These include HIV, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, Treponema pallidum (syphilis) and, where relevant, other infections that pose a risk to the safety of the blood supply, such as Trypanosoma cruzi (Chagas disease) and Plasmodium species (malaria). (wikipedia.org)
Transfusion17
IVDs for clinical decisions on diagnosis and treatment, as does screening of blood/blood products for transfusion and human organs/tissues for transplantation. (who.int)
Blood transfusion is the process of transferring blood products into a person's circulation intravenously. (wikipedia.org)
White blood cells are not commonly used during transfusion, but they are part of the immune system, and also fight infections. (wikipedia.org)
The advisory caution to use blood transfusion only with more severe anemia is in part due to evidence that outcomes are worsened if larger amounts are given. (wikipedia.org)
citation needed] Before a blood transfusion is given, there are many steps taken to ensure quality of the blood products, compatibility, and safety to the recipient. (wikipedia.org)
In 2012, a national blood policy was in place in 70% of countries and 69% of countries had specific legislation that covers the safety and quality of blood transfusion. (wikipedia.org)
The source of blood to be transfused can either be the potential recipient (autologous transfusion), or someone else (allogeneic or homologous transfusion). (wikipedia.org)
The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that all donated blood be tested for transfusion-transmissible infections. (wikipedia.org)
Syphilis is transmissible by sexual contact with infectious lesions, from mother to fetus in utero, via blood product transfusion, and occasionally through breaks in the skin that come into contact with infectious lesions. (medscape.com)
That is, it can be transmitted either by intimate contact with infectious lesions (most common) or via blood transfusion (if blood has been collected during early syphilis), and it can also be transmitted transplacentally from an infected mother to her fetus. (medscape.com)
Blood transfusion is the process of transferring blood or blood-based products from one person into the circulatory system of another. (wikidoc.org)
The first historical attempt at blood transfusion was described by the 15th-century chronicler Stefano Infessura. (wikidoc.org)
With Harvey's re-discovery of the circulation of the blood (which was discoverd by Ibn al-Nafis in the 13th century), more sophisticated research into blood transfusion began in the 17th century, with successful experiments in transfusion between animals. (wikidoc.org)
The first fully-documented human blood transfusion was administered by Dr. Jean-Baptiste Denys on June 15, 1667. (wikidoc.org)
His newly devised instruments eventually led to actual transfusion of blood. (wikidoc.org)
Six months later in London, Lower performed the first human transfusion in England, where he "superintended the introduction in his [a patient's] arm at various times of some ounces of sheep's blood at a meeting of the Royal Society, and without any inconvenience to him. (wikidoc.org)
Infections2
Gonorrhoea is one of the most common sexually transmissible infections in men who have sex with men (MSM). (biomedcentral.com)
[2] Hosts can fight infections using their immune systems . (wikipedia.org)
Transfusions6
Transfusions are used for various medical conditions to replace lost components of the blood. (wikipedia.org)
Early transfusions used whole blood, but modern medical practice commonly uses only components of the blood, such as red blood cells, white blood cells, plasma, platelets, and other clotting factors. (wikipedia.org)
Blood transfusions can be life-saving in some situations, such as massive blood loss due to trauma , or can be used to replace blood lost during surgery . (wikidoc.org)
Blood transfusions may also be used to treat a severe anaemia or thrombocytopenia caused by a blood disease . (wikidoc.org)
People suffering from hemophilia or sickle-cell disease may require frequent blood transfusions. (wikidoc.org)
Then, Denys performed several transfusions into Mr. Mauroy, who on the third account had died (read Blood and Justice). (wikidoc.org)
Infectious1
[1] An infectious disease , also known as a transmissible disease or communicable disease , is an illness resulting from an infection. (wikipedia.org)
Disease2
Studies in rabbits show that spirochetes can be found in the lymphatic system as early as 30 minutes after primary inoculation, suggesting that syphilis is a systemic disease from the outset. (medscape.com)
During the first 5-10 years after the onset of untreated primary infection, the disease principally involves the meninges and blood vessels, resulting in meningovascular neurosyphilis. (medscape.com)
Cells2
Red blood cells (RBC) contain hemoglobin, and supply the cells of the body with oxygen. (wikipedia.org)
Methemoglobinemia, Increased Deformability and Reduced Membrane Stability of Red Blood Cells in a Cat with a CYB5R3 Splice Defect. (unibe.ch)
Products2
Other blood products are given where appropriate, e.g., to treat clotting deficiencies. (wikipedia.org)
In first-world countries, donations are usually anonymous to the recipient, but products in a blood bank are always individually traceable through the whole cycle of donation, testing, separation into components, storage, and administration to the recipient. (wikipedia.org)
Whole blood1
Blood is most commonly donated as whole blood obtained intravenously and mixed with an anticoagulant. (wikipedia.org)
Produce1
In acquired syphilis, T pallidum rapidly penetrates intact mucous membranes or microscopic dermal abrasions and, within a few hours, enters the lymphatics and blood to produce systemic infection. (medscape.com)
Plasma1
Plasma is the "yellowish" liquid part of blood, which acts as a buffer, and contains proteins and important substances needed for the body's overall health. (wikipedia.org)
Body1
Platelets are involved in blood clotting, preventing the body from bleeding. (wikipedia.org)
Medical1
Advanced two-way audiovisual communications systems have revolutionized the primitives of medical care. (ceufast.com)
Lower2
Because each unit of blood given carries risks, a trigger level lower than that, at 70 to 80g/L, is now usually used, as it has been shown to have better patient outcomes. (wikipedia.org)
Richard Lower examined the effects of changes in blood volume on circulatory function and developed methods for cross-circulatory study in animals, obviating clotting by closed arteriovenous connections. (wikidoc.org)
Skin1
and dermatophytes , a group of organisms causing infection of skin and other superficial structures in humans. (wikipedia.org)
People2
The administration of a single unit of blood is the standard for hospitalized people who are not bleeding, with this treatment followed with re-assessment and consideration of symptoms and hemoglobin concentration. (wikipedia.org)
Both instances were likely due to small amount of blood that was actually transfused into these people. (wikidoc.org)
Risks1
Because each unit of blood given carries risks, a trigger level lower than that, at 70 to 80g/L, is now usually used, as it has been shown to have better patient outcomes. (wikipedia.org)
Cell processors are red cell washing devices that collect anticoagulated shed or recovered blood, wash and separate the red blood cells (RBCs) by centrifugation, and reinfuse the RBCs. (bionity.com)
Donor1
Screening for transmissible diseases and deferral policies for vCJD designed to improve safety have contributed to shrinking the donor pool. (bionity.com)
Donation2
Using another's blood must first start with donation of blood. (wikipedia.org)
In first-world countries, donations are usually anonymous to the recipient, but products in a blood bank are always individually traceable through the whole cycle of donation, testing, separation into components, storage, and administration to the recipient. (wikipedia.org)
Risk2
Thrombotic events: consider blood viscosity labs for those at risk (5.6) . (nih.gov)
Human errors such as misidentifying patients and drawing blood samples from the wrong person present much more of a risk than transmissible diseases. (bionity.com)
Oxygen2
Red blood cells (RBC) contain hemoglobin, and supply the cells of the body with oxygen. (wikipedia.org)
Patients with poor oxygen saturation may need more blood. (wikipedia.org)
Suitable1
Donated blood is usually subjected to processing after it is collected, to make it suitable for use in specific patient populations. (wikipedia.org)
Patients3
Because of this scientific misunderstanding, many patients died because of incompatible blood transferred to them. (wikipedia.org)
Approximately 20,000 stool specimens from patients with diarrhea visiting an urban and a rural hospital in Bangladesh during January 2001-May 2006 were tested for group A rotavirus antigen, and 4,712 (24.0%) were positive. (cdc.gov)
As a result, the global medical community has increasingly moved from allogenic blood (blood collected from another person) towards autologous infusion, in which patients receive their own blood. (bionity.com)
Components1
Before these components were known, doctors believed that blood was homogeneous. (wikipedia.org)
Lost1
Intraoperative blood salvage , also known as autologous blood salvage , is a medical procedure involving recovering blood lost during surgery and re-infusing it into the patient. (bionity.com)
High2
These are used frequently in cardiothoracic and vascular surgery , in which blood usage has traditionally been high. (bionity.com)
Intraoperative blood salvage has been used for many years, especially in cardiothoracic and vascular surgery, where blood usage has traditionally been high. (bionity.com)
Population1
In many industrialized countries 5% or less of the eligible population are blood donors. (bionity.com)
Administration1
The administration of a single unit of blood is the standard for hospitalized people who are not bleeding, with this treatment followed with re-assessment and consideration of symptoms and hemoglobin concentration. (wikipedia.org)
Countries1
According to the WHO, 10 countries are not able to screen all donated blood for one or more of: HIV, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, or syphilis. (wikipedia.org)