Types antigens bacterial. Medical search. Frequent questions

First, chloramphenicol treatment allows the selection of bacteria expressing antigen-CAT fusion proteins in frame, which greatly reduces the number of colonies to be screened. (nih.gov)
Third, the uniformly high expression level of antigen-CAT fusion proteins permits the establishment of large and representative pool sizes. (nih.gov)
Using this approach, the BALF4 and BNRF1 proteins were identified as targets of the EBV-specific T-helper-cell response, demonstrating that lytic cycle antigens are a relevant component of the EBV-specific TH-cell response. (nih.gov)
A simple nasal swab sample is used to look for antigens (surface proteins and other substances) unique to any of the respiratory viruses (COVID-19, influenza, RSV) for identification. (anylabtestnow.com)
Additionally, bacterial virulence proteins utilize many molecular mechanisms that are also conserved among viruses of importance to biosecurity. (k-state.edu)
My research team has discovered several mechanisms by which bacterial proteins subvert the host innate immune system to promote bacterial colonization and transmission. (k-state.edu)
A bacterium-containing vacuole (phagosome) may combine with another vacuole that contains bacterial-degrading proteins ( lysozymes ). (britannica.com)
Given this, what pancreatic proteins are type 1 diabetics self-attacking? (nutritionfacts.org)

Phage typing of bacterial culture or antibodies for F-antigen. (wikipedia.org)
If an antigen is present, the antibodies in the device will bind to them and create a positive response which can then be read/identified. (anylabtestnow.com)
Definitive diagnosis relies on specific laboratory tests for the bacteria, bacterial antigens, or antibodies produced by the body's immune system . (jrank.org)
People produce antibodies against the antigens they lack. (sott.net)
D) Immunofluorescence images of wild-type SMB BSF cells (Lister 427) stained with RO462005 antibodies to HA and GFP. (estme.org)

Most healthy people have a DTH response to several bacterial, viral, and fungal antigens. (cdc.gov)
CD206 mediates phagocytic and endocytic uptake of fungal, bacterial, protozoan and viral antigens, and plays an important role in immune defense and immune regulation. (fishersci.com)
9. Presence or suspicion of active viral, bacterial, fungal, or parasitic infection within 14 days before the first study drug administration. (who.int)

Explain why a secondary antibody response to an antigen may prevent a bacterial or viral disease when the primary adaptive immune response to that antigen did not protect the person from the disease. (nursingtermpaper.com)
They found that a molecule that binds toll-like receptors (TLR) doubles the early antibody response to an antigen, and shifts it to a more effective, IgG form. (nationaljewish.org)

We observed few so-called rheumatogenic emm types but found a high proportion of emm types previously associated with pyoderma, further suggesting a role for skin infection in ARF. (nih.gov)
Thus, the guidelines presented below are intended for the evaluation and management of persons who may have tuberculous infection and HIV-induced anergy to delayed-type hypersen- sitivity (DTH) skin test antigens, including PPD-tuberculin. (cdc.gov)
Strep throat is not caused by a virus, rather by a bacterial infection. (anylabtestnow.com)
Results from this type of test can be made available in 10 to 15 minutes for each of the tests run, and can help identify if symptoms are due to an infection with any of the viruses or bacteria. (anylabtestnow.com)
impetigo is a common bacterial infection of children's skin but is rarer in adults, and acne is a common infection of the skin of adolescents but is uncommon in childhood or in older adults. (britannica.com)
These events are described in detail in the article immune system , but they can be summarized as follows: special types of white blood cells called polymorphonuclear leukocytes or granulocytes , which are normally manufactured in the bone marrow and which circulate in the blood, move to the site of the infection. (britannica.com)
Both variations were shown to influence bacterial colonization in a murine infection model. (uni-muenchen.de)
These are used in the cell walls and are known as potential targets for therapy during the treatment of a bacterial infection. (prospecbio.com)
In the early 1960s, following the discovery of the IgG subclasses, certain associations were also recognized between individual subclass deficiencies, decreased ability to respond to certain types of antigens (ie, bacterial polysaccharides), and recurrent infection. (medscape.com)
Five immunodominant antigens with characteristic expressions at the stages of primary infection (Ag85A), the regulation of nutrition and metabolism when transferring from rapid growth to latency (PhoY2 and Rv3407), latency (Rv2626c), and reactivation (RpfB) were selected to construct the fusion polyprotein WH121, which has better immunogenicity and protection than each multistage antigen. (oncotarget.com)
The innate immune response begins within minutes to hours after an infection begins by recognizing general molecular patterns associated with infectious organisms, such as components of bacterial cell walls. (nationaljewish.org)
Pneumonias can be classified in many ways, including the type of infectious agent (etiology), source of infection and pattern of lung involvement. (thehealthcareblog.com)
Guillain‑Barré syndrome is a heterogeneous disease that frequently follows a bacterial or viral infection. (spandidos-publications.com)

We applied an emm cluster typing system to group A Streptococcus strains in New Zealand, including those associated with acute rheumatic fever (ARF). (nih.gov)
but the most common type for infections in the throat is Streptococcus Group A (Strep A). (anylabtestnow.com)
A rapid (i.e. antigen) test can be used to identify if you currently have or are infected with any of the most common types of respiratory viruses (COVID-19, influenza A and/or influenza B, or RSV) as well as the bacteria for Strep throat (Streptococcus A). (anylabtestnow.com)

This direct antigen identification method is based on the random expression of viral polypeptides fused to chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) in bacteria, which are subsequently fed to major histocompatibility complex class II+ antigen-presenting cells and probed with antigen-specific T cells. (nih.gov)
Legionnaires' disease is a type of pneumonia caused by Legionella bacteria . (jrank.org)
There are at least 40 types of Legionella bacteria, half of which are capable of producing disease in humans. (jrank.org)
They observed that when viruses entered the bacteria, the viral DNA was cut into small pieces and inactivated by certain bacterial enzyme. (faqs.org)
Ingestion of bacteria may require the help of still other components of the blood, called opsonins , which act to coat the bacterial cell wall and prepare it for ingestion. (britannica.com)
They found that enzymes from both bacteria were able to remove both A and B antigens from red blood cells. (sott.net)
This portion is present only in smooth-type Gram-negative bacteria and shows a high heterogeneity in terms of length, composition and branching degrees. (scirp.org)
Mycobacteria are a family of bacteria that cause diseases like tuberculosis and leprosy, and, in one study, all newly diagnosed type 1 diabetic children were found to have immune responses to this mycobacterial protein. (nutritionfacts.org)
They attempted to test the association of Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis (MAP), the full name for the bug, with type 1 diabetes by testing diabetics for the presence of the bacteria in their blood. (nutritionfacts.org)
This evidence of MAP bacteria in the blood of patients with type 1 diabetes "might provide an important foundation in establishing an infectious etiology," or cause, for type 1 diabetes. (nutritionfacts.org)
In the lab you use the gram staining procedure, a differential staining technique, as a first step in identifying the type of bacteria on a slide. (nursingtermpaper.com)
Some bacteria also shed bound antigen-antibody immune complexes [ 1737 ]. (nanomedicine.com)
If the immune system recognizes the peptides as foreign (such as viral or bacterial peptides), it triggers a response to attack the invading viruses or bacteria. (medlineplus.gov)
Methods are described for increasing levels of healthy vaginal bacteria by treating the vaginal mucosa with bacteriocins derived from Lactobacillus paragasseri, Lactobacillus gasseri, and other bacterial strains. (justia.com)

The new technique works by using bacterial enzymes to cut sugar molecules from the surface of red blood cells. (sott.net)
As there are numerous different types of epimerase enzymes, they all have individual structures. (prospecbio.com)

They have poor antibody responses to polysaccharide antigens but elevated levels of serum immunoglobulin A (IgA) and immunoglobulin E (IgE) with low levels of immunoglobulin M (IgM). (medscape.com)
Description: This MR6F3 antibody recognizes mouse CD206 also known as Macrophage Mannose Receptor (MMR) or Mannose Receptor C, Type 1 (MRC1). (fishersci.com)
Egg-based flu vaccines have been criticized for being inefficient for a number of reasons including poor antibody-antigen binding affinity. (technologynetworks.com)
Antibody bound to worm tegumental antigen causes shedding of the bound complex in ~20 minutes at 37 o C [ 503 ]. (nanomedicine.com)
We report on the preparation of a new type of immunotoxin via in vitro ligation of the αHer2 antigen binding fragment (Fab) of the clinically-validated antibody trastuzumab to the plant toxin gelonin, employing catalysis by the bacterial enzyme sortase A (SrtA). (cipsm.de)
12. Positive result of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis C virus antibody (HCV Ab), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibody, or syphilis at screening. (who.int)

Herniation can sometimes occur in acute bacterial meningitis and other CNS infections as the consequence of severe cerebral edema or acute hydrocephalus. (medscape.com)
For very serious bacterial infections, an injection of aminoglycosides may be used. (adam.com)
Bacterial infections of respiratory and gastrointestinal mucosae : based on a symposium of the SGM held in September 1987 / edited by W. Donachie, E. Griffiths, J. Stephen. (who.int)
Chronic bacterial infections, often beginning in the first decade of life, are restricted to the respiratory tract and extend from the upper to the lower airway. (lu.se)

Dot-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Dot-ELISA) for detection of pneumococcal polysaccharide antigens in pleural fluid effusion samples. (scielo.br)
Comparison with bacterial culture, counterimmunoelectrophoresis and latex agglutination Dot-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Dot-ELISA) for detection of pneumococcal polysaccharide antigens in pleural fluid effusion samples. (scielo.br)

Results from rapid antigen tests are usually available within 10-15 minutes. (anylabtestnow.com)
While lab tests like sputum microscopy and culture, rapid antigen tests and gene amplification tests are the cornerstone for the identification of causative organisms in pneumonia, there have been attempts to do this differentiation based on CT scans of the chest. (thehealthcareblog.com)

As with other types of pneumonia, Legionnaires' disease poses the greatest threat to people who are elderly, ill, or immunocompromised. (jrank.org)
A dot-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Dot-ELISA) for pneumococcal antigen detection was standardized in view of the need for a rapid and accurate immunodiagnosis of acute pneumococcal pneumonia. (scielo.br)
A total of 442 pleural fluid effusion samples (PFES) from children with clinical and laboratory diagnoses of acute bacterial pneumonia, plus 38 control PFES from tuberculosis patients and 20 negative control serum samples from healthy children were evaluated by Dot-ELISA. (scielo.br)
People with bacterial pneumonia need an antibiotic that is effective against the organism causing the disease. (adam.com)
The attached figure shows the breakdown of the training and test data by etiology - note that the COVID-19 cases (1,165) far outweigh the number of confirmed viral pneumonia (24) and confirmed bacterial pneumonia (72) cases. (thehealthcareblog.com)

Bacterial pathogenesis is triggered by complex molecular mechanisms that sense bacterial density within an infected host and induce the expression of toxins for overriding the immune response. (cipsm.de)
CD324 functions as a cell adhesion molecule involved in development, bacterial pathogenesis, and tumor invasion. (biolegend.com)
In bacterial pathogenesis, the ectodomain of CD324 mediates bacterial adhesion to mammalian cells, while the cytoplasmic domain is required for internalization. (biolegend.com)

For specific immunocompromising conditions (e.g., asplenia), such patients may be at higher risk for certain diseases, and additional vaccines, particularly bacterial polysaccharide vaccines {Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib), pneumococcal and meningococcal}, are recommended for them. (cdc.gov)
The new generation of whole-cell vaccines is based on an unencapsulated serotype that allows the expression of many bacterial antigens at a lower cost than a recombinant vaccine. (mdpi.com)
The goal of this study was to identify protective antigens for future development of ETEC vaccines. (k-state.edu)
This retrospective analysis of reported cases of meningitis in Bahrain aimed to assess the trend in the incidence of bacterial meningitis from 1990 to 2013, before and after the introduction of new vaccines. (who.int)
Live recombinant vaccines that use attenuated viruses (or bacterial strains) as vectors for immunogens are another alternative. (technologynetworks.com)
DNA vaccines take the DNA which encodes a particular antigen and injects it directly into the muscle or skin. (technologynetworks.com)

The most severe manifestations occur within the first 2 years of life as various types of severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID). (medscape.com)
Contrary to type II and type III Bare lymphocyte syndrome, which are characterized by the early onset of Severe Combined Immunodeficiency, class I antigen deficiencies are not accompanied by particular pathologic manifestations during the first years of life, although chronic lung disease develops in late childhood. (lu.se)

Presence of endogenous Rab28 in addition to an antigen of 31 kDa corresponding to TbRab28HA (29 kDa) was detected in recombinant Rab28 cells. (estme.org)

In cells of the mammalian immune system, PI3K is activated by receptors for antigen, cytokines, costimulatory molecules, and so on. (frontiersin.org)
The blood cells of people with group A and B blood contain one of two different sugar molecules - known as antigens - which can trigger an immune system response. (sott.net)
The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)
Instead of detecting a single specific protein associated with the invader, they detect repetitive molecules linked together, such as those found in a bacterial cell wall or viral capsid. (nationaljewish.org)
This process has been studied for many years using synthetic molecules as model antigens. (nationaljewish.org)

Spectra 10+Lyme vaccine is a combination of immunogenic, attenuated strains of CDV, CAV2, CPIV, and CPV type 2b, propagated in cell line tissue cultures. (stockmanfeedswesternwear.com)

Cellular Components of the Immune System The immune system consists of cellular components and molecular components that work together to destroy antigens. (msdmanuals.com)
Prognosis varies according to the type of infecting organism and whether the patient's immune system is suppressed. (adam.com)

The goal of this study was to determine how bacterial effectors inhibit type I interferon production. (k-state.edu)
Addressing the two different types of T-helper cells has been the focus of work by Paul Cheney, M.D. His protocols are designed to stimulate Th1 and inhibit Th2. (ppt-health.com)

Here we demonstrate that Cd44v7 -deficient T cells - like Cd44 wild-type ( Cd44 WT ) T cells - provoked disease in two different colitis models: the model induced by CD4 + CD45RB high T-cell transfer into Rag2 -deficient mice and a new model based on ovalbumin (OVA)-specific T-cell transfer into Rag -sufficient, OVA-challenged mice. (nature.com)
In contrast to CD44s, the CD44 isoforms containing variable regions are expressed only in distinct epithelial cell types (e.g., keratinocytes), activated immune cells, and several types of cancers. (nature.com)
13 Furthermore, OPN promotes T-helper type 1 (Th1) responses during chronic intestinal inflammation in mice and is significantly increased in the serum of patients with IBD, suggesting that the CD44-OPN system is deregulated in these patients. (nature.com)

Two bacterial virulence factors are required for effective induction of apoptosis by extracellular GAS: (i) hyaluronic acid capsule that inhibits bacterial internalization and (ii) secreted cytolysin, streptolysin O (SLO), that forms. (lu.se)
Two bacterial virulence factors are required for effective induction of apoptosis by extracellular GAS: (i) hyaluronic acid capsule that inhibits bacterial internalization and (ii) secreted cytolysin, streptolysin O (SLO), that forms transmembrane pores that permit extracellular calcium influx into the cytosol. (lu.se)
Induction of keratinocyte apoptosis by wild-type GAS was accompanied by cell detachment and loss of epithelial integrity, a phenomenon not observed with GAS deficient in capsule or SLO. (lu.se)

Thus, administration of flagellin, and perhaps other pathobiont antigens, may confer some protection against chronic inflammatory diseases. (nature.com)

L'incidence des méningites dues à H. influenzae et N. meningitidis a marqué une nette réduction après l'introduction des vaccins correspondants en 1998 et 2001 respectivement, et S. pneumoniae est devenu l'organisme prédominant après Mycobacterium tuberculosis. (who.int)
After putting two and two together, an idea was put forward in 2006: Could mycobacterium paratuberculosis from cattle be a trigger for type 1 diabetes? (nutritionfacts.org)
However, target antigens of Mycobacterium tuberculosis with the vaccine potential remain elusive. (oncotarget.com)

Bacterial meningitis must be the first and foremost consideration in the differential diagnosis of patients with headache, neck stiffness, fever, and altered mental status. (medscape.com)
Acute bacterial meningitis is a medical emergency, and delays in instituting effective antimicrobial therapy result in increased morbidity and mortality. (medscape.com)
The diagnosis of bacterial meningitis is made by culture of the CSF sample. (medscape.com)
The changing trend in the etiology of bacterial meningitis points to the need to study vaccination programme modifications, such as pneumococcal vaccine for the adult population, especially high-risk groups. (who.int)
To prevent serious neurologic morbidity and death, prompt institution of antibiotic therapy is essential when the diagnosis of bacterial meningitis is suspected. (medscape.com)
Long delays may occur in the emergency department before initiation of antibiotics in patients with suspected bacterial meningitis. (medscape.com)
At presentation, meningitis due to N meningitidis may be impossible to differentiate from other types of meningitis. (medscape.com)
The use of dexamethasone in the management of bacterial meningitis in adults remains controversial. (medscape.com)
In adults with suspected bacterial meningitis, especially in high-risk cases, the adjunctive use of dexamethasone may be beneficial. (medscape.com)

HS) serotyping antigen and the flagella protein FlaA short variable region (SVR). (cdc.gov)
The bacterial virulence factor NleA inhibits cellular protein secretion by disrupting mammalian COPII function. (k-state.edu)
Bacterial effector binding to ribosomal protein S3 subverts NF-B function. (k-state.edu)
Furthermore, we found that co-expression of YadA and down-regulation of the O-antigen at 37°C is required to allow efficient internalization by the InvA protein. (uni-muenchen.de)
A plausible guess is "molecular mimicry, whereby a foreign antigen (bacterial or viral) provokes an immune response, which cross-reacts" with a similar-looking protein on our pancreas such that when we attack the bug, our own organ gets caught in the cross-fire. (nutritionfacts.org)
Together, they form a functional protein complex called the HLA-DR antigen-binding heterodimer. (medlineplus.gov)

Pneumococcal omniserum diluted at 1:200 was employed in this assay for antigen detection. (scielo.br)
Pneumococcal omniserum proved to be an optimal polyvalent antiserum for the detection of pneumococcal antigen by Dot-ELISA. (scielo.br)

The goal of this study is to characterize a glycosyltransferase associated with bacterial virulence. (k-state.edu)

MLST is especially suitable for the investigation of Elucidation of the epidemiology of this zoonosis is compli- diverse bacterial populations that have weakly clonal popula- cated by the sporadic nature of the disease (8), along with the tion structures (13,16,17). (cdc.gov)

Antibiotic treatment is determined by several factors, including: the type of organism present (based on actual information or best estimation depending on risk factors), the person's history of antibiotic therapy, the person's immune status, the presence of coexisting diseases, and whether hospitalization is needed. (adam.com)
Abnormal production of these cells may also be observed in clinical states in which production of abnormal cell types is pathologically excessive (eg, lymphoproliferative diseases such as lymphoma and leukemia) or in immunodeficiency disorders in which production is aberrantly low. (medscape.com)

The researchers found that the TLR ligand spurred other cells to release type I interferon. (nationaljewish.org)

When a T cell encounters bacterial products, either directly or via presentation by a special antigen-presenting cell, it is sensitized to recognize the material as foreign, and, once sensitized, it possesses an immunologic memory. (britannica.com)
CONCLUSION: Repetitive organic dust exposure significantly decreases markers of antigen presentation and host defense function in MDMs. (cdc.gov)

In mammalian cells, there are three types of PI3K with distinct substrate specificities. (frontiersin.org)

Therefore, some investigators have used antigen preparations, such as trichophyton, intended for the diagnosis and/or treatment of immediate type hypersensitivity reactions. (cdc.gov)

CD206 is a 175-kDa, type 1 integral membrane glycoprotein receptor that is present in macrophages, some dendritic cells, as well as liver and lymphoid endothelial cells. (fishersci.com)
So the researchers decided to inject mice with the synthetic antigen plus a molecule that binds an innate receptor, known as TLR ligand. (nationaljewish.org)

Molecular data confirmed the identity of a spaC -type Erysipelothrix sp. (int-res.com)

In contrast, responses to antigens administered by a Mantoux-type procedure, in which a known quantity of a known concentration of a standardized antigen is deposited in the skin, may be more accurate indicators of a waning or increasing cellular hypersensitivity. (cdc.gov)
Bacterial cell components appear to be driving these impaired responses. (cdc.gov)
Soluble adult worm antigen preparation (SWAP) triggers release of cytokine IL-10 from peripheral blood mononuclear cells from both healthy and infected individuals [ 505 ], and the IL-10 then suppresses lymphoproliferative responses to SWAP by 90-100% [ 504 ]. (nanomedicine.com)
The protection elicited by WH121/DMT is attributed to the WH121-specific Th1-type biased immune responses, characterized by increased antigen-specific IgG2a/IgG1 ratio and high levels of IFN-γ secreted by the splenocytes of vaccinated mice. (oncotarget.com)

Three types of influenza virus are known to affect humans: A, B, and C. Type A influenza has subtypes determined by the surface antigens hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA). (cdc.gov)

BPRPs bind to streptococcal adhesion antigen I/II (antigen c) where the longer BPRPs would neutralize acids better at sites of acid production. (umich.edu)

Different subclasses of IgG neutralize bacterial toxins, activate complement, and enhance phagocytosis by opsonization. (medscape.com)

IgG deficiencies may occur as isolated deficiencies (eg, selective IgG deficiency) or in association with deficiencies of other immunoglobulin types. (medscape.com)
For information on deficiencies of other immunoglobulin types, see the Medscape Reference articles IgA Deficiency, IgD Deficiency, and IgM Deficiency. (medscape.com)

and intracellular bacterial killing were significantly decreased with ODE-challenged versus control MDMs. (cdc.gov)

We here identify and characterize some of the specific bacterial targets and show a unique inhibition of the azoreductase family. (cipsm.de)
These findings demonstrate that multistage-specific antigens might be promising targets for the next generation TB vaccine, and a combination of these antigens such as WH121/DMT is required for further preclinical evaluation. (oncotarget.com)

People with AB blood have both types of molecule, while those with group O blood have neither. (sott.net)

My laboratory is interested in understanding, treating, and preventing diarrheal disease caused by bacterial pathogens. (k-state.edu)
The goal of this study was to define how bacterial pathogens exploit eukaryotic secretory pathways. (k-state.edu)
Regulation of type III secretion hierarchy of translocators and effectors in attaching and effacing bacterial pathogens. (k-state.edu)

Alliance Analytical, Inc. specializes in providing instrumentation solutions for an array of diverse laboratory types. (biosciregister.com)

Beta-lactam antibiotics (such as penicillin) interfere with bacterial cell walls. (adam.com)

When compared with standard bacterial culture, counterimmunoelectrophoresis and latex agglutination techniques, the Dot-ELISA results showed relative indices of 0.940 to sensitivity, 0.830 to specificity and 0.760 to agreement. (scielo.br)

There are two different types of T-helper cells that defend against different organisms: T-helper 1 cells target organisms that invade cells, such as viruses. (ppt-health.com)

These findings were consistent with spaC -type Erysipelothrix sp. (int-res.com)
Post-mortem and histological findings suggest a bacterial septicaemia similar to haemorrhagic septicaemia caused by P. multocida. (bvsalud.org)
The commonly referred to "typical" bacterial pneumonias are known to present with findings such as classic lobar consolidation, air bronchograms, centrilobular nodules and in some cases, pleural effusions. (thehealthcareblog.com)

Even though the concentration of antigen loaded onto such devices may be consistent from lot to lot, the amount of antigen deposited in the skin is unknown and may vary because of the nature of the subject's skin and the method of administration. (cdc.gov)

A well-balanced system of immune attack and immune tolerance mechanisms in response to these antigens is necessary for the maintenance of gut homeostasis. (nature.com)

The 16S rRNA, gyrase B ( gyrB ), and surface protective antigen ( spa ) genes were amplified and sequenced from bacterial colonies excised from paraffin-embedded tissue sections using laser capture microdissection. (int-res.com)

Anatomy21

Organisms16

Diseases5

Chemicals and Drugs151

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment34

Phenomena and Processes27

Disciplines and Occupations1

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Proteins8

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Infection13

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Pneumonia5

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Presentation2

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