• Greater and lesser palatine foramina (for palatine nerves and arteries) and posterior nasal spine Vomer 1. (slideshare.net)
  • Its tributaries are derived from the adjacent muscles and bones, and a short distance from its termination it receives a posterior tributary which passes to it between the transverse processes of the vertebræ. (co.ma)
  • And posterior to the median and transverse sinus of the recessus cpitympanicus, to ostco arthrosis fib 4. (universalmetro.com)
  • Ch iraghe3tga passes therefore preceding nerves of the posterior portion of the lumbar vertebrae, cut acro&a. (universalmetro.com)
  • The cervical nerves communicate with the accessory nerve in the posterior triangle of the neck and beneath the trapezius. (co.ma)
  • Examining the anatomy of the trigeminal nerve, we see that within the spinal tract of V, which ends in the subnucleus caudalis, there are connections within the subnucleus caudalis to the glossopharyngeal nerve, CN IX, which contains general sensory fibers and provides sensation from the posterior 1/3 of the tongue, tonsil, skin of the external ear, internal surface of the tympanic membrane, and the pharynx (Figure 3). (mskneurology.com)
  • Posterior to the sternocleidomastoid, emerging collectively at a landmark called Erb's Point, are a collection of sensory nerves for the neck that are part of the cervical plexus. (mhmedical.com)
  • Identify the spinal accessory nerve posterior to the sternocleidomastoid heading to the trapezius. (mhmedical.com)
  • Note lesser occipital , great auricular , transverse cervical , and supraclavicular nerves of the cervical plexus emerging posterior to the midpoint of sternocleidomastoid at the location called Erb's Point ( Figure 4.1 ). (mhmedical.com)
  • The infraorbital nerve divides off the maxillary division in the pterygopalatine fossa just after it gives off the the posterior superior alveolar nerve . (radiopaedia.org)
  • The posterior fossa tumor or skull base tumor may suppress the nerve supply to the neck and eventually cause acute torticollis . (frederickearlstein.com)
  • Posterior pharyngeal infections can irritate the nerves that supply the neck muscles which may also cause acute torticollis . (frederickearlstein.com)
  • The retromandibular vein or its branches, the cervical branch of the facial nerve , and the greater auricular nerve , however, pass superficial to the posterior belly of the digastric muscle. (basicmedicalkey.com)
  • The anterior and middle scalene muscles arise off the anterior and posterior tubercles of the transverse process of the cervical vertebrae and insert on the first rib. (medscape.com)
  • It is a mixed nerve that supplies innervation to muscles in the forearm and hand and provides sensation over the medial half of the fourth digit and the entire fifth digit (the ulnar aspect of the palm) and the ulnar portion of the posterior aspect of the hand (dorsal ulnar cutaneous distribution). (medscape.com)
  • At the level of the insertion of the coracobrachialis in the middle third of the arm, the ulnar nerve pierces the medial intermuscular septum to enter the posterior compartment of the arm. (medscape.com)
  • It partly overlaps the innominate artery, which lies to its left side, and it is in front of the internal mammary artery, the right vagus nerve, and the upper end of the right pleural sac. (co.ma)
  • The ansa cervicalis is a loop of cervical motor nerves and you will find this structure embedded within the carotid fascia that covers the carotid artery, internal jugular vein, and vagus nerve. (mhmedical.com)
  • To study the anatomy of the jugular foramen, internal jugular vein and glossopharyngeal, vagus and accessory nerves, and to identify the anatomical relationships among these structures in the jugular foramen region and lateral-pharyngeal space. (bjorl.org.br)
  • Landmarks for this dissection are the hyoid bone and the hypoglossal nerve lateral and slightly superior to the hyoid bone. (mhmedical.com)
  • Part of the cervical spinal nerves that form the ansa cervicalis briefly join hypoglossal nerve before branching to form the superior root of the ansa cervicalis. (mhmedical.com)
  • The glossopharyngeal nerve exhibited an intimate anatomical relationship with the styloglossus muscle after exiting the skull, and the vagal nerve had a similar relationship with the hypoglossal nerve. (bjorl.org.br)
  • Tbe fonrtb the hypoglossal nerve has one border of wrisberg, and terminates in the diaphragm. (oxigeme.com)
  • Head anatomy1) Trigeminal nervea-branchesb-actions2) Facial nervea-branchesb-actions3) Glossopharyngeal nervea-actionsb-what does injury affect4) hypoglossal nervea-actionsb-findings in hypoglossal nerve injury5) recurrent laryngeal nerve- innervates all of larynx except what muscle? (brainscape.com)
  • below, the supraclavicular nerves and the transverse cervical vessels and the upper part of the brachial plexus cross the space. (wikipedia.org)
  • Located between the anterior and middle scalene muscles, identify a large nerve plexus, the brachial plexus . (mhmedical.com)
  • We present our initial experience of double fascicular nerve transfer for upper brachial plexus avulsion. (thenerve.net)
  • 8 ) reported the technique of nerve transfer from a redundant fascicle of the ulnar nerve to the biceps brachii branch of the musculocutaneous nerve for restoration of elbow function due to upper brachial plexus avulsion. (thenerve.net)
  • However, the importance of the brachial muscle in elbow flexion was subsequently confirmed and the technique for the transfer of double fascicular nerves to both the biceps brachii and brachialis muscles was introduced 7 ). (thenerve.net)
  • Unusually, the brachial artery (BA) follows a course in front of the median nerve (MN), the so-called superficial brachial artery (SBA). (bvsalud.org)
  • Interscalene nerve block refers to the placement of local anesthetic around the roots or trunks of the brachial plexus at the level of the C6 vertebral body between the anterior and middle scalene muscles. (medscape.com)
  • The five roots (anterior rami) of the brachial plexus originate from the spinal nerves of C5-T1. (medscape.com)
  • The ulnar nerve is an extension of the medial cord of the brachial plexus. (medscape.com)
  • The ulnar nerve is the terminal branch of the medial cord of the brachial plexus and contains fibers from C8, T1, and, occasionally, C7. (medscape.com)
  • The ligament of Struthers may occasionally cause neurovascular compression, usually involving the median nerve or the brachial artery but sometimes affecting the ulnar nerve. (medscape.com)
  • the chiasmatic groove ends on either side at the optic foramen, which transmits the optic nerve and ophthalmic artery to the orbital cavity. (bartleby.com)
  • This groove lodges the cavernous sinus and the internal carotid artery, the latter being surrounded by a plexus of sympathetic nerves. (bartleby.com)
  • Behind and lateral to the foramen rotundum is the foramen ovale, which transmits the mandibular nerve, the accessory meningeal artery, and the lesser superficial petrosal nerve. (bartleby.com)
  • in the fresh state the lower part of this aperture is filled up by a layer of fibrocartilage, while its upper and inner parts transmit the internal carotid artery surrounded by a plexus of sympathetic nerves. (bartleby.com)
  • The nerve of the pterygoid canal and a meningeal branch from the ascending pharyngeal artery pierce the layer of fibrocartilage. (bartleby.com)
  • The fossa contains the maxillary nerve, the sphenopalatine ganglion, and the terminal part of the internal maxillary artery. (medmuv.com)
  • Deeper, the transverse cervical artery and vein. (rootdown.us)
  • The muscle overlaps the latissimus dorsi, and covers the levator scapula, rhomboidei, and the deeper axial muscles of the back, along with the ascending and the descending branch of the transverse artery of the neck, the accessory nerve, and muscular branches from the cervical plexus. (co.ma)
  • Here you will identify the jugular veins, carotid artery, and branches of the cervical nerves that innervate the infrahyoid, or "strap," muscles. (mhmedical.com)
  • the inferior alveolar nerve, artery and men), ranging in age from 18 to 55 Five cases were males while three were vein. (who.int)
  • The transverse facial artery is interposed between the duct and the arch, whereas the buccal branches of the facial nerve can be found inferior and superior to the duct. (basicmedicalkey.com)
  • This includes the internal jugular vein and the internal carotid artery in the carotid sheath, the last four cranial nerves, and the external carotid artery. (basicmedicalkey.com)
  • [ 10 , 11 ] Here, the nerve lies on the anterior aspect of the medial head of the triceps, where it is joined by the superior ulnar collateral artery. (medscape.com)
  • The paired left and right transverse sinuses , or lateral sinuses , are major dural venous sinuses and arise from the confluence of the superior sagittal , occipital and straight sinuses at the torcular herophili (confluence of sinuses) . (radiopaedia.org)
  • The transverse sinuses exhibit highly variable anatomy , which at times makes imaging evaluation of them, in those with possible dural venous sinus thrombosis , very difficult. (radiopaedia.org)
  • 1. Alper F, Kantarci M, Dane S, Gumustekin K, Onbas O, Durur I. Importance of anatomical asymmetries of transverse sinuses: an MR venographic study. (radiopaedia.org)
  • HN - 2008 MH - Transverse Sinuses UI - D054064 MN - A07.231.908.224.833 MS - The two large endothelium-lined venous channels that begin at the internal occipital protuberance at the back and lower part of the CRANIUM and travels laterally and forward ending in the internal jugular vein (JUGULAR VEINS). (bvsalud.org)
  • One of the transverse sinuses, usually the right one, is the continuation of the SUPERIOR SAGITTAL SINUS. (bvsalud.org)
  • The saphenofemoral junction is marked by four or five prominent branches of the great saphenous vein: the superficial circumflex iliac vein, the external pudendal vein, the superficial epigastric vein, and the medial and lateral accessory saphenous veins. (mhmedical.com)
  • From deep to superficial are found the arterial, venous, and nerve layers. (basicmedicalkey.com)
  • This blood vessel is usually superficial to the facial nerve trunk as it exits from the skull by way of this same foramen. (basicmedicalkey.com)
  • When the ulnar nerve is divided at the wrist, only the opponens pollicis, superficial head of the flexor pollicis brevis, and lateral 2 lumbricals are functioning. (medscape.com)
  • If the pins and needles sensation is affecting your arms, gently rocking your head may help relieve compression around the nerves in your neck. (healthline.com)
  • These pass out of the intervertebral foramina, over the superior aspects of the transverse processes, and run downward in the neck towards the first rib. (medscape.com)
  • Behind the medial end of the superior orbital fissure is the foramen rotundum, for the passage of the maxillary nerve. (bartleby.com)
  • Nerve, buccal muscle, medial pterygoid. (plastinationspecimen.com)
  • At the right side, the coracobrachialis muscle (CB) had a single head, and the ipsilateral musculocutaneous nerve (MCN) followed a medial course. (bvsalud.org)
  • The phrenic nerve and the accompanying vessels run along its right side, and intervene between it and the right pleural sac. (co.ma)
  • deeper, the dorsal scapular nerve. (rootdown.us)
  • Identify the dorsal scapular nerve , which arises from C5 ventral ramus, and suprascapular nerve , which branches from the superior trunk. (mhmedical.com)
  • Lateral to the foramen ovale is the foramen spinosum, for the passage of the middle meningeal vessels, and a recurrent branch from the mandibular nerve. (bartleby.com)
  • The infraorbital nerve is a branch of the maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve . (radiopaedia.org)
  • An additional nerve transfer (triceps branch of the radial nerve to the axillary nerve) was planned for shoulder function. (thenerve.net)
  • 1) takes omohyoid, submandibular gland, sensory nerves C2-C5, cervical branch of facial nerve, and ipsilateral thyroid2) same as above + accessory nerve (CN XII), SCM, and internal jugular resection. (brainscape.com)
  • After lesioning of the dorsal root entry zone due to painful avulsion, double fascicles (flexor carpi radialis and flexor carpi ulnaris) of the median and ulnar nerve) were transferred to the biceps brachii and brachialis branches of the musculocutaneous nerve to restore elbow flexion. (thenerve.net)
  • It (C7, C8) arises above the wrist and descends with the ulnar nerve to the pisiform bone. (drbeen.com)
  • Entrapment of the ulnar nerve is the second most common entrapment neuropathy in the upper extremity (after entrapment of the median nerve). (medscape.com)
  • Pressure on or injury to the ulnar nerve may cause denervation and paralysis of the muscles supplied by the nerve. (medscape.com)
  • The next important site along the course of the ulnar nerve is the arcade of Struthers. (medscape.com)
  • The neurocranium provides a case for the brain and cranial meninges, proximal parts of the cranial nerves, and blood vessels. (medmuv.com)
  • In the case of root avulsion, the absence of proximal nerve stump prevents nerve graft reconstruction and no spontaneous recovery of the shoulder and elbow function is anticipated 13 ). (thenerve.net)
  • A large area of communication, referred to as the isthmus , is related to the proximal part of the intraparotid portion of the facial nerve. (basicmedicalkey.com)
  • opposite this level, the superior sagittal sinus ends and transverse sinus begins. (worldofmedicalsaviours.com)
  • Near the lower back of the CRANIUM, the superior sagittal sinus deviates to one side (usually the right) and continues on as a TRANSVERSE SINUS. (bvsalud.org)
  • One such modification is the preservation of 1 or more nonlymphatic structures (eg, spinal accessory nerve, internal jugular vein [IJV], sternocleidomastoid [SCM] muscle). (medscape.com)
  • The accessory nerve passed around the internal jugular vein via its anterior wall in 71.7% of cadavers. (bjorl.org.br)
  • On each side, the transverse sinus then runs in the lateral border of the tentorium cerebelli and grooves the occipital and squamous temporal bones. (radiopaedia.org)
  • The main goal of this procedure was to remove, en bloc, all ipsilateral lymphatic structures from the mandible superiorly to the clavicle inferiorly and from the strap muscles to the anterior border of the trapezius. (medscape.com)
  • Glossopharyngeal nerve, internal cervical nerve, anterior ramus of spinal nerve. (plastinationspecimen.com)
  • It springs from the transverse ' the anterior calcarine m the open half of thp three arranged m. (oxigeme.com)
  • This isolated segment of gland (accessory parotid) has a duct that empties into the main duct. (basicmedicalkey.com)
  • The parotid gland is somewhat artificially divided into two lobes by the facial nerve as it passes through. (basicmedicalkey.com)
  • Interestingly, cranial nerves VII, IX, and X also transmit fibers through the subnucleus caudalis (Figure 1). (mskneurology.com)
  • There are mechanoreceptors and proprioceptive input (A-beta and A-alpha) fibers located within the spinal tract of V. Nociceptive pain is caused by the stimulation of peripheral nerves with A-delta and Cpolymodal pain receptors. (mskneurology.com)
  • What they found, was that compression of the auriculotemporal nerve in patients with temporomandibular joint disorder, symptomatic or asymptomatic, could generate a plethora of symptoms that far surpassed the conventional consensus. (mskneurology.com)
  • What had previously been unknown, however, was how compressive neuropathy of the trigeminal nerve's branches, especially the auriculotemporal nerve, could induce movement disordes as seen in Tourette's syndrome, and even myoclonic and spasmodic nerve disorders such as spasmodic torticollis / cervical dystonia, or generalized dystonia. (mskneurology.com)
  • The so-called 'double fascicular nerve transfer' entails a surgical transfer of the flexor carpi radialis (FCR) and flexor carpi ulnar (FCU) branches of the median and ulnar nerves to the biceps brachii and brachialis branches of the musculocutaneous nerve for functional restoration of elbow flexion 2 - 4 , 6 , 7 , 12 - 15 ). (thenerve.net)
  • Throughout its course, the BA maintains continuous proximity to the median nerve. (bvsalud.org)
  • The roof of this triangle is formed by the cutaneous nerves of cervical plexus and the external jugular vein and platysma muscle. (wikipedia.org)
  • The trapezius has a double nerve-supply: (1) from the terminal fibres of the accessory nerve, and (2) from the cervical plexus (C. 3. (co.ma)
  • Facial nerve palsy and left ventricular failure and acute respiratory or hemodynamic compromise. (surgicalimpex.com)
  • Within expert circles, it is known that TMD can cause trigeminal nerve symptoms such as facial burning and tinnitus (Beyers 1952, Freese 1959, Costen 1934). (mskneurology.com)
  • We then reveal the muscle layers that enable motion of the shoulder and the nerves that direct the muscles and provide sensation. (musculoskeletalkey.com)
  • Motor root avulsion of the C5 and C6 roots results in Erb palsy, with loss of supply to muscles innervated by the suprascapular nerve, axillary nerve, and musculocutaneous nerve 3 ). (thenerve.net)
  • Here, it passes back to divide into three dorsal digital nerves. (drbeen.com)
  • In the 1960s, Suarez and Bocca independently described a more conservative operation that involved removing all the LNs while sparing the spinal accessory nerve, the SCM muscle, and the IJV. (medscape.com)
  • in particular the greater auricular, lingual, hypoglossal and spinal accessory nerves were preserved to ensure a good functional outcome for the patient. (cambridgemedicine.org)
  • The orbicular or spinal accessory mammae are conlinuous with thirty-two darg. (oxigeme.com)
  • Moreover, INIs are also a common source of medicolegal litigation with 60% of INI complications during thyroid surgery leading to malpractice lawsuits and 82% of cases of spinal accessory nerve injury resulting in patient compensation 17 , 18 . (nature.com)
  • variations also occurred in the trajectory and anatomical relationships of the nerves. (bjorl.org.br)
  • IONM seeks to preserve peripheral nerve function through electrical stimulation (ES) of at risk nerves throughout surgery and examining any changes in the amplitude and latency of the evoked signals that are indicative of damage. (nature.com)
  • Be careful to identify this nerve and its branches before opening the carotid sheath. (mhmedical.com)
  • as it emerges from the popliteal space, the nerve follows a course parallel to the vein. (mhmedical.com)
  • The right common iliac vein ascends almost vertically to the IVC while the left common iliac vein takes a more transverse course. (mhmedical.com)