• C: Tumor either Stage IA or Stage IB, but with tumor on the surface of one or both ovaries, or with capsule ruptured, or with ascites containing malignant cells or with positive peritoneal washings. (medscape.com)
  • A worldwide database analysis revealed that younger age, smaller tumor size, early stage, and granulosa cell tumor histologic type appear to be independent prognostic factors for improved survival in patients with malignant sex cord-stromal tumors who undergo lymph node dissection. (medscape.com)
  • The ovaries consist of different types of tissue ( epithelial , germ cells, and sex cord tissue), which may give rise to benign or malignant tumors . (amboss.com)
  • Malignant ovarian lesions include primary lesions arising from normal structures within the ovary and secondary lesions from cancers arising elsewhere in the body. (medscape.com)
  • Pseudolymphoma is characterized by a benign infiltration of lymphoid cells or histiocytes which microscopically resembles a malignant lymphoma. (lookformedical.com)
  • The stroma of the ovary may contain interstitial cells resembling those of the testis. (wikipedia.org)
  • Stromal tumors of the ovary include germ-cell tumors, sex-cord stromal tumors, and other more rare types. (medscape.com)
  • In this review, we highlighted some of the main gene networks and regulatory mechanisms involved in the plasticity of sex-determining pathways that help to establish a functional ovary that can nurture the follicles to generate a good ovarian reserve, both in quantity and quality. (lidsen.com)
  • Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) and Premature Ovarian Insufficiency (POI), were selected and briefly discussed in this review. (lidsen.com)
  • The most common human ovarian pathologies that cause infertility are Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) and Premature Ovarian Insufficiency (POI), and both pathologies have been briefly discussed at the end of the review. (lidsen.com)
  • Ovarian stroma differs from typical connective tissue in that it contains a high number of cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • The entire ovarian stroma is highly vascular. (wikipedia.org)
  • Produces a "barrel cervix" if the tumor encircles the cervix and invades the underlying stroma. (brainscape.com)
  • Epithelial ovarian tumors are the most common tumor subtype. (amboss.com)
  • Primary lesions include epithelial ovarian carcinoma (70% of all ovarian malignancies). (medscape.com)
  • Ovarian tumors include luteoma of pregnancy, arrhenoblastoma, hilar-cell tumor, masculinizing ovarian stromal cell tumor, and Krukenberg tumor. (health.am)
  • Sex cord-stromal tumors are groups of tumors composed of granulosa cells, theca cells, Sertoli cells, Leydig cells, and fibroblasts of stromal origin, singly or in various combinations. (medscape.com)
  • Juvenile granulosa cell tumor of the testis of neonates and infants is an uncommon lesion frequently associated with abnormal sex chromosome and ambiguous genitalia. (nih.gov)
  • Adult-type granulosa cell tumor of the testis: report of a case and review of literature. (nih.gov)
  • Granulosa cell tumor of testis: clinicopathological correlation of a rare tumor. (nih.gov)
  • Gynandroblastoma with elements resembling juvenile granulosa cell tumor. (nih.gov)
  • Congenital juvenile granulosa cell tumor of the testis in newborns. (nih.gov)
  • Juvenile granulosa cell tumor of the testis. (nih.gov)
  • DICER1-related Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor and gynandroblastoma: Clinical and genetic findings from the International Ovarian and Testicular Stromal Tumor Registry. (nih.gov)
  • Tumor involving one or both ovaries with peritoneal implants outside the pelvis and/or positive retroperitoneal or inguinal nodes. (medscape.com)
  • B. Tumor of one or both ovaries with histologically confirmed implants of abdominal peritoneal surfaces, none exceeding 2 cm in diameter. (medscape.com)
  • The presence of advanced ovarian cancer is often suspected on clinical grounds, but it can be confirmed only pathologically by removal of the ovaries or, when the disease is advanced, by sampling tissue or ascitic fluid. (medscape.com)
  • We have gained crucial insights into molecular factors and pathways of the cells generating either the supporting gonadal cells or germ cells of both sexes. (lidsen.com)
  • Arise from sex cord cells (e.g. (amboss.com)
  • Solitary tumors of the uterus which arise de novo from the mesenchymal cells of the myometrium. (brainscape.com)
  • Patients with more advanced disease may present with ovarian or pelvic mass, ascites, pleural effusion, or abdominal mass or bowel obstruction. (medscape.com)
  • An FNA or diagnostic paracentesis should be performed in patients with diffuse carcinomatosis or ascites without an obvious ovarian mass. (medscape.com)
  • A teratoma is a tumor made up of several different types of tissue , such as hair , muscle , teeth , or bone . (mdwiki.org)
  • Mature teratoma of the mediastinum: A horizontal slice of the resected tumor reveals fibrofatty tissue, calcified areas, and a few cystic spaces lined with smooth membrane and containing a hair. (mdwiki.org)
  • An increase in the number of cells in a tissue or organ without tumor formation. (lookformedical.com)
  • Characterized byvtche presence of tumor necrosis, cytologic atypia and mitotic activity. (brainscape.com)
  • Stromal cells associated with maturing follicles may acquire endocrine function and secrete estrogens. (wikipedia.org)
  • Rupture of a mucinous cystadenoma or cystadenocarcinoma leading to the spread of tumor cells throughout the peritoneum . (amboss.com)
  • They are a type of germ cell tumor (a tumor that begins in the cells that give rise to sperm or eggs ). (mdwiki.org)
  • Gliomatosis peritoneii, which presents as a deposition of mature glial cells in the peritoneum, is almost exclusively seen in conjunction with cases of ovarian teratoma. (mdwiki.org)
  • Through genetic studies of exome sequence, it was found that gliomatosis is genetically identical to the parent ovarian tumor and developed from cells that disseminate from the ovarian teratoma. (mdwiki.org)
  • Solitary or multiple benign hepatic vascular tumors, usually occurring in women of 20-50 years of age. (lookformedical.com)
  • Instead, if a clinical suggestion of ovarian cancer is present, the patient should undergo laparoscopic evaluation or laparotomy, based on the presentation, for diagnosis and staging. (medscape.com)
  • In mammals, the genotype first determines the sex in the genetic sex phase. (lidsen.com)
  • The development of the gonadal and reproductive tract (uterus and vagina in females, and seminal vesicles, prostate glands, and penis in males) starts around E10.5 in mice, and they are almost completely developed at birth. (lidsen.com)
  • Symptoms independently associated with the presence of ovarian cancer include pelvic and abdominal pain, increased abdominal size and bloating, and difficulty eating or feeling full. (medscape.com)
  • The sex chromosome combination, particularly the presence of a Y chromosome, triggers a male pattern of development while its absence promotes female development. (lidsen.com)
  • Second, networks of genes and hormones regulate the advancement of sex determination and gonad differentiation, known as the gonadal sex phase. (lidsen.com)
  • [1] Complications may include ovarian torsion , testicular torsion , or hydrops fetalis . (mdwiki.org)
  • Treatment of tailbone, testicular, and ovarian teratomas is generally by surgery. (mdwiki.org)
  • CD56 is a sensitive marker of ovarian sex cord-stromal tumors and may also be useful in the diagnosis of this group of neoplasms, especially in cases that are inhibin or calretinin negative, and the differential diagnosis includes neoplasms that are CD56 negative. (medscape.com)
  • Although this level of plasticity is still found in the fully differentiated gonads, errors like mutations or epigenetic modifications impact ovarian development and, later, folliculogenesis, resulting in infertility. (lidsen.com)
  • [5] Ovarian teratomas represent about a quarter of ovarian tumors and are typically noticed during middle age. (mdwiki.org)
  • Standard treatment for women with ovarian cancer involves aggressive debulking surgery and chemotherapy. (medscape.com)
  • In the last four decades, transgenic and knockout mouse models have helped to understand the mechanisms of mammalian sex determination, germ cell development, and adult gonad functions. (lidsen.com)
  • In this review, we focused on the molecular mechanisms of ovarian sex determination and on understanding mutual cross-talks between central molecules in sex development which might impact fertility later in adult life. (lidsen.com)
  • Immature teratoma has one of the lowest rates of somatic mutation of any tumor type and results from one of five mechanisms of meiotic failure. (mdwiki.org)
  • Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) or percutaneous biopsy of an adnexal mass is not routinely recommended, as it may delay diagnosis and treatment of ovarian cancer. (medscape.com)
  • The aim of cytoreductive surgery is to confirm the diagnosis, define the extent of disease, and resect all visible tumor. (medscape.com)
  • This might affect the ovarian reserve and lead to the diagnosis of infertility later in life. (lidsen.com)
  • 20s1_Tumors Sec I.qxd 8/23/2005 12:16 PM Page 559 CHAPTER 20 Overview of Tumors Section I: Clinical Avian Neoplasia and Oncology Section II: A R. (kipdf.com)
  • Early ovarian cancer causes minimal, nonspecific, or no symptoms. (medscape.com)
  • [4] Symptoms may be minimal if the tumor is small. (mdwiki.org)
  • A. Tumor grossly limited to the true pelvis with negative nodes but with histologically confirmed microscopic seeding of abdominal peritoneal surfaces. (medscape.com)
  • Teratomas occur in the coccyx in about one in 30,000 newborns, making them one of the most common tumors in this age group. (mdwiki.org)
  • Generally, solid tumors are best treated with surgical excision, while systemic neoplastic processes (ie, systemic lymphoma, metastatic conditions) are most effectively managed with use of systemic chemotherapy. (kipdf.com)
  • Untreated maternal virilizing CAH is another potential cause, though androgen-secreting adrenal tumor in the mother is rare. (health.am)
  • Fetus in fetu and fetiform teratoma are rare forms of mature teratomas that include one or more components resembling a malformed fetus. (mdwiki.org)
  • Ovarian cancer is the most common cause of cancer death from gynecologic tumors in the United States. (medscape.com)
  • Sex cord-stromal tumors account for approximately 8% of all ovarian tumors. (medscape.com)
  • Routine imaging is not required in all patients in whom ovarian cancer is highly suggested. (medscape.com)
  • The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommends against screening (with serum CA125 level or transvaginal ultrasonography) for ovarian cancer in the general population. (medscape.com)