• METHOD: In this review, we synthesize the scientific evidence on adverse health outcomes in children following prenatal exposure to the smallest toxic components, fine (PM2.5) and ultrafine (PM0.1) PM. We highlight the established and emerging findings from epidemiologic studies and experimental models. (tamu.edu)
  • They noticed that this removal was even more efficient for ultrafine PM2.5 particles. (cam.ac.uk)
  • The UK capital's levels of ultra-fine particulate matter, known as PM2.5, are currently around half that would be normally recorded at this time of year, based on an average of measurements over the past five years, scientists say. (dailymail.co.uk)
  • During each day of the experiment, a single combination of one filter and one ventilation rate were used, and real-time fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentrations, airflow rates, and fan power were measured nearly simultaneously in the supply, return, and ventilation AHU airstreams. (nafahq.org)
  • Activated via a 'Purify' button in the lower touchscreen, it is capable of filtering ultrafine particulates (up to and even below PM2.5). (automotiveworld.com)
  • Airborne particulates are classified into two categories: those smaller than 10 microns (PM10) and those smaller than 2.5 microns (PM2.5). (acfa.org.sg)
  • Among all smoking-permitted air quality guidelines (AQG)11 for particulate venues, the mean PM2.5 concentration was 342 mg/m3. (who.int)
  • 2.5 µm in diameter (PM2.5) consists mainly of combustion-derived carbonaceous particles (fine and ultrafine sizes) with organic compounds and transition metals adsorbed on the surfaces (Stoeger et al. (who.int)
  • Exposure to air pollution is associated with adverse health effects in humans, with special concern for exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5). (lu.se)
  • Researchers have found associations between fine particulate pollution and increased odds of respiratory diseases, but less work has been done on ultrafine pollutants, and no health standards currently exist for this smallest category. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Cruise ships and other large international vessels typically burn bunker fuels, which produce high amounts of pollutants like particulate matter and sulphur oxide. (princegeorgecitizen.com)
  • Concentrations of two of the air pollutants of greatest concern-ground-level ozone and ultrafine particulate matter-have generally decreased across Canada since 2000. (fraserinstitute.org)
  • Trash-burning incinerators emit high levels of mercury pollution and ultra-fine particulate matter, one of the most dangerous known pollutants to human health. (chesapeakeclimate.org)
  • According to Maher and her coauthors, modeling-based studies that simulated particulate matter and its interaction with plants indicated only a slight reduction in the pollutants, with just a few percent depositing onto roadside vegetation. (the-scientist.com)
  • Many of those policies also reduce health-damaging air pollutants such as particulate matter. (who.int)
  • Air pollution and children's health-a review of adverse effects associated with prenatal exposure from fine to ultrafine particulate matter. (tamu.edu)
  • BACKGROUND: Particulate matter (PM), a major component of ambient air pollution, accounts for a substantial burden of diseases and fatality worldwide. (tamu.edu)
  • Particulate matter (PM) pollution in air has become a serious environmental issue calling for new type of filter technologies. (acs.org)
  • Natalie Johnson, PhD, associate professor at the Texas A&M School of Public Health, along with Carmen Lau, DVM, Jonathan Behlen and others exposed animal models modified to lack the Nrf2 gene and unmodified animal models to particulate pollution like that found in diesel exhaust. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Particulate matter pollution is divided into three categories based on particle size: coarse particles, fine particles and ultrafine particles. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Although more work lies ahead, this study demonstrates that the absence of a functioning Nrf2 gene affects prenatal growth of animal models, especially when exposed to ultrafine particulate air pollution in utero. (sciencedaily.com)
  • They found that the hedge was especially successful in removing ultrafine particle pollution, which can be more damaging to health. (cam.ac.uk)
  • This particle pollution - or particulate matter - is made up of a variety of chemical compounds, metals and other materials, some of which are toxic. (cam.ac.uk)
  • Western red cedar does a great job in 'capturing ' particulate pollution because it has abundant, fine, evergreen leaves into which airborne particles bump and then settle from the roadside air," said study co-author Professor Barbara Maher from the Lancaster University, who led the previous research. (cam.ac.uk)
  • Patents cover method of analyzing fine and ultrafine particulate matter air pollution which is some of the most noxious to human and animal health. (prweb.com)
  • BERKELEY, Calif. , March 29, 2021 /PRNewswire-PRWeb/ -- AirSpeQ, a fine and ultrafine air pollution sensor company based out of Berkeley, California is excited to announce that it has been granted two patents for its innovative thin film bulk acoustic resonator based particulate matter (PM) air pollution mass sensors. (prweb.com)
  • The detection of ultrafine particles in air pollution is of great importance due to the negative health implications of particles that have high aggregate surface area for carrying chemical contaminants and that can penetrate tissues and enter the blood stream or nervous system directly. (prweb.com)
  • AirSpeQ is committed to protecting human health and the planet with its affordable high-quality fine and ultrafine air pollution sensors. (prweb.com)
  • Air pollution has emerged as a plausible risk factor for AD, but studies estimating dementia cases attributable to exposure to fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) air pollution and resulting monetary estimates are lacking. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Exposure of human populations to smoke emitted by these fires increases, thereby contributing to airborne pollution through the emission of gas and particulate matter (PM). The adverse health outcomes associated with wildland fire exposure represent an important burden on the economies and health systems of societies. (frontiersin.org)
  • Research has focused on identification of harmful characteristics of particulate air pollution such as particle size, chemical composition and particulate mass, which can be useful for regulation and preventive efforts. (ersjournals.com)
  • The DSS analysis showed that on Friday, paddy stubble fires contributed to 15% of Delhi's PM 2.5 (ultrafine particulate matter with diameter less than 2.5 micrometres), local vehicular emissions had a share of 25%, emissions from households contributed to 7% of the particulate levels and industries in Delhi and its peripheries made up 9-10% of the city's pollution profile. (hindustantimes.com)
  • Substituting home outdoor or home indoor concentrations of particulate air pollution instead of the central site measurements did not change the observed associations. (bmj.com)
  • There's good evidence to show exposure to traffic pollution reduces the cognitive ability of children, by damaging their central nervous system, and also that ultrafine particles can enter heart tissue and damage their heart," says Maher. (the-scientist.com)
  • This page contains the answers to a number of frequently asked questions related to particulate matter and ozone pollution in the atmosphere. (irceline.be)
  • Conclusions Despite ratification of the FCTC in 2005, pollution levels within indoor public venues that both cigarette and water-pipe smoking are commonly permit smoking have been found to exceed this practised in enclosed public places throughout Lebanon, recommendation by severalfold.9 leading to unsafe levels of indoor particulate pollution. (who.int)
  • The mean particulate matter mass and count concentrations were 167.2 µg/m3 and 16,232 particles/cm3, respectively. (cdc.gov)
  • Based on the current regulatory occupational exposure limits, the particulate matter at the construction site was within permissible concentrations. (cdc.gov)
  • We review how climate change could affect future concentrations of tropospheric ozone and particulate matter (PM), and what changing concentrations could mean for population health. (nih.gov)
  • Not surprisingly, he found much higher concentrations of ultra-fine particulate matter at the stern of the ship. (princegeorgecitizen.com)
  • This NIOSH study was conducted to establish the effects of a diesel particulate filter (DPF) system with sintered metal substrate on the concentrations and size distributions of nano and ultrafine aerosols and concentrations of nitric oxides in undergro. (cdc.gov)
  • Exhaust from cars and diesel trucks contain high concentrations of the ultrafine particulate matter that have the greatest toxicity, with concentration directly related to traffic density. (momsteam.com)
  • In contrast, a Canadian study of 42 bicyclists found an inverse relationship between heart rate variability (standard deviation of normal-to-normal interval) and pollutant exposure (NO 2 and O 3 concentrations) as well as an association between ultrafine particulate matter (UFPM) and decreased high-frequency power [ 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The candles that emitted the lowest BC concentrations showed high emissions of ultrafine particles. (lu.se)
  • Submicron particles, such as ultrafine particles (UFP, aerodynamic diameter ≤ 100 nm) and particulate matter ≤ 1.0 micrometers (PM1.0), are an unregulated emerging health threat to humans, but the relationships between the concentration of these particles and meteorological and traffic factors are poorly understood. (rsc.org)
  • To better understand the role of Nrf2 during development and clarify how ultrafine particles affect health, researchers exposed both unmodified animal models and those that have had the Nrf2 genes knocked out to fresh, filtered air and air containing ultrafine particles like those found in diesel exhaust, a common pollutant in urban areas. (sciencedaily.com)
  • RESULTS: Maternal exposure to fine and ultrafine PM directly and indirectly yields numerous adverse birth outcomes and impacts on children's respiratory systems, immune status, brain development, and cardiometabolic health. (tamu.edu)
  • The cells were exposed to coarse, fine and ultrafine PM sampled from the Marienborg road tunnel during dry road surface conditions. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The biological mechanisms underlying adverse effects include direct placental translocation of ultrafine particles, placental and systemic maternal oxidative stress and inflammation elicited by both fine and ultrafine PM, epigenetic changes, and potential endocrine effects that influence long-term health. (tamu.edu)
  • Detailed physicochemical characterization of the ambient fine and ultrafine particulate mixture at a construction site. (cdc.gov)
  • This paper presents a detailed characterization of the size and shape distributions, and chemical compositions of ambient fine and ultrafine particles collected at the site of a building demolition and construction project at the Pennsylvania State University. (cdc.gov)
  • Fine particles less than 2.5 microns in diameter and ultrafine particles less than one-tenth of a micron across are of greatest concern. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The tiny size of ultrafine particles means they can work deeper into airways, possibly making them an even bigger health risk than fine particles. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Kennedy took regular readings of ultra-fine particulate matter at the front and back of the ships. (princegeorgecitizen.com)
  • Ultra-fine particulate matter can cause a range of health problems. (princegeorgecitizen.com)
  • It's not just those aboard the cruise ships that may be subjected to high levels of ultra-fine particulate matter, Ulrich said. (princegeorgecitizen.com)
  • Most of these qualify as fine or ultrafine particulate matter. (generalfilters.com)
  • Title : Surface area- and mass-based comparison of fine and ultrafine nickel oxide lung toxicity and augmentation of allergic response in an ovalbumin asthma model Personal Author(s) : Roach, Katherine A.;Anderson, Stacey E.;Stefaniak, Aleksandr B.;Shane, Hillary L.;Kodali, Vamsi;Kashon, Michael;Roberts, Jenny R. (cdc.gov)
  • The Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection (among others) recognizes that the fine particulates, which are more likely than larger particulates to pass through the throat and into the lungs, present the greatest health risk because they have "been more clearly linked to the most serious health problems and have been linked with illness and deaths from heart or lung disease. (momsteam.com)
  • The new system - introduced in addition to the existing Cabin Air Ionisation feature - filters out fine particulate matter, allergens, pollen and even strong smells. (automotiveworld.com)
  • Oil and gas extraction produces air toxics, including volatile organic compounds like benzene and formaldehyde, fine and ultra-fine particulate matter, and hydrogen sulfide. (therealnews.com)
  • PM10: Fine particulate matter of 10 microns or less. (acfa.org.sg)
  • We found that fine and ultrafine particulate matter, carbon monoxide, and black carbon were all elevated on the high-traffic route compared to the low-traffic route. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Trees remove ultra-fine particulate matter as they take in the matter and absorb it. (normandyparkblog.com)
  • Laser diffraction measures particle size distributions by concentration either as a percentage or by mass of a dispersed particulate sample. (wikipedia.org)
  • Varying results in particle size distributions of particular matter emissions from e-cigarettes across studies have been observed. (bmj.com)
  • Over the years researchers have worked to determine the emissions from smoking hookah, measuring many parameters including particulate matter, nicotine, volatile carbonyls and many others. (bmj.com)
  • However, our understanding of the impact of ultrafine (PM0.1) carbonaceous particulate matter is incomplete, particularly the effects during haze episodes. (researchgate.net)
  • Both the particulate and gas phases are mixtures of chemical substances in e-cigarette aerosols. (bmj.com)
  • This paper identifies and characterizes nanometer and ultrafine aerosols emitted by diesel engines in the underground environment and evaluates the effects of selected contemporary control technologies. (cdc.gov)
  • They also developed a new experiment that used a tracer gas to understand how ultrafine particles (measuring less that 2.5 microns) moved through and were trapped by the tredge. (cam.ac.uk)
  • These findings could point to a possible mechanism through which ultrafine particulate matter can affect placental function and prenatal health. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Pollutant particulate matter and ultrafine particles have been related to the rise of neurodegenerative diseases and other brain disorders. (rsc.org)
  • According to the World Health Organization (WHO), airborne particulates affect more people than any other pollutant. (acfa.org.sg)
  • While crease in ultrafine particles is associated with adverse cardio- there are conflicting reports about short-term translocation and vascular effects (Wichmann et al. (cdc.gov)
  • 2002), nothing is known about long-term there is concern about translocation of ultrafine particles (UFP) translocation and whether clearance kinetics of ultrafine parti- from the lungs into systemic circulation and uptake in transpul- cles differ from that of larger particles, as one may expect from differing clearance mechanisms for micrometer-sized particles versus UFP. (cdc.gov)
  • 100 nm, called ultrafine particles (UFPs) compared with larger, coarse particles with diameter 2.5-10 μm (PM 2.5-10 ), or less than 10 μm (PM 10 ). (ersjournals.com)
  • While birch was the best at grabbing particles a micron in diameter or smaller, nettle and hawthorn were the worst at around 30 percent, although the authors note that these two came loaded with the most particulate matter, which might have impaired their ability to trap more. (the-scientist.com)
  • This paper describes the relative strength of the association between outdoor and indoor exposure to ultrafine particles, PM 2.5 and PM 10 and lung function. (bmj.com)
  • In 2015, the National Air Filtration Association (NAFA) Foundation funded a research proposal by Associate Professor Michael Waring at Drexel University, which was to determine whether high-efficiency filters could be used to effectively control indoor particulate matter (PM) at high ventilation rates in offices. (nafahq.org)
  • A new Cabin Air Filtration system enhances the relaxing and clean sanctuary inside Velar, reducing levels of harmful particulates, pollen and even odours. (automotiveworld.com)
  • We have studied lung retention and clearance kinetics in 12 healthy male adult WKY rats up to 6 mo after an inhalation of 192Ir-radiolabeled, insoluble, ultrafine 15- to 20-nm iridium particles. (cdc.gov)
  • The aim of this study was to determine if puff duration and flow rate have an effect on the characteristics of the mainstream emission from waterpipes, including total particulate matter (TPM), mass ratio of nicotine and mass concentration of volatile carbonyls. (bmj.com)
  • She suggests that the ideal particulate traps would be tree species maintained as hedges, about the height of an adult human. (the-scientist.com)
  • Recently it was speculated that ultrafine particles (UFP) may translocate from deposition sites in the lungs to systemic circulation and whether long-term clearance differs between ultrafine and micrometer-sized particles. (cdc.gov)
  • These results enable a comparison of a real-world particulate exposure environment to hazard levels determined through single-particle-type exposure studies. (cdc.gov)
  • That well and the construction that comes with it and the maintenance of that well all have impacts on the air quality ranging from the particulate matter that comes from the diesel trucks, the hazardous chemicals that go through the communities as they're being transported to clean the well and maintain the well. (therealnews.com)
  • This study update states "…that it [the ultrafine particulates study] provides information on the spatial distribution of ambient air quality impacts, but does not provide a precise way to assign exposure estimates to specific locations or populations. (normandyparkblog.com)
  • They measured an 80% reduction in the ultrafine particles just behind the tredge. (cam.ac.uk)
  • The presence of trees provides significant health benefits, including the reduction of these particulates that make their way into the blood stream and negatively impact our hearts, lungs and brains. (normandyparkblog.com)
  • The ultrafine particles were very effectively removed, but this shows that some air still goes over or around the tredge," said Sheikh. (cam.ac.uk)
  • This paper discusses the results of a study to investigate the effects of engine operating conditions and exhaust aftertreatments on the mutagenicity of diesel particulate matter (DPM) collected directly in an underground mine environment. (cdc.gov)
  • Misclassification of exposure related to the use of central sites may be larger for ultrafine particles than for particulate matter ⩽2.5 μm and ⩽10 μm (PM 2.5 and PM 10 ) and may result in underestimation of health effects. (bmj.com)
  • Aside from conventional intake air filters, your vehicle also utilizes a cabin air filter, which filters debris and particulate matter from the HVAC system to ensure only fresh, clean air blows into the cabin. (realtruck.com)
  • Diesel particulate filters could prove extremely helpful. (acfa.org.sg)
  • Information from a number of reputable sources (nature.com, Access Science, NY Health Dept.) have publications that provide details on the benefits of trees to reduce particulate matter and to purify the air. (normandyparkblog.com)
  • There's been a limited number of studies looking at the removal of ultrafine particles by plant species. (the-scientist.com)