SIV isolates are clearly distinct from Type D primate retrovirus (i.e., simian retrovirus 1)that also causes a form of chronic wasting immunodeficiency disease in several primate species (ll). (cdc.gov)
Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 or human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV-I), also called the adult T-cell lymphoma virus type 1, is a retrovirus of the human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV) family that has been implicated in several kinds of diseases including very aggressive adult T-cell lymphoma (ATL), HTLV-I-associated myelopathy, uveitis, Strongyloides stercoralis hyper-infection and some other diseases. (wikipedia.org)
Serological evidence for virus related to simian T-lymphotropic retrovirus III in residents of west Africa. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Immunodeficiency virus7
Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) belongs to the family Retroviridae (subfamily Lentivirinae) and is closely related to human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2 (HIV-1 and HIV-2), the etiologic agents of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). (cdc.gov)
Molecular characterization of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 and -2 in individuals from Guinea-Bissau with single or dual infections: predominance of a distinct HIV-1 subtype A/G recombinant in West Africa. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 2-mediated inhibition of HIV type 1: a new approach to gene therapy of HIV-infection. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Cytotoxic T cells from human immunodeficiency virus type 2-infected patients frequently cross-react with different human immunodeficiency virus type 1 clades. (microbiologyresearch.org)
External envelope protein of the human immunodeficiency virus which is encoded by the HIV env gene. (lookformedical.com)
Transmembrane envelope protein of the HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS which is encoded by the HIV env gene. (lookformedical.com)
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Outbreak Investigation Among Persons Who Inject Drugs in Massachusetts Enhanced by HIV Sequence Data. (cdc.gov)
Strain1
The cell tropism of SIV in culture depends partially on the strain of virus propagated and conditions of cell culture. (cdc.gov)
Infection9
It is thought that about 1-5% of infected persons develop cancer as a result of the infection with HTLV-I over their lifetimes. (wikipedia.org)
The infection rate is about 1% in Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, and Vanuatu, where the genotype C predominates. (wikipedia.org)
Plasma viral load in HIV-1 and HIV-2 singly and dually infected individuals in Guinea-Bissau, West Africa: significantly lower plasma virus set point in HIV-2 infection than in HIV-1 infection. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Diagnosis of HIV-1/2 dual infection using dilution analysis of type-specific antibody. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Low peripheral blood viral HIV-2 RNA in individuals with high CD4 percentage differentiates HIV-2 from HIV-1 infection. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Several characteristics of the female genital tract make it suitable for inoculation, establishment of infection, and systemic spread of the virus, which causes local changes that may favor the development of infections by other pathogens, often called sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). (hindawi.com)
Moreover, The use of animals as surrogate rine host, can provide a platform for animal models for tumour viruses in hosts for the study of human tu- in vivo infection. (who.int)
Polyomavirus3
and closely related to the African green monkey lymphotropic and trichodysplasia spinulosa-associated polyomavirus polyomavirus. (cdc.gov)
Natural sequences from a patient with MCC with sequences from hosts for Polyomaviridae are primates, including humans healthy controls, we identifi ed a human polyomavirus and monkeys, cattle, rabbits, rodents, and birds ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
Currently, viruses in this family that infect humans are related to the lymphotropic polyomavirus (LPV). (cdc.gov)
Infect1
For this reason, the infect humans, this virus can infect cordance between humans and ex- question about tumour site concor- several other species - including perimental animals. (who.int)
Viral8
These results provide information on the viral polyomaviruses 6 and 7 (HPyV6 and HPyV7) have been ecology of human skin and raise new questions regarding detected in cutaneous swab specimens of healthy persons the pathology of virus-associated skin disorders. (cdc.gov)
Once integrated, HTLV-1 continues to exist only as a provirus which can spread from cell to cell through a viral synapse. (wikipedia.org)
HIV-1-induced cell fusion is mediated by multiple regions within both the viral envelope and the CCR-5 co-receptor. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Attachement of the viral proteins to host receptors triggers lipid-mediated endocytosis of the virus into the host cell. (expasy.org)
Despois de entraren na célula diana, o xenoma de ARN viral convértese (por reversotranscrición ) en ADN bicatenario pola acción do encima codificado no virus transcriptase inversa que se transporta en forma de encima xa formado dentro da partícula vírica, xunto co propio xenoma. (wikipedia.org)
O ADN viral resultante é importado despois ao núcleo celular e intégrase no ADN celular pola acción do encima integrase codificado no virus e de cofactores do hóspede. (wikipedia.org)
Alternativamente, o virus pode tamén ser transcrito , producindo novas copias do xenoma de ARN viral que se traducen formando proteínas virais que se empaquetan formando novas partículas víricas, que son liberadas da célula e empezan así un novo ciclo de replicación. (wikipedia.org)
[ 13 ] Está formado por un xenoma constituído por dúas copias de ARN monocatenario positivo que codifica os nove xenes do virus e unha cápside cónica que o rodea composta por 2.000 copias da proteína viral p24 . (wikipedia.org)
Species5
Species of the genus LENTIVIRUS, subgenus primate immunodeficiency viruses (IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUSES, PRIMATE), that induces acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in monkeys and apes (SAIDS). (lookformedical.com)
Among the biological agents re- because species specificity limits the causes lymphoproliferative diseas- viewed in Volume 100B of the IARC feasibility of this approach for most of es in New World monkeys and in Monographs (IARC, 2012) are sever- these viruses. (who.int)
One exception is hu- humanized SCID mice, the use of al oncogenic viruses that are strictly man T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 surrogate hosts has not proven very species-specific, causing cancer in (HTLV-1): in addition to its ability to useful for defining tumour site con- humans only. (who.int)
For other human tumour virus- primate species are related to the hu- tween data in humans and in experi- es, the use of humanized severe man tumour viruses, the incidence of mental animals is not obvious. (who.int)
However, except non-primate species often do not mour viruses is often problematic, for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), which accurately reflect the mechanism of Part 1 · Chapter 9. (who.int)
LENTIVIRUS2
[ 7 ] Os lentivirus teñen moitas morfoloxías e propiedades biolóxicas en común. (wikipedia.org)
[ 8 ] Os lentivirus transmítense como virus de ARN con envoltura monocatenarios de sentido positivo. (wikipedia.org)
Also, SIV is distinct from simian T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (STLY-I) which shares extensive genomic sequences with human T-lymphotropic virus type I and is associated with T-cell lymphomas in nonhuman primates (12). (cdc.gov)
Induces2
Moreover, these receptors are functional, as treatment of FRT tissue cells with ligands for TLR and NOD induces production of proinflammatory CXCL8 [ 13 ], and those receptors actively participate in immune response to pathogens, as Neisseria gonorrhea and HIV-1 [ 14 ]. (hindawi.com)
For instance, mice are able to reconstitute most lymphomas in monkeys and humans woodchuck hepatitis virus induces major components of the human provides strong support for a direct hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) haematolymphoid system including oncogenic role of EBV in vivo. (who.int)
Genotypes4
Seven HTLV-1 genotypes are recognised-HTLV-1a through HTLV-1g. (wikipedia.org)
Simian HTLV-1 genotypes are interspersed in between the human genotypes indicating frequent animal-human and human-animal transmission. (wikipedia.org)
The only human genotype that does not have a simian relative is A. It is thought that genotypes B, D, E, F and G originated in Africa from closely related STLV about 30,000 years ago, while the Asian genotype C is thought to have originated independently in Indonesia from the simians present there. (wikipedia.org)
Encephalomyocarditis viruses were identified in semicaptive bonobos, although identified genotypes were different from those identified in the previous fatal myocarditis epidemic at the same site in 2009. (bvsalud.org)
Bacteria1
Here, 91 stool samples from semicaptive bonobos and bonobos reintroduced in the wild, in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, were screened for different infectious agents: viruses, bacteria and parasites. (bvsalud.org)
Animal viruses1
Layers of protein which surround the capsid in animal viruses with tubular nucleocapsids. (lookformedical.com)
Type1
Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 transmission dynamics in rural villages in the democratic republic of the congo with high nonhuman primate exposure. (cdc.gov)
Secretions2
Limited data exist concerning the presence or concentration of virus in semen, cervical secretions, saliva, urine, breast milk, and amniotic fluids of experimentally or naturally infected nonhuman primates. (cdc.gov)
Few, if any, free virions are produced and there is usually no detectable virus in the blood plasma though the virus is present in genital secretions. (wikipedia.org)
Human3
Proteins synthesized by HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUSES such as the HIV-1 and HIV-2 . (lookformedical.com)
Animal models for human tumour mental animals is not easy to answer does induce adult T-cell leukaemia/ viruses that make use of animal virus- for these agents, because cancer bi- lymphoma (ATLL), albeit in monkeys es are scarce. (who.int)
These in vitro, and their expression in these human tumour virus. (who.int)
Infectious2
Selected BAC clones were reconstituted to infectious viruses, growing to similar high titers as parental CCMV. (bvsalud.org)
Antibodies that reduce or abolish some biological activity of a soluble antigen or infectious agent, usually a virus. (lookformedical.com)
Genital1
The average prevalence of coinfection between HIV and genital inflammatory diseases is of 16.3% [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
Monkeys1
The seroprevalence of SIV among rhesus monkeys in captive colonies (whether from natural infections or interspecies transmission) appears to be low (i.e., 0-1%) (6). (cdc.gov)
Identification of an HIV-1 and Neurosyphilis Cluster in Vermont. (cdc.gov)
Molecular2
Molecular Epidemiological Analysis of the Origin and Transmission Dynamics of the HIV-1 CRF01_AE Sub-Epidemic in Bulgaria. (cdc.gov)
Molecular Epidemiology of the HIV-1 Subtype B Sub-Epidemic in Bulgaria. (cdc.gov)
Family1
In this study of the skin virome of a patient with MCC, olyomaviridae is a family of nonenveloped viruses using high-throughput sequencing (HTS) and comparing with a circular double-stranded DNA genome. (cdc.gov)
African1
In Americas the virus is found in indigenous populations and descendants of African ancestry from where it is thought to have originated. (wikipedia.org)
Cell4
In a first functional experiment, we investigated a proposed frameshift mutation in UL128 that was suspected to restrict CCMV's cell tropism. (bvsalud.org)
This inactivates the integrated virus but can give the host cell a replicative advantage sometimes leading to malignant tumours. (expasy.org)
cell for the virus is placed in a mu- studies costly and difficult. (who.int)
These results show that LMP1 , mour viruses classified by IARC in EBV-specific T-cell response. (who.int)
Analysis1
Specifi c PCR analysis further identifi ed this virus in 2/8 patients with MCC but in only 1/111 controls (TSPyV), associated with a rare skin condition in without MCC. (cdc.gov)
Agents1
For some, this is an impenetrable barrier for agents such as HIV, but Langerhans cells within the squamous layer have been shown to transmit the virus for target cells [ 20 ]. (hindawi.com)
High1
In Europe HTLV-1 is still uncommon, although it is present in some high-risk populations, including immigrants and intravenous drug users. (wikipedia.org)
Comparison1
Prospective comparison of mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 and HIV-2 in Abidjan, Ivory Coast. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Layer1
The envelope consists of an inner layer of lipids and virus specified proteins also called membrane or matrix proteins. (lookformedical.com)