Transfer transformation genetic. Medical search. Frequent questions

Conjugation allows for the transfer of target genes to many recipients, including yeast, mammalian cells, and diatoms. (wikipedia.org)
Genes encoding anti-fungal compounds are now being transferred to important commercial cultivars.The hypothesis that transgenic rootstocks can be used to transmit gene products to scions via the graft union is being tested in ongoing research. (cornell.edu)
The process of GM plant production from construction of recombinant plant genes to their transfer to plants via Agrobacterium - mediated and direct transformation e.g. particle bombardment is described. (bath.ac.uk)
295 "Gene escape model: transfer of heavy metal resis -tance genes from E.coli":App. (globalchange.com)
These domestication traits likely consisted of a few major genes controlling dramatic changes in crop physiology, as is suggested by genetic studies comparing maize to its ancestor teosinte (Doebley et al. (springer.com)
they transfer "foreign" genes from one place to another. (lifeissues.net)
When the genetically engineered vector replicates inside the human host, this "foreign" gene will also be replicated along with the vector's original genes -- and thus be transferred to the human host. (lifeissues.net)
In this way, bacteria gain novel genetic information, for example metabolic traits, pathogenicity determinants and resistance genes as a driving force for bacterial adaptation and evolution. (elifesciences.org)
In this manuscript, a novel technology called GAANTRY (for Gene Assembly in Agrobacterium by Nucleic acid Transfer using Recombinase technologY) is described that enables the efficient assembly of multiple genes in Agrobacterium and their transfer to plants as single units. (usda.gov)
GAANTRY (Gene Assembly in Agrobacterium by Nucleic acid Transfer using Recombinase technologY) is a flexible and effective system for stably stacking multiple genes within an Agrobacterium virulence plasmid Transfer-DNA (T-DNA). (usda.gov)
The system utilizes unidirectional site-specific recombinases in vivo and an alternating selection scheme to sequentially assemble multiple genes into a single transformation construct. (usda.gov)
These genes can disseminate and their transfer to or within pathogens can aggravate therapies or even make them impossible. (bats.ch)
Bacteria can acquire antibiotic resistance either by mutational modification of their genome or by incorporating genes originating from other micro-organisms by gene transfer. (bats.ch)
Acquisition and transfer of antibiotic resistance genes is related to the selection pressure exerted by the intensive use of these substances, which explains the world-wide alarming situation in human medicine. (bats.ch)
Remarkably, the transient transformation results showed lower MDA content and increased expression of ROS-related genes NbAPX in transgenic plants, which implying OfGT3/42/46 may improve the salt tolerance of tobacco. (biomedcentral.com)
Over time, OspC genes were transferred between strains through recombinations involving the whole or parts of the gene and one or both flanks. (cdc.gov)
The Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man ( OMIM ) database is a searchable catalog of human genes and genetic disorders. (msdmanuals.com)

Bacteria evolve rapidly not only by mutation, but also by horizontal gene transfer through the transformation, transduction, and conjugation. (k-state.edu)

Since the early 1990's, different genetic transformation systems have been successfully developed in sugarcane, including electroporation, Agrobacterium tumefaciens and biobalistics. (frontiersin.org)
GoldBio's GV3101 Agrobacterium chemically competent cells allow you to obtain high transformation efficiency in applications such as gDNA or cDNA library construction. (goldbio.com)
Our system is often used for Agrobacterium -mediated transformation in mono and dicotyledonous species such as Arabidopsis thaliana , tobacco, potato, soybeans and corn. (goldbio.com)

One of the main problems in using bacterial conjugation in genetic engineering is that certain selectable markers on the plasmids generate bacteria that have resistance to antibiotics like ampicillin and kanamycin. (wikipedia.org)
Similarly, I was not surprised by the research results released earlier this year by the Food Standards Agency [12], indicating that transgenic DNA from GM soya flour, eaten in a single hamburger and milk shake meal, was found transferred to the bacteria in the gut contents from the colostomy bags of human volunteers. (i-sis.org.uk)
The term transformation often is preferred to describe non-viral DNA transfer in bacteria and non-animal eukaryotic cells such as fungi , algae , and plants . (newworldencyclopedia.org)
It also was used in the sense of "infection by transformation," in other words, introduction of DNA (or RNA) from an eukaryote virus or bacteriophage (a virus that infects bacteria) into cells, resulting in an infection. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
However, transformation also is used in other senses as well, including to the non-viral nucleic acid uptake specifically in bacteria and non-animal eukaryotic cells such as fungi , algae , and plants . (newworldencyclopedia.org)
The bla gene originates from the cloning vector PUC18 and is not expressed in maize, but has bacterial regulatory sequences that would allow it to become functional were it to be transferred back into bacteria. (gmwatch.org)
The researchers investigated the survival of DNA from transgenic maize and the transfer of the antibiotic resistance bla gene to bacteria in the presence of saliva, rumen fluid and silage effluent, which are relevant to horizontal gene transfer in the oral cavity, the rumen, and in silage. (gmwatch.org)
The natural transformation of the soil bacteria Pseudomonas stutzeri and Acinetobacter sp. (gmwatch.org)
Conjugation involves a close contact between two bacteria and transfer of the plasmid that carry many genetic elements. (k-state.edu)
By enabling pathogenic bacteria to adapt to the human host, natural transformation is clinically relevant. (elifesciences.org)
Now, a team from the University of Tsukuba have revealed the mechanism by which this methicillin resistance can be passed between bacteria ( Nature Communications , 'Natural transformation allows transfer of SCCmec-mediated methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus biofilms' ). (nanowerk.com)
There are a variety of methods by which bacteria can carry out horizontal gene transfer. (nanowerk.com)
Targeting biofilm formation could be a promising approach for preventing the evolution of staphylococcal bacteria and the spread of bacterial resistance by the transfer of SCC mobile elements. (nanowerk.com)
It is plausible, Marraffini says, that mutations caused by type III CRISPR are among the major factors in the transformation of harmless Staphylococcus aureus bacteria into more deadly antibiotic-resistant variants. (rockefeller.edu)
Marraffini suspects that the mutations introduced by DNA repair offset that loss-ensuring that, although the opportunity for horizontal gene transfer via phage is lost, bacteria still have a chance to mutate and benefit from further evolution. (rockefeller.edu)
IMPORTANCE Antimicrobial resistance occurs due to genetic alterations that affect different processes in bacteria. (bvsalud.org)

An origin of transfer (oriT) is a short sequence ranging from 40-500 base pairs in length that is necessary for the transfer of DNA from a gram-negative bacterial donor to recipient during bacterial conjugation. (wikipedia.org)
The transfer of DNA is a critical component for antimicrobial resistance within bacterial cells and the oriT structure and mechanism within plasmid DNA is complementary to its function in bacterial conjugation. (wikipedia.org)
There are some methods for genetic transfer for diatoms, but they are slow compared to bacterial conjugation. (wikipedia.org)
By designing plasmids for the diatoms P. tricornutum and T. pseudonana based on sequences for yeast and developing a method for conjugation from E. coli to the diatoms, researchers hope to advance genetic manipulation in diatoms. (wikipedia.org)
c) In conjugation, DNA is transferred between cells through a cytoplasmic bridge after a conjugation pilus draws the two cells close enough to form the bridge. (pressbooks.pub)

High transformation efficiency of citrus is of great importance for large scale characterization of gene functions and also cultivar development via transgenic and genome editing technologies. (springer.com)
My biggest achievement has been to establish a robust platform for genetic transformation and genome editing. (cgiar.org)
This has allowed us to develop genetically modified and genome-edited products and to transfer these technologies to national agricultural research systems in sub-Saharan Africa. (cgiar.org)
I have been honored to be an elected fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) for my contribution to the development of robust genetic transformation platforms for banana/plantain, cassava, enset, and yam, as well as the application of genome editing technologies. (cgiar.org)
The binary system makes possible to transfer genetic material into a host plant's genome. (goldbio.com)
It is thought that HGT is more prevalent in prokaryotes but that only a small fraction of the prokaryotic genome may be transferred by this type of transfer at any one time. (pressbooks.pub)
Without the activity of enzymes and proteins, the genetic information in the genome would not be able to be expressed and translated into functional proteins. (proprofs.com)

An inverted repeat sequence: signals the end of replication of donor DNA and is responsible for transfer frequency, plasmid mobilization, and secondary DNA structure formation. (wikipedia.org)
The results revealed that there was no significance difference between the presence and the absence of norepinephrine on conjugative transfer of RP4 plasmid between E. coli strains (FS1290 and C600N) either in filter mating or liquid mating. (k-state.edu)
Transformation Efficiency (TE) is defined as the number of colony forming units (cfu) produced by transforming 1 µg of plasmid into a given volume of competent cells. (goldbio.com)
A pCb plasmid encoding a beta-lactamase from Haemophilus ducreyi was transferred to Escherichia coli, purified, and characterized. (lu.se)

The interaction between the DNA oriT and relaxase enables antimicrobial resistance via horizontal gene transfer (Figure 1). (wikipedia.org)
I-SIS submitted written questions to the upcoming 'Open Meeting' of the Advisory Committee for Novel Food Products (ACNFP) in which horizontal gene transfer is to be discussed. (i-sis.org.uk)
Horizontal gene transfer is one of the most serious, if not the most serious hazard of transgenic technology. (i-sis.org.uk)
Transgenic DNA is in many respects optimised for horizontal gene transfer. (i-sis.org.uk)
Since then, we have continued to warn our regulators that the CaMV 35S promoter will be extra prone to spread by horizontal gene transfer and recombination [7-9]. (i-sis.org.uk)
The evidence for horizontal gene transfer is accumulating. (gmwatch.org)
E. coli strain DH5a was the test micro-organism for horizontal gene transfer. (gmwatch.org)
In summary, horizontal gene transfer can occur before the DNA is completely broken down, even when the breakdown is rapid, as in the rumen or in silage. (gmwatch.org)
DNA breakdown is extremely slow in saliva, and hence the oral cavity will be a very important site for horizontal gene transfer. (gmwatch.org)
Genetic information for traits such as virulence and drug resistance can be passed from one bacterium to another through the transfer of mobile genetic elements, a process called horizontal gene transfer. (nanowerk.com)
This study has now shown that the environment within the biofilm also promotes horizontal gene transfer. (nanowerk.com)
In prokaryotes, horizontal gene transfer (HGT), the introduction of genetic material from one organism to another organism within the same generation, is an important way to introduce genetic diversity. (pressbooks.pub)
There are three prokaryote-specific mechanisms leading to horizontal gene transfer in prokaryotes. (pressbooks.pub)
This would be particularly interesting, given that CRISPR immune systems prevent another major driver of bacterial evolution-horizontal gene transfer, or the exchange of large chunks of genetic material between cells. (rockefeller.edu)

On the other hand, transgenic plants produced from mature tissue via genetic transformation can drastically shorten flowering and fruiting time and thus speed up field evaluation studies. (springer.com)
1989). Genetic transformation may enable the development of transgenic plants with enhanced resistance to wilt diseases. (scialert.net)

It is designed to cross species barriers and to jump into genomes, and it has homologies to the DNA of many species and their genetic parasites (plasmids, transposons and viruses), thereby enhancing recombination with all of them [2]. (i-sis.org.uk)

So, as new evolutionary optima have been set by environmental changes (e.g., domestication, management practices, biotic or abiotic pressures) or major shifts in genetic background, plant breeders have selected better-adapted genotypes while pursuing faster genetic gains through technological innovations and scientific breakthroughs. (springer.com)

Mutations in the secretin domain disrupted the crown and abolished DNA uptake, suggesting a central role of the crown in natural transformation. (elifesciences.org)
Natural transformation involves the bacterial cells entering a state termed "competence", in which they can take up genetic material from the environment outside their cell wall. (nanowerk.com)
Not only does our study reveal more about the spread of bacterial resistance, but it establishes a reliable system to detect natural transformation in Staphylococcus aureus ," explains main author Professor Ryosuke L. Ohniwa. (nanowerk.com)
Biofilm formation seems key in allowing natural transformation to occur," explains senior author Professor Kazuya Morikawa. (nanowerk.com)

These vectors are designed for protein transient expression and genetic transformation. (jove.com)

1997 were resistant to tetracycline, tor and tested to determine if recom- is a Vibrio cholerae -derived ICE sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim, binant plasmids confer trimethoprim (integrating and conjugative element), chloramphenicol, and streptomycin resistance after transformation to which has also been referred to as a (7). (cdc.gov)
Lateral gene transfers resulted in different linkages between the ospC gene and loci of the chromosome or other plasmids. (cdc.gov)

Transformation of eukaryotic cells in tissue culture is usually called transfection. (newworldencyclopedia.org)

This is called "recombinant-DNA somatic cell gene transfer" or therapy, the point being that the targets are the diseased somatic cells of the patient. (lifeissues.net)
Of even more concern would be the use of somatic cell gene therapies that are purposefully and deceptively used to change the genetic makeup of the patient's future progeny who would continue to carry the "foreign" gene - all done under the guise of treating the somatic cells of a particular patient to "cure" his/her disease. (lifeissues.net)
Then, somatic embryogenesis occurred on calli after transfer to half- strength liquid MS with 2.69 μM NAA and 1.16 μM Kin. (scialert.net)

An efficient genetic transformation protocol is a key step for using transgenic technologies to improve citrus quality, productivity, and resistance to abiotic and biotic stresses such as HLB. (springer.com)
ICEs excise from the chromo- resistance showed an SXT element transformation. (cdc.gov)
Survival of free DNA encoding antibiotic resistance from transgenic maize and the transformation activity of DNA in ovine saliva, ovine rumen fluid and silage effluent. (gmwatch.org)
The mechanism by which methicillin resistance is transferred has not previously been known. (nanowerk.com)
After 300 generations of experimental evolution without antimicrobials, we show complete fitness restoration in four of five genetic backgrounds and demonstrate evolutionary instability in collateral networks of newly acquired resistance determinants. (bvsalud.org)

Genetic inheritance patterns are known. (msdmanuals.com)

More than 60 bacterial species have been shown to take up and incorporate DNA (undergo transformation). (gmwatch.org)
Hairy roots are induced by the incorporation of a bacterial-derived segment of DNA transferred (T-DNA) into the chromosome of the plant cell. (bioone.org)

The effects of a maize knotted1 ( kn1) gene under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter on genetic transformation efficiencies of six citrus genotypes were tested. (springer.com)
Our results demonstrate that expression of the kn1 gene enhances transformation efficiencies from 3 to 15 fold compared to a control vector, 3-11 fold relative to the highest transformation efficiencies reported for these citrus genotypes. (springer.com)
With all six genotypes of citrus tested including Eureka lemon, a cultivar difficult to be transformed, our results demonstrate that the kn1 gene may provide an effective molecular tool to enhance genetic transformation efficiencies of various citrus varieties. (springer.com)
Genetic diversity is also introduced during sexual reproduction , when the genetic information from two parents, each with different complements of genetic information, are combined, producing new combinations of parental genotypes in the diploid offspring. (pressbooks.pub)

In sexually reproducing organisms, crossing-over events and independent assortment of individual chromosomes during meiosis contribute to genetic diversity in the population. (pressbooks.pub)

This process of bringing the two cells together recruits the type IV secretion system, a protein complex that forms the transfer channel between the donor and recipient, starting the formation of the relaxation complex known as the relaxosome at the oriT. (wikipedia.org)
We demonstrate here that GSK-3 maintains the MLL leukemia stem cell transcriptional program by promoting the conditional association of CREB and its coactivators TORC and CBP with homedomain protein MEIS1, a critical component of the MLL-subordinate program, which in turn facilitates HOX-mediated transcription and transformation. (stanford.edu)

In molecular biology, the term transformation has been used in the related sense to refer to the genetic alteration of a cell resulting from the uptake, genomic incorporation, and expression of foreign genetic material ( DNA ). (newworldencyclopedia.org)

This genetic material is not DNA that was put there on purpose, but rather, is a contaminant of standard editing procedures. (greenmedinfo.com)
Genetic material, such as sections of DNA coding for proteins , may be transfected. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
When prokaryotes and eukaryotes reproduce asexually, they transfer a nearly identical copy of their genetic material to their offspring through vertical gene transfer. (pressbooks.pub)
Many scientists believe that HGT and mutation are significant sources of genetic variation, the raw material for the process of natural selection, in prokaryotes. (pressbooks.pub)
Activity -- The number of nuclear transformations occurring in a given quantity of material per unit time. (cdc.gov)

Since the Neolithic revolution, plant breeding has gone through distinct phases, separated by radical transformations. (springer.com)
In the early twentieth century, it was believed that proteins might carry genetic information because proteins were known to be composed of 20 distinct amino acids, whereas DNA is composed of only 4 nucleotides. (proprofs.com)
Phenotypic assessment demonstrates that K1 capsule synthesis enhances E. coli survival in human serum independent of genetic background, and that therapeutic targeting of the K1 capsule re-sensitizes E. coli from distinct genetic backgrounds to human serum. (bvsalud.org)

In some cases, genetic disorders diagnosed prenatally can subsequently be treated, preventing complications. (msdmanuals.com)

1994). Availability of a tissue culture protocol with such criteria would be an important step towards the establishment of a genetic transformation system in this species. (scialert.net)

This technological breakthrough will enable genetic engineers to effectively improve complex traits in a wide array of crops. (usda.gov)

The risk of cancer is highlighted by the recent report that gene therapy - genetic modification of human cells - claimed its first cancer victim [4]. (i-sis.org.uk)
The transgenic constructs used in genetic modification are basically the same whether it is of human cells or of other animals and plants. (i-sis.org.uk)
This unit introduces the techniques and targets of plant Genetic Modification and provides background to conventional agricultural practices against which to judge this new technology. (bath.ac.uk)

In October 2003, researchers succeeded in cloning two laboratory rats by the problematic technique of nuclear transfer. (microscopyu.com)

In addition to these basic issues concerning leukemia pathogenesis, we are devising new diagnostic procedures for detecting and monitoring leukemia patients based on molecular genetic abnormalities in the malignant cells. (stanford.edu)
A slight hypervascularization that is suggestive of malignant transformation is seldom seen. (medscape.com)

This, together with its vegetative propagation, which allows for stable transfer and multiplication of transgenes, make sugarcane a good candidate for crop improvement through genetic engineering. (frontiersin.org)
Dr. Wang's research program at Iowa State University continues to focus on developing novel genetic transformation technologies for crop improvement. (sivb.org)

2. An assortment of molecular markers are being used for genotype identification and for the development of genetic linkage maps in Vitis . (cornell.edu)

This phase is characterized by the development of methods for biological design of plant varieties, including transformation and gene editing techniques directed toward causal loci. (springer.com)

Typically, when we consider genetic transfer, we think of vertical gene transfer, the transmission of genetic information from generation to generation. (pressbooks.pub)
Vertical gene transfer is by far the main mode of transmission of genetic information in all cells. (pressbooks.pub)

Mobile genetic strain isolated in Laos (strain 00LA1) pendent emerging of SXTLAOS. (cdc.gov)

As usual, advances in genetic engineering and other powerful technologies are cast in the media primarily in terms of curing diseases, etc. (lifeissues.net)
Hopefully some genetic-based diseases can be "cured" using such genetic engineering technologies. (lifeissues.net)
I also discovered that there was often a strong genetic component in these diseases. (bridges4kids.org)
A catalog of genetic tests and reviews of many genetic diseases with diagnostic strategies and recommendations for risk counseling are available from the Genetic Testing Registry . (msdmanuals.com)

Our research focuses on developmental pathways that regulate hematopoietic cell growth and differentiation and are disrupted in the course of neoplastic transformation, particularly in leukemias and lymphomas. (stanford.edu)

Genetic variation is important because when conditions change (food becomes scarce, environment changes), some individuals in a population will be more likely to have variations that will allow them to survive. (utah.edu)
What are three ways sexual reproduction introduces genetic variation into offspring? (pressbooks.pub)

However, genetic transformation of sugarcane is a very laborious process, which relies heavily on intensive and sophisticated tissue culture and plant generation procedures that must be optimized for each new genotype to be transformed. (frontiersin.org)
1. We have demonstrated that biolistic bombardment using embryogenic Vitis cultures is an effective process for genetic transformation. (cornell.edu)
Second, the same genetic engineering process can be used with germ line cells of the patient as the specific target. (lifeissues.net)
The flow of genetic information in cells is that DNA is first transcribed into RNA through a process called transcription. (proprofs.com)

Practical sessions provide experience in the use of tissue culture and transformation techniques in the study of Plant Development and Biotechnology. (bath.ac.uk)

Because the term transformation had another sense in animal cell biology (a genetic change allowing long-term propagation in culture, or acquisition of properties typical of cancer cells), the term transfection acquired, for animal cells, its present meaning of a change in cell properties caused by introduction of nucleic acids by non-viral methods. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
However, in the absence of homologous sequences in the recipient cells the transformation dropped by at least about 108 fold in P. stutzeri and 109 fold in Acinetobacter, below the detection limit. (gmwatch.org)
The flow of genetic information in cells is which of the following? (proprofs.com)

Genetic transformation has the potential to improve economically important properties in sugarcane as well as diversify sugarcane beyond traditional applications, such as sucrose production. (frontiersin.org)
As cloning techniques are perfected, rats likely will become an important subject of genetic research. (microscopyu.com)

Polymerase chain reaction and Southern blot analysis revealed stable integration of transferred DNA. (eurekamag.com)

In the past, plant breeding has undergone three major transformations and is currently transitioning to a new technological phase, Breeding 4. (springer.com)
Plant biotechnology has great potential to continue to provide a means for the genetic improvement of crops. (usda.gov)
Dr. Wang was then appointed as the Director of the newly founded Plant Transformation Facility in the Department of Agronomy at Iowa State University. (sivb.org)
The Plant Transformation Facility at Iowa State rose to national prominence due to their innovative research program for transforming corn and soybean. (sivb.org)
Dr. Wang has made and continues to make significant contributions in plant biotechnology, and she is considered a world leader in plant genetic transformation. (sivb.org)
As the Director of the Plant Transformation Facility at Iowa State University, she has made major contributions to the plant science community. (sivb.org)
The Plant Transformation Facility was recognized as a world leader in transformation of corn and soybeans and this facility served over 200 research groups from 125 institutions and 17 countries. (sivb.org)
Her patent on soybean transformation and regeneration using half plant explants (US Patent #7,473,822, January 6, 2009) is highly cited by those working in plant transformation. (sivb.org)

In the early tvventieth century it was thought that proteins might carry genetic information. (proprofs.com)
This difference in complexity led scientists to speculate that proteins, with their larger variety of building blocks, might be better suited to carry genetic information. (proprofs.com)

Transformation efficiency is tested by using the pCAMBIA1391z control DNA supplied with the kit and using the protocol given below. (goldbio.com)

The genetic complexity and low fertility of sugarcane under natural growing conditions make traditional breeding improvement extremely laborious, costly and time-consuming. (frontiersin.org)
The objective of this review is to summarize current techniques and state of the art in sugarcane transformation and provide information on existing and future sugarcane improvement by genetic engineering. (frontiersin.org)
The genetic improvement of crops is one of the most effective ways to increase their productivity in agriculture. (usda.gov)

Anatomy24

Organisms31

Diseases5

Chemicals and Drugs61

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment53

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes87

Disciplines and Occupations2

Technology, Industry, Agriculture2

Information Science8

Health Care4

Genes17

Transduction1

Agrobacterium3

Bacteria16

Conjugation5

Genome7

Plasmid4

Horizontal14

Transgenic plants2

Recombination1

Pursuing faster geneti1

Natural transformation4

Vectors1

Plasmids2

Eukaryotic1

Somatic3

Resistance5

Inheritance1

Bacterial2

Genotypes4

Chromosomes1

Protein2

Alteration1

Material5

Distinct3

Disorders1

Species1

Traits1

Modification3

Nuclear1

Malignant2

Crop2

Linkage1

Varieties1

Vertical gene transfer2

Strain1

Diseases4

Pathways1

Variation2

Process4

Tissue culture1

Cells3

Important2

Stable1

Plant8

Proteins2

Efficiency1

Improvement3