Excretory urography in a patient with renal tuberculosis shows an irregular cavity at the upper pole calyx of the right kidney. (medscape.com)
However, several mechanisms have been proposed, such as through lymphatic channels, blood vessels, and peritoneal cavity 9 . (radiopaedia.org)
Lymphatic1
Although primary neoplasms arising in the mesentery are rare, the mesentery is a major avenue for the dissemination of tumours, which can spread through hematogenous, lymphatic, direct or peritoneal seeding. (sajr.org.za)
Ultrasonographic2
Ultrasonographic image of the scrotum in a young male patient shows left epididymo-orchitis resulting from tuberculosis. (medscape.com)
However, to the authors' knowledge, there are not enough up-to-date ultrasonographic imaging reviews of splenic diseases [ 2 - 5 ]. (e-ultrasonography.org)
Calcification2
Plain radiograph of the abdomen in a woman with renal tuberculosis shows calcification of varying patterns (curvilinear, amorphous, speckled). (medscape.com)
Lobar calcification in a large destroyed right kidney in a patient with renal tuberculosis. (medscape.com)
Imaging5
All imaging findings may be normal in patients with early genitourinary tuberculosis (GUTB) . (medscape.com)
Some mesenteric diseases present with distinctive imaging findings while others have similar findings, thereby complicating their differential diagnosis. (sajr.org.za)
Therefore, US is widely used and frequently chosen as the first imaging modality for most abdominal imaging, both for general abdominal examinations and for patients suspected of having splenic diseases. (e-ultrasonography.org)
Abnormally thickened endometrium on imaging may occur for a number of reasons which may be categorized based on whether or not they are related to pregnancy. (radiopaedia.org)
2. Nalaboff KM, Pellerito JS, Ben-levi E. Imaging the endometrium: disease and normal variants. (radiopaedia.org)
Renal6
The true incidence of renal tuberculosis may be underestimated, because radiologic findings may be absent, and diagnosis is made by urine culture. (medscape.com)
Intravenous urography (IVU) remains the primary modality for identification of renal, ureteric, and bladder tuberculosis, but findings of urinary tuberculosis are also detectable on ultrasonography, CT scanning, or MRI. (medscape.com)
[ 11 ] In a study of the literature from 1997 to 2017, Mthalane et al found that MDCT can reproduce images comparable to those of intravenous excretory urography for renal tuberculosis, along with being able to better assess the renal parenchyma and surrounding spaces. (medscape.com)
Renal involvement may be indolent, with a latency period of more than 20 years after the primary infection to the appearance of urinary tract symptoms of hematuria and stone disease. (medscape.com)
In patients with renal tuberculosis, treatment involves antitubercular drugs, with surgical excision as an adjunct to antitubercular therapy. (medscape.com)
up to 20% of patients have chronic course of the lung disease (called advanced pulmonary sarcoidosis, APS) resulting in progressive loss of lung function, sometimes life-threatening that can lead to respiratory failure and death. (bvsalud.org)
Heterogeneous1
They appear as solitary or multiple irregular hypoechoic masses with heterogeneous echotexture and increased echogenicity in the surrounding mesentery and omentum on USG and show increased internal vascularity on colour Doppler. (sajr.org.za)
Patterns1
They demonstrate various contrast enhancement patterns including early peripheral enhancement because of vascular tissue ( Figure 1 ), delayed central enhancement of the fibrotic components, heterogenous, homogenous and absent enhancement. (sajr.org.za)
Contrast enhancement1
Strong contrast enhancement is usually seen in the solid component or the wall of the intratumoral cyst 5 . (radiopaedia.org)
Gastric1
Interdigitates with gastric columnar epithelium at or below diaphragm with the irregular boundary forming the Z line. (radiologyassistant.nl)
Involvement1
This article, besides being a general presentation of Whipple disease, focuses on both the neurologic manifestations and specifics of diagnosis and treatment of Whipple disease with symptomatic CNS involvement (CNS-WD). (medscape.com)
Diagnosis5
Because of the lack of clinical features, diagnosis of genital tuberculosis may be difficult (see the images below). (medscape.com)
Diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis may be challenging because of its clinical and radiologic spectra and because it can mimic many other disease entities. (medscape.com)
CT plays an essential role in the diagnosis of mesenteric disease. (sajr.org.za)
1949: Black-Schaffer advanced the diagnosis, proved the systemic nature of this disease, and raised the suspicion of an infectious cause for Whipple disease. (medscape.com)
TBM is a very critical disease in terms of fatal outcome and permanent sequelae, requiring rapid diagnosis and treatment. (medscape.com)
Clinically1
The spleen, sometimes called "the forgotten organ" of the abdomen, has received less attention than other abdominal solid organs, as splenic diseases are less common and frequently clinically asymptomatic [ 1 ]. (e-ultrasonography.org)
Clinical2
Recent studies have provided new insights into the genetic factors and immune components involved in the clinical manifestation of the disease. (bvsalud.org)
Currently, more than 2 billion people (ie, one third of the world's population) are infected with tuberculosis (TB), of which approximately 10% will develop clinical disease. (medscape.com)
Systemic1
Sarcoidosis is a systemic disease of unknown aetiology, which is diagnosed based on the presence of non-caseating granulomas on histology. (bvsalud.org)
Tract3
After the lungs, the genitourinary tract is the most common site of tuberculosis (see the image below). (medscape.com)
Extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma is a rare non-Hodgkin lymphoma mainly involving the upper aerodigestive tract, even rarer is primary extranasal disease involving the intestine. (frontiersin.org)
Multiple2
Colonoscopy showed multiple irregular ulcers in colon. (frontiersin.org)
A total of three colonoscopes and biopsies were performed for the patient, and the results showed multiple irregular ulcers in the whole colon ( Figure 1 ). (frontiersin.org)
Abnormal1
Image next to it shows abnormal gastroesophageal junction: Barium outlines thick, irregular mucosal folds (asterisks). (radiologyassistant.nl)
Patients1
He identified periodic acid-Schiff (PAS)-staining granules, most likely representing degenerating bacterial forms, within macrophages isolated from the small bowel as well as other tissue and fluid specimens (eg, pericardium, endocardium, lymph nodes, synovia, lung, brain, meninges) obtained from patients in whom Whipple disease was suspected. (medscape.com)
Present1
Females with genital tuberculosis may present with infertility, menstrual disorders, and pain. (medscape.com)
Symptoms1
1952: Paulley was first to report a case of a patient with histologically proven Whipple disease whose symptoms responded to chloramphenicol. (medscape.com)
Common2
Evaluation of the mesentery is often neglected during routine ultrasound (US) because of inadequate training and unfamiliarity with the common US features encountered with mesenteric disease. (sajr.org.za)
Granulomatous myopathy (GM) is a rare disease characterized by non-caseating inflammation of the skeletal muscle, with sarcoidosis as a common cause. (bvsalud.org)
Lung1
Sarcoidosis is a multisystemic disease of unknown etiology characterized by the formation of granulomas in various organs, especially lung and mediastinal hilar lymph nodes. (bvsalud.org)
Prediction of prognosis of TBM is difficult because of the protracted course, diversity of underlying pathological mechanisms, variation of host immunity, and virulence of M tuberculosis. (medscape.com)
Made1
The hallmark of the pathologic report was the marked infiltration by foamy macrophages of joints and aortic valves, and prominent deposits of fat within intestinal mucosa and mesenteric lymph nodes, which made Whipple consider this case an obscure disease of fat metabolism and propose the name intestinal lipodystrophy. (medscape.com)
Stage1
It is a stage IV disease, and median overall survival is of the order of approximately 16 months 7,8 . (radiopaedia.org)
Case1
1923: A second case of Whipple disease was reported in the literature. (medscape.com)
Appearance1
Whipple disease bacillus has a characteristic trilamellar appearance on EM. (medscape.com)