Tumor highly aggressive carcinoma oncogene fusion. Medical search. Frequent questions

The L249P kindred also had one family member with renal cell carcinoma and another family member with Duodenal cancer. (wikipedia.org)
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the seventh most frequently diagnosed tumor in adults in Europe and represents approximately 2.5% of cancer deaths. (cancerindex.org)
The molecular biology underlying renal cell carcinoma (RCC) development and progression has been a key milestone in the management of this type of tumor. (cancerindex.org)
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) incidence has increased over the past two decades. (hindawi.com)
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) accounts for approximately 3% of human malignancies, and its incidence appears to be increasing globally [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
Here, in Part I, we describe areas where major inroads were initially achieved by targeting angiogenesis (central to the biology of renal cell carcinoma and hepatocellular cancer) and by unraveling pathways in the heterogeneous tumors of mesenchymal origin-spurred by the identification of c-Kit-activating mutations in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) and the regressions that ensued when tumors harboring these mutations were exposed to the tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib (Gleevec). (cancernetwork.com)
For instance, RUNX2 is involved in the progression of various tumor types, such as osteosarcoma, renal cell carcinoma, gastric cancer and breast cancer ( 15 - 20 ). (spandidos-publications.com)

In vivo, stable ERα expression has been reported in patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models, especially in tumor cells introduced via intraductal transplantations 8 , 9 and these findings have suggested a strong microenvironment-dependent dynamic component in the regulation of ERα expression. (nature.com)
The recently described role of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in the regulation of immune cell infiltration of microenvironment tumor resumes interest because of its potential impact to rection of immune therapy. (chemdiv.com)
Mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 result in distinct mutational landscapes and differentially modulate the tumor-immune microenvironment, with gene expression programs related to both adaptive and innate immunity enriched in BRCA2-deficient tumors. (bvsalud.org)
Background: Tobacco smoking creates DNA damage, inducing mutations and potentially altering the tumor immune microenvironment. (bvsalud.org)
These types of genetic and immune microenvironment alterations are critical factors known to affect tumor response to immunotherapy. (bvsalud.org)
In accordance, attempts have been made to establish a link between the immune system and the tumor microenvironment, to comprehend tumor progression and achieve effective therapeutic approaches. (fortunejournals.com)
By altering membrane transport in the early secretory pathway, TFG fusion proteins may modulate cargo export, potentially enhancing the secretion of growth factors that help to sustain a rich tumor microenvironment. (wisc.edu)
Additionally, his retraining was cancer focused, and he now co-leads the Tumor Microenvironment Program within the University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center (UWCCC). (wisc.edu)
These results demonstrate that CREB3L1 maintains the CAF - like property of ATC cells by activating the ECM signaling, which remodels the tumor stromal microenvironment and drives the malignancy of ATC. (biomedcentral.com)
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a fundamental part of the tumor microenvironment. (biomedcentral.com)
A known characteristic of ATC is its ability to easily shape the tumor matrix microenvironment. (biomedcentral.com)

AXL significantly promotes tumour cell migration, invasion and metastasis, as well as angiogenesis. (cancerindex.org)
To evaluate the mechanisms underlying the role of AXL signalling in tumour metastasis, we screened a phage display library to generate a novel human monoclonal antibody, named DAXL-88, that recognizes both human and murine AXL. (cancerindex.org)
Overexpression of this gene is associated with tumor cell proliferation and metastasis. (cancerindex.org)
DRAM2 was preferentially upregulated in NSCLC tissues and higher expression of DRAM2 in NSCLC correlated with tumor node metastases stage and lymph node metastasis. (cancerindex.org)
The Law Lab has discovered that the protein, Cub Domain-Containing Protein 1 (CDCP1), which has been implicated in tumor invasion and metastasis, is a novel E-cadherin-associated protein. (ufl.edu)
We also examined, whether there is an association between the ploidy status and the metastasis or recurrence of the tumor. (biomedcentral.com)
Invasion and metastasis are key features that distinguish malignant tumors-cancer proper-from benign growths. (bbvaopenmind.com)
While conventional tumour size, lymph node status, and presence or absence of metastasis can direct therapeutics and prognosis, biomarkers give a better picture of an individual's tumour to use targeted therapies. (scirp.org)
There can, however, be few similarities between the two, as the bone marrow is a common site of metastasis of solid tumors too [6]. (fortunejournals.com)
Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is an extremely malignant type of endocrine cancer frequently accompanied by extrathyroidal extension or metastasis through mechanisms that remain elusive. (biomedcentral.com)
Loss of CREB3L1 inhibited metastasis and tumor growth of ATC xenografts in zebrafish and nude mouse model. (biomedcentral.com)
Cbx7 is downregulated in CCs, and Cbx7 expression-low tumors correlated with lymph metastasis and poor overall survival of CC patients. (biomedcentral.com)
Tumors were staged using the tumor-node-metastasis (pTNM) staging of the International Union Against Cancer (2003) [ 14 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

2 At this time, 13 oncogenic RET/PTC fusions have been identified, 6 and approximately 90% of RET rearrangements are RET/PTC1 and RET/PTC3 . (theoncologynurse.com)
This may include oncomir (oncogenic miRNA) inhibition, or tumor suppressor-miRNA replacement therapies [ 6 , 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
Nussе and Varmus identified components of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in 1982 in a study of oncogenic breast tumor viral diseases (MMTV) [1]. (chemdiv.com)
The 'cancer platform' concept proposes that most oncogenic molecules also have the inherent ability to activate tumor suppressor genes or pathways through oncogene-induced apoptosis or senescence, thus limiting their oncogenic effects in a homeostatic fashion. (biomedcentral.com)
It remains unclear when these differences arise during disease course and why some tumors are addicted to one oncogenic pathway over another. (stanford.edu)
Wnt signaling is highly oncogenic to mammalian epithelia, and indeed comprises one of the main sources of human tumor initiation identified to date. (wisc.edu)
During the course of their studies, members of the Audhya laboratory demonstrated that two oncogenic fusion proteins, TFG-NTRK1 and TFG-ALK, created by distinct chromosomal translocation events, localize to subdomains of the endoplasmic reticulum (sites of COPII vesicle formation) and dramatically upregulate ERK activity. (wisc.edu)
One exception is hu- humanized SCID mice, the use of al oncogenic viruses that are strictly man T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 surrogate hosts has not proven very species-specific, causing cancer in (HTLV-1): in addition to its ability to useful for defining tumour site con- humans only. (who.int)
For instance, mice are able to reconstitute most lymphomas in monkeys and humans woodchuck hepatitis virus induces major components of the human provides strong support for a direct hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) haematolymphoid system including oncogenic role of EBV in vivo. (who.int)

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) one of the most common digestive system tumors, threatens the tens of thousands of people with high morbidity and mortality world widely. (biomedcentral.com)
Although the molecular mechanisms that regulate autophagy are not fully understood, recent work indicates that dysfunctional/impaired autophagic functions are associated with the development and progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD), and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). (hindawi.com)
utilizes a combination of high-resolution comparative genomic hybridization, short hairpin RNA inhibition of target genes at the locations of focal genomic deletions, and a primed cell mosaic mouse model to identify novel tumor suppressors in hepatocellular carcinoma. (biomedcentral.com)
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common cancer worldwide and the third most common cause of death from cancer [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

The earliest events during human tumour initiation, although poorly characterized, may hold clues to malignancy detection and prevention1. (stanford.edu)
Animal models for human tumour mental animals is not easy to answer does induce adult T-cell leukaemia/ viruses that make use of animal virus- for these agents, because cancer bi- lymphoma (ATLL), albeit in monkeys es are scarce. (who.int)
For other human tumour virus- primate species are related to the hu- tween data in humans and in experi- es, the use of humanized severe man tumour viruses, the incidence of mental animals is not obvious. (who.int)
These in vitro, and their expression in these human tumour virus. (who.int)

ETV6 is a clinically significant proto-oncogene in that it can fuse with other genes to drive the development and/or progression of certain cancers. (wikipedia.org)
Global CpG island hypermethylation, which induces epigenetic silencing of tumor suppressor genes, is also a unique feature of EBVaGC and is considered to be crucial for its carcinogenesis. (spandidos-publications.com)
Additional screens for MMTV provirus entry sites in tumors revealed several other upregulated genes that are associated with other gene development pathways such as INT2, INT3, and INT4 [4,5,6]. (chemdiv.com)
The specific effects that lead to inactivation of these pro-apoptotic or senescence pathways may impinge on major known tumor suppressors such as p53, but may also be due to effects on other genes and molecules within the p53 or other tumor suppressor pathways [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
We found that ecDNAs contained diverse collections of oncogenes and immunomodulatory genes. (nature.com)
Here we report differential effects of mutations in the homologous recombination genes BRCA1 and BRCA2 on response to ICB in mouse and human tumors, and further show that truncating mutations in BRCA2 are associated with superior response compared to those in BRCA1. (bvsalud.org)
Interrogating 3,855 breast cancer lesions, spanning pre-invasive to metastatic disease, we demonstrate that germline variants in highly expressed and amplified genes influence somatic evolution by modulating immunoediting at early stages of tumor development. (stanford.edu)
We used integrative three-dimensional (3D) spatial genomics to identify the chromatin interaction targets of 45 prostate cancer risk alleles, 31 of which were associated with the transcriptional regulation of target genes in 565 localized prostate tumors. (stanford.edu)
Expression profiling was carried out on samples of 7 benign, 7 LMP and 28 invasive (moderate and poorly differentiated) serous tumors and four whole normal ovaries using oligonucleotide microarrays representing over 21,000 genes. (biomedcentral.com)
Five genes that were differentially expressed between invasive and either benign or normal tissues were validated by real time PCR in an independent panel of 46 serous tumors (4 benign, 7 LMP, 35 invasive). (biomedcentral.com)
To identify genes associated with neoplastic progression in the serous subtype of ovarian tumors, we compared gene expression in tissues that exhibited the spectrum of tumor behavior, namely benign, low malignant potential (LMP) and invasive. (biomedcentral.com)

The most relevant articles summarising existing knowledge on RCC genomics, including tumour cell evolution and progression, were selected for this review. (springer.com)
In a primary tumor mass, the ECM is strictly modulated in a tumor - permissive way, which in turn facilitates tumor progression and influences cancer cell invasion. (biomedcentral.com)

That is, as the size of the gland decreases, the incidence of malignancy of a tumor in the gland increases in approximately these proportions. (medscape.com)
After therapy, the incidence of pleomorphic adenomas, mucoepidermoid carcinomas, and squamous cell carcinomas is increased. (medscape.com)
Both pre- and postmenopausal women who develop breast cancer also have an increased incidence of triple negative breast tumors. (wisc.edu)
Incidence rates and tumour localisation vary considerably between geographical regions thus implying genetic and environmental factors in disease pathophysiology. (docksci.com)

To identify clinical and tumor molecular biomarkers associated with exceptional clinical response or resistance, we conducted an integrated clinical, exome, and transcriptome analysis of 41 primary tumors from LT ( n = 20) and ST ( n = 21) HGSOC patients. (biomedcentral.com)

Clear cell, papillary cell, and chromophobe renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) have now been well characterised thanks to large collaborative projects such as The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). (springer.com)
Due to the heterogeneous nature of tumors, molecular profiling is crucial to our understanding of how genomics plays a role in the cause or development of an individual cancer. (biomedcentral.com)
Such tumor profiles can subsequently be applied to exclusively tailor cancer therapies to directly target a causative mutation for a malignancy, ultimately achieving a personalized and precise approach to cancer treatment. (biomedcentral.com)
It focuses on how precision oncology has shaped advances in the impact of non-coding RNAs in epigenetics and cancer, immunotherapy and tumor biology, and the clinical significance of various therapies in a range of cancers. (biomedcentral.com)
Studies on the transcriptomic profiles of the clonal luminal breast cancer cell lines suggest that these cell lines do not recapitulate well the established luminal tumor subtype 7 . (nature.com)
Rearranged during transfection fusions in non-small cell lung cancer. (theoncologynurse.com)
For each cancer discussed in the first part of our overview, as well as in Part II, which will deal with more common cancers, we briefly cover the tumor biology, how targeting was achieved, the introduction of immune modulation or immune-conjugates, and the impact these therapies are having in the disease. (cancernetwork.com)
DRAM2 acts as an oncogene in non-small cell lung cancer and suppresses the expression of p53. (cancerindex.org)
Current concepts suggest that a limited number of molecular alterations involving oncogene activation and tumor suppressor inhibition are responsible for initiation of cancer. (biomedcentral.com)
NC is a highly aggressive type of squamous cell cancer with very poor prognosis that often forms in the head, neck, or lungs. (zenithepigenetics.com)
Concurrently with compassionate use, ZEN-3694 is also being evaluated in two NUT carcinoma clinical trials sponsored by the National Cancer Institute (NCI), part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), through the Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program (CTEP) under a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA) between Zenith and the NCI. (zenithepigenetics.com)
Besides NUT carcinoma, ZEN-3694 is also currently being evaluated in multiple oncology indications including CRPC, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, colorectal cancer, and lung cancer in 11 clinical trials with various drug combinations. (zenithepigenetics.com)
ZEN-3694 is a BET bromodomain inhibitor that directly binds to NUT fusion proteins, disrupts their activity, and inhibits cancer growth. (zenithepigenetics.com)
A further conversion of the malignant tumor leads to the formation of highly motile and invasive cancer cells, and the recruitment of normal cells that act as helpers in tumor dissemination. (bbvaopenmind.com)
EAC is a highly lethal cancer that can arise from Barrett's oesophagus, a relatively common, pre-cancerous metaplastic condition that affects around 1.6% of the US population 7 . (nature.com)
Many immunotherapeutic approaches to cancer have taken advantage of tumor neoantigens derived from somatic mutations. (bvsalud.org)
We identified an exceptional responder with metastatic head and neck cancer who experienced a complete response to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy, despite a low mutational load and minimal pre-treatment immune infiltration in the tumor. (bvsalud.org)
Dr. Shen's long-term goals is to elucidate the mechanisms of tumorigenesis and find better therapies for the aggressive and hard-to-treat tumors, such as pancreatic and lung cancers, by exploring the genetic and epigenetic alterations of cancer cells. (cityofhope.org)
Inhibiting BRAF Oncogene-Mediated Radioresistance Effectively Radiosensitizes BRAFV600E-Mutant Thyroid Cancer Cells by Constraining DNA Double-Strand Break Repair. (cityofhope.org)
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy and ranks second among the causes of tumor‑associated death in females. (spandidos-publications.com)
The recurrence and drug resistance of breast cancer are intractable due to the presence of breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs), which are adequate to initiate tumor formation and refractory to conventional remedies. (spandidos-publications.com)
For instance, as reviewed by Li et al ( 3 ), triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) may have worse cause-specific survival and overall survival than the non-TNBC counterpart in all stages and substages, regardless of influencing factors from univariate and multivariate analyses (e.g., tumor grade, age, ethnicity, surgery and radiation treatments). (spandidos-publications.com)
Tumor spread through air spaces (STAS) has been shown to adversely affect the prognosis of lung cancer. (biomedcentral.com)
Patients diagnosed with high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) who received initial debulking surgery followed by platinum-based chemotherapy can experience highly variable clinical responses. (biomedcentral.com)
Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is a rare but extremely malignant thyroid - cancer subtype. (biomedcentral.com)
The difficulties associated with making improvements in early diagnosis of epithelial ovarian cancer partly result from a lack of knowledge regarding the pathway to tumor development. (biomedcentral.com)
Next generation sequencing (NGS) has enabled increasingly sophisticated cancer tests for tumor profiling to guide treatment and for assessment of inherited cancer risk. (sttrcancer.org)
Aggressive tumor phenotypes can emerge through subtype changes and lineage plasticity as major mechanisms of treatment resistance in cancer. (sttrcancer.org)
Colon carcinoma (CC) is the third most common cancer and the fourth leading cause of cancer death worldwide [ 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The frequency of the type of neoplasm was higher for lung cancer, followed by malignant colon tumor. (cdc.gov)
Private Payer and Medicare Coverage Policies for Use of Circulating Tumor DNA Tests in Cancer Diagnostics and Treatment. (cdc.gov)
Associations of a Breast Cancer Polygenic Risk Score With Tumor Characteristics and Survival. (cancercentrum.se)

In children and adolescents, salivary gland tumors make up 0.5% of all malignancies. (medscape.com)
Almost half of all submandibular gland neoplasms and most sublingual and minor salivary gland tumors are malignant. (medscape.com)
Successful diagnosis and treatment of patients with salivary gland tumors require a thorough understanding of tumor etiology, biologic behavior of each tumor type, and salivary gland anatomy. (medscape.com)
An estimated 700 deaths (0.4 per 100,000 for males and 0.2 per 100,000 for females) related to salivary gland tumors occur annually. (medscape.com)

Squamous cell carcinomas arise from excretory duct cells, pleomorphic adenomas arise from the intercalated duct cells, oncocytomas arise from the striated duct cells, and acinic cell carcinomas arise from acinar cells. (medscape.com)
Here we analyze the association between the mutational signature of tobacco smoking, tumor mutational load, and metrics of immune activity in squamous cell carcinomas arising in the head and neck and lung. (bvsalud.org)

Intra-tumour heterogeneity appears to hamper the clinical applicability of sparsely sampled tumours. (springer.com)
CALGARY, Alberta, June 01, 2023, Zenith Epigenetics Ltd. ("Zenith" or the "Company") reports clinical activity and the advancement in development of its BET inhibitor (BETi) ZEN-3694 in patients with NUT carcinoma (NC). (zenithepigenetics.com)
Zenith Epigenetics has provided ZEN-3694 to two NC patients for compassionate use and both experienced significant clinical benefit and durable reduction of their tumors. (zenithepigenetics.com)
We present experimental and clinical evidence showing that the degree of microsatellite instability (MSI) and resultant mutational load, in part, underlies the variable response to PD-1 blockade immunotherapy in MMR-d human and mouse tumors. (bvsalud.org)
Individuals with the same clinical diagnosis can have tumors with drastically different molecular profiles and clinical response to treatment. (stanford.edu)
The clinical behavior and the extent of skeletal involvement by angiomatoses provide a means of descriptively dividing them into regional versus disseminated and nonaggressive versus aggressive forms. (basicmedicalkey.com)
Younger age at diagnosis, no residual disease post debulking surgery and low CA125 levels following surgery and chemotherapy were clinical characteristics of LT. Tumors from LT survivors had increased somatic mutation burden (median 1.62 vs. 1.22 non-synonymous mutations/Mbp), frequent BRCA1/2 biallelic inactivation through mutation and loss of heterozygosity, and enrichment of activated CD4+, CD8+ T cells, and effector memory CD4+ T cells. (biomedcentral.com)
However, without complete long-term follow-up information to accompany patient and tumor molecular profiles, clinical and molecular factors that contribute to long-term (LT) and short-term (ST) survival in HGSOC remain elusive. (biomedcentral.com)
In this pilot study, we sought to identify clinical and molecular factors that distinguish HGSOC patients who share similar clinical characteristics and pathology at diagnosis with exceptional survival outcomes, either LT or ST, through integrated analysis of clinical features, germline variants, somatic genomic alterations, and tumor immune microenvironment. (biomedcentral.com)
An accurate diagnosis of the tumor histology is essential for clinical care. (sttrcancer.org)
Therefore, distinguishing tumor phenotypes has clinical relevance in view of therapeutic response, but the need for a biopsy to diagnose tumor histology can be challenging. (sttrcancer.org)

In addition to accumulating more case series of EBV-associated gastric carcinoma (EBVaGC), the development of comprehensive molecular analyses has provided evidence that EBVaGC is a distinct subset both in terms of its clinicopathological and molecular features. (spandidos-publications.com)
While these scores inform on the probability of developing a tumor, it remains unknown how germline risk influences the tumor molecular evolution. (stanford.edu)
Molecular targeting agents have become formidable anticancer weapons, which show much promise against the refractory tumors. (aacrjournals.org)
In order to clarify the molecular relationships among the spectrum of serous ovarian tumors, we compared gene expression profiles of 7 LMP and 28 invasive (moderate and poorly differentiated or Grade 2 and Grade 3) serous ovarian tumors with two different reference groups: 7 serous benign ovarian tumors and four normal whole ovary specimens. (biomedcentral.com)

However, ETV6 is also an anti-oncogene or tumor suppressor gene in that mutations in it that encode for a truncated and therefore inactive protein are also associated with certain types of cancers. (wikipedia.org)
Whereas pleural mesothelioma is highly associated with asbestos exposure , nonmesotheliomatous cancers have generally not been proven to result from exposure to airborne asbestos. (medscape.com)
The situation with solid tumors is considerably more complex, and the evolution of targeted therapies for these cancers is still in its infancy. (cancernetwork.com)
therefore, their functions must be abrogated in epithelial cancers in order for tumor dissemination to occur. (ufl.edu)
E-cadherin expression can be blocked by epigenetic silencing, but the lab's results indicate that the loss of the E-cadherin protein function is highly prevalent among the most aggressive breast cancers. (ufl.edu)
Finally, analyzing additional datasets of fusion-positive cancers, including checkpoint-inhibitor-treated tumors, we found evidence of immune surveillance resulting in negative selective pressure against gene fusion-derived neoantigens. (bvsalud.org)
These findings highlight an important class of tumor-specific antigens and have implications for targeting gene fusion events in cancers that would otherwise be less poised for response to immunotherapy, including cancers with low mutational load and minimal immune infiltration. (bvsalud.org)
The malignant potential of serous ovarian tumors, the most common ovarian tumor subtype, varies from benign to low malignant potential (LMP) tumors to frankly invasive cancers. (biomedcentral.com)
The major focus is on research projects directed at understanding the aggressive nature of childhood cancers such as neuroblastoma and leukaemia. (edu.au)

2 Gain-of-function changes, including mutations and fusions, have been associated with malignancies. (theoncologynurse.com)
2 The frequency of RET mutations or fusions varies widely but has been identified in 5% to 40% of cases of PTC. (theoncologynurse.com)
4,5 While rare germline RET mutations have been found in cases of MTC with unclear pathogenic effects, somatic RET mutations are associated with an aggressive MTC phenotype. (theoncologynurse.com)
We describe areas where major inroads were initially achieved by targeting angiogenesis and by unraveling pathways in the heterogeneous tumors of mesenchymal origin-spurred by the identification of c-Kit-activating mutations in GIST and the regressions that ensued when tumors harboring these mutations were exposed to the tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib (Gleevec). (cancernetwork.com)
Tumors with mismatch repair deficiency (MMR-d) are characterized by sequence alterations in microsatellites and can accumulate thousands of mutations. (bvsalud.org)

The RET oncogene in papillary thyroid carcinoma. (theoncologynurse.com)
CREB3L1 knockdown dramatically attenuated invasion of ATC cells, whereas overexpression of CREB3L1 facilitated the invasion of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) cells. (biomedcentral.com)

Subsequent studies revealed that EBV caused a number of different human malignancies, such as nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), Hodgkin's lymphoma, extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type and lymphoproliferative disorders of immunocompromised hosts ( 2 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Persistent infection with H. pylori induces atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia, and subsequently leads to gastric malignancies including gastric carcinoma and extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT lymphoma). (spandidos-publications.com)
Tobacco and alcohol, which are highly associated with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, have not been shown to play a role in the development of malignancies of the salivary glands. (medscape.com)
As has often been the case, hematologic malignancies have led the way in the introduction of this new generation of therapeutics-perhaps because of easy access to tumor samples for pharmacodynamics, and the narrow spectrum of cells of origin. (cancernetwork.com)
The complexity of the human bone marrow, with context to haematological malignancies, is more difficult to elucidate with the present strategies compared to the niche of solid tumors. (fortunejournals.com)

This research involves the use of novel models to understand how the activation of Cdks in the mammary gland causes tumor formation by dysregulation of cell proliferation and through genetic alterations that result from chromosomal instability. (ufl.edu)

In addition, there are only a small number of recurrent copy number aberrations and rare gene fusions. (springer.com)
Here, we demonstrate that gene fusions are a source of immunogenic neoantigens that can mediate responses to immunotherapy. (bvsalud.org)
In a cohort of head and neck tumors with low mutation burden, minimal immune infiltration and prevalent gene fusions, we also identified gene fusion-derived neoantigens that generate cytotoxic T cell responses. (bvsalud.org)

Why and how it is replacing past approaches in the management of solid tumors is the subject of this two-part overview. (cancernetwork.com)
At present, and for some years to come, the treatment of most solid tumors will continue to rely on a patchwork of empirically derived and newly introduced molecularly targeted agents. (cancernetwork.com)
Solid tumors such as carcinomas of the lung, colon, breast, or prostate start in epithelial cells that line the surface of the bronchia, the intestinal mucosa, or the alveoli of fl uid secretion in the breast and prostate. (bbvaopenmind.com)
Relevant information has now been established on solid tumors and their micro-environments, which include immune, endothelial and mesenchymal cells. (fortunejournals.com)

[ 4 , 5 ] ) Benign neoplasms occur more frequently in women than in men, but malignant tumors are distributed equally between the sexes. (medscape.com)

Short-term patient-derived tumor explant culture (PDEC) systems offer potential benefits over reductionist cell cultures 10 , including tumor-specific genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity and opportunities to explore tumor cell behavior within the context of authentic tumor microenvironmental components (reviewed in 10 ). (nature.com)
Their behavior ranges from that of indolent, low-grade tumors, such as epithelioid hemangioendothelioma, to that of lethal, high-grade angiosarcomas or hemangiopericytomas. (basicmedicalkey.com)
To ensure a homogeneous dataset in which to compare tumor behavior, analyses were restricted to tumors of the serous histological subtype and four normal whole ovary specimens collected from women having surgery for other benign gynecological conditions. (biomedcentral.com)

Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric carcinoma (EBVaGC) is a distinct subtype that accounts for nearly 10% of gastric carcinomas. (spandidos-publications.com)

An open question is whether germline differences influence somatic tumor evolution. (stanford.edu)
I will highlight uses for paired somatic (tumor) and germline (inherited) testing, liquid biopsy, and the intersection with digital pathology and AI. (sttrcancer.org)

Most tumors (65%) are benign, with hemangiomas being the most common, followed by pleomorphic adenomas. (medscape.com)
Compared with invasive tumors, benign tumors lack evidence of cellular atypia and are non-invasive, while LMP tumors display atypical proliferation but do not usually invade below the basement membrane of the ovarian surface epithelium [ 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Benign and LMP tumors usually result in an excellent prognosis for the patient. (biomedcentral.com)
Forty-two tumors (7 benign cystadenomas/cystadenofibromas, 7 LMP and 28 invasive (moderate and poorly differentiated or G2 and G3) tumors) and four normal ovarian samples were initially selected for analysis (Table 1 , see Additional file 1 for detailed information on tissues analyzed by microarray analysis). (biomedcentral.com)

and cell differentiation ( SOX2 and TGFB3 ) as well as immunohistochemical assay for VEGFA, TP53, Bcl2, TGFB1, and Ki67 protein expression have been performed in 85 FFPE RCC tumor specimens. (hindawi.com)
Tumor specimens from 259 NSCLC patients were collected and analyzed. (cancerindex.org)
In the specimens selected for CGH analysis, the proportion of tumor cells were estimated after hematoxylin-eosin staining of tissue sections preceding to DNA extraction. (biomedcentral.com)

By definition, pseudomesotheliomatous carcinoma refers to an epithelial neoplasm that secondarily involves the pleura and encases the lung, thereby simulating the radiologic and macroscopic appearance of malignant mesothelioma. (medscape.com)
[ 3 , 4 ] The term "pseudomesotheliomatous carcinoma" was first applied by Harwood and colleagues in 1976 to 6 cases of peripheral lung adenocarcinoma that closely mimicked mesothelioma. (medscape.com)
Deregulation of AKT-mTOR signaling contributes to chemoradiation resistance in lung squamous cell carcinoma. (cityofhope.org)
STAS consists of micropapillary clusters, solid nests, or single cells beyond the edge of the tumor into air spaces in the surrounding lung parenchyma. (biomedcentral.com)

Yet, despite their tumor immunogenicity, patients with MMR-deficient tumors experience highly variable responses, and roughly half are refractory to treatment. (bvsalud.org)

PR is positive in about 70% of invasive ductal carcinoma, they are regulated by ER-α. (scirp.org)
Tumor STAS was associated with several invasive clinicopathological features. (biomedcentral.com)
ATC has an extremely rapid growth - rate and is highly invasive. (biomedcentral.com)

The classification of malignant vascular lesions is still in a state of flux, and controversy continues about the biologic potential of those tumors currently designated as low-grade or borderline endothelial tumors. (basicmedicalkey.com)

Although researchers have learned much from the study of this diverse group of tumors over the years, the diagnosis and treatment of salivary gland neoplasms remain complex and challenging problems for the head and neck surgeon. (medscape.com)
Salivary gland neoplasms make up 6% of all head and neck tumors. (medscape.com)
LCL161, a SMAC-mimetic, Preferentially Radiosensitizes Human Papillomavirus-negative Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. (cityofhope.org)

The Von Hippel-Lindau ( VHL ) tumour suppressor gene undergoes bi-allelic knockout in the vast majority of clear cell RCCs. (springer.com)

Oncogene activation is therefore generally only tumorigenic when it is coupled with inactivation or inhibition of oncogene-induced pro-apoptotic or senescence pathways [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Malignant vascular tumors of bone occur less frequently than hemangiomas. (basicmedicalkey.com)
The standard vascular markers used in pathologic differential diagnosis of vascular conditions include von Willebrand factor (vWF), factor VIII-associated protein, platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (CD31), human hematopoietic progenitor cell antigen (CD34), v- ets avian erythroblastosis virus E26 oncogene homolog (ERG), human herpes virus 8 (HHV-8), latency-associated nuclear antigen (LANA1), podoplanin (D2-40), and PROX1. (basicmedicalkey.com)

However in women with a higher body mass index, these ERa positive tumors are larger at the time of diagnosis and are more clinically aggressive. (wisc.edu)

These subpopulations, present within the highly genotoxic inflammatory environment typical of chronic liver disease, are then at especial risk of acquiring additional genetic and epigenetic alterations that predispose them to carcinogenesis. (biomedcentral.com)
A mouse knockout experiment has validated the tumor suppressor role in carcinogenesis. (biomedcentral.com)

Malignant blast cells (i.e. diffuse large B-cell lymphoma) are fast-growing and result in aggressive disease, whereas malignant mature lymphocytes (i.e. follicular lymphoma) behave indolently. (oncolink.org)

4 These fusions can result in ligand-independent activation of RET , 4 and because in all fusions the tyrosine kinase function of RET is preserved, 5 this results in unchecked cellular proliferation. (theoncologynurse.com)

EBVaGC is defined by monoclonal proliferation of carcinoma cells with latent EBV infection, as demonstrated by EBV-encoded small RNA (EBER) in situ hybridization. (spandidos-publications.com)
A novel human anti-AXL monoclonal antibody attenuates tumour cell migration. (cancerindex.org)

Human INT1 has been found to be very similar to mouse INT1, thus most revealing the highly conserved nature of this pathway across species [3]. (chemdiv.com)

Tamoxifen to block estrogen can result in remission and in ductal carcinoma in situ the recurrence drops by 50% in ER positive cases. (scirp.org)

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma is the most common salivary gland malignancy in children. (medscape.com)
Excretory stem cells give rise to squamous cell and mucoepidermoid carcinomas, while intercalated stem cells give rise to pleomorphic adenomas, oncocytomas, adenoid cystic carcinomas, adenocarcinomas, and acinic cell carcinomas. (medscape.com)

Almost all SSs are high-grade lesions with a 5-year overall survival rate of 36-76%, depending on the patient's age, the tumor size, the proportion of poorly differentiated areas and the resectability of the tumor. (biomedcentral.com)

5 RET/PTC fusions are also more common among younger patients (67% of patients aged 4-19 years) versus older patients (32% of patients aged 31-80 years). (theoncologynurse.com)
We are very pleased that NUT carcinoma patients receiving ZEN-3694 for compassionate use have benefitted from our drug," said Donald McCaffrey, CEO of Zenith Epigenetics. (zenithepigenetics.com)
The exclusion criteria were as follows: (1) Patients who underwent a needle biopsy of the tumor site before surgery. (biomedcentral.com)

The distinction among these various tumors is important both clinically and epidemiologically. (medscape.com)
These tumors, which lack the markers ERa, progesterone receptor, and Her-2, are more difficult to treat clinically. (wisc.edu)

NUT carcinoma is diagnosed by testing tumor tissue for the fusion protein using immunohistochemistry (IHC) or fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) or by DNA sequencing to identify the NUT fusion oncogene. (zenithepigenetics.com)

Some immunotherapeutic agents can be loaded in carrier cells for delivering to the tumors. (isciii.es)
In gastric carcinoma cells, EBV is not integrated into the host genome but maintained as a type of plasmid called an episome. (spandidos-publications.com)
The uniformity of the numbers of terminal repeats (TRs) among EBV positive carcinoma cells reflects the clonal origin of a tumor and suggests that EBV is a causative virus for gastric carcinoma ( 6 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Calebin-A induced death of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor cells by activation of histone acetyltransferase. (cancerindex.org)
Ex vivo drug screening refers to the out-of-body assessment of drug efficacy in patient derived vital tumor cells. (biomedcentral.com)
In cell culture systems, the luminal ERα + tumor cells are either outcompeted by other types of cells or the cells rapidly downmodulate ERα expression 5 . (nature.com)
This theory holds that tumors arise from 1 of 2 undifferentiated stem cells: the excretory duct reserve cell or the intercalated duct reserve cell. (medscape.com)
In all cases the tumor cells comprised at least 85% of the total tissue areas. (biomedcentral.com)
These interacting tasks are carried out by a system that is ubiquitous to all vertebrates and comprises two treelike branched systems of tubules known as blood and lymphatic vessels lined by highly specialized endothelial cells. (basicmedicalkey.com)
Particularly, we have found that Wnt signaling dysregulates mammary stem cells, and that this precedes the formation of differentiated, bilineal tumors. (wisc.edu)
In particular, chromosomal aberrations sometimes enable a subpopulation of cells to grow in an uncontrolled fashion, leading to tumor formation. (wisc.edu)
The nature of disease (indolent vs. aggressive) is correlated to the stage of lymphocytic differentiation of the malignant cells. (oncolink.org)

Low-grade tumors may recur and infiltrate adjacent structures. (medscape.com)
Obese women also have an increased risk for the development of metastases and a shorter time before tumors may recur. (wisc.edu)

Aneuploid tumors contained large numbers of genetic alterations with the sum gain of at least 2 chromosomes (A-, B- or C-group) detected by HR-CGH. (biomedcentral.com)
NUT carcinoma is driven by NUTM1 genetic alterations, most commonly fusion to BRD4 (bromodomain-containing protein 4) resulting in a fusion oncoprotein. (zenithepigenetics.com)

These changes include oncogene amplification, which frequently occurs on circular ecDNA particles (ecDNAs) 3 . (nature.com)

The most common tumor of the parotid gland is the pleomorphic adenoma , which represents about 60% of all parotid neoplasms, as seen in the table below. (medscape.com)
This theory more logically explains neoplasms that contain multiple discrete cell types, such as pleomorphic adenomas and Warthin tumors. (medscape.com)

Anatomy3

Organisms2

Diseases41

Chemicals and Drugs16

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment15

Phenomena and Processes19

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Health Care1

Renal cell carc7

Microenvironment11

Metastasis13

Oncogenic9

Hepatocellular4

Human tumour4

Genes11

Progression2

Incidence4

Biomarkers1

Cancer32

Salivary gland tumors4

Squamous cell carcinomas2

Clinical11

Molecular4

Cancers9

Mutations5

Papillary2

Malignancies5

Cell proliferation1

Gene fusions3

Solid tumors4

Malignant tumors1

Behavior3

Subtype1

Germline2

Benign4

Specimens3

Lung4

Refractory1

Invasive3

Biologic1

Head and neck3

Hippel-Lindau1

Inhibition1

Vascular2

Diagnosis1

Carcinogenesis2

Lymphoma1

Tyrosine1

Monoclonal2

Pathway1

Recurrence1

Mucoepidermoid2

Poorly differentiated1

Patients3

Clinically2

Immunohistochemistry1

Cells12

Recur2

Alterations2

Amplification1

Pleomorphic2