• Longer-term (24 and 48 h) treatment reduced the expression of lipogenic markers (FA synthase and sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1) and increased the expression of lipolytic [hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) and adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL)] and mitochondrial (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1) markers. (academic-accelerator.com)
  • The expression of regulatory molecules, TGF-β1/2, phospho-Akt (Ser473), PPARα, sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP-1), fatty acid synthase (FASN), hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL), and acyl dehydrogenases was analyzed in virus-infected hepatocytes. (academic-accelerator.com)
  • Recently, the sterol regulatory element binding protein SrbA was found to be essential for adaptation to iron starvation, thereby linking regulation of iron metabolism, ergosterol biosynthesis, azole drug resistance, and hypoxia adaptation. (frontiersin.org)
  • The pancreas secretes pancreatic lipase , colipase, and cholesterol esterase , which hydrolyze the lipid into cholesterol , fatty acids , and 2-monoglyceride molecules. (amboss.com)
  • Other enzymes involved in lipid digestion are cholesterol esterase and phospholipases A 1 and A 2 . (tuscany-diet.net)
  • Crucial ROS-related proteins were identified, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD, T5A6F1), Nor-1 (T5AFX3), electron transport protein (T5AHD1), histidine phosphotransferase (HPt, T5A9Z5) and Glutathione peroxidase (T5A9V1). (peerj.com)
  • As mono or diiron center as well as incorporated into heme or iron-sulfur clusters, this metal is an indispensable cofactor for a variety of cellular processes including electron transport, amino acid metabolism, and biosynthesis of DNA and sterols. (frontiersin.org)
  • The substrates that can be transported include ions, amino acids, peptides, sugars, and other molecules that are mostly hydrophilic. (wikipedia.org)
  • ABC transporters utilize the energy of ATP binding and hydrolysis to transport various substrates across cellular membranes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Brain cholesterol metabolism is segregated from the peripheral circulation by the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and cholesterol transport in the central nervous system (CNS) is operated by lipoproteins very similar to the circulating high-density lipoproteins (HDLs) and called "HDL-like particles" [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • FATTY ACIDS found in the plasma that are complexed with SERUM ALBUMIN for transport. (lookformedical.com)
  • After ingested fats (lipids) are cleaved by enzymes, lipids are absorbed in the small intestine and transported via the lymphatic system into the bloodstream. (amboss.com)
  • During this transport process, lipids are bound to special hydrophilic apolipoproteins . (amboss.com)
  • Absorbed lipids are transported in chylomicrons via the lymphatic system into the bloodstream, where they reach the liver , peripheral tissues (which have LDL receptors ) and adipose tissue (storage). (amboss.com)
  • Lipids circulating in the bloodstream are transported in lipoproteins (contain hydrophilic apolipoproteins ) because the hydrophobic lipids are insoluble in plasma. (amboss.com)
  • Hydrophobicity, one of the distinctive properties of many dietary lipids, that makes triglycerides excellent molecules for energy storage, creates problems when such molecules are digested in the gastrointestinal tract, absorbed in the small intestine, and finally transported in the circulation after absorption or mobilization from body stores. (tuscany-diet.net)
  • ABC uptake porters take up a large variety of nutrients, biosynthetic precursors, trace metals and vitamins, while exporters transport lipids, sterols, drugs, and a large variety of primary and secondary metabolites. (wikipedia.org)
  • In gram-negative bacteria, exporters transport lipids and some polysaccharides from the cytoplasm to the periplasm. (wikipedia.org)
  • Despite its high abundance in the Earth's crust, the bioavailability of iron is low owing to its oxidation into sparingly soluble ferric (Fe 3+ ) hydroxides by atmospheric oxygen. (frontiersin.org)
  • INTRODUCTION Polyphenols are natural compounds characterized by a high structural diversity, and their common occurrence in plants renders them intrinsic dietary components. (docksci.com)
  • here, we investigated the nucleo-cytoplasmic shuttling mechanism that transports xyr1 across the nuclear pore complex. (liverpool.ac.uk)
  • Like the ABC exporters, it is possible that the integral membrane proteins of ABC uptake systems also evolved at least three times independently, based on their high resolution three-dimensional structures. (wikipedia.org)
  • When the ABC transport proteins are overexpressed in cancer cells, they can export anticancer drugs and render tumors resistant. (wikipedia.org)
  • Pathogens use siderophores, such as Enterobactin, to scavenge iron that is in complex with high-affinity iron-binding proteins or erythrocytes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Other than functioning in transport, some bacterial ABC proteins are also involved in the regulation of several physiological processes. (wikipedia.org)
  • to facilitate higher yields of proteins of interest, we constructed the pasop vector to express heterologous proteins in a. oryzae. (liverpool.ac.uk)
  • These are high-affinity iron-chelating molecules that are secreted by bacteria and reabsorb iron into iron-siderophore complexes. (wikipedia.org)
  • The enzyme activities of recombinant strains over-expressing PDI and CPR5 reached the highest levels of 259.47 U/mL and 161.34 U/mL, 635% and 357% higher than the original enzyme activity, respectively. (inra.fr)
  • High level expression of the genes encoding some of these exporters in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms (including human) result in the development of resistance to multiple drugs such as antibiotics and anti-cancer agents. (wikipedia.org)
  • A variety of plant stanols and sterols, in particular the beta-sitosterol, which is not absorbed under physiological conditions, are also included among dietary steroids. (tuscany-diet.net)
  • Triclabendazole displays high efficacy against both immature and adult liver fluke. (curezone.org)
  • Review enterocytes, polyphenolic compounds are transported by the portal vein to the liver where they undergo further coupling reactions, similarly to other xenobiotics. (docksci.com)
  • The research findings have shown that the genes associated with detoxification, digestion, and transport are significantly influenced by host transfer [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Research, however, reveals that: 1) very small amounts of Al are needed to produce neurotoxicity and this criterion is satisfied through dietary Al intake, 2) Al sequesters different transport mechanisms to actively traverse brain barriers, 3) incremental acquisition of small amounts of Al over a lifetime favors its selective accumulation in brain tissues, and 4) since 1911, experimental evidence has repeatedly demonstrated that chronic Al intoxication reproduces neuropathological hallmarks of AD. (iospress.com)
  • Both LOH and PTEN promoter methylation were associated significantly with age and clinical stage, while, methylation and loss of PTEN expression were associated with high grade and Her-2 negativity. (cancerindex.org)
  • High-throughput sequencing provides a powerful approach for analyzing the association between changes in gene expression and the physiological responses of insects. (biomedcentral.com)
  • CD44 is one of the well-known surface markers for hepatocellular carcinoma, and its expression level is related to poor survival and a high recurrence rate. (fabad.org.tr)
  • On the other hand, high reactivity and very large diversity in terms of structure and molecular weight renders polyphenols one of the most difficult groups of compounds to investigate, as evidenced by ambiguous and sometimes contradictory results of many studies. (docksci.com)
  • however, an increase in high-density lipoprotein ( HDL ) has a positive effect on the vessels. (amboss.com)
  • Feature papers represent the most advanced research with significant potential for high impact in the field. (mdpi.com)
  • The blood-brain barrier (BBB) influences brain levels of amyloid-β (Aβ) by transporting Aβ out of the brain (efflux) and by the reabsorption of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) into the blood stream (bulk flow). (iospress.com)
  • This premium complex contains an unparalleled spectrum of specially selected beneficial phytonutrients and extracts such as high-quality EGCG from green tea extract, taxifolin as premium larch extract, lycopene from tomato extract, a full spectrum olive extract from natural olive leaves and fruits, pomegranate extract, guggul extract, premium whole artichoke leaf extract, fermented black garlic extract, bergamot fruit extract, mango leaf extract and fenugreek seed extract. (geurti.best)
  • The fast growth of industrialization and urbanization ends in a quite a few manufacturing of varied natural chemical substances to satisfy the growing demand in high-quality life. (allelebio.com)
  • Intended for the prevention of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in premature infants at high risk for RDS. (drugbank.com)
  • Liquid chromatographic techniques which feature high inlet pressures, high sensitivity, and high speed. (lookformedical.com)