Typically catalysts palladium. Medical search. Frequent questions

The auto catalyst is made up of a ceramic or metallic substrate that is coated with a catalyst, typically made up of precious metals such as platinum, palladium, and rhodium. (marketresearchcommunity.com)
The catalysts, often composed of precious metals such as platinum, palladium, and rhodium, act as accelerators for the chemical reactions within the converter. (daysyore.com)
The best thermocatalysts are made from platinum and related precious metals like palladium, rhodium and ruthenium. (technologynetworks.com)
Catalytic converters feature a substrate containing precious metals like platinum, palladium and rhodium. (walkerexhaust.com)
Here's how it works: The catalytic converter contains a ceramic or metal catalyst, typically made of precious metals like platinum, palladium, and rhodium. (blogging4passion.com)
However, the activity of a catalyst (typically supported palladium, platinum, ruthenium or rhodium catalysts) often decreases or ceases completely during the hydrogenation of such type compounds, i.e. the catalyst is poisoned. (bme.hu)
Constructed typically from a ceramic honeycombed monolith coated with catalysts like platinum, palladium, and rhodium, the catalytic converter can withstand the harsh conditions of a vehicle's exhaust system while performing its essential task. (noti.st)
Catalytic converters contain honeycomb-like structures with tiny pores that are coated with platinum, rhodium, or palladium depending on the catalyst stage. (wheelsjoint.com)
Catalytic converters contain platinum, palladium and rhodium precious metals from platinum group metals as catalysts. (timov.la)
Because it contains rhodium, palladium and platinum, which are among the most precious metals. (timov.la)
Although the quantities vary by model, on average, only one standard catalytic converter contains about 3-7 grams of platinum, 2-7 grams of palladium, 1-2 grams rhodium. (timov.la)
The converter's interior is lined with a mixture of rare and expensive metals like platinum, rhodium, and palladium. (getcatsecurity.com)
Rhodium is the reduction catalyst, palladium is the oxidation catalyst, and platinum does both. (getcatsecurity.com)
Previously discussing the interior metal coatings consisting of platinum, rhodium, and palladium, the exterior of a catalytic converter housing is typically made of stainless steel with an anti-thermal shield surrounding the housing. (getcatsecurity.com)

For example, homogeneous catalysts, such as acids or bases, are used in the production of organic compounds. (filmdaily.co)
During the following two years he worked on immobilisation and recycling techniques for chiral homogeneous catalysts. (universityofgalway.ie)

An article based on the study, " Isolated, Well-Defined Organovanadium(III) on Silica: Single-Site Catalyst for Hydrogenation of Alkenes and Alkynes ," appeared online in Chemical Communications on May 9 in the special issue, "ChemComm's 2017 Emerging Investigators. (newswise.com)
To complete the reaction, hydrogenation requires a catalyst - a substance that facilitates the process without being consumed. (arvanna.com)
The Rosenmund reaction is a hydrogenation process where molecular hydrogen reacts with the acyl chloride in the presence of catalyst - palladium on barium sulfate. (includednews.com)
We will examine how certain factors influence poisoning of the catalysts during the hydrogenation, what kind of relationship is between the structure of substrate and the activity, as well as the structure of the metal catalyst. (bme.hu)
We plan to determine the mechanism of the reactions and provide new thermodynamical data on the hydrogenation of nitriles over various carbon supported precious metal catalysts using molecular modelling, as well. (bme.hu)
By investigating the structure sensitivity of CO2 hydrogenation on a set of silica-supported Ni nanoparticle catalysts (2-12 nm), we found that the active sites responsible for the conversion of CO2 to CO are different from those for the subsequent hydrogenation of CO to CH4. (bvsalud.org)
These findings provide essential insights into the much debated structure sensitivity of CO2 hydrogenation reactions and are key for the knowledge-driven design of highly active and selective catalysts. (bvsalud.org)

Some of the most popular catalysts used today include precious metals such as platinum, palladium, ruthenium, and osmium, as well as metal oxides like zinc oxide, iron oxide, and titanium dioxide. (filmdaily.co)
Robatjazi, a Ph.D. alumnus from Halas' research group who is now chief scientist at Houston-based Syzygy Plasmonics explained, "In the absence of light, the copper-iron catalyst exhibited about 300 times lower reactivity than copper-ruthenium catalysts, which is not surprising given that ruthenium is a better thermocatalyst for this reaction. (thoriumbaby.com)

In this process, palladium complexes serve as catalysts. (wikipedia.org)
These precious metals serve as catalysts that process harmful raw exhaust gases and convert them into the less harmful gases of water, carbon dioxide and nitrogen. (walkerexhaust.com)

Typically, the catalyst used in auto catalytic converters is constructed from ceramic bricks coated in platinum and palladium. (hondacrvcatalyticconverter.com)
Precious metals, such as gold gold , silver silver , platinum platinum , and palladium palladium , have long been recognized as a potential hedge against geopolitical risks. (publishwhatyoupay.org)
It provides the breakdown of platinum and palladium hydrocarbons into water vapor and carbon dioxide. (timov.la)
These converters use precious metal catalysts like platinum and palladium to convert harmful pollutants in vehicle exhaust into less toxic substances. (learningmantras.com)

This feature motivated us to apply Y 3 Pd 2 as a Suzuki coupling reaction catalyst as the reaction barrier of the rate-determining step can be suppressed through electron transfer from the electride to the substrates. (titech.ac.jp)
James Clark 's group at the University of York show that these nanoparticles can give better results than commercial catalysts in the Nobel prize-winning and widely-used Suzuki reaction . (chemistryworld.com)
catalysts cause other compounds to react with one another, often by bringing them into close proximity, but the catalysts themselves don't take part in the reaction. (rdworldonline.com)
The Rosenmund Reaction is typically carried out under mild conditions, using a palladium catalyst supported on barium sulfate (Pd/BaSO4). (includednews.com)
Reduction: In the second stage, the catalyst assists in converting nitrogen oxides (NOx) into nitrogen (N2) and oxygen (O2) through a reduction reaction. (blogging4passion.com)
When it comes to chemical reactions, a catalyst is an essential element that can dramatically increase the reaction rate. (filmdaily.co)
A catalyst is a chemical or material that speeds up or facilitates a reaction without being consumed in the process. (filmdaily.co)
Catalysts are commonly used in industrial and research settings to increase the rate of a reaction, reduce the energy required for the reaction, increase selectivity, and reduce the number of by-products produced. (filmdaily.co)
The most common type of catalyst is an enzyme, which is an organic compound that acts as a catalyst in a reaction between two or more substrates. (filmdaily.co)
These catalysts can be used to reduce the activation energy of a reaction, allowing it to proceed at lower temperatures and faster rates. (filmdaily.co)
Finally, homogenous catalysts are a type of catalyst that's dissolved in a reaction mixture. (filmdaily.co)
In situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy demonstrates that the isolated Fe3+ centers in zeolite framework of fresh catalysts are reduced during the reaction to the active sites, including Fe2+ species and Fe (oxy)carbides dispersed in zeolite pores. (bvsalud.org)
This reaction can be followed by a palladium-catalyzed coupling, providing a one-pot procedure for the overall coupling between a bromoarene (or chloroarene) and a terminal alkyne ( ‌ Scheme 29 ‌ ). (thieme.com)
palladium supported on charcoal is used as the catalyst, and the reaction, in the presence of a base and with potassium iodide as iodide source, constitutes a copper- and ligand-free alternative to the standard Sonogashira protocols. (thieme.com)
Experiments were carried out to determine the impact of reagent dose, base metal to catalyst ratio, temperature, and initial pH adjustment on the reaction in order to obtain the optimum conditions for dechlorination. (newhaven.edu)
In general, as the catalyst amount was reduced for a given reagent dose, longer reaction times were required to achieve the same level of removal. (newhaven.edu)
Catalysts play a crucial role in various industrial processes, where they accelerate chemical reactions, increase reaction rates, and improve the efficiency of production processes. (learningmantras.com)

The most common catalysts used to effect hydrocyanation are nickel 0 and palladium 0 complexes. (xbrander.com)
Not included are common components of manufacturing equipment such as nickel and vanadium, or common catalysts such as platinum or palladium. (spectroscopyonline.com)

Palladium and gold-and mixtures of the two-have long been recognized as extremely effective catalysts. (rdworldonline.com)
This hampers the development of effective catalysts relevant to energy storage. (bvsalud.org)

Since then, many groups have been investigating new combinations of intermetallic compounds (consisting of a rare earth metal and an active transition metal), with the goal of developing much more efficient catalysts for the chemical industry. (titech.ac.jp)
Direct nonoxidative coupling is a promising route for methane upgrading, yet its commercialization is hindered by the lack of efficient catalysts. (bvsalud.org)

Specifically, a tube-in-tube membrane contactor (sparger) integrated in-line with the flow reactor has been successfully applied to the aerobic oxidation of benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde utilizing a heterogeneous palladium catalyst in the packed bed. (mdpi.com)
Heterogeneous catalysts are solid materials that help speed up reactions between different substances. (filmdaily.co)

UK researchers have redefined the term 'chemical plant' by showing thale cress ( Arabidopsis thaliana) seedlings can reduce palladium salts and help produce catalytic nanoparticles . (chemistryworld.com)
Palladium-containing nanoparticles up to 32nm in diameter grew in their leaves, which the York researchers then washed, dried and ground to a powder. (chemistryworld.com)
Parker and Rylott then pyrolysed the powder at 300°C in nitrogen to make catalyst nanoparticles. (chemistryworld.com)
Using their nanoparticles to couple phenylboronic acid and various aryl halides - including hard-to-react chlorides and bromides - they got better yields than with Pd(OAc) 2 or palladium-on-carbon. (chemistryworld.com)
From their previous work, Wong's team knew that gold-palladium nanoparticles were not good catalysts for breaking apart nitrates. (topcropmanager.com)
chemical engineer Michael Wong has spent a decade amassing evidence that palladium-gold nanoparticles are excellent catalysts for cleaning polluted water, but even he was surprised at how well the particles converted biodiesel waste into valuable chemicals. (rdworldonline.com)

CO2 enters the air, which comes out after the processing of exhaust catalysts. (mudgemullen.com)
When exposed to the catalyst, exhaust gases like carbon monoxide will be converted into carbon dioxide, nitrogen or even oxygen. (jbtools.com)
They are typically made of rubber or metal and provide stability and support to the exhaust system. (haltontransmission.com)
An auto catalyst is a device used in the exhaust system of vehicles to reduce the emission of harmful pollutants from the engine. (marketresearchcommunity.com)
As exhaust gases pass through the catalyst, chemical reactions occur that convert harmful pollutants, such as carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and hydrocarbons, into less harmful substances, such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and water vapor. (marketresearchcommunity.com)
Adding a catalyst to the mixture of gases as they leave the engine and move through the exhaust system is the most typical method of oxidizing exhaust gases. (hondacrvcatalyticconverter.com)
The catalytic converter is typically situated like a box in the centre of the exhaust system underneath the car. (noti.st)
We supply our clients with solid and professional exhaust system components including a diesel catalytic converter, typically combined with a diesel particulate filter. (exhaustdirect24.co.uk)

Oxidation: In the first stage, the catalyst helps convert carbon monoxide (CO) and unburned hydrocarbons (HC) into carbon dioxide (CO2) and water vapor (H2O). (blogging4passion.com)
These catalysts can also be used for oxidation and reduction reactions. (filmdaily.co)

Catalytic converters, on the other hand, are designed to convert harmful byproduct gases into less-harmful byproduct gases via a catalyst. (jbtools.com)
CARB-compliant catalytic converters typically use a higher precious metal load due to longer service life requirements in the CARB standards, as well as mass-based emission standards for CARB rather than the conversion efficiency standards used by EPA. (walkerexhaust.com)
There are many factors that affect its service life, but typically catalytic converters last for around 100,000 miles or 10 years in Escape. (wheelsjoint.com)
Catalysts are crucial in environmental protection, particularly in catalytic converters for vehicles. (learningmantras.com)

The reusability of the catalyst (up to 20 cycles) and the relative ease with which Pd atoms can be recovered represents an important step to achieving greater sustainability in the chemical industry. (titech.ac.jp)
In the inset, fluoromethane molecules (top) comprised of one carbon atom (black), three hydrogen atoms (grey), and one fluorine atom (light blue) react with deuterium (yellow) molecules near the palladium surface (black), cleaving the carbon-fluorine bond to produce deuterium fluoride (right) and monodeuterated methane (bottom). (scitechdaily.com)
The improvement in the kinetics of hydrogen charging was credited to a synergistic effect between the palladium and nickel atoms in the catalytic mantle and the formation of an 'interfacial bridge' for hydrogen diffusion by the nickel atoms in the deposited layer. (scielo.org.za)

The new catalyst breaks those molecules into hydrogen gas, a clean-burning fuel, and nitrogen gas, the largest component of Earth's atmosphere. (technologynetworks.com)
It uses a catalyst, typically palladium or platinum, distributed onto the ceramic honeycomb or ceramic beads, to convert the toxic substances into less dangerous ones - carbon dioxide, water, nitrogen and oxygen. (exhaustdirect24.co.uk)

Inorganic catalysts are also used, including oxides and hydroxides of metals like iron, cobalt, nickel and manganese. (filmdaily.co)
It was found that palladium-nickel (Pd-Ni) co-deposition by electroless plating significantly improved the kinetics of hydrogen charging of the AB 5 -type intermetallides at low hydrogen pressure and temperature, after long-term pre-exposure to air. (scielo.org.za)

Chiral catalysts, in particular, are used to produce enantiopure compounds, which are important in pharmaceutical development. (learningmantras.com)

In 2013, his group showed that tiny gold spheres dotted with specks of palladium could break apart nitrites, the more toxic chemical cousins of nitrates. (topcropmanager.com)
They build their catalysts on gold spheres that are about four nanometers in diameter. (rdworldonline.com)

While catalysts are widely used in industry, they are typically used in energy-intensive processes that require high temperature, high pressure, or both. (scitechdaily.com)
Pt, Pd, Rh and their various alloys are widely used catalysts in large and small chemical reactors such as vehicle exhausts. (machinedesign.com)
Enzymatic catalysts are widely used in the food industry to facilitate reactions that improve food quality and taste. (learningmantras.com)

These catalysts promote the conversion of harmful gases into harmless byproducts. (daysyore.com)

A group of materials scientists at Tokyo Institute of Technology has shown that a palladium-based intermetallic electride, Y 3 Pd 2 , can improve the efficiency of carbon-carbon cross-coupling reactions. (titech.ac.jp)
Researchers at Tokyo Institute of Technology (Tokyo Tech) have developed an electride 1 material composed of yttrium and palladium (Y 3 Pd 2 ) as a catalyst for Suzuki cross-coupling reactions. (titech.ac.jp)
Newswise - Just as Cinderella turned from a poor teenager into a magnificent princess with the aid of a little magic, scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy's Argonne National Laboratory have transformed a common metal into a useful catalyst for a wide class of reactions, a role formerly reserved for expensive precious metals. (newswise.com)
Wong's lab specializes in developing nanoparticle-based catalysts, submicroscopic bits of metal that speed up chemical reactions. (topcropmanager.com)
Catalysts often speed up reactions that would otherwise happen too slowly, and drugmakers and chemical companies use catalysts to improve the efficiency of their chemical processing. (rdworldonline.com)
Wong and colleagues have shown that covering 60 to 80% of the gold's surface area with palladium typically produces the ideal catalyst-though the exact percentage varies for different reactions. (rdworldonline.com)
Forming a certain structure inside the catalyst, reactions occur that filter all gases. (mudgemullen.com)
Over the past five years, Halas and colleagues have pioneered methods for making "antenna-reactor" catalysts that spur or speed up chemical reactions. (scitechdaily.com)
The antenna-reactor catalyst design allows Halas' team to mix and match metals that are best suited for capturing light and catalyzing reactions in a particular context. (scitechdaily.com)
The substrate is typically made of a ceramic or metallic material with a high surface area that provides ample contact for the chemical reactions. (daysyore.com)
The pace of chemical reactions typically increases with temperature, and chemical producers have capitalized on this for more than a century by applying heat on an industrial scale. (technologynetworks.com)
These catalysts use metal ions to facilitate reactions. (filmdaily.co)
This type of catalyst is useful for complex organic reactions, and is often used to synthesize pharmaceuticals and other organic compounds. (filmdaily.co)
By speeding up reactions and reducing unwanted by-products, catalysts can help improve the quality of the finished product. (filmdaily.co)

These findings are extremely important,' enthuses Jenny Edwards , who develops metal catalysts at Cardiff University, UK. (chemistryworld.com)
In scientific parlance, the data from the study produced a "volcano plot," a graph with a sharp spike that depicts a "Goldilocks effect," a "just right" balance of palladium and gold that is faster-about 10 times faster-at converting glycerol than catalysts of either metal alone. (rdworldonline.com)
The approaches investigated included micro-encapsulation with palladium and mixed-metal mantles using electroless plating. (scielo.org.za)
An innovative technology to alleviate atrazine contamination in drinking water is treatment with a bimetallic reagent that is comprised of a base metal (typically Mg or Fe) and a catalytic metal (for example Pd). (newhaven.edu)

An example is benzoyl chloride (an acid chloride) reacts with hydrogen and Pd/BaSO4 (a poisoned catalyst) to produce benzaldehyde. (includednews.com)

Enzymes are proteins used as biocatalysts to reduce or replace the use of chemi- cals in a variety of processes.9 As catalysts, enzymes are used in a variety of indus- tries, including cleaning, food processing, animal feed, fuel alcohol, textile, paper, and pharmaceuticals. (cdc.gov)

Palladium is typically prized because it is especially good at binding and inducing molecules to reduce or oxidize. (rdworldonline.com)
Thus a strong, chemical-like and very specific bond forms between the active component of a catalyst and the poisoning molecules, which inhibits the further catalytic processes. (bme.hu)
We will investigate how poisoning of the spent catalyst can be eliminated in an easy way, for instance, by the rehydrogenation of the catalyst, i.e. hydrogen is able to push off the poisoning molecules from surface of the catalyst and to restore the original activity of the catalyst. (bme.hu)

An artist's illustration of the light-activated antenna-reactor catalyst Rice University engineers designed to break carbon-fluorine bonds in fluorocarbons. (scitechdaily.com)
Rice University scientists have invented a light-activated catalyst that efficiently converts ammonia into clean-burning hydrogen using only inexpensive raw materials. (thoriumbaby.com)

Walker CalCat® converters feature catalytic technology providing the proper catalyst material and design - including the right loading of precious metals paired with a precise OE-style, substrate coating process and a high-technology washcoat for consistent performance to meet CARB emissions standards. (walkerexhaust.com)

Palladium by itself oxidizes, which is not good because it slows down the catalysis," Zhao said. (rdworldonline.com)
In the Nature Catalysis study, the energy-capturing antenna is an aluminum particle smaller than a living cell, and the reactors are islands of palladium scattered across the aluminum surface. (scitechdaily.com)

The energy-saving feature of antenna-reactor catalysts is perhaps best illustrated by another of Halas' previous successes: solar steam. (scitechdaily.com)
Transition metals like iron are typically poor thermocatalysts," said study co-author Naomi Halas of Rice. (technologynetworks.com)
Study co-author Naomi Halas of Rice noted, "Transition metals like iron are typically poor thermocatalysts, This work shows they can be efficient plasmonic photocatalysts. (thoriumbaby.com)

Lindlar's catalyst produces alkenes and Rosenmund catalyst produces aldehyde. (includednews.com)

In 2009, Nørskov and co-workers published groundbreaking findings on catalysts made of platinum alloyed with early transition metals, including yttrium. (titech.ac.jp)
And at the moment, almost all cars have catalysts from different companies that are made of different materials. (mudgemullen.com)
The best of these are also typically made with precious metals like silver and gold. (thoriumbaby.com)

A typical catalytic converter consists of three main components: the substrate, catalysts, and the outer shell. (daysyore.com)

The work is part of the green chemistry movement toward cleaner, more efficient chemical processes, and LANP has previously demonstrated catalysts for producing ethylene and syngas and for splitting ammonia to produce hydrogen fuel. (scitechdaily.com)
Using only inexpensive raw materials, a team from Rice's Laboratory for Nanophotonics , Syzygy Plasmonics Inc. and Princeton University's Andlinger Center for Energy and the Environment created a scalable catalyst that needs only the power of light to convert ammonia into clean-burning hydrogen fuel. (technologynetworks.com)
Examples include the Haber-Bosch process for ammonia synthesis and the Ziegler-Natta catalyst for polymerization. (learningmantras.com)

Syzygy has licensed Rice's antenna-reactor technology, and the study included scaled-up tests of the catalyst in the company's commercially available, LED-powered reactors. (thoriumbaby.com)

The Syzygy tests showed the catalysts retained their efficiency under LED illumination and at a scale 500 times larger than lab setup. (thoriumbaby.com)

The catalyst typically consists of either platinum or palladium, which is coated over a honeycomb structure. (jbtools.com)
The catalytic combustor is a honeycomb-shaped device with a catalyst, like platinum or palladium. (anationofmoms.com)

Among catalysts, gold is now valued because it doesn't tarnish or oxidize, a process that can shorten a catalyst's lifespan. (rdworldonline.com)
Typically higher yields are obtained in flow than in the corresponding batch process. (uniqsis.com)
The process involved in deriving H202 involves the use of a palladium catalyst. (ruralsprout.com)

Additionally, a muffler is typically required as well. (jbtools.com)

Catalysts are essential in the petrochemical industry for various processes, such as cracking, reforming, and alkylation. (learningmantras.com)

This test typically involves the high-temperature digestion of the material of interest followed by sulfide precipitation of the metals of interest. (spectroscopyonline.com)
This typically involves avoiding high speeds and heavy loads during the first 1000 miles, gradually increasing the speed and load over time. (drivewise.autos)

Engineers at Rice University's Nanotechnology Enabled Water Treatment (NEWT) Center have found a catalyst that cleans toxic nitrates from drinking water by converting them into air and water. (topcropmanager.com)

Barium sulfate reduces the activity of the palladium due to its low surface area, thereby preventing over reduction. (includednews.com)

The answer lies within the catalysts themselves, thanks to the precious metals that are inside the catalyst. (mudgemullen.com)
Precious metals serve as a hedge against geopolitical risks: Investing in gold, silver, platinum, or palladium can act as a safeguard during times of geopolitical uncertainty, providing stability and preserving wealth. (publishwhatyoupay.org)
PM properties typically differ from those of conventional metals in two primary areas: melting point and density. (machinedesign.com)
Fuel cell catalysts, typically based on platinum or other precious metals, facilitate the conversion of hydrogen and oxygen into electricity and water. (learningmantras.com)

In the oil refining industry, catalysts are used to convert crude oil into refined products like gasoline, diesel, and jet fuel. (learningmantras.com)

In collaboration with chemical engineering colleagues Jeffrey Miller of Purdue University and Lars Grabow of the University of Houston, the Rice team found that the indium speeds up the breakdown of nitrates while the palladium apparently keeps the indium from being permanently oxidized. (topcropmanager.com)

In communities with polluted wells and lakes, that typically means pretreating drinking water with ion-exchange resins that trap and remove nitrates and nitrites without destroying them. (topcropmanager.com)
But when we added hydrogen-saturated water, the palladium prompted some of that oxygen to bond with the hydrogen and form water, and that resulted in the indium remaining in a reduced state where it's free to break apart more nitrates. (topcropmanager.com)
Catalysts are used in remediation processes to remove pollutants and contaminants from air and water. (learningmantras.com)

It is thanks to catalysts that humanity can use pollution controls. (mudgemullen.com)

The catalyst helps lower the temperature at which the gases and particles can burn. (anationofmoms.com)

Hybrid cars typically have a smaller battery and rely more heavily on the internal combustion engine, while electric cars have a larger battery and can be charged through an external power source. (drivewise.autos)

Lesions are typically found on the face and on extensor surfaces during childhood and on flexural surfaces (eg, antecubital fossa, popliteal fossa), eyelids, ears, hands, and feet in adulthood. (medscape.com)

Palladium is a critical material , difficult to obtain and of course finite. (ruralsprout.com)

Without a catalytic converter, you typically won't pass an emissions test. (jbtools.com)

Catalysts are used in energy-related processes, such as fuel cells and hydrogen production. (learningmantras.com)

Key to the alkylation of alcohols is the use of catalysts that render the hydroxyl group a good leaving group. (wikipedia.org)
The increased adoption of Auto catalyst in the Automotive & Transportation industry is due to high workability, Stability of structure, good quality, and Demand for making things better. (marketresearchcommunity.com)
The average catalytic converter has 3 to 7 grams of platinum worth about $100 - $237, Platinum is more valuable than gold, silver, and even palladium and is a good target for thieves. (timov.la)

Chemicals and Drugs34

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment2

Phenomena and Processes12

Disciplines and Occupations1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture4

Named Groups1

Health Care2

Rhodium14

Homogeneous catalysts2

Hydrogenation7

Ruthenium2

Serve as catalysts2

Platinum and palladium4

Reaction17

Common catalysts2

Effective catalysts2

Efficient catalysts2

Heterogeneous2

Nanoparticles6

Exhaust8

Oxidation2

Catalytic converters4

Atoms3

Nitrogen2

Nickel2

Chiral1

Gold spheres2

Widely3

Harmful1

Reactions14

Metal4

Benzaldehyde1

Enzymes1

Molecules3

Light-activated2

Converters1

Catalysis2

Halas3

Alkenes1

Made3

Substrate1

Ammonia3

Reactors1

Efficiency1

Honeycomb2

Process3

Muffler1

Petrochemical1

Involves2

Toxic1

Reduction1

Metals4

Gasoline1

Breakdown1

Water3

Pollution1

Temperature1

Rely1

Surfaces1

Material1

Emissions1

Processes1

Good3