clinical utility of microarray technologies applied to prenatal cytogenetics in the presence of a normal conventional karyotype: a review of the literature. (biomedsearch.com)
- We have carried out a systematic review of the literature to calculate the utility of prenatal microarrays in the presence of a normal conventional karyotype. (biomedsearch.com)
- Selection
- The main purpose of enacting the act is to ban the use of sex selection techniques after conception and prevent the misuse of prenatal diagnostic technique for sex selective abortion. (wikipedia.org)
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