• Unlike pleural fluid, there are no well-defined criteria for distinction between transudates and exudates. (com.pk)
  • There is an important distinction between transudates and exudates. (atozwiki.com)
  • Medical distinction between transudates and exudates is through the measurement of the specific gravity of extracted fluid. (atozwiki.com)
  • In recent studies, measurement of pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (pro-BNP) in pleural fluid and serum appeared to be promising in the diagnosis of transudates in patients with chronic heart failure. (ersjournals.com)
  • Using Light's criteria, pleural effusions are defined as exudate or transudate according to pleural fluid protein and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) values. (basicmedicalkey.com)
  • If these diseases have been ruled out or are very unlikely, the exudate is caused by malignant disease, tuberculosis or the exudate is idiopathic. (ersjournals.com)
  • In the past, it has been stated that a malignant pleural effusion can also occur as a transudate [ 7 ]. (ersjournals.com)
  • Given the favorable prognosis of Meigs' syndrome, clinicians should consider surgical resection, even with potentially malignant ovarian tumors with accompanying pleural effusion, ascites, or both. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Body fluid Lactate dehydrogenase and its isoenzyme Measurement was performed in 132 patients: 8 cases with peritonitis, 21 cases with malignant ascites, 43 cases with liver cirrhosis, 48 cases with tuberculous pleuritis, 12 cases with malignant pleural effusion respectively. (e-jyms.org)
  • The serum-ascites albumin gradient or gap (SAAG) is a calculation used in medicine to help determine the cause of ascites. (wikipedia.org)
  • A rare cause of ascites, with elevated SAAG, and without change in hydrostatic/osmotic pressure is urinary bladder rupture with leakage of urine into the peritoneal space. (wikipedia.org)
  • Ultrasonography can also be useful for determining the cause of ascites. (com.pk)
  • This is most likely due to imperfect application of the diagnostic rules, or comorbid conditions like hypoalbuminaemia, cirrhosis with ascites or chronic heart failure. (ersjournals.com)
  • The most common causes of transudative pleural effusion include congestive heart failure and cirrhosis with ascites. (basicmedicalkey.com)
  • Atypical Meigs syndrome, characterized by a benign pelvic mass with right-sided pleural effusion but without ascites, has been reported at least twice. (medscape.com)
  • We described a case of an 85-year-old postmenopausal female patient with atypical Meigs' syndrome presenting with right-sided pleural effusion, notable leg edema, and trivial ascites, which was initially mistaken as heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. (biomedcentral.com)
  • symptomatic measures for ascites include the appointment of diuretics, puncture removal of fluid from the abdominal cavity. (medic-journal.com)
  • The increase in hydrostatic pressure causes more fluid to leave the circulation into the peritoneal space (ascites). (wikipedia.org)
  • Transudates are caused by disturbances of hydrostatic or colloid osmotic pressure , not by inflammation. (atozwiki.com)
  • Meigs syndrome is defined as the triad of benign ovarian tumor with ascites and pleural effusion that resolves after resection of the tumor. (medscape.com)
  • [ 3 ] In 1954, Meigs proposed limiting true Meigs syndrome to benign and solid ovarian tumors accompanied by ascites and pleural effusion, with the condition that removal of the tumor cures the patient without recurrence. (medscape.com)
  • Pseudo-Meigs syndrome consists of pleural effusion (an example of which can be seen in the image below), ascites, and benign tumors of the ovary other than fibromas. (medscape.com)
  • In the case of an exudate, and benign or non-conclusive cytology, infection, pulmonary embolism and abdominal disease should be considered. (ersjournals.com)
  • Meigs' syndrome is a rare disease characterized by a triad of presentations, including benign ovarian tumor, ascites, and pleural effusion. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Meigs' syndrome (MS) is an uncommon disorder characterized by the clinical triad of presentations including, benign ovarian tumor, ascites, and pleural effusion (PE), which disappear after tumor resection [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The SAAG may be a better discriminant than the older method of classifying ascites fluid as a transudate versus exudate. (wikipedia.org)
  • [ 9 ] These authors believe that their observations favor secretion of fluid from the tumor as the source of the ascites. (medscape.com)
  • Abnormality occurs when this peritoneal fluid accumulates inside the abdominal cavity which causes ascites and abdominal pain. (myhealth.gov.my)
  • Pathological accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity is called as ascites , and the accumulated fluid is called as ascitic fluid. (com.pk)
  • Laboratory analysis of ascitic fluid helps in the differential diagnosis of ascites. (com.pk)
  • Estimation of serum and ascitic fluid albumin allows calculation of serum-ascites albumin gradient (SAAG) that allows categorization of ascites into low and high SAAG. (com.pk)
  • An exudate is a fluid emitted by an organism through pores or a wound, a process known as exuding or exudation . (atozwiki.com)
  • An exudate is any fluid that filters from the circulatory system into lesions or areas of inflammation . (atozwiki.com)
  • The accumulation of peritoneal fluid in ascites is accompanied by an increase in intra-abdominal pressure, pushing the dome of the diaphragm into the thoracic cavity. (medic-journal.com)
  • Ascites in tuberculous peritonitis is caused by secondary infection of the peritoneum due to genital tuberculosis or intestinal tuberculosis. (medic-journal.com)
  • 1.1 g/dL, >11 g/L) indicates the ascites is due to portal hypertension, either liver related or non-liver related, with approximately 97% accuracy. (wikipedia.org)
  • Frequent causes of ascites are diseases occurring with portal hypertension - an increase in pressure in the portal system of the liver (portal vein and its tributaries). (medic-journal.com)
  • 35 g·L −1 ) Light's criteria may misclassify transudates in up to 20% of cases, especially in patients with congestive heart failure who have been on diuretics. (ersjournals.com)
  • In case of possible misclassification by the use of Light's criteria, measurement of pro-BNP level may appear to be a better tool to differentiate a transudate from a pseudo-exudate [ 3 - 6 ]. (ersjournals.com)
  • Rivalta test may be used to differentiate an exudate from a transudate. (atozwiki.com)
  • The most important step in narrowing the differential diagnosis is to distinguish a transudate from an exudate. (ersjournals.com)
  • Serous exudate (sometimes classified as serous transudate ) is usually seen in mild inflammation, with relatively low protein. (atozwiki.com)
  • They have a low protein content in comparison to exudates. (atozwiki.com)
  • Massive ascites can be accompanied by significant loss of protein and electrolyte disturbances. (medic-journal.com)
  • Protein deficiency, kidney diseases (nephrotic syndrome, chronic glomerulonephritis), heart failure, myxedema, gastrointestinal diseases (pancreatitis, Crohn's disease, chronic diarrhea), lymphostasis associated with compression of the thoracic lymphatic duct, lymphangiectasis and difficulty in lymph outflow from the abdominal cavity predispose to the development of ascites. (medic-journal.com)
  • 3. All patients with ascites who develop clinical features of bacterial infection, hepatic encephalopathy, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, or impairment of renal function. (com.pk)
  • Exudate may ooze from cuts or from areas of infection or inflammation. (atozwiki.com)
  • Abdominal and pelvic ultrasonography confirms the ovarian mass and ascites. (medscape.com)
  • Computed tomography scanning of the abdomen and pelvis confirms ascites and the presence of an ovarian, uterine, fallopian tube, or broad ligament mass. (medscape.com)
  • In 1937, Meigs and Cass described 7 cases of ovarian fibromas associated with ascites and pleural effusion. (medscape.com)
  • Samanth and Black studied ovarian tumors accompanied by ascites and found that only tumors larger than 10 cm in diameter with a myxoid component to the stroma are associated with ascites. (medscape.com)
  • Development of ascites may be due to release of mediators (eg, activated complements, histamines, fibrin degradation products) from the tumor, leading to increased capillary permeability. (medscape.com)
  • Fibrinous exudate is composed mainly of fibrinogen and fibrin . (atozwiki.com)
  • Fibrinous inflammation is often difficult to resolve due to blood vessels growing into the exudate and filling space that was occupied by fibrin. (atozwiki.com)
  • however, with certain diseases (e.g. exudate with fibrin formation), these fenestrae can become occluded, effectively forming a complete mediastinum. (dvm360.com)
  • Ascites of tuberculous etiology are also characterized by weight loss, fever, and general intoxication phenomena. (medic-journal.com)
  • Transudate: An imbalance pressure within blood vessels due to condition like liver diseases. (myhealth.gov.my)
  • In a number of diseases, the secretory, resorptive and barrier functions of the peritoneum are disrupted, which leads to ascites. (medic-journal.com)
  • Negative pressure pulmonary edema [10] in which a significant negative pressure in the chest (such as from an inhalation against an upper airway obstruction) ruptures capillaries and floods the alveoli. (mdwiki.org)
  • The size of the tube usually depends on the indication for the procedure (pneumothorax vs. effusion), the effusion characteristics (transudate vs. exudate), and patient condition. (basicmedicalkey.com)
  • In the case of a proven exudate with non-conclusive cytology after (repeated) thoracocenthesis, an additional procedure to obtain pleural histology tissue is the next step. (ersjournals.com)
  • Ascites is a secondary condition characterized by the accumulation of exudate or transudate in the free abdominal cavity. (medic-journal.com)
  • We compared the stability of ethanol in capped vs decapped tubes in the context of routine laboratory automation, storage time, and specimen volumes. (bvsalud.org)
  • Catarrhal exudate is seen in the nose and throat and is characterized by a high content of mucus. (atozwiki.com)
  • A significant increase in intra-abdominal pressure with ascites can lead to the development of umbilical or femoral hernias, varicocele, hemorrhoids, rectal prolapse. (medic-journal.com)
  • Purulent or suppurative exudate consists of plasma with both active and dead neutrophils , fibrinogen , and necrotic parenchymal cells . (atozwiki.com)
  • Thus, with ascites, respiratory and heart failure, pronounced metabolic disorders can develop, which worsens the prognosis of the underlying disease. (medic-journal.com)
  • Transudates are pale yellow or straw-colored and clear, whereas exudates are opaque or turbid. (com.pk)
  • It is not clear if there is a distinction in the difference of transudates and exudates in plants. (atozwiki.com)