ScopolamineDaturaHyoscyamineSecondary metabolitesBiosynthesis of the tropanePyrrolizidineHallucinogenicPurine AlkaloidsIsoquinolinePlantPoisonousPhenolicsSolanaceaePharmacologicalInhibitCocaineOpiumToxicDerivativesPyrroleHerbalCompoundsHyoscyamusExtractionOccurrenceAnticholinergicSpeciesOccurTeasClassificationPlantsBitterPresenceLeavesGreatlyDependsPhysiologicalDefinitionActiveNatural
Scopolamine7
- Certain tropane alkaloids such as cocaine and scopolamine are notorious for their psychoactive effects, related usage and cultural associations. (wikipedia.org)
- The tropane alkaloids atropine, scopolamine, and hyoscyamine are highly anticholinergic compounds found in a number of plants. (medscape.com)
- Tropane alkaloids (TA) including anisodamine, anisodine, hyoscyamine and scopolamine are a group of important anticholinergic drugs with rapidly increasing market demand, so it is significant to improve TA production by biotechnological approaches. (biomedcentral.com)
- Gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy revealed amounts of scopolamine in samples submitted to all treatments, except X-I, in which the amount of this alkaloid was low. (scielo.br)
- The toxic berry of Atropa belladonna which contains the tropane deliriants scopolamine , atropine , and hyoscyamine . (wikipedia.org)
- However, these samples contained other psychoactive compounds, such as psychoactive tryptamines (5-methoxy-N,N-diisopropyltryptamine and 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine), reversible monoamine oxidase inhibitors (harmine and harmaline) and tropane alkaloids (atropine and scopolamine), which were not quantified. (erowid.org)
- The shamans also use this plant to create medicine, because they contain the tropane alkaloids atropine and scopolamine in the flower, leaves and seed. (garyascott.com)
Datura6
- Many cultures worldwide add plants with tropane alkaloids (particularly Datura species) to alcoholic beverages to increase intoxication. (medscape.com)
- The cereal was found to have been contaminated with tropane alkaloids from seeds of Datura stramonium that had invaded grain fields. (medscape.com)
- The present paper reports results of the effect of Potato virus X (PVX) on the contents of total phenols and alkaloids in leaves of Datura stramonium. (scielo.br)
- The genus has long been the subject of legend thanks to the hallucinogenic and poisonous tropane alkaloids present in all datura types. (gardenguides.com)
- Abstract: This research aims to use extracts of tropane alkaloids in Datura stramonium using known extraction procedures followed by microencapsulation in order to facilitate environmental protection and sustainable development. (ad-astra.ro)
- Alkaloids are found as secondary metabolites in plants (e.g. in Vinca and Datura), animals (e.g. in shellfish) and fungi, and can be extracted from their sources by treatment with acids (usually hydrochloric acid or sulphuric acid, though organic acids, such as maleic acid and citric acid are sometimes used). (pharmacy180.com)
Hyoscyamine1
- Additionally a metabolism study with [1′-C-13, 3′, 3′-H-2(2)]-hyoscyamine has established that the alkaloid is metabolically stable at C-3′ with no evidence for a reversible in vivo oxidation process to the corresponding aldehyde. (sinapse.ac.uk)
Secondary metabolites2
- Tropane alkaloids are a class of bicyclic [3.2.1] alkaloids and secondary metabolites that contain a tropane ring in their chemical structure. (wikipedia.org)
- Tropane alkaloids (TAs) are secondary metabolites which naturally occur in plants of several families including Brassicaceae, Solanaceae (e.g. mandrake, henbane, deadly nightshade, Jimson weed) and Erythroxylaceae (including coca). (fsai.ie)
Biosynthesis of the tropane3
- The biosynthesis of the tropane alkaloids have attracted intense interest because of their high physiological activity as well as the presence of the bicyclic tropane core. (wikipedia.org)
- A critical review of the biosynthesis of the tropane and tobacco alkaloids is presented in conjunction with a simplified description of the production and manipulation of transformed root cultures. (gla.ac.uk)
- The enantiomerically labelled putrescines, (R)-[1-2H]- and (S)-[1-2H]putrescine were synthesised in order to study the biosynthesis of the tropane ring. (gla.ac.uk)
Pyrrolizidine1
Hallucinogenic2
- A subgroup of the alkaloids is the alkaloid amines, which include three major pharmacologic groups: the hallucinogenic alkaloid amines, the stimulant alkaloid amines, and the tropane alkaloids (also called the belladonna alkaloids or bicyclic alkaloids). (medscape.com)
- The root of the mandrake contains a collection of powerful hallucinogenic compounds called tropane alkaloids . (tripsitter.com)
Purine Alkaloids2
- Purine Alkaloids, Cytokinins, and Purine Like Neurotoxin Alkaloids. (novapublishers.com)
- Nearly 20% of plant species accumulate alkaloids, which mainly include terpenoid indole alkaloids, tropane alkaloids and purine alkaloids 3 . (scialert.net)
Isoquinoline2
- β-Phenylethylamines and the isoquinoline alkaloids. (novapublishers.com)
- Isoquinoline alkaloids - Isoquinoline alkaloids 1-Benzyl isoquinoline type: Papaverine: An opiate alkaloid isolated from the plant Papaver somniferum and produced synthetically. (powershow.com)
Plant7
- Tropane alkaloids occur naturally in many members of the plant family Solanaceae. (wikipedia.org)
- Stimulants and cocaine-related alkaloids: Cocaine, from coca plant (Erythroxylum coca) Ecgonine, a precursor and metabolite of cocaine Benzoylecgonine, a metabolite of cocaine Hydroxytropacocaine, from coca plant (Erythroxylum coca) Methylecgonine cinnamate, from coca plant (Erythroxylum coca) Catuabines, found in catuaba, an infusion or dry extract made from Erythroxylum vaccinifolium Scopine Synthetic analogs of tropane alkaloids also exist, such as the phenyltropanes. (wikipedia.org)
- Alkaloids are plant metabolites that have a nitrogen-containing chemical ring structure, alkali-like chemical reactivity, and pharmacologic activity. (medscape.com)
- All parts of the plant contain tropane alkaloids[254]. (pfaf.org)
- The alkaloid content also varies according to the development of the plant, being low when the plant is flowering and very high when bearing green berries[240]. (pfaf.org)
- Plant tropane alkaloid biosynthesis evolved independently in the Solanaceae and Erythroxylaceae. (mpg.de)
- EU) 2023/915 addresses dozens of impurities from plant alkaloids and heavy metals to dioxins and PCBs. (measurlabs.com)
Poisonous1
- Even though many alkaloids are poisonous (e.g. strychnine or coniine), some are used in medicine as analgesics (pain relievers) or anaesthetics, particularly morphine and codeine. (pharmacy180.com)
Phenolics1
- Chemically, these compounds are either nitrogen-containing (alkaloids) or nitrogen-deficient (terpenoids and phenolics) 2 . (scialert.net)
Solanaceae1
- The same is also true of many other plants belonging to subfamily Solanoideae of the Solanaceae, the alkaloids being concentrated particularly in the leaves and seeds. (wikipedia.org)
Pharmacological4
- Particular tropane alkaloids such as these have pharmacological properties and can act as anticholinergics or stimulants. (wikipedia.org)
- Recent trends in pharmacological activity of alkaloids in animal colitis: potential use for inflammatory bowel disease. (novapublishers.com)
- Pharmacological activity of alkaloids: a review. (novapublishers.com)
- An alkaloid is a nitrogenous organic molecule that has a pharmacological effect on humans and animals. (pharmacy180.com)
Inhibit2
- These alkaloids inhibit the parasympathetic nervous system which controls involuntary body activities. (pfaf.org)
- Tropane alkaloids inhibit the proteinases and native/active site shall be secured, by introducing the microcapsules incorporated in the aqueous phase. (ad-astra.ro)
Cocaine1
Opium1
- Alkaloids (Lecture 5) - Alkaloids (Lecture 5) By Ms. Tehseen Quds Learning Objectives At the end of this lecture students will be able to: Identify Opium and their alkaloids. (powershow.com)
Toxic4
- Analysis of toxic alkaloids in body samples. (novapublishers.com)
- Like many members of the Solanum genus, devil's thorn contains highly toxic tropane alkaloids. (gardeningknowhow.com)
- Tropane alkaloids are highly toxic and cause drug-induced delirium. (tripsitter.com)
- The has never been any research on the specific dose of mandrake or its tropane alkaloids because these compounds are toxic to both the mind and body. (tripsitter.com)
Derivatives1
- Usually alkaloids are derivatives from amino acids. (pharmacy180.com)
Pyrrole1
- Synthesis of pyrrole and carbazole alkaloids. (novapublishers.com)
Herbal1
- Chinese herbal medicines containing tropane alkaloids have been used to treat asthma, chronic bronchitis, pain, and flu symptoms. (medscape.com)
Compounds2
- [ 1 ] The alkaloids represent a very diverse group of medically significant compounds that include well-known drugs such as the opiates. (medscape.com)
- Thirty-four alkaloids were identified in the organs of Hyoscyamus albus L. by gas-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (GLC-MS). Eight new compounds for the roots, eleven for the stems, twelve for the leaves, nineteen for the flowers, and seven for the seeds were detected. (degruyter.com)
Hyoscyamus1
- The alkaloids 5-(2-oxopropyl)-hygrine (8) and phygrine (20) are new for this species and 3-(hydroxyacetoxy)tropane (9), 6,7-dehydro-3-phenylacetoxytropane (15), 3-(2'-phenylpropionyloxy) tropane (17), 6,7-dehydro-3-apotropoyloxytropane (18), 3-(3'-methoxytropoyloxy)tropane (23), and aponorscopolamine (25) are described for the first time for the genus Hyoscyamus. (degruyter.com)
Extraction2
- There are various extraction and isolation methods, available to obtain alkaloids in a smooth manner, where some are common and some are specific. (novapublishers.com)
- Herein, this work is a comprehensive revision of the web of knowledge on the introductory sight of alkaloids, their classification, extraction techniques, identification tests and pharmaceutical applications. (novapublishers.com)
Occurrence1
Anticholinergic3
- Although most tropane alkaloids cause an anticholinergic syndrome, a case report indicates that the tropane alkaloid-containing medicinal herb Erycibe henri Prain ("Ting Kung Teng") contains a tropane alkaloid that may cause a cholinergic syndrome, as well as kidney, liver, and erythrocyte toxicity. (medscape.com)
- [ 14 ] This is considered atypical for the tropane alkaloids, which are predominantly strongly anticholinergic. (medscape.com)
- Toxicity from plants containing tropane alkaloids manifests as classic anticholinergic poisoning. (medscape.com)
Species1
- In this project, our goal was to validate the developed method through analysing the alkaloid-rich fractions of three Colchicum species that had been previously studied phytochemically using the traditional bioactivity-guided fractionation methodology. (degruyter.com)
Occur1
- Symptoms usually occur 30-60 minutes after ingestion and may continue for 24-48 hours because tropane alkaloids delay gastric emptying and absorption. (medscape.com)
Teas1
- Since ancient times, people have used plants containing alkaloids as remedies in the form of teas, poultices, potions, etc. to treat some diseases or sometimes as poison and dyes. (novapublishers.com)
Classification1
- The widespread distribution of alkaloids and their wide array of structures makes their classification often difficult, hence, there are different classification methods are been reported for better understanding. (novapublishers.com)
Plants1
Bitter1
- Most alkaloids have a very bitter taste. (pharmacy180.com)
Presence2
- This unfortunately resulted in the presence of tropane alkaloids in the chips. (planetorganic.com)
- Category 2 Food Alert for Information: Independent Irish Health Foods is recalling some batches of Organic Millet Pops due to the possible presence of tropane alkaloids. (fsai.ie)
Leaves1
- A significant decrease in the contents of phenols and alkaloids was observed in leaves inoculated with PVX (X-I). However, there was an increase in the percentage of phenols in leaves rubbed with phosphate buffer (C1-I) and in leaves from the nodes immediately above, possibly induced by mechanical injury. (scielo.br)
Greatly1
- However, the concentration of alkaloids can vary greatly, even from leaf to leaf and seed to seed. (wikipedia.org)
Depends1
- In modern days, the biological significance of alkaloids depends on their significant relationship with health benefits. (novapublishers.com)
Physiological1
- In general, many alkaloids are pharmacologically active and possess various physiological activities in humans and animals. (novapublishers.com)
Definition1
- They are not considered to be alkaloids per definition. (wikipedia.org)
Active2
- It was found that the active substances (tropane alkaloids) protected by encapsulation kept constant their activity after microencapsulation. (ad-astra.ro)
- Harvesters may have gotten some of the active tropane alkaloids into the bloodstream through an open wound or cut while harvesting, which could have resulted in death. (tripsitter.com)