• The cpc-1 mRNA contains two upstream open reading frames (uORFs) in its >700-nucleotide(nt) 5' leader, and its expression is controlled at the level of translation in response to amino acid starvation. (tamu.edu)
  • Two upstream open reading frames (uORFs) in the GCN4 mRNA are critical for controlling GCN4 synthesis. (tamu.edu)
  • Translation of upstream open reading frames (uORFs) typically abrogates translation of main (m)ORFs. (bvsalud.org)
  • However, in some genes such as yeast GCN4, translation of specific uORFs may increase translation of the main ORF. (wikipedia.org)
  • A central fungal transcription factor, the best-studied example of which is Saccharomyces cerevisiae GCN4, is crucial for the response to amino acid limitation. (tamu.edu)
  • We observed that two uORFs in the corresponding Neurospora crassa cpc-1 mRNA appear functionally analogous to the GCN4 uORFs. (tamu.edu)
  • The pivotal role played by CPC1, combined with its translational regulation by uORFs and NCC utilization, underscores the emerging significance of noncanonical initiation events in controlling gene expression.IMPORTANCE There is a deepening and widening appreciation of the diverse roles of translation in controlling gene expression. (tamu.edu)
  • In bacteria, uORFs are called leader peptides and were originally discovered on the basis of their impact on the regulation of genes involved in the synthesis or transport of amino acids. (wikipedia.org)
  • GO Annotations consist of four mandatory components: a gene product, a term from one of the three Gene Ontology (GO) controlled vocabularies ( Molecular Function , Biological Process , and Cellular Component ), a reference, and an evidence code. (yeastgenome.org)
  • We observed that multiple non-AUG near-cognate codons (NCCs) in this extended reading frame, some conserved, initiated translation to produce longer forms of CPC1, underscoring the significance of noncanonical initiation in controlling gene expression. (tamu.edu)
  • Approximately 50% of human genes contain uORFs in their 5'UTR, and when present, these cause reductions in protein expression. (wikipedia.org)
  • The role of de novo evolved genes from non-coding sequences in regulating morphological differentiation between species/subspecies remains largely unknown. (bvsalud.org)
  • In bacteria, uORFs are called leader peptides and were originally discovered on the basis of their impact on the regulation of genes involved in the synthesis or transport of amino acids. (wikipedia.org)
  • Approximately 50% of human genes contain uORFs in their 5'UTR, and when present, these cause reductions in protein expression. (wikipedia.org)
  • Furthermore, it suggested that the ATP-binding cassette transporter, ZIP transporter, heat shock protein, glutathione transferases, and Cytochrome P450 genes contributed to the increased tolerance to cadmium stress after NAC application in Ganoderma lucidum. (bvsalud.org)
  • However, Ime1 protein production is reduced and the Ume6 repressor is not destroyed in rpl22 mutant cells preventing early meiotic gene induction resulting in a pre-meiosis I arrest. (biomedcentral.com)