Triggered by tumor cells lymphocytes tumor infiltrating. Medical search. Frequent questions

Progressive upregulation of checkpoints on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes promotes an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, severely compromising tumor immunity. (aacrjournals.org)
These studies and others supported the idea that bone cells create the HSC niche, and all the research that elucidated this specialized hematopoietic microenvironment stemmed from these landmark studies. (wikipedia.org)
Although there is ample evidence that the chemotherapeutic drugs trigger an immune response, the efficient tumor rejection or regression is not guaranteed probably due to the massive immunosuppression within the tumor microenvironment. (thno.org)
This work represents a novel approach for cancer immunotherapy by integrating nanotechnology and platinum-based therapeutics which not only efficiently exerts the chemotherapeutic cytotoxic effect on tumor cell but also restores immune response of immunological cells within the tumor microenvironment. (thno.org)
First, the stimulatory or death signals are released from apoptotic tumor cells into the tumor microenvironment. (thno.org)
During the early phase of tumor development, immune cells could spontaneously infiltrate into the tumor microenvironment to evoke an immune response and fight against the growth of the tumor. (thno.org)
RIG-I expression and activity is retained in most cancer cells and cells of the tumor microenvironment (TME). (vanderbilt.edu)
Overall, these findings demonstrate hat RIG-I agonist have the capacity to induce tumor cell killing and modulate the tumor microenvironment in vivo. (vanderbilt.edu)
However, the tumor microenvironment (TME) imposes different mechanisms that facilitate the impairment of DC functions, such as inefficient antigen presentation or polarization into immunosuppressive DCs. (mdpi.com)
While GB tumors are frequently infiltrated by natural killer (NK) cells, these are actively suppressed by the GB cells and the GB tumor microenvironment. (frontiersin.org)
Here, we discuss effects of the GB tumor microenvironment on NK-cell functionality, summarize early treatment attempts with ex vivo activated NK cells, and describe relevant CAR target antigens validated with CAR-T cells. (frontiersin.org)
Nevertheless, the composition of the immunologic tumor microenvironment undergoes changes upon radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or even after anti-angiogenic therapy ( 6 ). (frontiersin.org)
Inefficient T-cell access to the tumor microenvironment (TME) is among the causes of tumor immune-resistance. (biomedcentral.com)
γδ T cells recruited into the tumor microenvironment can act as effector cells to mediate cancer immune surveillance. (explorationpub.com)
Therefore, an in-depth understanding of γδ T cells that play conflicting roles in the tumor microenvironment is necessary. (explorationpub.com)
Immune cells can be recruited to the tumor site and form what is known as the tumor microenvironment. (sciencedaily.com)
Our syngeneic OT mammary fat pad model displays an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment ( Figure 2 ) and is characterized as doxorubicin-responsive ( Figure 1 ) while not responding to standard immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) ( Figure 3 ). (explicyte.com)
It has been suggested that tumor necroptosis affects tumor progression through modulating the tumor microenvironment. (biomedcentral.com)
We in the beginning set out to characterize the effects of NDV within the microenvironment of the virus-injected tumors and distant tumors, modeling metastatic disease. (chiflatironsofficial.com)
Oncolytic viruses (OVs) remodel the tumor microenvironment by switching a "cold" tumor into a "hot" tumor with high CD8+ T-cell infiltration. (nagoya-u.ac.jp)
Taken together, our findings may reveal mechanisms that allow OVs to trigger an antitumor immune response, irrespective of a PD-L1-enriched tumor microenvironment, by recruitment of CD8+PD-1− TILs. (nagoya-u.ac.jp)
Specifically, the concepts of tumour heterogeneity, oncogene addiction, non-oncogene addiction, tumour initiating cells, tumour microenvironment, non-coding sequences and DNA damage response will be reviewed. (bmj.com)

Background Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) is a promising immunotherapeutic approach for patients with advanced solid tumors. (bmj.com)
However, tumour infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and the expression of programmed cell death ligand (PD-L1) are used as prognostic indicators in EOC. (figshare.com)
CRT was responsible for an accumulation of CD8 + TILs in the tumor whereas SRT mainly triggered an ingress of T reg . (biomedcentral.com)
In these pioneering studies by Steven Rosenberg, tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) were isolated from patients with melanoma, then activated and expanded before reinfusion into the patients. (nature.com)
In the first published gene therapy clinical trial, TILs engineered to express a foreign gene with a retrovirus to mark the infused cells were safely transferred to patients. (nature.com)
In contrast to other cancers such as adenocarcinomas of the lung or melanoma, primary brain tumors like GB and low grade gliomas (LGG) are known as rather immunologically "cold" tumors, typically with low numbers of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) ( 4 ), and the mere amount of TILs is not associated with patient survival ( 5 ). (frontiersin.org)
Numerous studies are looking at improving responses, including research focusing on enhancing tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). (clinicalnews.org)
TILs are immune cells in tumors that can recognize and attack the cancer cells but often there aren't enough of them or they're unable to harness a strong enough response to durably suppress tumor growth and spread. (clinicalnews.org)
However, we have found that raising L-fucose levels via dietary supplementation can suppress tumors, markedly increase TILs and enhance the efficacy of some immunotherapies in our animal models. (clinicalnews.org)
The research team wanted to determine the mechanisms underlying how L-fucose appeared to increase TILs and trigger their antitumor activity. (clinicalnews.org)
In mouse experiments, they found that administration of oral L-fucose increased the levels of L-fucose in tumor cells, reduced tumor growth and increased the total levels of TILs. (clinicalnews.org)
Their studies found that of the many types of immune cells that comprise TILs, CD4 + T cells play a crucial role in mediating the increase in TILs that suppress melanomas during L-fucose treatment. (clinicalnews.org)
Researchers determined that the number of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) present in esophageal cancer tumors correlated with patient long-term survival rates. (sciencedaily.com)
A high number of TILs could also help predict a patient's response to treatment aiming to pre-operatively shrink the tumor. (sciencedaily.com)
A subset of these are called tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). (sciencedaily.com)
In an article published in Annals of Surgery , a team led by physician researchers at Osaka University determined that the number of TILs present in tumors from esophageal cancer (EC) patients could indicate their likelihood of survival. (sciencedaily.com)
Immune cells called cytotoxic T cells, which are part of the TILs, are particularly good at doing this. (sciencedaily.com)
Recently, a scoring system, known as the Immunoscore (IS), has been used to quantify the number of TILs present in and around a tumor. (sciencedaily.com)
To evaluate this, the team used a technique called immunohistochemistry that could help them visualize the TILs within the mixture of other cell types in the tumor. (sciencedaily.com)
The percentage of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) was determined. (oncotarget.com)
Data from medical trials recognized pre-existing tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and an immune-active tumor transcriptional profile as strong predictors of response to immunotherapy(6, 7), with type I interferon (IFN) growing as an important pathway in CD8-mediated tumor rejection(8, 9). (chiflatironsofficial.com)
Surprisingly, we observed that C-REV treatment increased the abundance of activated CD8+PD-1− tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in the tumor on both the injected and contralateral sides, although infiltration of CD8+PD-1high TILs into the tumor was observed in the control group. (nagoya-u.ac.jp)
In addition, changes in expression of T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain containing-3 and T-cell immune-receptor with Ig and ITIM domains were not observed on CD8+ TILs after C-REV treatment. (nagoya-u.ac.jp)

Finally, the innate immunity or adaptive immunity is stimulated leading to regulation and inhibition of tumor growth. (thno.org)
These reports indicate that therapeutic RIG-I signaling operates at the interface of innate and adaptive immunity within breast tumors to redirect T-cell responses in the TME. (vanderbilt.edu)
Since the immune system is affected by behavioural stress and the beta-adrenergic signalling pathway, this study aimed to explore the impact of propranolol (PRO), a beta-blocker, on anti-tumour immunity in both in vitro and in vivo EOC models. (figshare.com)
The combined therapy of PRO and PD-(L)1 inhibitor decreased metastasis and improved anti-tumour immunity offering a promising new therapy. (figshare.com)
Innate immunity resides in the skin, mucous membranes, polymorphonuclear (PMN) cells, complement system, and a select group of cells that possess cytotoxic capabilities. (medscape.com)
Natural-killer (NK) cells are specialized lymphocytes that have cytotoxic properties in addition to their ability to produce cytokines that assist in the orchestration of adaptive immunity. (medscape.com)
Organic killer cells are the important components in tumor immunity and defects in function are required for tumor immune system escape. (research-in-field.com)
In the context of cancer, appropriately activated DCs can induce anti-tumor immunity by activating innate immune cells and tumor-specific lymphocytes that target cancer cells. (mdpi.com)
Murine breast carcinoma models suggest disruption of ST2 signaling may enhance the anti-tumor immune response, suggesting IL-33 impedes anti-tumor immunity. (frontiersin.org)
In studies on mouse mammary carcinoma, the IL-33/ST2 pathway promotes BC progression and metastasis through increased intratumoral accumulation of immunosuppressive cells and by diminishing innate anti-tumor immunity ( 11 ). (frontiersin.org)
In this study, we aim to determine the serum level and to detect the expression of IL-33 in human tissues in patients with breast carcinoma, using Luminex-based measurements and immunohistochemistry, to further explore the role of IL-33 in anti-tumor immunity in BC. (frontiersin.org)
More specifically, the RT will include the interrelationship between brain-specific immunity and peripheral immunity, the mechanisms for maintaining brain homeostasis, and the resolution of various insults to the brain, such as tumors, pathogen-induced neuroinflammation, cerebrovascular diseases and stroke, neurodevelopmental disorders, and neurodegenerative diseases. (frontiersin.org)
Studies to antigen uptake, processing and presentation to T cells, the biology of dendritic cells and the regulation of immunity are aimed to raise our understanding of the immune reactions to tumor cells and improve immunotherapy of cancer. (universiteitleiden.nl)
Dijke, P. ten & Cruz, L.J. (2023), Enhancing anti-tumor immunity through liposomal oxaliplatin and localized immunotherapy via STING activation, Journal of Controlled Release 357: 531-544. (universiteitleiden.nl)
Adoptive cellular therapy transmits the sensitized T cells to patients with low cellular immune function, which helps patients obtain antitumor immunity. (hindawi.com)
Among immune cells, Foxp3 + regulatory T cells (Treg cells) are potent inhibitors of cancer immunity, and their presence within solid tumors is generally associated with a poor prognosis. (mdpi.com)
We also highlight the therapeutic approaches aiming at targeting these regulators to enhance anti-tumor immunity. (mdpi.com)
LECs can modulate dendritic cell function, present antigens to T cells on MHC class I and MHC class II molecules, and express immunomodulatory cytokines and receptors, which suggests that their roles in adaptive immunity are far more extensive than previously realized. (jci.org)

Results further suggest significant promise for the development of panels of breast cancer-specific, premalignant-phase autoantibodies, as well as studies on the autoantibody response to tumor associated antigens in the pathogenesis of cancer. (biomedcentral.com)
This process is thought to be mediated by immune cells and no role is considered for the autoantibody response to tumor associated antigens [TAAs]. (biomedcentral.com)
For example, antibodies specific to tumor antigens, adoptively transferred immune cells, therapeutic vaccines, and recombinant cytokines effectively boost the host immune system to recognize tumor cells as pathogens and eliminate them [ 1 - 3 ]. (thno.org)
Then these signals are engulfed as antigens and presented by antigen-presenting cells within the tumor-derived lymph nodes. (thno.org)
The generation of receptors specific for antigens is a unique and complex process that generates 10 12 specific receptors for each cell type of the adaptive immune system, including T and B cells. (medscape.com)
Various cell types can process and present these antigens to T cells, or antigens may be soluble and bound to B-cell receptors. (medscape.com)
In 1989, Zelig Eshhar and colleagues realized that the inability of T cells to recognize surface tumour antigens could be overcome by replacing domains of the T cell receptor (TCR) with antibody parts with specificity towards proteins on these cells. (nature.com)
Physiologic recognition of tumour antigens by T cells is mediated by the TCR-CD3 complex. (nature.com)
Another ACT developed in parallel to CAR T cells is engineering T cells to express TCRs that recognize tumour-associated antigens. (nature.com)
This approach offers the advantage of targeting antigens not present on the cell surface. (nature.com)
NK cells contribute to cancer immune surveillance not only by their direct natural cytotoxicity which is triggered rapidly upon stimulation through germline-encoded cell surface receptors, but also by modulating T-cell mediated antitumor immune responses through maintaining the quality of dendritic cells and enhancing the presentation of tumor antigens. (frontiersin.org)
Licensed recognition of these antigens by effector T cells may in turn trigger the collapse of the tumor stroma and aid in the regression of large vascularized lesions. (gsea-msigdb.org)
Taking advantage of the diverse γδ TCR repertoire or other ligand-receptor interactions, γδ T cells can recognize a broad spectrum of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) in a major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-independent manner, thereby activating downstream pleiotropic effects. (explorationpub.com)
Efficacy was dependent on the number of CD8+ T cells able to recognize tumor antigens that infiltrated the malignant tissue. (unav.edu)
LECs are presumably the first cells that come into direct contact with peripheral antigens, cytokines, danger signals, and immune cells travelling from peripheral tissues to lymph nodes. (jci.org)
Immunologists recognized the importance of lymphatic vessels as channels for leukocyte trafficking from peripheral sites to their draining LNs ( 4 - 6 ), and as conduits for soluble antigens that can be taken up directly by LN-resident B cells and immature DCs ( 7 - 10 ), which help regulate the kinetics of antigen presentation. (jci.org)
The lymphatic vessels and secondary lymphoid organs (SLOs) are arranged in a manner that optimizes interactions among antigens, APCs, and innate and adaptive effector cells. (jci.org)

Macrophages in the adventitia produce pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha. (nih.gov)
For instance, it can aggravate hypoxia and ROS synthesis in tumors and stimulate the secretion of immunosuppressive cytokines. (biomedcentral.com)
Activated CD8 + T cells (and possibly keratinocytes) may release cytokines that attract additional lymphocytes into the developing lesion. (medscape.com)
We detected the expression of IL-33 in tumor tissue, and IL-33 and its related cytokines in serum from BC patients. (frontiersin.org)
IL-33 induces T cells to produce IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13, and potently induces pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines through a Th2-dependent pathway, and also promotes Th1-type responses ( 5 ). (frontiersin.org)
Deletion of IL-33/ST2 function enhances cytotoxicity of NK cells and increases levels of TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-17, and systemic pro-inflammatory cytokines, leading to attenuated tumor growth ( 8 ). (frontiersin.org)
Nevertheless, ex vivo activation with cytokines can restore cytolytic activity of NK cells against GB, indicating that NK cells have potential for adoptive immunotherapy of GB if potent cytotoxicity can be maintained in vivo . (frontiersin.org)
The expression of several activation markers on natural killer (NK) cells and serum concentrations of Th1/Th2 cytokines were also examined. (oncotarget.com)
In this review, we discuss the dualistic effects of histamine: how histamine affects inflammation of the immune system through the activation of intracellular pathways that induce the production of inflammatory mediators and cytokines in different immune cells and how histamine exerts regulatory functions in innate and adaptive immune responses. (hindawi.com)
It neutralizes pathogenic cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-1 as well as superantigens that prevent activation of classes of T lymphocytes. (nursingcenter.com)
CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes play an import role in the inflammatory response, as these cells may manage the profile of cytokines produced against an infectious agent 4 . (bvsalud.org)
Progression of periodontal lesions is caused by dysregulation of molecules (cytokines) released by specific cell populations 5 . (bvsalud.org)
They can be distinguished based on the profile of cytokines produced: Th1 cells produce characteristic cytokines such as IL-2, IFN-γ, TNF-β, IL-12, while active Th2 cells secrete IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10 and IL-136. (bvsalud.org)

Tumor necroptosis often happens in advanced solid tumors, and blocking necroptosis by MLKL deletion in breast cancer dramatically reduces tumor metastasis. (biomedcentral.com)

With a better understanding of molecular details in tumor immunology and tumor biology, tailored cancer immunotherapy is considered as a promising strategy for cancer treatment. (thno.org)
Cancer immunotherapy approaches designed to surmount tumor suppression take into consideration the pivotal molecular processes involved in the activation of immune system. (thno.org)
However, it also points out the weaknesses of immunotherapy, as not all tumors respond to therapy and the co-administration of different immunomodulators may be severely limited due to their systemic toxicity. (mdpi.com)
Furthermore, similar to T cells, specific recognition and elimination of cancer cells by NK cells can be markedly enhanced through expression of chimeric antigen receptors (CARs), which provides an opportunity to generate NK-cell therapeutics of defined specificity for cancer immunotherapy. (frontiersin.org)
We then outline preclinical approaches that employ CAR-NK cells for GB immunotherapy, and give an overview on the ongoing clinical development of ErbB2 (HER2)-specific CAR-NK cells currently applied in a phase I clinical trial in glioblastoma patients. (frontiersin.org)
They found that patients who responded well to anti-PD1 therapy tended to have higher levels of both in their tumors, suggesting that these may be useful as potential biomarkers to predict responsiveness to immunotherapy. (clinicalnews.org)
OT-implanted 4T1 breast tumor-bearing mouse model is not responding to conventional immunotherapy. (explicyte.com)
allogenic natural killer cells (NK-cells) generated ex vivo from umbilical cord blood progenitor cells in cancer immunotherapy. (mastercellbank.com)
The current research aims to better understand the vaccination mechanisms and develop ways to influence the suppressive environment in tumors to allow effective immunotherapy. (universiteitleiden.nl)
Tumor immunotherapy brings substantial and long-term clinical benefits that can even cure tumors. (hindawi.com)
Tumor immunotherapy refers to novel therapeutic measures that turn the immune system into a destructive force against tumors [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
In recent years, tumor immunotherapy has achieved significant success in various cancers and has been one of the hotspots in the life sciences, especially immune checkpoint inhibitors and adoptive cellular therapy [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
As shown by multiplex tissue immunofluorescence and intravital microscopy, combined immunotherapy treatments enhance T cell infiltration and the intratumoral performance of T lymphocytes. (unav.edu)

Despite the existence of a highly immunosuppressive tumor environment, adenovirus-infected cells can nonetheless be efficiently cleared by infiltrating cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) without compromising tumor burden. (aacrjournals.org)
Adoptive cell therapies (ACT) leverage this cytotoxic capacity of T cells to eradicate tumours. (nature.com)
After antigen recognition and activation, CD8 + cytotoxic T cells may trigger keratinocyte apoptosis. (medscape.com)
Unprecedented rates of long-lasting tumor responses can be achieved in patients with a variety of cancers blocking the immune checkpoints with inhibitors (ICI) such as antibodies targeting cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) or the programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) pathway [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Activated γδ T cells exhibit strong cytotoxic activity and cytokine secretion functions and are effective antitumor lymphocytes with simple and direct recognition modes and rapid responses. (explorationpub.com)
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are antibodies that target crucial signaling pathways, such as programmed death 1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4), to improve the activation of T cells and enhance the immune response to cancer cells. (hindawi.com)
In human colorectal cancer cell lines with different levels of EGFR expression (HT-29, WiDr, and CW2), C-REV exhibited cytotoxic effects in a time- and dose-dependent manner, irrespective of EGFR expression. (nagoya-u.ac.jp)

Introduction: CD103+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) have been linked to specific epithelial infiltration and a prolonged survival in epithelial malignancies. (aacrjournals.org)
Combined treatment with the new developed CXCR4 antagonist, Pep R, plus anti-PD-1, reduced tumor-growth in two syngeneic murine models, anti-PD-1 sensitive and resistant, potentiating Granzyme and reducing Foxp3 cells infiltration. (biomedcentral.com)
Pathological scenarios that induce dysfunction of the BBB and its associated cells may lead to the infiltration of lymphocytes crossing over from the blood to brain. (frontiersin.org)
IHC staining of 4T1 tumors shows the presence of F4/80+ macrophages (A) and of CD8+ lymphocytes (B). PD1-expressing immune cells infiltrating the tumor are also present as highlighted in (C). (D) Flow cytometry analysis of 4T1 tumors shows infiltration by CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes, and by myeloid CD11b+ cells. (explicyte.com)
The inflammatory effect coincided with distant tumor infiltration with tumor-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, which was dependent on the identity of the virus-injected tumor. (chiflatironsofficial.com)
Restorative effect was associated with designated distant tumor infiltration with triggered CD8+ and CD4+ effector but not regulatory T cells, and was dependent on CD8+ cells, NK cells and type I interferon. (chiflatironsofficial.com)
These findings provide a strong incentive to explore strategies that could activate the type I IFN pathway and enhance tumor immune infiltration as a means to render tumors sensitive to therapy with immune checkpoint blockade. (chiflatironsofficial.com)
Unexpectedly, we find that intratumoral administration of NDV results in distant (non-virally injected) tumor infiltration with triggered lymphocytes in the absence of distant viral spread. (chiflatironsofficial.com)
The exaggerated immune response to repeated inhalation of these particles leads to infiltration and proliferation of activated pulmonary macrophages and lymphocytes, resulting in lymphocytic alveolitis and bronchiolitis with noncaseating granulomas. (cdc.gov)

In a humanized mouse non-small cell lung carcinoma model, TSR-033 boosted the antitumor efficacy of PD-1 monotherapy, with a concomitant increase in immune activation. (aacrjournals.org)
Analogous studies in a murine syngeneic tumor model using surrogate antibodies demonstrated significant synergy between LAG-3 and PD-1 blockade-combination treatment led to a marked improvement in therapeutic efficacy, increased T-cell proliferation, IFNγ production, and elicited durable immunologic memory upon tumor rechallenge. (aacrjournals.org)
Wpep-DGL/Pt showed potent antitumor efficacy in MDA-MB-231 cells tumor-bearing nude mice with a deficient immune system, demonstrating targeted delivery of chemotherapeutics and the resultant cytotoxicity. (thno.org)
Furthermore, in immunocompetent mice bearing 4T1 cells tumors, Wpep-DGL/Pt activated immune cells and induced cell death proving their dual function of chemotherapeutic and immunomodulatory efficacy. (thno.org)
Other similar second-generation CARs subsequently emerged, incorporating different co-stimulatory domains, such as 4-1BB, which Crystal Mackall and colleagues showed can decrease the T cell exhaustion induced by continuous CAR signalling, thereby improving antitumour efficacy. (nature.com)
In 2017, two studies - the phase II ZUMA-1 trial led by Sattva Neelapu and a case-series study led by Carl June - validated the efficacy of CD19 CAR T cells in patients with refractory B-cell leukaemia and lymphoma. (nature.com)
According to current challenges, there is a need to explore innovative immunotherapies, maximize the tumor-killing efficacy of γδ T cells, and attenuate or eliminate tumor immunosuppression. (explorationpub.com)
Combining tumor-specific adoptive T cell therapy to the aCTLA-4/aPD1/rIL2 or aCTLA-4/aPD1/aCD137 reg-imens enhances efficacy in a synergistic manner. (unav.edu)
Focusing on of the second option with antibodies to immunologic checkpoints such as CTLA-4 and PD-1 shown durable tumor regressions, though the restorative efficacy in individuals and in poorly-immunogenic animal models has not been common(2C5). (chiflatironsofficial.com)
To address the limitations of these two restorative approaches, we explored whether the inflammatory reactions generated by OVs with local administration could be harnessed to improve restorative efficacy of providers focusing on immunologic checkpoints, which would, in turn, eliminate the need for viral delivery to all tumor sites. (chiflatironsofficial.com)
CD8+ T-cell activity plays an essential role in the antitumor efficacy of OVs. (nagoya-u.ac.jp)

The hemangioblast theory, which posits that the RBCs and ECs derive from a common progenitor cell, was developed as researchers observed that receptor knockout mice, such as Flk1-/-, exhibited defective RBC formation and vessel growth. (wikipedia.org)

They first showed that CRT was more effective than SRT at delaying tumor growth and improved survival in a dose and fractionation independent manner due to a more effective acute CD8 + TIL-mediated immune response. (biomedcentral.com)

Histopathological lesions involve all layers of the arterial wall and are associated with multinucleated giant cells, fragmented internal elastic lamina and polymorphic cellular infiltrates, including T lymphocytes and macrophages. (nih.gov)
After dendritic cell activation, CD4(+) T lymphocytes, T helper 1 (Th1) cells, produce interferon gamma and modulate macrophage activation and functions, and Th17 cells produce interleukin 17 (IL-17), which can induce cytokine production by macrophages and fibroblasts. (nih.gov)
The dense subepithelial mononuclear infiltrate in oral lichen planus is composed of T cells and macrophages, and there are increased numbers of intraepithelial T cells. (medscape.com)
Upon successful treatment with IL-12TD cells, we observed the selective elimination of tumor-infiltrating CD11b+ F4/80+ macrophages, CD11b+/ClassII+/CD11c+ dendritic cells and CD11b+/Ly6C+/Ly6G- but not CD11b+/Ly6C+/Ly6G+ myeloid-derived suppressor cells within regressing lesions. (gsea-msigdb.org)
Hardly a day goes by without hearing of some new cell involved in a new disease treatment: Numerous cellular immunotherapies are currently in clinical development, using natural killer cells, dendritic cells (DCs), macrophages, polyclonal or antigen-specific T cells and lymphokine-activated killer cells. (mastercellbank.com)
Once localized, macrophages are the primary cells to secrete TNF -α , alongside NK cells and T lymphocytes. (tcu.edu)
Tumor necrosis factor-α signaling in macrophages. (tcu.edu)

Methods We analyzed infused TIL products from metastatic melanoma patients previously treated with ACT for the presence of neoantigen-specific T cells. (bmj.com)
In 2006, Rosenberg and colleagues transferred TCR T cells specifically recognizing the melanoma antigen MART-1 in 15 patients, two of whom achieved regression and still showed high levels of engineered cells in circulation one year after the infusion. (nature.com)
Other successful studies quickly followed, such as those demonstrating sustained complete and partial responses in patients with melanoma and treatment of synovial cell sarcoma with TCR T cells against the NY-ESO-1 antigen. (nature.com)
reported that transgenic expression of IL-33 may activate CD8(+) T cells and NK cells, and inhibit tumor growth and metastasis in B16 melanoma and Lewis lung carcinoma metastatic models ( 12 ). (frontiersin.org)
Overall levels of L-fucose in melanoma cells decrease and how the cells use L-fucose changes during progression. (clinicalnews.org)
For nearly seven years, they performed a battery of laboratory experiments and demonstrated for the first time that L-fucose can regulate interactions between CD4 + T cells, a type of TIL, and melanoma cells. (clinicalnews.org)
We found that the addition of L-fucose onto the protein HLA-DRB1 causes it to be localized to the surface of melanoma cells, which triggers CD4 + T cell-mediated antitumor immune cell activity," said Lau. (clinicalnews.org)
Our findings identify and delineate a molecular mechanism by which L-fucose regulates an important interface between melanoma and immune cells. (clinicalnews.org)
In addition, the effects of the human-anti-PD-1 nivolumab and/or Peptide-R54 (Pep R54), were evaluated on human melanoma PES43 cells and xenografts treated. (biomedcentral.com)
To dissect the effect of anti-PD-1 and CXCR4 targeting on PD-1 expressed by human cancer cells, PES43 human melanoma xenograft model was employed. (biomedcentral.com)
PES43 lung disseminated tumor cells (DTC) were detected in fresh lung tissues as melanoma positive MCSP-APC + cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Pembrolizumab (Keytruda), a humanized monoclonal anti-PD-1 antibody, is the first anti-PD-1 antibody approved by the FDA for the treatment of patients with unresectable or metastatic melanoma, non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, cervical cancer, colorectal cancer, and gastric/gastroesophageal junction cancer [ 4 - 10 ]. (hindawi.com)

In this shuttle session, the 4T1 mammary fat pad model will be used, through standardized study protocols, to evaluate candidate compounds as single agents and/or in combination with chemotherapies or ICI for their ability to trigger anti-tumor activity. (explicyte.com)
Here, we report that the ectodomain shedding of cell surface proteins of necroptotic cells is critical for the promoting effect of tumor necroptosis in tumor metastasis through inhibiting the anti-tumor activity of T cells. (biomedcentral.com)
We found that blocking tumor necroptosis by MLKL deletion led to the dramatic reduction of tumor metastasis and significantly elevated anti-tumor activity of tumor-infiltrating and peripheral blood T cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Importantly, the increased anti-tumor activity of T cells is a key cause for the reduced metastasis as the depletion of CD8+ T cells completely restored the level of metastasis in the Mlkl KO mice. (biomedcentral.com)
Finally, we showed the sE-cadherin/KLRG1 inhibitory receptor is the major pathway for necroptosis-mediated suppression of the anti-tumor activity of T cells and the promotion of metastasis. (biomedcentral.com)
Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF -α ) is a proinflammatory cytokine implicated in a large number of biological processes including, but not limited to, regulating apoptotic cell death, fever production, generating inflammation, anti-tumor activity, and the etiology of sepsis. (tcu.edu)

Here we review recent advances in the pathogenesis of GCA, with emphasis on the interactions between cells of the immune system and components of the vessel wall, including vascular smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells, leading to vascular remodeling. (nih.gov)
EOC is considered to be a "cold tumour," a tumour that has not triggered a strong response by the immune system. (figshare.com)
Binding of complement to a foreign substance, or antigen, amplifies and augments the body's innate immune system by means of its role as an opsonin (a factor that enhances phagocytosis of unwanted particles) and as a chemoattractant (a factor that recruits cells to areas of inflammation). (medscape.com)
The adaptive immune system consists of 2 types of lymphocytes: T cells (70-75% of the adaptive immune force) and B cells (10-20% of the adaptive immune force). (medscape.com)
NK cells are specialized effectors of the innate immune system that destroy their targets by antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, have prominent antitumor effects, and are potent killers of virally infected cells. (medscape.com)
Other cellular components of the innate immune system include mononuclear phagocytes, dendritic cells, and NK cells. (medscape.com)
Recent insights into the cancer development mechanisms have revealed that immune system functionally regulates development and progression of epithelial malignancies and tumor-infiltrating leukocytes may be causal players in cancer development ( 2 ). (frontiersin.org)
Significant progress has been made with anti-cancer immunotherapies, which generally try to reprogram a patient's immune system to recognize and fight cancer cells. (sciencedaily.com)
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) used in the treatment of cancers and other immune system disorders are found in the red bone marrow in the central part of most bones but principally in the pelvis, femur, and sternum. (mastercellbank.com)
The observation that the immune system can also attack malignant cells has been known for many years but the cellular and molecular mechanisms have become clear in the last decades. (universiteitleiden.nl)
For more than 25 years Ferry Ossendorp is investigating the immune system and cancer and is now head of the Tumor Immunology Group. (universiteitleiden.nl)
Basic research of the T cell immune system in many different aspects is central in his team. (universiteitleiden.nl)

Further phenotyping and functional experiments of CD103+ cells was performed mainly by flow cytometry on primary tumor digests. (aacrjournals.org)
In addition, flow cytometry on fresh B16-hCXCR4 tumors showed significantly higher Tregs number following anti-PD-1 partially reversed by the combined treatment Pep R and anti-PD-1. (biomedcentral.com)
F) Flow cytometry analysis also shows the presence of activated CD25+ CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes. (explicyte.com)
We then provide an overview of current biomarker use and developments in the past 5 years, including gene signatures, circulating tumour cells, high-dimensional flow cytometry, single-cell RNA sequencing as well as approaches involving the microbiome, radiomics and clinical markers. (nature.com)

Finally, it retrospectively analyze the activation strategies and clinical relevance of existing γδ T cell adoptive immunotherapies. (explorationpub.com)
Adoptive cellular therapy, especially chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy, has gained unprecedented success among hematologic tumors [ 11 ]. (hindawi.com)

ANCILLARY STUDIES ARE PLANNED: PD-L1 Combined Positivity Score on carcinoma cells and stromal immune cells of diagnostic biopsy specimen will be correlated to disease free survival. (bvsalud.org)
Dexter observed that mesenchymal stromal cells could maintain early HSCs ex vivo, and both Lord and Gong showed that these cells localized to the endosteal margins in long bones. (wikipedia.org)
Instead, IL-12 sensitized host bone marrow-derived tumor-stromal cells, partly through interferon-gamma, to indirectly enhance the effects of adoptively-transferred T cells. (gsea-msigdb.org)
MSCs are multipotent stromal cells that make and restore skeletal tissue and can differentiate into diverse cell types: bone, cartilage, muscle and fat. (mastercellbank.com)
Emerging research on the roles of stromal cells in modulating adaptive immune responses has included a new focus on lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs). (jci.org)

SLR20 treatment, in vivo, increased tumor infiltrating lymphocytes and decreased mammary tumor growth and metastasis. (vanderbilt.edu)

Oral lichen planus lesions contain increased levels of the cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha. (medscape.com)
First, γδ T cells exposed to complicated cytokine networks are potentially affected by multiple inhibitory mechanisms. (explorationpub.com)
IL-22 has been identified as a cancer-promoting cytokine that is secreted by infiltrating immune cells in several cancer models. (cipsm.de)

Notably, intratumoral injection of this cBiTE-expressing adenovirus increased the persistence and accumulation of tumor-infiltrating T cells in vivo , compared with the parental virus lacking such effects. (aacrjournals.org)
It is an indolent disease characterized by the accumulation of mature monoclonal B cells in the blood and bone marrow, often also involving the spleen, liver, and lymph nodes. (cdlib.org)
Overall, this results in the inhibition of immune effector cells and the accumulation of immunosuppressive cells such as Treg, MDSC and TAM2, both monocyte-derived populations [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Inflammatory infiltrates in areas positive for VSBV-1 RNA and antigen consisted of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, with perivascular B-cell accumulation. (cdc.gov)

This triggers the production of IFN-I which mainly recruits dendritic cells and improves their antigen presentation, promoting a CD8 + tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL)-dependant antitumor immune response. (biomedcentral.com)

Dendritic cells (DCs) are specialized antigen-presenting cells that have a notable role in the initiation and regulation of innate and adaptive immune responses. (mdpi.com)

Results We discovered that neoantigen-specific TIL clones were predominantly CD4 + T cells and were present in both therapeutic responders and non-responders. (bmj.com)
Recent studies demonstrated that high serum levels of soluble ST2 (sST2) are a worse prognostic factor in hepatocellular carcinoma ( 9 ), and that serum IL-33 is a diagnostic and prognostic marker in non-small cell lung cancer, independent of the therapeutic intervention ( 10 ). (frontiersin.org)
Therapeutic vaccination has the major advantage that the induced immune response selectively attacks tumors while leaving the healthy cells untouched. (universiteitleiden.nl)
The aims of this article are to review the current knowledge regarding therapeutic mechanisms of mesenchymal stem cells in acute liver failure, to discuss recent advancements in preclinical and clinical studies in the treatment of mesenchymal stem cells, and to summarize the methodological improvement of mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in treating liver failure. (springer.com)
Upon mRNA intratumoral injections in the transplantable mouse cancer models CT26, MC38, and B16OVA, potent therapeutic effects were observed following repeated injections into the tumors. (unav.edu)
Transcriptional Control of Regulatory T Cells in Cancer: Toward Therapeutic Targeting? (mdpi.com)

Ferry A. Ossendorp is Professor Molecular Vaccin Biology and head of the Tumor Immunology group in the department Immunology of the Leiden University Medical Centre. (universiteitleiden.nl)

Activation of peripheral T cells in the presence of HGSC was sufficient to trigger induction of CD103 in over 90% of all CD8+ cells in a T cell receptor (TCR)- and TGFβR1-dependent manner. (aacrjournals.org)
Dutta A, Banerjee A, Saikia In, Phookan M, Baruah MN, Baruah H. Unfavorable rules of organic monster cell in growth cells and peripheral bloodstream of dental squamous cell carcinoma. (research-in-field.com)
Amazing efforts have been made to further comprehend interactions between brain-specific cells and peripheral immune cells, and especially their roles and impact on the onset, progression, and eventual resolution of diverse brain pathologies. (frontiersin.org)
Peripheral blood stem cell transplantations (PBSCT) are now the most common cell therapy procedure. (mastercellbank.com)
Most of the evidence supports the conclusion that the immune damage is triggered by shared reactivity to peripheral nerve components and epitopes on the surface of infectious particles. (nursingcenter.com)
This Review summarizes the emergent evidence that LECs are important in maintaining peripheral tolerance, limiting and resolving effector T cell responses, and modulating leukocyte function. (jci.org)

Lymphocyte activation gene-3 (LAG-3) is a coinhibitory receptor associated with impaired T-cell function and is frequently coexpressed with programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) in the context of human cancers. (aacrjournals.org)
In 2002, Michel Sadelain and colleagues optimized CAR design by integrating the intracellular domains of TCR and the key co-stimulatory receptor CD28 within a single molecule to help sustain T cell expansion, function and persistence. (nature.com)
γδ T cells express unique T cell receptor (TCR) γ and TCR δ chains, with structural and functional heterogeneity. (explorationpub.com)
A general overview of the immune cascades triggered by histamine receptor activation is provided. (hindawi.com)
Aim: To evaluate the involvement of Th2 cells in different periods of the active phase of experimental periodontal disease and expression of the R1 subunit of the receptor for IFN-γ during the early and advanced progression of the disease. (bvsalud.org)
This signal together with the T Cell Receptor (TCR) induces the expression of GATA-3. (bvsalud.org)

We have generated a high affinity and selective humanized monoclonal IgG4 antibody, TSR-033, which binds human LAG-3 and serves as a functional antagonist, enhancing in vitro T-cell activation both in mixed lymphocyte reactions and staphylococcal enterotoxin B-driven stimulation assays. (aacrjournals.org)
They combined the variable region of an antibody with the constant regions of the TCR chains, thus producing chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) that provided T cells with antibody-type specificity. (nature.com)
Mice were OT implanted with 4T1 murine breast tumor cells and exposed to anti-PD1 or anti-CTLA4 antibody. (explicyte.com)
It also limits terminal complement complex formation on target membranes, interferes with the ability of the specific host antibody to bind to a target antigen, and modulates the ability of B cells to produce antibody. (nursingcenter.com)

The participation of B cells in a Th2 polarized response has recently been paradoxically associated with BC progression [ 11 ], but the mechanism by which B cell activation may promote BC progression is unclear. (biomedcentral.com)
Research in animals and in humans has revealed that B and T cells are involved in the progression of neurological diseases. (frontiersin.org)
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expressions of phosphatidylinositol proteoglycan 5 (GPC5) and tetrahydroxynonene (4-HNE) in the PCa tissue and their impact on tumor progression. (bvsalud.org)

The finding that CAR T cells had activity in patients advanced the field of ACT, which saw dramatic progress in the following years and remarkable results in B-cell malignancies, including paediatric and adult acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL), aggressive B cell lymphomas, chronic lymphocytic leukaemia and multiple myeloma treated with CD19 CAR T cells. (nature.com)
Related studies have reported that the complete response rate of CD19-CAR-T cells in hematological malignancies is approximately 88-90% [ 13 , 14 ]. (hindawi.com)

levels in primary immune cells activated ex vivo and showed increased viability of the CD8+ cell population in an EV-immune cell co-incubation. (figshare.com)
Tumor growth was monitored overtime in vivo (A) . At necropsy, tumor and spleen weights were determined (B). Doxorubicin triggers a significant decrease in tumor growth. (explicyte.com)

Murine mammary carcinoma exosomes promote growth development by reductions of NK cell function. (research-in-field.com)
We have recently found that engineering tumor-specific CD8+ T cells to secrete IL-12 (IL-12TD) can lead to striking improvements in T-cell activity against established melanomas in murine models. (gsea-msigdb.org)
After two weeks, tumors bearing mice were intraperitoneally (ip) treated with murine anti-PD-1 [RMP1-14] (5 mg/kg, twice week for 2 weeks), Pep R (2 mg/kg, 5 days per week for 2 weeks), or both agents. (biomedcentral.com)
Mice were OT implanted with 4T1 murine breast tumor cells and treated with doxorubicin (Doxo). (explicyte.com)
Breast and lung cancer cells of murine and human origin induced IL-22 production from memory CD4 + T cells. (cipsm.de)

The presence of variable numbers of intratumoral lymphocytes and primitive round cell areas are the unique defining features for this tumor. (allenpress.com)
Results NDV replication is restricted to the injected tumor site In an BI-D1870 attempt to use NDV for therapy that BI-D1870 would be active against metastatic disease, we in the beginning characterized the viral distribution kinetics with intratumoral and systemic administration. (chiflatironsofficial.com)
Intratumoral injection of recombinant NDV expressing firefly luciferase reporter (NDV-Fluc) resulted in sustained luciferase transmission in the injected flank tumor, while systemic administration of the virus resulted in no detectable luciferase transmission in the tumor (Fig. S1A). (chiflatironsofficial.com)
As limited systemic computer virus delivery was unlikely to induce adequate tumor lysis and immune response, we explored the intratumoral NDV injection as a means to elicit an anti-tumor immune response that could potentially overcome the limitations of systemic OV therapy. (chiflatironsofficial.com)

The BBB controls periphery-brain molecule exchange and prevents immune effector cells from entering the homeostatic brain. (frontiersin.org)

However, the exact mechanism by which tumor necroptosis promotes tumor metastasis remains elusive. (biomedcentral.com)
Interestingly, the levels of some soluble cell surface proteins including sE-cadherin that are known to promote metastasis are also dramatically reduced in MLKL null tumors/mice. (biomedcentral.com)
Administration of ADAMs pan inhibitor reduces the levels of soluble cell surface proteins in WT tumors/mice and leads to the dramatic decrease in metastasis. (biomedcentral.com)
Hence, our study reveals a novel mechanism of tumor necroptosis-mediated promotion of metastasis and suggests that tumor necroptosis and necroptosis-activated ADAMs are potential targets for controlling metastasis. (biomedcentral.com)

In this study, we tested the hypothesis that tumor-infiltrating T cells could be more effectively activated and redirected by oncolytic adenoviruses that were armed with bispecific T-cell-engager (BiTE) antibodies. (aacrjournals.org)
CD137 (4-1BB) is a member of the TNFR family that mediates potent T cell costimulatory signals upon ligation by CD137L or agonist monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). (unav.edu)
Our findings demonstrate that localized therapy with oncolytic NDV induces inflammatory immune infiltrates in distant tumors, making them susceptible to systemic therapy with immunomodulatory antibodies, which provides a strong rationale for investigation of such combination therapies in medical center. (chiflatironsofficial.com)

CD4 + TIL demonstrated an effector T cell response with cytotoxicity toward autologous tumor in a major histocompatibility complex class II-dependent manner. (bmj.com)
In cell coculture assays, ICOVIR-15K-cBiTE-mediated oncolysis resulted in robust T-cell activation, proliferation, and bystander cell-mediated cytotoxicity. (aacrjournals.org)

Strategies to induce anti-tumor immune responses could complement standard-of-care therapies for these patients. (oncotarget.com)

Autoantibodies developing in breast cancer are not epiphenomena, but likely reflect an antigen-driven autoimmune response triggered by epitopes developing in the mammary gland during breast carcinogenesis. (biomedcentral.com)

In 1978, after observing that the prototypical colony-forming stem cells were less capable at replacing differentiated cells than bone marrow cells injected into irradiated animals, Schofield proposed that a specialized environment in the bone marrow allows these precursor cells to maintain their cellular reconstitution potential. (wikipedia.org)
The T cells expressing CARs recognized and eliminated target cells, and produced interleukin 2 in the presence of the antigen, providing a proof of concept that this approach triggers a cellular immune response. (nature.com)
The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)
As a necrotic cell death, the rupture of cell plasma membrane of necroptotic cells results in the release of many cellular factors of necroptotic cells, which may trigger inflammation and immune responses [ 17 , 18 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Cutaneous lymphomas are classified according to their cellular origin in T-cell lymphomas or B-cell lymphomas. (scielo.br)

PURPOSE: Baseline circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) is a potential prognostic marker in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients. (bvsalud.org)

Pathogenesis of giant cell arteritis: More than just an inflammatory condition? (nih.gov)
Conversion of distant tumors to an inflammatory phenotype made them susceptible to therapy with systemic CTLA-4 blockade, leading to tumor rejection and long-term survival in the majority of mice treated with the combination approach. (chiflatironsofficial.com)
Tumor necrosis factor α (TNF- α ) is a pleiotropic, proinflammatory mediator that is involved in a wide range of inflammatory, infectious, autoimmune and malignant conditions. (tcu.edu)
Psoriasis is a complex, chronic, multifactorial, inflammatory disease that involves hyperproliferation of the keratinocytes in the epidermis, with an increase in the epidermal cell turnover rate (see the image below). (medscape.com)

These lesions are considered to be independent primary lesions rather than metastatic disease when multiple tumors are encountered in the same patient. (allenpress.com)

Similarly, traumas can also enable B and T lymphocytes to pass bidirectionally between the CNS and the periphery, via the meningeal lymphatic vessels which drain into the cervical lymph nodes. (frontiersin.org)
Moreover, the difference in PD-1 expression was observed only in tumors after treatment with C-REV, whereas most CD8+ T cells in the spleen, tumor-draining lymph nodes and blood were PD-1-negative, and this did not change after C-REV treatment. (nagoya-u.ac.jp)

Chronic T-cell exhaustion is marked by the progressive upregulation of coinhibitory receptors, PD-1 being one of the most prominent, but also other coregulated receptors such as LAG-3 ( 4, 5 ). (aacrjournals.org)
These receptors trigger inflammation through the NFkB-dependent and interferon regulatory factor-dependent signaling pathway. (medscape.com)
However, this complex alone is insufficient to trigger productive T cell responses, which require the concomitant engagement of co-stimulatory receptors. (nature.com)
Surprisingly, IL-12-dependent enhancement of CD8+ T-cell anti-tumor function did not occur through direct ligation of receptors on lymphocytes or NK cells. (gsea-msigdb.org)
Histamine and its receptors represent a complex system of immunoregulation with distinct effects mediated by four GPCRs (G protein-coupled receptors HRs 1-4) and their differential expression, which changes according to the stage of cell differentiation and microenvironmental influences. (hindawi.com)
Introduction The finding of T cell regulatory receptors offered focuses on for immunotherapies aiming to enhance activation of anti-tumor immune reactions or to reverse immunosuppressive mechanisms governing tumor resistance to immune surveillance and damage(1). (chiflatironsofficial.com)
TNF-α also binds to receptors in the hypothalamus and causes the synthesis and release of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), triggering the production of cortisol and body's stress response. (tcu.edu)
Differentiation into Th1 depends on the presence of IFN-γ and IL-12, which bind to receptors on the surface of CD4 T cells 5 . (bvsalud.org)

this suggests that the process triggering autoantibody formation starts in the pre-malignant phase and that future studies using validated autoantibody panels may allow detection of breast cancer risk in asymptomatic women. (biomedcentral.com)
It is generally agreed that cancer immunoediting is responsible for both eliminating tumors and sculpting the immunogenic phenotype of tumors [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
SLR20 treatment triggered the extrinsic apoptosis and pyroptosis cell death pathways in breast cancer cells. (vanderbilt.edu)
T-cell activation and tumor cell killing was increased upon co-culture of T-cells with SLR20-treated breast cancer cells, and dual immunization of wild-type mice with SLR20 and 4T1 cancer cell lysates reduced future tumor growth. (vanderbilt.edu)
In addition, PRO reverted PD-L1 upregulation and significantly decreased IL-10 levels in an immune-cancer cell co-culture. (figshare.com)
The combined therapy also reduced tumour weight compared to the cancer control group and induced anti-tumour T-cell responses with significant CD8 expression in tumour tissues. (figshare.com)
T cells, which can efficiently identify and kill infected cells, can also kill cancer cells if they recognize them. (nature.com)
Next, the researchers looked at tumors from three independent groups of patients from three cancer centers to assess whether L-fucose levels and L-fucose-decorated HLA-DRB1 might reflect patient responsiveness to the immunotherapeutic agent anti-PD1. (clinicalnews.org)
Breast cancer patients diagnosed with HR+/HER2- tumors face a persistent risk of distant recurrence long after completion of their treatment. (oncotarget.com)
He followed his postdoc research in the Netherlands Cancer Institute on the role of T cell functions in cancer. (universiteitleiden.nl)
Recently the research findings from the laboratory and in experimental animals are translated to an early clinical study in which cancer patients are injected with and experimental tumor-specific peptide-conjugate vaccine. (universiteitleiden.nl)
We hypothesized that IL-22 regulation would occur at the interface between cancer cells and immune cells. (cipsm.de)
The edema had drained while the cancer tumor remained. (weebly.com)
Only scar tissues were evident, which were different from cancer cells. (weebly.com)
Cancer outcomes are often indexed to the quality of the immune response to the tumor. (mdpi.com)
Thus, understanding how Treg cell identity is controlled, is of utmost importance for the development of novel anti-cancer therapies. (mdpi.com)
In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the different intracellular pathways involved in the programming of Treg cell homeostasis and functions in cancer. (mdpi.com)

Reported associations between oral lichen planus and systemic diseases may be coincidental, because (1) oral lichen planus is relatively common, (2) oral lichen planus occurs predominantly in older adults, and (3) many drugs used in the treatment of systemic diseases trigger the development of oral lichenoid lesions as an adverse effect. (medscape.com)
Combination therapy with localized NDV and systemic CTLA-4 blockade led to rejection of pre-established distant BI-D1870 tumors and safety from tumor re-challenge in poorly-immunogenic tumor models, irrespective of tumor cell collection level of sensitivity to NDV-mediated lysis. (chiflatironsofficial.com)
Hypersensitivity pneumonitis, also known as extrinsic allergic alveolitis, is an uncommon non-immunoglobulin E (IgE), T-helper cell type 1 (Th1)-mediated inflam- matory pulmonary disease with systemic symptoms resulting from repeated inhalation and subsequent sensitization to a large variety of aerosolized antigenic organic dust particles. (cdc.gov)

Conclusion: Our data indicate CD103+ TIL are formed as the result of an adaptive anti-tumor immune response that might be reactivated by (dual) checkpoint inhibition. (aacrjournals.org)

As the embryo requires rapid oxygenation due to its high mitotic activity, these islands are the main source of red blood cell (RBC) production via fusing endothelial cells (ECs) with the developing embryonic circulation. (wikipedia.org)
Lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) themselves have been shown to play active roles in controlling their transport functions and in directly communicating with immune cells to modulate their immediate and downstream functions. (jci.org)
It may also invade and proliferate within heart and coronary artery endothelial cells, and, along with Streptococcus sanguis, it may also induce platelet aggregation associated with thrombus formation. (medscape.com)

Tumor volume (A) and survival (B) were then determined. (explicyte.com)
We show that treatment of the mice with a combination of anti-CTLA-4 + anti-PD1 mAbs results in partial clearance of the tumor with an improvement in survival. (unav.edu)

cBiTE expression and secretion was detected in supernatants from ICOVIR-15K-cBiTE-infected cells, and the secreted BiTEs bound specifically to both CD3 + and EGFR + cells. (aacrjournals.org)

In 2010, James Kochenderfer and colleagues achieved a breakthrough with a CAR T cell therapy, reporting tumour regression in a patient with advanced follicular lymphoma, who received two infusions of autologous T cells genetically engineered to express a CAR specifically recognizing the antigen CD19 expressed on B cells. (nature.com)
Application of cetuximab prior to C-REV yielded better tumor regression than administration of the drug after the virus. (nagoya-u.ac.jp)

The clinical application cells began in 1956 with the first successful bone marrow transplant, performed between twins, with bone marrow taken from the healthy identical twin, and given to the other, who had leukaemia. (mastercellbank.com)
Its clinical introduction in 1986 replaced bone marrow (BM) as a stem cell source to almost 100% in the and to autologous approximately 75% in the allogeneic transplant setting. (mastercellbank.com)

RIG-I is a cytoplasmic RNA helicase expressed in most cells of the body, functioning to sense viral oligonucleotide motifs then activate innate immune responses to combat viral infection. (vanderbilt.edu)
In humans, higher levels of L-fucose in melanomas are associated with less aggressive disease and better responses to therapy," said Lau, lead study author and assistant member of the Tumor Biology Department at Moffitt. (clinicalnews.org)

Lymphoma is a malign neoplasia resulting from the proliferation of cells from the lymphoid system, which has a varying potential for organic aggression. (scielo.br)
The MAPK pathway contains three sequentially activated protein kinases that, when activated, are key components to cell proliferation, differentiation and cell death. (mdatl.com)

Current data suggest that oral lichen planus (OLP) is a T-cell-mediated autoimmune disease in which autocytotoxic CD8 + T cells trigger the apoptosis of oral epithelial cells. (medscape.com)
Animal experiments demonstrated that fingolimod could reduce edema, cell apoptosis and cerebra atrophy and show neuroprotective function in ICH rats [ 8 ]. (karger.com)
Likewise, dexamethasone can reduce cerebral cell apoptosis and inhibit inflammation [ 10 ,] and deferoxamine (DFX) provides new therapy target [ 11 ]. (karger.com)
Immunopathologic examination during infection showed cleavage of caspase 3 in brain cells adjacent to CD8+ cells and widespread p53 expression, hallmarks of apoptosis. (cdc.gov)

The role of autoimmunity in the pathogenesis is supported by many autoimmune features of oral lichen planus, including its chronicity, onset in adults, predilection for females, association with other autoimmune diseases, occasional tissue-type associations, depressed immune-suppressor activity in patients with oral lichen planus, and the presence of autocytotoxic T-cell clones in lichen planus lesions. (medscape.com)
Cancerous tumors are made up of many more components than just malignant cells from the tissue of origin. (sciencedaily.com)
Biostór / Master Cell Bank is a leading EU-licensed Tissue Establishment (TE) storing life-saving cell therapies, GMP Cell Banks and Clinical Trial samples since 2007. (mastercellbank.com)
Serving global markets, it provides cell and tissue biostorage and cold chain logistics solutions to many leading medical and biotechnology research organisations world-wide. (mastercellbank.com)
At sites of infection, it leads to microvascular hyperpermeability as well as vasodilation, which increases the ability of neutrophils and monocytes, as well as other immune cells, to infiltrate the target tissue. (tcu.edu)
RESULTS: The positive expression rate of GPC5 was 94.0% in the BPH tissue, remarkably higher than 86.7%, 66.7%, 75.0%, 55.6% and 33.3% in the PCa tissues of Gleason grades 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 (P = 0.001), with a negative correlation between the positive expression rate of GPC5 and the Gleason grade of tumors (P = 0.021). (bvsalud.org)
In contrast, the positive expression rate of 4-HNE was 4.0% in the BPH tissue, dramatically lower than 55.6%, 66.7%, 75.0%, 77.8% and 88.9% in the PCa tissues of Gleason grades 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 (P = 0.001), with a positive correlation between the expression rate of GPC5 and the Gleason grade of tumors (P = 0.001). (bvsalud.org)

This was the first clinical use of TCR T cell therapy, and although initial studies had demonstrated the feasibility and safety of introducing engineered T cells in patients, this trial also showed their remarkable efficiency. (nature.com)
The clinical findings are related to the site of tumor manifestation. (allenpress.com)
However, the clinical application of tumor-infiltrating γδ T cells has certain limitations. (explorationpub.com)
These fascinating clinical data offer strong evidence that evaluating TIL levels in EC tumors could provide valuable information for a personalized medicine approach that could significantly extend patients' lives. (sciencedaily.com)
Human iPSC derived cardiovascular and neuronal cells are being used in preclinical studies and will find use in clinical application as cell therapies. (mastercellbank.com)
In addition to Th1 and Th2 cells, Th17, Treg and T Fh cells have also been described 7 , Treg cells are associated with reduction of clinical scores of disease in soft and hard tissues 8 . (bvsalud.org)

Cell-specific subscriber base of mantle cell lymphoma-derived exosomes by cancerous and non-malignant B-lymphocytes. (research-in-field.com)
Looking at the x-ray, no cancerous cells were found. (weebly.com)

Here we showed that deletion of Roquin-encoding alleles specifically in regulatory T (Treg) cells also caused the activation of conventional T cells. (cipsm.de)
Usually, protective and destructive roles are assigned to the Th1 and Th17 3,9-11 cells, while Th2 and Treg cells are more involved in processes that reduce the destruction of the periodontium 10 . (bvsalud.org)

Questions remain regarding the nature of the antigen(s) triggering dendritic cell activation and the mechanisms underlying vascular remodeling. (nih.gov)

In humans, TLR- and NLR-mediated IL-1β promotes the expansion of Th17-type helper T cells [25], [26]. (baumaschinen-knell.de)

Anatomy28

Organisms10

Diseases72

Chemicals and Drugs52

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment51

Phenomena and Processes50

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science4

Health Care5

Microenvironment22

TILs23

Immunity18

Antigens17

Cytokines13

Solid tumors1

Immunotherapy13

Cytotoxic7

Infiltration9

Efficacy11

Observed that1

Delaying tumor growth1

Macrophages7

Melanoma12

Anti-tumor activity6

Immune system12

Flow cytometry4

Adoptive2

Stromal5

Growth and metastasis1

Cytokine3

Accumulation4

Antitumor immune response1

Antigen-prese1

Therapeutic6

Immunology1

Peripheral6

Receptor6

Antibody4

Progression3

Malignancies2

Vivo2

Murine5

Intratumoral4

Effector cells1

Metastasis4

Antibodies3

Cytotoxicity2

Induce anti-tumor1

Mammary1

Cellular5

Prognostic1

Inflammatory4

Metastatic disease1

Lymph nodes2

Receptors8

Cancer17

Systemic3

Adaptive1

Endothelial cells3

Survival2

Secretion1

Regression2

Bone marrow2

Responses2

Proliferation2

Apoptosis4

Tissue7

Clinical6

Cancerous2

Treg2

Dendritic cell1

Promotes1