Tumours cell line tumor. Medical search. Frequent questions

In clinical use, gemcitabine is active against a variety of solid tumours such as cancers of the pancreas, lung, head and neck, bladder, breast, and ovary. (biomedcentral.com)
Both receptors belong to the TAM (TYRO3, AXL and MER - MER proto-oncogene, tyrosine kinase) receptor tyrosine kinase family, which emerged as new potential targets in many oncological diseases, from leukaemia to solid tumours ( Graham et al, 2014 ). (nature.com)
Additionally, M2 macrophages have been traditionally thought of as being the predominant macrophage phenotype in solid tumours (tumour-associated macrophages). (ersjournals.com)
This study shows the hypermethylation profile of RASSF genes in leukaemias is distinct from that of solid tumours and represents the first report of inactivation of RASSF6 or RASSF10 in cancer. (biomedcentral.com)

Evolution of the initial tumour cell may occur by two methods: Sequentially ordered mutations accumulate in driver genes, tumour suppressor genes, and DNA repair enzymes, resulting in clonal expansion of tumour cells. (wikipedia.org)
A major challenge however is the translation of these findings to new biological insight due to the difficulty in evaluating whether these candidate genes drive tumour progression. (nottingham.ac.uk)
Using the genetic amenability of Drosophila melanogaster we generated tumours with specific genotypes in the living animal and carried out a detailed systematic loss-of-function analysis to identify numerous conserved genes that enhance or suppress epithelial tumour progression. (nottingham.ac.uk)
In addition, their osteogenic differentiation potential was increased, and genes involved in cell adhesion, FGF-2 signalling, cell cycle, stemness, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation were upregulated, compared to that of the MSCs cultured on uncoated plates. (hindawi.com)
Study of single nucleotide polymorphisms of tumor necrosis factors and HSP genes in Nasopharyngeal carcinoma in North East India. (gitam.edu)
CMTM4 is a member of this family and is located at chromosome 16q22.1, a locus that harbours a number of tumour suppressor genes. (biomedcentral.com)
In vivo , CWO induced transcriptional changes in immune-related genes, resulting in cytotoxic T cell-dependent tumor regression. (biorxiv.org)
Global Gene Expression Profiling and Tissue Microarray Reveal Novel Candidate Genes and Down-Regulation of the Tumor Suppressor Gene CAV1 in Sporadic Vestibular Schwannomas. (uib.no)
The Ras-assocation family (RASSF) of tumour suppressor genes (TSGs) contains 10 members that encode proteins containing Ras-assocation (RA) domains. (biomedcentral.com)
When protooncogenes are altered or amplification occurs as a result of DNA damage (such as carcinogen exposure), the proteins produced by these genes might affect the cell's development, proliferation, and survival, potentially leading to the creation of a malignant tumour. (alliedacademies.org)
Proto-oncogenes are regular genes in our bodies that assist regulate cell division, growth, and even death rates. (alliedacademies.org)
Howard's concept for the origin of cancer genes (who had properly anticipated many parts of current understanding of the molecular modifications necessary for the formation of malignant tumours) has proven correct on all three major elements. (alliedacademies.org)
To begin with, mutations are important in transforming proto oncogenes to oncogenes and inactivating tumour suppressor genes. (alliedacademies.org)
The discovery that oncogenes are mutated forms of normal cell genes (proto-oncogenes) drew attention to proto-oncogenes' roles in normal cells and the nature of the molecular changes that turn proto-oncogenes into oncogenes [ 2 , 3 ]. (alliedacademies.org)
Completely unregulated expression of oncogenes and tumour-suppressor genes has been studied extensively in tumour growth for centuries. (alliedacademies.org)
Total RNA from tumors the expression of thousands of genes (3) to address complex questions was isolated using two successive rounds of Trizol. (lu.se)

The long-term mutational accumulation may provide a selective advantage during certain stages of tumour progression. (wikipedia.org)
A vast amount of research exists on the possible molecular mechanisms through which vitamin D affects cancer cell proliferation, cancer progression, angiogenesis, and inflammation. (mdpi.com)
Consequently it is imperative that we improve our understanding of the molecular mechanisms that underlie progression of tumour growth towards malignancy. (nottingham.ac.uk)
There is increasing interest in the role played by the innate and adaptive immune systems in the regulation of tumour development and progression 2 , 3 and it is anticipated that a better understanding of the molecular and cellular immunology of NSCLC will lead to the identification of novel targets for immunotherapy. (ersjournals.com)
The role of macrophage phenotypes in tumour progression has been extensively reviewed 6 - 10 . (ersjournals.com)
The effects of CMTM4 on cellular apoptosis and cell cycle progression were analysed by flow cytometry, and cell cycle hallmarks were detected by western blotting and RT-PCR. (biomedcentral.com)
Background Phenotypic changes during cancer progression are associated to alterations in gene expression, which can be exploited to build molecular signatures for tumor stage identification and prognosis. (biorxiv.org)
Conclusions Our analyses reveal new signatures based on transcript isoform abundances that characterize tumor phenotypes and their progression independently of gene expression. (biorxiv.org)
Although tumors originate primarily from genetic lesions, their progression involves other molecular transformations, which are related to the activation of specific aggressive phenotypes, like tumor spread and metastasis, and are often reflected in gene expression changes [ 4 , 5 ]. (biorxiv.org)
This prompts the question of whether transcript isoform changes, which remain largely unexplored as predictive signatures of tumor stage and survival, could hold relevant novel mechanisms of tumor progression. (biorxiv.org)
Our analyses revealed new signatures that characterize tumor phenotypes and their progression largely independent of gene expression. (biorxiv.org)

In the present study, the relation between deoxycytidine kinase (dCK) activity and the radiosensitising effect of gemcitabine was investigated in eight different human tumour cell lines. (biomedcentral.com)

Since, apoptosis induced by PDT treatment plays an important role in determining the photodynamic efficacy, in the present work we have investigated the role of apoptotic cell death in relation to the observed differences in sensitivity to HpD-PDT between a human glioma cell line (BMG-1) carrying wild-type tumour suppressor gene p53 and a human squamous carcinoma cell line (4451) with mutated p53. (elsevierpure.com)
It was also shown that inhibition of the p16 tumour suppressor gene delays growth arrest and therefore senescence of MSC [ 16 ]. (hindawi.com)
Third, reverse transcription is responsible for the insertion of oncogenes into retroviral genomes as well as some proto-oncogene and tumour suppressor gene alterations in non-virus induced cancers. (alliedacademies.org)

A minimal level of intra-tumour heterogeneity is a simple consequence of the imperfection of DNA replication: whenever a cell (normal or cancerous) divides, a few mutations are acquired-leading to a diverse population of cancer cells. (wikipedia.org)
The heterogeneity of cancer cells introduces significant challenges in designing effective treatment strategies. (wikipedia.org)
These are the cancer stem cell model and the clonal evolution model. (wikipedia.org)
The cancer stem cell model asserts that within a population of tumour cells, there is only a small subset of cells that are tumourigenic (able to form tumours). (wikipedia.org)
These cells are termed cancer stem cells (CSCs), and are marked by the ability to both self-renew and differentiate into non-tumourigenic progeny. (wikipedia.org)
Evidence of the cancer stem cell model has been demonstrated in multiple tumour types including leukemias, glioblastoma, breast cancer, and prostate cancer. (wikipedia.org)
Upregulation of stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD), which synthesises monounsaturated fatty acids, is required for cancer cells to proliferate in a lipid-depleted environment, and CR also impairs tumour SCD activity to cause an imbalance between unsaturated and saturated fatty acids to slow tumour growth. (nature.com)
Enforcing cancer cell SCD expression or raising circulating lipid levels through a higher-fat CR diet confers resistance to the effects of CR. (nature.com)
Fig. 3: Increased SCD activity is required for cancer cells to adapt to exogenous lipid limitation. (nature.com)
The key now is to use drug and prodrug nanoparticles to target these receptors and cut off the energy supply of the cancer cells. (nottingham.ac.uk)
David Needham, Professor of Translational Therapeutics in the School of Pharmacy at the University of Nottingham and Professor of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science at Duke University has been working on developing new, more clinically-effective, formulations of a common metabolic inhibitor (niclosamide) that cuts off the energy of cells and could be modified as a treatment for a number of diseases - including cancer. (nottingham.ac.uk)
Professor Needham, who has been investigating this drug as a possible treatment for cancer for a number of years and has been driving research in this area and is co-author on this study, said: "We know that niclosamide works by turning down the dimmer switch on host cells in the body, like in the nose as a preventative for COVID19 and other infections. (nottingham.ac.uk)
The availability of the soft tissue melanoma cell line, the SCID mouse xenograft tumour system as well as autologous TILs described herein would provide useful materials for identifying T-cell-defined antigens as well as a model system for devising individualised cancer biotherapeutic strategies. (tmu.edu.tw)
This cell line can also be used for further studies aimed at uncovering the histogenesis of this rare cancer. (tmu.edu.tw)
We conducted a systematic review of the literature on the effects of vitamin D on ovarian cancer cell. (mdpi.com)
Establishment and characterization of two primary breast cancer cell lines from young Indian breast cancer patients mutation analysis. (gitam.edu)
There is a marked survival advantage for patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) expressing high numbers of macrophages in their tumour islets. (ersjournals.com)
Macrophages infiltrating the tumour islets in nonsmall cell lung cancer were predominantly of the M1 phenotype in patients with extended survival. (ersjournals.com)
Nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide. (ersjournals.com)
The M1 phenotype (classically activated) macrophages are thought to be induced by interferon-γ, with or without lipopolysaccharide and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and exert a cytotoxic effect against cancer cells. (ersjournals.com)
Monocytes activated by tumour-derived microvesicles from pancreatic, colon and lung cancer cell lines have been found to show increased expression of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR and a resulting increase in production of reactive oxygen intermediates and TNF-α 11 . (ersjournals.com)
We tested an essential-oil derivative, camphor white oil (CWO), for anti-tumor activity in a mouse model of keratinocyte-derived skin cancer. (biorxiv.org)
This finding brings us one step closer to better understanding how tumors and cancer form at the cellular level. (webindia123.com)
Methods Using information theory and machine learning methods, we integrated RNA sequencing and clinical data from The Cancer Genome Atlas project to perform the first systematic analysis of the prognostic potential of transcript isoforms in 12 solid tumors to build new predictive signatures for stage and prognosis. (biorxiv.org)
We investigated the predictive potential of the relative abundances of transcript isoforms for tumor staging and clinical outcome in 12 different tumor types, integrating RNA sequencing and clinical annotation data for 12 tumor types from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) project. (biorxiv.org)
Knowledge about the relative abundance of transcript isoforms in tumors can potentially help predicting stage and clinical outcome and contribute towards current molecular strategies in precision cancer medicine. (biorxiv.org)
Patient-focused investigations are being complemented with functional studies on cancer cell lines to distinguish driver from passenger mutations and to gain insights into molecular pathways of carcinogenesis. (edu.au)
Molecularly-annotated cancer cell lines are further being used to explore the efficacy of novel drug therapies, both as single-agents and in combination with standard therapies. (edu.au)
Genotype-Tailored ERK/MAPK Pathway and HDAC Inhibition Rewires the Apoptotic Rheostat to Trigger Colorectal Cancer Cell Death. (edu.au)
To further these goals we developed a specific array platform, this array was based upon extensive sequencing of prostate tumour samples and contains approximately 90,000 probesets, many of which are specific to prostate cancer. (almacgroup.com)
Many efforts have been undertaken to understand the causal function of activated oncogenes in cancer formation since their discovery in human tumours. (alliedacademies.org)
This novel cancer model is consistent with the fact that, in human malignancies, all malignant cells carry the same beginning oncogenic genetic mutations, regardless of cellular heterogeneity within the tumour [ 1 ]. (alliedacademies.org)
Some breast cancer and ovarian cancer cells include the HER2 oncogene. (alliedacademies.org)
The role of proto-oncogenes in normal cell growth and differentiation, as well as the idea that oncogene proteins could be used as new targets for cancer chemotherapy, are both current research topics that are direct outgrowths of Howard's important contributions to cancer research. (alliedacademies.org)
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for approximately 85% of all lung cancers. (medscape.com)
Non-small cell lung cancer. (medscape.com)
Go to Small Cell Lung Cancer for complete information on this topic. (medscape.com)
The TNM (tumor-node-metastasis) staging system from the American Joint Committee for Cancer Staging and End Results Reporting is used for all lung carcinomas except small-cell lung cancer. (medscape.com)
Targeting the cell cycle has been proposed as a therapeutic strategy in cancer treatment with special interest in the mitotic phase. (lu.se)
The goal of our study is to further characterise ependymal tumours with insights from incidence and survival data derived from population-based cancer registries in the United States. (cdc.gov)
The CBTRUS analytic file consists of population-based incidence data on all primary brain and CNS tumours collected by 49 central cancer registries ( Dolecek et al , 2012 ). (cdc.gov)
arations verified the presence of cancer cells in all samples. (lu.se)
Patients diagnosed with locally advanced/metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after prior chemotherapy. (who.int)

Tumour heterogeneity describes the observation that different tumour cells can show distinct morphological and phenotypic profiles, including cellular morphology, gene expression, metabolism, motility, proliferation, and metastatic potential. (wikipedia.org)
Consequently, safer and more efficient therapy options are urgently needed, especially for the treatment of metastatic tumors refractory to conventional treatments. (helsinki.fi)
Results Transcript isoform signatures accurately separate early from late stage and metastatic from non-metastatic tumors, and are predictive of the survival of patients with undetermined lymph node invasion or metastatic status. (biorxiv.org)
A novel brain metastases model developed in immunodeficient rats closely mimics the growth of metastatic brain tumours in patients. (uib.no)
o In combination with bevacizumab, paclitaxel and carboplatin for the first line treatment of adult patients with metastatic non-squamous NSCLC. (who.int)

At the same time, TET1 of glioma U251 cells was knocked down or overexpressed to observe its effect on glioma cell proliferation and invasion as well as autophagy level. (nih.gov)
When TET1 gene in glioma U251 cells was knocked down by CRISPR/Caspase-9 system, the proliferation and invasive ability of U251 increased remarkably. (nih.gov)
But when TET1 was overexpressed in U251 cells, the proliferation and invasion were impaired. (nih.gov)
TYRO3 or AXL gene knockdown reduced cell proliferation/colony formation. (nature.com)
Recent evidence, however, supports a dual role for macrophages in the regulation of tumour proliferation and immune control 10 , 16 , and indicates that the local tissue microenvironment plays a critical role in determining cell phenotypes. (ersjournals.com)
Knockdown of CASP5 greatly inhibited GBM proliferation and resulted in G1 cell cycle arrest along with higher apoptosis ratios in vitro and in vivo, while overexpression led to the opposite phenomenon. (cancerindex.org)
Microtubule-Severing ATPase Spastin in Glioblastoma: Increased Expression in Human Glioblastoma Cell Lines and Inverse Roles in Cell Motility and Proliferation. (uib.no)

These methods suffer from inherent limitations such as the need to control immune response in the transplant animal, and the significant difference in environmental conditions from the primary tumour site to the xenograft site (e.g. absence of required exogenous molecules or cofactors). (wikipedia.org)
Immunostaining revealed that major melanoma-associated antigens, such as S100 protein, HMB-45, melanotransferrin, chondroitin sulphate proteoglycan, and the gangliosides GD2 and GD3, were consistently expressed by the tumour tissue, severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mouse xenograft and derived cell lines. (tmu.edu.tw)
Overexpression of CMTM4 also markedly inhibited the tumour xenograft growth in nude mice. (biomedcentral.com)
In addition, NV651 decreased tumour growth in xenograft-mouse model. (lu.se)

This phenomenon occurs both between tumours (inter-tumour heterogeneity) and within tumours (intra-tumour heterogeneity). (wikipedia.org)
The researchers examined tissue microarrays from intra- and inter-tumour regions of 36 adult and 133 paediatric patients to confirm LDLR as a therapeutic target. (nottingham.ac.uk)

The tumor microenvironment may also contribute to tumour expansion, as it is capable of altering the selective pressures that the tumour cells are exposed to. (wikipedia.org)

Here, we reported that the expression of TET1 in glioma tissue was significantly lower than the corresponding non-tumour normal tissues, and the concentration of TET1 is negatively correlated with the glioma WHO classification. (nih.gov)
Increased serine synthesis provides an advantage for tumors arising in tissues where serine levels are limiting. (nature.com)
Tissue culture commonly refers to the culture of animal cells and tissues, with the more specific term plant tissue culture being used for plants. (wikipedia.org)
[12] He suggested that the potentialities of individual cells via tissue culture as well as that the reciprocal influences of tissues on one another could be determined by this method. (wikipedia.org)
However, MSCs need to be expanded in vitro in order to obtain sufficient cells for clinical trials since they are extremely rare in various tissues. (hindawi.com)
Primary clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and the paired adjacent non-tumour tissues were then collected to examine the expression of CMTM4 by western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and quantitative RT-PCR. (biomedcentral.com)
Western blotting then confirmed that CMTM4 was dramatically reduced in 86.9 % (53/61) of ccRCC tissues compared with the paired adjacent non-tumour tissues, as well as in the 786-O and A498 ccRCC cell lines. (biomedcentral.com)
Furthermore, we described before how solid tumors present frequent changes in the relative abundances of isoforms in comparison to normal tissues [ 11 ]. (biorxiv.org)
We examined the expression level of lncRNA CASP5 in GBM tissues as well as GBM cell lines. (cancerindex.org)
We observed that lncRNA CASP5 was highly expressed in GBM tissues and cell lines. (cancerindex.org)
These include gamma-knife stereotactic radiosurgery and brachytherapy (radioactive seeds or sources are placed in or near the tumor itself, giving a high radiation dose to the tumor while reducing the radiation exposure in the surrounding healthy tissues). (medscape.com)
Cyclophilin overexpression is a common event in fibrotic tissues playing a key role in different stages of the fibrotic process, including inflammation, hepatocyte death, and activation of the hepatic stellate cells leading to increased collagen production. (lu.se)
Tissues and Cells. (lu.se)

Unlike germ cell testicular tumors, Leydig cell neoplasms are not associated with cryptorchidism . (medscape.com)
In the United States, Leydig cell testicular neoplasms are the most common sex cord-stromal tumors and comprise 1-3% of all testicular neoplasms. (medscape.com)
Although researchers have learned much from the study of this diverse group of tumors over the years, the diagnosis and treatment of salivary gland neoplasms remain complex and challenging problems for the head and neck surgeon. (medscape.com)
Salivary gland neoplasms make up 6% of all head and neck tumors. (medscape.com)
Benign neoplasms occur more frequently in women than in men, but malignant tumors are distributed equally between the sexes. (medscape.com)
The most common tumor of the parotid gland is the pleomorphic adenoma , which represents about 60% of all parotid neoplasms, as seen in the image below. (medscape.com)
Almost half of all submandibular gland neoplasms and most sublingual and minor salivary gland tumors are malignant. (medscape.com)
Recent evidence suggests that the bicellular stem cell theory is the more probable etiology of salivary gland neoplasms. (medscape.com)

A reproducible brain tumour model established from human glioblastoma biopsies. (uib.no)

They showed widespread LDLR expression in adult and paediatric cohorts, and, importantly, also categorized the intra-tumour variation observed between the core and either rim or invasive regions of adult High-Grade Gliomas. (nottingham.ac.uk)

It has been reported that TET1 is a tumour suppressor in several cancers. (nih.gov)
Quantification of microenvironmental metabolites in murine cancers reveals determinants of tumor nutrient availability. (nature.com)
CNX is developing lifileucel as a cell therapy for various cancers. (pharmaceutical-technology.com)
A new form of 5-fluorouracil called fluoropyrimidine that has increased activity against malignant cells and while having fewer gastrointestinal side effects has shown to be efficacious against malignant salivary cancers and to potentiate the effects of radiotherapy by increasing apoptosis. (medscape.com)

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a key component in the process of angiogenesis, is known to be produced by tumour-associated macrophages 17 , 18 , which have been traditionally reported as M2 macrophages. (ersjournals.com)

Surgery is the primary treatment of malignant tumors of the salivary glands. (medscape.com)

One reason for this is that markers for CSCs have been difficult to reproduce across multiple tumours. (wikipedia.org)

The differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into multiple cell lineages can be exploited as an attractive strategy for cell-based therapy and regenerative medicine [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
The ECM provides structural and biochemical support to the cells and has various other functions including cell adhesion, cell to cell communication, and differentiation [ 17 , 18 ]. (hindawi.com)
Cell Death & Differentiation. (edu.au)
Tabs, S., and Avci, O. "Induction of the differentiation and apoptosis of tumor cells in vivo with efficiency and selectivity. (lclabs.com)

Cell death caused by PDT (through the generation of reactive oxygen species) can occur either by apoptosis (interphase death or as a secondary event following mitosis) and/or necrosis depending on the cell type, concentration and intracellular localization of the sensitizer, and the light dose. (elsevierpure.com)
PS-3-PDT induced a significantly higher level of apoptosis in BMG-1 cells as compared to 4451 cells. (elsevierpure.com)
However, a decrease was observed at a concentration of 10 μg/ml, possibly due to a shift in the mode of cell death from apoptosis to necrosis. (elsevierpure.com)
Present results show that the higher sensitivity to PS-3-PDT in glioma cells arise on account of a higher level of apoptosis and suggest that induction of apoptosis is an important determinant of photodynamic sensitivity in certain cell types. (elsevierpure.com)
Niclosamide targets not only the energy production in the cells but also triggers other processes that result in what is called, Apoptosis, (self-killing) in the cells. (nottingham.ac.uk)
Sequential activation of caspases plays a central role in the execution-phase of cell apoptosis. (cancerindex.org)
It has been shown to induce apoptosis in both colorectal adenoma- and carcinoma-derived cell lines and in skin basal cell carcinomas. (lclabs.com)
Hedgehog signalling in colorectal tumour cells: induction of apoptosis with cyclopamine treatment. (lclabs.com)
However, Ras proteins can also regulate apoptosis via several recently described effectors, namely the RASSF family of tumour suppressor proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
Doxorubicin- and platinum-based agents are most commonly used with the platinum-based agents that induce apoptosis versus the doxorubicin-based drugs that promote cell arrest. (medscape.com)

Daily topical treatment with CWO induced dramatic regression of pre-malignant skin tumors and a two-fold reduction in cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas. (biorxiv.org)
SUMMARY BLURB Essential oil derived from the camphor tree acts by stimulating immune cell-dependent regression of skin tumors in a mouse model of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. (biorxiv.org)
Histologically, NSCLC is divided into adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (see the image below), and large cell carcinoma. (medscape.com)
A cavitating right lower lobe squamous cell carcinoma. (medscape.com)
Excretory stem cells give rise to squamous cell and mucoepidermoid carcinomas, while intercalated stem cells give rise to pleomorphic adenomas, oncocytomas, adenoid cystic carcinomas, adenocarcinomas, and acinic cell carcinomas. (medscape.com)
Squamous cell carcinomas arise from excretory duct cells, pleomorphic adenomas arise from the intercalated duct cells, oncocytomas arise from the striated duct cells, and acinic cell carcinomas arise from acinar cells. (medscape.com)

In 1907 the zoologist Ross Granville Harrison demonstrated the growth of frog embryonic cells that would give rise to nerve cells in a medium of clotted lymph . (wikipedia.org)
As with germ cell tumors, the route of spread is hematogenous and lymphatic to the retroperitoneal lymph nodes. (medscape.com)
Tumors advance through stages that are generally characterized by their size and spread to lymph nodes and other parts of the body [ 1 ]. (biorxiv.org)
Doses as high as of 60 Gy (1 Gy=100 rad) were needed in stage 3 or 4 tumors that have invaded bone, nerves, or lymph nodes. (medscape.com)

The use of radiation in T1 and T2 parotid gland tumors found that 5-year disease-free survival increased from 70% to 92% with postoperative radiation. (medscape.com)

The establishment and characterisation of paired autologous tumour cell line (MST-1) and tumour-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) culture from a tumour mass of a 14-year-old Taiwanese girl with soft tissue melanoma are described. (tmu.edu.tw)
This observation and the expression of the major melanoma-associated antigens were all indicative of the melanocytic origin of MST-1 tumour. (tmu.edu.tw)
This study was also performed in breast tumors according to estrogen receptor status and melanoma tumors with proliferative and invasive phenotypes. (biorxiv.org)
Furthermore, we show frequent transcript isoform changes in breast tumors according to estrogen receptor status, and in melanoma tumors according to the invasive or proliferative phenotype, and derive accurate predictive models of stage and survival within each patient subgroup. (biorxiv.org)
Proleukin uses interleukin-2 to induce T cell-mediated tumour regression in advanced melanoma. (pharmaceutical-technology.com)

To evaluate the biological behavior of carcinomas in vitro, permanent tumour cell lines are required. (elsevierpure.com)

There are two models used to explain the heterogeneity of tumour cells. (wikipedia.org)
The models are not mutually exclusive, and it is believed that they both contribute to heterogeneity in varying amounts across different tumour types. (wikipedia.org)
The CSC model posits that the heterogeneity observed between tumour cells is the result of differences in the stem cells from which they originated. (wikipedia.org)
This heterogeneity may give rise to subclones that possess an evolutionary advantage over the others within the tumour environment, and these subclones may become dominant in the tumour over time. (wikipedia.org)
This method is more associated with tumour heterogeneity than linear expansion. (wikipedia.org)
Multiple types of heterogeneity have been observed between tumour cells, stemming from both genetic and non-genetic variability. (wikipedia.org)
Genetic heterogeneity is a common feature of tumour genomes, and can arise from multiple sources. (wikipedia.org)

Cell culture or tissue culture is the process by which cells are grown under controlled conditions, generally outside of their natural environment. (wikipedia.org)
After the cells of interest have been isolated from living tissue , they can subsequently be maintained under carefully controlled conditions. (wikipedia.org)
In practice, the term "cell culture" now refers to the culturing of cells derived from multicellular eukaryotes , especially animal cells, in contrast with other types of culture that also grow cells, such as plant tissue culture , fungal culture, and microbiological culture (of microbes ). (wikipedia.org)
The historical development and methods of cell culture are closely interrelated to those of tissue culture and organ culture . (wikipedia.org)
The laboratory technique of maintaining live cell lines (a population of cells descended from a single cell and containing the same genetic makeup) separated from their original tissue source became more robust in the middle 20th century. (wikipedia.org)
Since Haberlandt's original assertions, methods for tissue and cell culture have been realized, leading to significant discoveries in biology and medicine. (wikipedia.org)
Almac sought to identify new biomarkers and drug targets by performing DNA microarray analysis of high Gleason score prostate tumour samples and normal prostate tissue samples. (almacgroup.com)
Tumors form often when oncogenic expression is induced by tissue-specific promoters in genetically modified mouse models, but they regress when the inducing stimulus is turned off, implying that oncogenes are cancer's Achilles' heel (allowing the body to target the disease). (alliedacademies.org)

Displays anti-tumor properties. (lclabs.com)

Prognostic variables in oligodendroglial tumors: a single-institution study of 95 cases. (uib.no)

Stem cell variability is often caused by epigenetic changes, but can also result from clonal evolution of the CSC population where advantageous genetic mutations can accumulate in CSCs and their progeny (see below). (wikipedia.org)
We found that if we eliminate them, through genetic or pharmacological approaches, we delay tumor formation," says lead author Luis Prieto, Ph.D., a postdoctoral fellow and recent graduate of theMayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences. (webindia123.com)

That is, as the size of the gland decreases, the incidence of malignancy of a tumor in the gland increases in approximately these proportions. (medscape.com)

Cyclopamine blocks activation of the Hedgehog response pathway associated with mutations that either activate the proto-oncogene Smoothened (Smo) or inactivate the tumour suppressor Patched (Ptch) both of which encode multipass transmembrane proteins. (lclabs.com)

The study evaluated population-based registry data on cases diagnosed with ependymal tumours defined as histology codes 9383, 9391-9394 in the brain or the central nervous system (CNS) primary sites C70.0-C72.9, C75.1-C75.3 (International Classification of Diseases for Oncology Third Edition (ICD-O-3)) ( Fritz and World Health Organization, 2000 ). (cdc.gov)

The ccRCC cell lines A498 and 786-O and the normal renal tubular epithelial cell line HK-2 were also tested for CMTM4 expression by western blotting. (biomedcentral.com)
however, mechanisms through which these bioactive compounds act on epithelial cells have not been identified. (biorxiv.org)
The epithelial component of DDRD tumors releases chemokines that can account for lymphocytic infiltration. (almacgroup.com)

Syringocystadenoma papilliferum is a rare benign adnexal tumor commonly located on the head and neck region and is usually associated with a nevus sebaceous. (escholarship.org)

Cell survival was determined 7, 8, or 9 days after RT by the sulforhodamine B test. (biomedcentral.com)
CD68 + macrophages expressing markers of a cytotoxic M1 phenotype or a noncytotoxic M2 phenotype were identified in the islets and stroma of surgically resected tumours from 20 patients with extended survival (median 92.7 months) and 20 with poor survival (median 7.7 months), using immunohistochemistry. (ersjournals.com)
Thus, increasing numbers of macrophages within the tumour islets conferred a marked survival advantage, while increased numbers of macrophages in the tumour stroma were associated with worse prognosis. (ersjournals.com)
Age-dependent association between protein expression of the embryonic stem cell marker Cripto-1 and survival of glioblastoma patients. (uib.no)
Data on brain and central nervous system primary malignant and non-malignant ependymal tumours from the Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States analytic data set and primary malignant ependymal tumours from the SEER 13 registries research data file were used to evaluate incidence and survival, respectively. (cdc.gov)
However, children and adolescents, the oldest adult age group, cases diagnosed with anaplastic ependymoma and/or tumour location in a brain site had lowest survival rates. (cdc.gov)

Advances in the molecular characterization of tumors have lead to improvements in stage classification and clinical management of patients [ 3 ]. (biorxiv.org)

MST-1 cells grown in vitro were heterogeneous in morphology, ranging from floating round cells, loosely attached round/oval or elongated cells with prominent pseudopod-like processes, to well-attached spindle and elongated dendritic cells without obvious pseudopods. (tmu.edu.tw)
Unlike embryonic stem cells, adult stem cells (MSCs) have a limited lifespan and stop proliferating during in vitro culture due to replicative senescence [ 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
NV556 treatment in an in vitro 3D human liver Extracellular Matrix (ECM) cultured with a TGFβ1-activated human hepatic stellate cell line led to decreased collagen production. (lu.se)

Background/Aim: Yolk sac tumour (YST) is a rare malignant ovarian germ cell tumour that often occurs in young women or adolescents and exhibits an unfavourable outcome. (elsevierpure.com)
These tumors can be pure or can be mixed with other sex cord-stromal or germ cell tumors. (medscape.com)
Unlike germ cell tumors, however, Leydig cell tumors show relative lack of sensitivity to radiotherapy and chemotherapy agents. (medscape.com)

Scientists from the University of Nottingham and Duke University have discovered that many of the blood vessels that feed high grade glioma brain tumours have high levels of Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) receptors (LDLR) on them. (nottingham.ac.uk)

Together, these studies identify T cell-mediated tumor regression as the mechanism through which a plant-derived essential oil diminishes established tumor burden. (biorxiv.org)

Materials and Methods: We established a novel YST cell line, TC587, from an adolescent patient with ovarian YST. (elsevierpure.com)

When proposed, this model allowed for the understanding of tumour growth, treatment failure, and tumour aggression that occurs during the natural process of tumour formation. (wikipedia.org)
By contrast, although KD also impairs tumour SCD activity, KD-driven increases in lipid availability maintain the unsaturated to saturated fatty acid ratios in tumours, and changing the KD fat composition to increase tumour saturated fatty acid levels cooperates with decreased tumour SCD activity to slow tumour growth. (nature.com)
These data suggest that diet-induced mismatches between tumour fatty acid desaturation activity and the availability of specific fatty acid species determine whether low glycaemic diets impair tumour growth. (nature.com)
Fig. 1: CR, but not the KD, impairs growth of PDAC allograft tumours. (nature.com)
Fig. 4: Low glycaemic diets impair tumour SCD, which interacts with changes in lipid availability to affect tumour growth. (nature.com)
Cellular senescence refers to active cells that eventually enter a state of irreversible growth arrest. (hindawi.com)
Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and viable cell counting assays were used to delineate the growth curves of 786-O cells after CMTM4 overexpression or knockdown. (biomedcentral.com)
Restoration of CMTM4 significantly suppressed 786-O cell growth by inducing G2/M cell cycle arrest and p21 upregulation, and cell migration was also inhibited. (biomedcentral.com)
In a newCancer Cellstudy, researchers discovered senescent macrophages in the lung that not only lingered but also promoted tumor growth. (webindia123.com)
Dr. Baker and his colleagues found that senescent macrophages appear to block the immune system from being able to respond to and eliminate the abnormal growth of cells. (webindia123.com)
In turn, the senescent cells then appeared to alter the surrounding area in a way that promoted tumor growth. (webindia123.com)
This work helped them identify lung macrophages as a key cell type driving tumor growth. (webindia123.com)
Oncogene expression and their possible function in immune cell abnormalities during carcinogenesis and tumour growth, however, have not even been adequately investigated [ 4 ]. (alliedacademies.org)

Gliomas are the most common primary brain tumours and originate from the glial cells of the brain. (nottingham.ac.uk)

Chromosome analysis revealed all cells at a hypotetraploid level with several clonal chromosome aberrations, including deletions at 10p and 12q, an addition at 12q, translocations t(1;14) and t(5;6). (tmu.edu.tw)

Cellular senescence, which is morphologically characterized by an enlarged and flattened cell shape, was first described by Hayflick [ 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
WHO grade II tumours grouped as 'ependymoma' include cellular ependymoma, clear cell ependymoma, tanycytic ependymoma and papillary ependymoma. (cdc.gov)

Results: The cell line expressed AFP and SALL4, the characteristics of YST. (elsevierpure.com)
Through their hormonal balance, these cells play an important role in the development of secondary male characteristics and spermatogenesis. (medscape.com)
We are conducting next-generation sequencing and microarray studies involving Australian and international patient cohorts to define molecular signatures associated with tumour characteristics and outcome. (edu.au)
This is often combined with postoperative radiation therapy, depending on the specific tumor characteristics and stage. (medscape.com)

The degree of radiosensitisation was also cell line dependent and seemed to correlate with the sensitivity of the cell line to the cytotoxic effect of dFdC. (biomedcentral.com)

Spinal cord/cauda equina was the primary site at diagnosis for 50-60% of ependymal tumours in adult age groups in contrast to about 20% in children and adolescents. (cdc.gov)

For example, an excessive stimulation of Leydig cells with luteinizing hormone due to a disorder of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis may induce their oncogenesis. (medscape.com)

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess great therapeutic potential. (hindawi.com)
Analysis of peripheral nerve regeneration after transection on the model of rat caudal nerve using tubulization and mesenchymal stem cells. (sav.sk)

Using paclitaxel (Taxol), another antimicrotubule drug, alone has had moderate activity against mucoepidermoid tumors and adenocarcinomas but no effect adenoid cystic carcinoma. (medscape.com)

Conceptually, the idea that a macrophage can become senescent and be tumor-promoting is unexpected," saysDarren Baker, Ph.D.,a Mayo Clinic senescent cell biologist and senior author of the study. (webindia123.com)
Then, it started to make a lot more sense about how senescent macrophage cells can influence other cells, the environment and the immune system in this case," Dr. Baker says. (webindia123.com)

Interleukin-2 (IL-2) expanded TILs had the predominant CD8 + phenotype and the capacity to lyse cells of the cultured autologous tumour. (tmu.edu.tw)

Most tumors (65%) are benign, with hemangiomas being the most common, followed by pleomorphic adenomas. (medscape.com)

If one removes tumor suppressors regulating senescent cells, one would expect to have more tumors, but it actually just happened to have the opposite results. (webindia123.com)
There were fewer tumors in the absence of those tumor suppressors. (webindia123.com)

Estrogen excess and feminizing syndromes may occur from the peripheral aromatization of testosterone or from the direct production of estradiol by the tumor itself. (medscape.com)
An estimated 700 deaths (0.4 per 100,000 for males and 0.2 per 100,000 for females) related to salivary gland tumors occur annually. (medscape.com)

Simultaneously, they also activate the dormant host's immune system to fight against the tumor. (helsinki.fi)
The focus of this thesis was to develop and characterize several genetically modified oncolytic adenoviruses expressing either OX40L alone or OX40L and CD40L, two co-stimulatory molecules capable of engaging both the innate and adaptive arms of the immune system to fight the tumor. (helsinki.fi)
Despite the fact that proto-oncogenes are expressed in all cells, including immune cells, abnormalities in proto-oncogenes have been thoroughly characterised and analysed mostly in tumour cells. (alliedacademies.org)

Intramedullary spinal cord and filum tumours-long-term outcome: single institution case series. (uib.no)
These tumours are derived from ependymal cells that line cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-filled ventricles, spinal canal and filum terminale ( Del Bigio, 1995 ). (cdc.gov)

Conclusion: The newly established TC587 cell line may represent an effective tool for developing treatments and conducting molecular analyses for YST. (elsevierpure.com)
The molecular interaction relationships between TME cells, such as MIF-CD44 and TNFSF9-TNFRSF9, might be an attractive target for developing novel immunotherapeutic agents. (elifesciences.org)

We could confirm the increased polyploidy upon Mps1 inhibition in neuroblastoma cell lines and PDX model, leading to mitotic catastrophe activating the caspase-dependent mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. (lu.se)

Ependymal tumours range in WHO grade classification from I-III ( Louis, 2007 ). (cdc.gov)

Anatomy22

Organisms11

Diseases74

Chemicals and Drugs56

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment47

Phenomena and Processes52

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science4

Health Care4

Solid tumours4

Genes16

Progression11

Human tumour cell lines1

Suppressor gene3

Cancer43

Metastatic5

Proliferation7

Xenograft4

Inter-tumour2

Contribute to tumour1

Tissues13

Neoplasms8

Brain tumour1

Intra-tumour1

Cancers4

Angiogenesis1

Malignant tumors1

Multiple tumours1

Differentiation4

Apoptosis10

Squamous6

Lymph4

Parotid gland1

Melanoma5

Carcinomas1

Heterogeneity7

Tissue8

Anti-tumor1

Prognostic1

Genetic2

Malignancy1

Proto-oncogene1

Oncology1

Epithelial3

Head and neck1

Survival6

Characterization1

Vitro3

Germ cell3

Glioma1

Regression1

Ovarian1

Growth13

Originate1

Clonal1

Cellular2

Characteristics4

Cytotoxic1

Adult1

Induce1

Mesenchymal stem2

Mucoepidermoid1

Macrophage2

Predominant1

Benign1

Suppressors2

Occur2

Immune3

Filum2

Molecular2

Inhibition1

Classification1