• GmNAC11 is a transcriptional activator, whereas GmNAC20 is a mild transcriptional repressor. (frontiersin.org)
  • Researchers speculate that atrophin 1 may act as a transcriptional co-repressor. (medlineplus.gov)
  • A transcriptional co-repressor is a protein that interacts with other DNA-binding proteins to suppress the activity of certain genes, although it cannot attach (bind) to DNA by itself. (medlineplus.gov)
  • TDP-43 is a transcriptional repressor DNA binding protein and represses HIV-1 transcription. (delveinsight.com)
  • We report that chick Dach1 interacts with the Smad complex and the corepressor mouse Sin3a, thereby acting as a repressor of BMP-mediated transcriptional control. (biologists.com)
  • The motif is very similar in sequence and structure in a wide range of DNA-binding proteins (e.g., cro and repressor proteins, homeotic proteins, etc. (embl.de)
  • One of the principal differences between HTH motifs in these different proteins arises from the stereo-chemical requirement for glycine in the turn which is needed to avoid steric interference of the beta-carbon with the main chain: for cro and repressor proteins the glycine appears to be mandatory, while for many of the homeotic and other DNA-binding proteins the requirement is relaxed. (embl.de)
  • The N-terminal domain makes extensive DNA contacts, using a novel beta turn motif that binds in the minor groove and a helix-turn-helix unit with a docking arrangement surprisingly similar to that of the lambda repressor. (embl.de)
  • In differentiating neuroblastoma cells, HASH-1 is down-regulated, and there is coincident up-regulation of the transcriptional repressor HES-1, which is known to bind the HASH-1 promoter. (lu.se)
  • As a largest plant-specific transcription factor family, NAC domain proteins play an important role in plant development and regulation of abiotic stress tolerance. (frontiersin.org)
  • PTEN encodes a protein kinase of the same name and functions as a tumor suppressor through regulation of cell proliferation. (medscape.com)
  • The involvement of viral DNA-binding proteins in the regulation of virulence genes, transcription, DNA replication, and repair make them significant targets. (mdpi.com)
  • System-wide detection of protein-small molecule complexes suggests extensive metabolite regulation in plants. (mpg.de)
  • Transcriptional regulation information for a gene, including any predicted DNA binding site motifs ( YeTFaSCo ) for the gene's protein product, as well as any of its targets (genes it regulates) or regulators (genes that regulate it), based on experimental evidence. (yeastgenome.org)
  • Sso10a is a member of a group of DNA-binding proteins thought to be important in chromatin structure and regulation in the hyperthermophilic archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus. (rcsb.org)
  • The Developmental Genetics Research Group studies epigenetic regulation of organ development and stem cell functions, mediated by Polycomb group (PcG) proteins and DNA methylation (5mC) mechanisms. (riken.jp)
  • Mapping transcriptional regulation of biofilm-related genes promoters in Pseudomonas. (usp.br)
  • In this sense, we aim to characterize the behaviour of different promoters of genes involved in biofilm regulation under different conditions and to search for possible new DNAbinding proteins associated with their promoter regions. (usp.br)
  • With the appropriate analysis methods, ChIP-seq can be a valuable approach for elucidating transcription factor binding and cis -level regulation. (ucsc.edu)
  • Homeodomain proteins play key roles in development and gene regulation in eukaryotes. (embl.de)
  • In this study, during the B. cinerea tomato interaction the regulation of Sl-WRKY1 which encoding a putative member of the WRKY DNA-binding protein family and act as transcriptional activators co-regulated with PR-proteins expression was investigated in resistance and susceptible tomato cultivars. (scialert.net)
  • DNA methylation is an important form of epigenetic regulation in both normal development and cancer. (bvsalud.org)
  • The ability of Id proteins to affect HES-1 activity is of particular interest in neuronal cells, where regulation of HES-1 is essential for the timing of neuronal differentiation. (lu.se)
  • Although the current generation of dCas9-based transcription activators is able to achieve up-regulation of some endogenous loci, the magnitude of transcriptional up-regulation achieved by individual single-guide RNAs (sgRNAs) 12 typically ranges from low to ineffective 8 - 11 . (cdc.gov)
  • Transcriptional regulation of aquaporins in accessions of Arabidopsis in response to drought stress. (lu.se)
  • Genetic Regulation of DNA Methylation Yields Novel Discoveries in GWAS of Colorectal Cancer. (who.int)
  • These proteins organize the DNA into a compact structure called chromatin. (wikipedia.org)
  • Other non-specific DNA-binding proteins in chromatin include the high-mobility group (HMG) proteins, which bind to bent or distorted DNA. (wikipedia.org)
  • In contrast, analysis of the chromatin structure around the E2 binding-site(s) showed that a pronounced change in chromatin structure occurs under conditions in which E2 dimers activate transcription synergistically. (pasteur.fr)
  • Multi-scale modeling of macro-complexes, such as transcriptional complexes, nucleosome or chromatin. (bsc.es)
  • Here, we characterize the dynamic relationship of chromatin accessibility, gene expression and DNA-binding of two MADS-domain proteins during Arabidopsis flower development. (nih.gov)
  • The developmental dynamics of DNA-binding of APETALA1 and SEPALLATA3 is largely independent of chromatin accessibility, and our findings suggest that AP1 acts as 'pioneer factor' that modulates chromatin accessibility, thereby facilitating access of other transcriptional regulators to their target genes. (nih.gov)
  • B1 SINE-binding ZFP266 impedes reprogramming through suppression of chromatin opening by pioneering factors. (axonmedchem.com)
  • Also includes co-dependent association of proteins with promoter DNA in chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments. (thebiogrid.org)
  • Both genes are highly conserved, and their proteins are thought to have 2 functions: (1) formation of a bridge or scaffold between the DNA-binding transcription factors and the RNA polymerase II complex and (2) serving as histone acetyltransferases that open the chromatin structure, a process essential for gene expression. (medscape.com)
  • The STAT proteins (Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription), were identified in the last decade as transcription factors which were critical in mediating virtually all cytokine driven signaling. (nih.gov)
  • Phosphorylated STATs form homo- or hetero-dimers, enter the nucleus and working coordinately with other transcriptional co-activators or transcription factors lead to increased transcriptional initiation. (nih.gov)
  • For example, some proteins activate transcription by recruiting RNA polymerase, some repress transcription by suppressing this recruitment, and others insulate proximal regions from the activity of nearby transcriptional activators or repressors. (ucsc.edu)
  • This gene encodes a member of the trithorax group of transcriptional activators. (cancerindex.org)
  • CBP and EP300 are ubiquitously expressed homologous proteins that act as transcriptional co-activators. (medscape.com)
  • The multifunctional regulator nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) is considered not only as a cytoprotective factor regulating the expression of genes coding for anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and detoxifying proteins, but it is also a powerful modulator of species longevity. (springer.com)
  • These targets were identified based on the presence of predicted regulator binding sites or experimental regulator binding in the target promoter, and/or changes in the target gene's transcript levels in regulator mutant strains. (yeastgenome.org)
  • Probable transcriptional regulator protein that binds to DNA as dimer and tetramer, but not as a monomer. (lu.se)
  • Within chromosomes, DNA is held in complexes with structural proteins. (wikipedia.org)
  • We have also made available our software through different web servers, such as pyDockWeb for protein-protein docking, pyDockSAXS for the structural prediction of protein complexes using Small-Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS) data in collaboration with Pau Bernadó (CBS, Montpellier), or OPRA for the identification of RNA-binding residues in proteins. (bsc.es)
  • More efficient identification of correct docking poses, especially in difficult cases such as weak interactions, multi-protein complexes or membrane proteins. (bsc.es)
  • In gel shift assays this antibody supershifts complexes of Fli-1 and DNA probe. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • The recent structural determinations and biochemical analysis of several multimeric complexes have provided a better understanding of how protein interactions influence the DNA-binding activity of homeodomain proteins. (embl.de)
  • However, removing RbmA led to visually similar biofilms, despite the absence of the cross-linked protein complexes. (elifesciences.org)
  • The p16INK4A protein is a cell-cycle inhibitor that acts by inhibiting activated cyclin D:CDK4/6 complexes, which play a crucial role in the control of the cell cycle by phosphorylating Rb protein. (medscape.com)
  • A novel protein call AnkA in A. phagocytophilum is translocated from the bacterium within a host vacuole into the host nucleus, where it forms complexes with heterochromatin and is largely responsible for many host transcriptional changes by directly binding to regulatory regions of the DNA. (cdc.gov)
  • It is assumed that the Id helix-loop-helix (HLH) proteins act by associating with ubiquitously expressed basic HLH (bHLH) transcription factors, such as E47 and E2-2, which prevents these factors from forming functional hetero- or homodimeric DNA binding complexes. (lu.se)
  • We use these engineered Cas9 activation complexes to investigate sgRNA targeting rules for effective transcriptional activation, demonstrate multiplexed activation of 10 genes simultaneously, and upregulate long intergenic non-coding RNA (lincRNA) transcripts. (cdc.gov)
  • Structural proteins that bind DNA are well-understood examples of non-specific DNA-protein interactions. (wikipedia.org)
  • These non-specific interactions are formed through basic residues in the histones making ionic bonds to the acidic sugar-phosphate backbone of the DNA, and are therefore largely independent of the base sequence. (wikipedia.org)
  • The specificity of these transcription factors' interactions with DNA come from the proteins making multiple contacts to the edges of the DNA bases, allowing them to read the DNA sequence. (wikipedia.org)
  • Protein-DNA interactions occur when a protein binds a molecule of DNA, often to regulate the biological function of DNA, usually the expression of a gene. (wikipedia.org)
  • Global mapping of protein-metabolite interactions in Saccharomyces cerevisiae reveals that Ser-Leu dipeptide regulates phosphoglycerate kinase activity. (mpg.de)
  • PROMIS, global analysis of PROtein-metabolite interactions using size separation in Arabidopsis thaliana. (mpg.de)
  • Hydrophobicity was one of the most important physicochemical properties, due to the fact that it is involved in protein interactions, for example, by forming hydrophobic cores. (hindawi.com)
  • The main focus of our research is the development and optimization for High-Performing-Computing (HPC) of computational methodology for the structural and energetic characterization of protein interactions at molecular level. (bsc.es)
  • We aim to develop and optimize computational algorithms for characterizing and understanding protein-protein interactions, which remains one of the most important challenges in Structural Biology. (bsc.es)
  • Possible DNA-binding interactions are discussed on the basis of comparisons to other winged helix proteins. (rcsb.org)
  • This generally yields a large library of DNA sequences, including some that were bound by the transcription factor directly, some that were bound indirectly via interactions with other molecules, and some false positives (such as cases of nonspecific binding). (ucsc.edu)
  • The second helix binds to DNA via a number of hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions, which occur between specific side chains and the exposed bases and thymine methyl groups within the major groove of the DNA. (embl.de)
  • Protein interactions of homeodomain proteins. (embl.de)
  • Studying interactions, we noted that all four Id proteins could dimerize with E47 or E2-2, but not with HASH-1 or dHAND. (lu.se)
  • Alternatively, transcription factors can bind enzymes that modify the histones at the promoter. (wikipedia.org)
  • The papillomavirus E2 protein only activates transcription strongly when two or more of its binding-sites, each of which bind an E2 dimer, are present upstream of a minimal promoter. (pasteur.fr)
  • A.D. Friedman, W.H. Landschulz, S.L. McKnight, "CCAAT/enhancer binding protein activates the promoter of the serum albumin gene in cultured hepatoma cells," Genes & Development, 3: 1314-22, 1989. (the-scientist.com)
  • The strong transforming activity of the EWS-Fli-1 fusion protein may in part be due to its ability to trans-activate the promoter for c-myc. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Tiling a given promoter region with several sgRNAs can produce more robust transcriptional activation 9 - 11 , but this requirement presents enormous challenges for scalability, and in particular for establishing pooled, genome-wide GOF screens. (cdc.gov)
  • Among the established custom DNA binding domains, Cas9 is most easily scaled to facilitate genome-scale perturbations 3 , 4 due to its simplicity of programming relative to zinc finger proteins and transcription activator-like effectors (TALEs). (cdc.gov)
  • Computational methods to identify the DNA binding sequence specificity have been proposed to make a good use of the abundant sequence data in the post-genomic era. (wikipedia.org)
  • In an attempt to understand the molecular basis of this synergy we carried out genomic footprinting to monitor the binding in vivo of native or mutant E2 proteins to different templates in yeast. (pasteur.fr)
  • Download DNA or protein sequence, view genomic context and coordinates. (yeastgenome.org)
  • The structure of Sso10a provides insight into the structures of the conserved domain represented by COG3432, a group of more than 20 hypothetical transcriptional regulators coded in the genomic sequences of both crenarchaeota and euryarchaeota. (rcsb.org)
  • Extractions of genomic DNA were made from the dental root after exposure to high temperatures (600ºC, 800ºC and 1000ºC), during 10, 30 and 60 minutes. (bvsalud.org)
  • We describe structure-guided engineering of a CRISPR-Cas9 complex to mediate efficient transcriptional activation at endogenous genomic loci. (cdc.gov)
  • Transcriptional Control of Regulatory T Cells in Cancer: Toward Therapeutic Targeting? (mdpi.com)
  • This table lists putative transcriptional regulatory targets for the central gene represented on this page. (yeastgenome.org)
  • Transcription is regulated through the binding of transcription factor proteins to specific cis -level regulatory sites in the DNA. (ucsc.edu)
  • As methylation status always changes along with carcinogenesis or neurogenesis, MBD1 with its interacting partners, including proteins and non-coding RNAs, participates in normal or pathological processes and functions in different regulatory systems. (bvsalud.org)
  • DNA-binding proteins are proteins that have DNA-binding domains and thus have a specific or general affinity for single- or double-stranded DNA. (wikipedia.org)
  • When conducting DNA-affinity chromatography pulldown for the upstream regions of retS and rsmA in LB media, we found pqsC and pqsH binding to the upstream region of retS and mvaT binding to the upstream region of rsmA. (usp.br)
  • An interaction is inferred when a bait protein is affinity captured from cell extracts by either polyclonal antibody or epitope tag and associated RNA species identified by Northern blot, RT-PCR, affinity labeling, sequencing, or microarray analysis. (thebiogrid.org)
  • An interaction is inferred when a bait protein is affinity captured from cell extracts by either polyclonal antibody or epitope tag and the associated interaction partner identified by Western blot with a specific polyclonal antibody or second epitope tag. (thebiogrid.org)
  • Note that this differs from any co-purification experiment involving affinity capture in that the co-purification experiment involves at least one extra purification step to get rid of potential contaminating proteins. (thebiogrid.org)
  • Tissue culture supernatant is purified by either protein A/G or affinity purification methods. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • The CXXC3 domain of MBD1 makes it a unique member of the MBD family due to its affinity to unmethylated DNA. (bvsalud.org)
  • The identification of novel, high affinity AQP9 inhibitors in an intracellular binding site. (lu.se)
  • Affinity tags can reduce merohedral twinning of membrane protein crystals. (lu.se)
  • In contrast, other proteins have evolved to bind to specific DNA sequences. (wikipedia.org)
  • Each transcription factor binds to one specific set of DNA sequences and activates or inhibits the transcription of genes that have these sequences near their promoters. (wikipedia.org)
  • Protein design methods use trial and error or more sophisticated methods like directed evolution or inverse folding to generate novel scaffolds or to find novel protein sequences folding into a defined scaffold, respectively. (hindawi.com)
  • Given the intimate relationship between a protein's structure and function, a way to design proteins with targeted properties is to start from a desired structure and find sequences able to fold into it, imposing additional constraints in the process [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • During mRNA elongation, Pol II can encounter DNA sequences that cause reverse movement of the enzyme. (embl.de)
  • The importance of STAT activation to growth control in experiments using anti-sense molecules or dominant negative STAT protein encoding constructs performed in cell lines or studies in animals lacking specific STATs strongly indicate that STATs play an important role in controlling cell cycle progression and apoptosis. (nih.gov)
  • Binding occurs at each site independently of the number of sites and even in the absence of the activation domain. (pasteur.fr)
  • A Trihelix DNA Binding Protein Counterbalances Hypoxia-Responsive Transcriptional Activation in Arabidopsis. (mpg.de)
  • DOK5 enhances c-Ret-dependent activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Activation of Endogenous Retroviruses in Dnmt1 -/- ESCs Involves Disruption of SETDB1-Mediated Repression by NP95 Binding to Hemimethylated DNA. (riken.jp)
  • Bait protein expressed as a DNA binding domain (DBD) fusion and prey expressed as a transcriptional activation domain (TAD) fusion and interaction measured by reporter gene activation. (thebiogrid.org)
  • Bailly RA, Bosselut R, Zucman J. DNA-binding and transcriptional activation properties of the EWS-FLI-1 fusion protein resulting from the t(11;22) translocation in Ewing sarcoma. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • There appear to be three distinct functions: dimerization (with c-fos), DNA-binding, and transcriptional activation. (bvsalud.org)
  • Cas9 nuclease can be converted into an RNA-guided DNA binding protein (dCas9) via inactivation of its two catalytic domains 12 , 13 and then fused to transcription activation domains. (cdc.gov)
  • This protein is one of the two subunits of integration host factor, a specific DNA-binding protein that functions in genetic recombination as well as in transcriptional and translational control. (joplink.net)
  • DNA-binding proteins can incorporate such domains as the zinc finger, the helix-turn-helix, and the leucine zipper (among many others) that facilitate binding to nucleic acid. (wikipedia.org)
  • The domain binds DNA through a helix-turn-helix (HTH) structure. (embl.de)
  • This binding allows it to trigger methylation of H3K9 and results in transcriptional repression. (bvsalud.org)
  • Methylated CpGs, that are not bound by PcG proteins, are substrates of DNA methylation machinery. (riken.jp)
  • We previously discovered that DNA methylation is faithfully maintained by the combined role of DNMT1 and NP95/UHRF1. (riken.jp)
  • We are now elucidating novel molecules that function upstream of NP95-DNMT1, and couple DNA replication with maintenance methylation in mammalian cells. (riken.jp)
  • Methyl-CpG-binding domain protein 1 (MBD1) is highly related to DNA methylation. (bvsalud.org)
  • Blood cell DNA methylation biomarkers in preclinical malignant pleural mesothelioma: The EPIC prospective cohort. (who.int)
  • This locus, however, also encodes a protein from an alternative reading frame, designated p19ARF. (medscape.com)
  • The EP300 gene on band 22q13 encodes a protein, p300, that is highly similar to CREBBP. (medscape.com)
  • We have successfully combined two unrelated naturally occurring binding sites, the immunoglobin Fc-binding site of the Z domain and the DNA-binding motif of MyoD bHLH, into a novel stable protein. (hindawi.com)
  • Each DNA binding domain recognizes and interacts with DNA that matches a specific nucleotide pattern, or motif. (ucsc.edu)
  • These motifs tend to be short and degenerate, so even when the DNA binding motif is known, one cannot generally predict where a given transcription factor may bind. (ucsc.edu)
  • The protein contains four AT hooks, a SET domain, a PHD-finger motif, and a bromodomain. (cancerindex.org)
  • The HTH motif is characterised by two alpha-helices, which make intimate contacts with the DNA and are joined by a short turn. (embl.de)
  • Nucleic-acid-binding motif in transcriptional elongation factor TFIIS and RNA polymerases. (embl.de)
  • Mathematical descriptions of protein-DNA binding taking into account sequence-specificity, and competitive and cooperative binding of proteins of different types are usually performed with the help of the lattice models. (wikipedia.org)
  • The winged helix domains are at opposite ends of the extended coiled coil with two putative DNA-recognition helices separated by 55A and rotated by 83 degrees. (rcsb.org)
  • In addition, it can stimulate apoptosis of cells containing damaged DNA. (medscape.com)
  • The TP53 gene is also capable of stimulating apoptosis of cells containing damaged DNA. (medscape.com)
  • Thus, these proteins are often the targets of the signal transduction processes that control responses to environmental changes or cellular differentiation and development. (wikipedia.org)
  • Docking protein 5 (DOK5) is a member of the docking protein group of membrane proteins and is an adapter protein involved in signal transduction. (hindawi.com)
  • GCNA is a histone binding protein required for spermatogonial stem cell maintenance. (axonmedchem.com)
  • Among the proteins that bind to DNA are transcription factors that activate or repress gene expression by binding to DNA motifs and histones that form part of the structure of DNA and bind to it less specifically. (wikipedia.org)
  • Binding sites motifs as predicted by YeTFaSCo . (yeastgenome.org)
  • Zinc finger (Znf) domains are relatively small protein motifs which contain multiple finger-like protrusions that make tandem contacts with their target molecule. (embl.de)
  • They display considerable versatility in binding modes, even between members of the same class (e.g. some bind DNA, others protein), suggesting that Znf motifs are stable scaffolds that have evolved specialised functions. (embl.de)
  • Zinc-binding motifs are stable structures, and they rarely undergo conformational changes upon binding their target. (embl.de)
  • Purification and characterization of two protein kinases acting on the aquaporin SoPIP2;1. (lu.se)
  • We evaluated FOXP1 activity by an in vitro luciferase model and assessed protein stability in vitro by western blotting. (bmj.com)
  • An interaction is detected between purified proteins in vitro. (thebiogrid.org)
  • We showed that strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa with increased mutation rates (caused by deletion of genes involved in DNA mismatch repair) produced more biofilm biomass in laboratory experiments. (southampton.ac.uk)
  • We will discuss three key proteins that function as tumor suppressors implicated in the development of pediatric (and some adult) cancers: pRB, p53, and PTEN. (medscape.com)
  • Tumor suppressor genes encode proteins that normally provide negative control of cell proliferation. (medscape.com)
  • however, we also note significant DNA binding that cannot be linked directly with transcriptional control. (aiche.org)
  • We propose a model in which TFs act on a spectrum from specific local control of gene expression to widespread binding with little or no direct impact on proximal genes, and suggest that many prokaryotic TFs bind DNA prolifically yet still home to and directly regulate a limited number of targets. (aiche.org)
  • This work updates current concepts of prokaryotic transcriptional control and also should form the basis for iterative rounds of modeling, prediction and refinement in pursuit of badly needed new TB therapies. (aiche.org)
  • The extended CAG region changes the structure of atrophin 1 and how the protein interacts with other proteins to control gene function. (medlineplus.gov)
  • As control, naked DNA from wild-type inflorescences was used. (nih.gov)
  • Control of eukaryotic messenger RNA synthesis by sequence-specific DNA-binding proteins. (wikidata.org)
  • Participan en el control transcripcional relacionado con el crecimiento. (bvsalud.org)
  • They are involved in growth-related transcriptional control. (bvsalud.org)
  • Sequence-specific DNA-binding proteins generally interact with the major groove of B-DNA, because it exposes more functional groups that identify a base pair. (wikipedia.org)
  • In addition to histone acetylation, CBP also acetylates various transcription factors, including the tumor suppressor protein p53, to enhance sequence-specific DNA binding. (novusbio.com)
  • C ) An RbmA dimer can bind to several strands of VPS to create a stable mesh across the matrix. (elifesciences.org)
  • Protein and metabolite composition of Arabidopsis stress granules. (mpg.de)
  • The major characteristics of Nrf2 are to some extent mimicked by Nrf2-dependent genes and their proteins including heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), which besides removing toxic heme, produces biliverdin, iron ions and carbon monoxide. (springer.com)
  • The discovery of the antioxidant response element (ARE) have led to the conclusion that the battery of genes, including glutamate-cysteine ligase (GCL), thioredoxin reductase 1 (Txnrd1), NAD(P)H-quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) and heme oxygenase-1 (HMOX1) is regulated through Nrf2 binding to this consensus binding sequence [ 3 ]. (springer.com)
  • Nrf2 consists of six functional Neh domains (Neh1-Neh6), from which, the amino-terminal Neh2 domain controls binding Keap1-the inhibitor protein Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1, that is responsible for the cytosolic sequestration of Nrf2 under physiological conditions (Fig. 2 a). (springer.com)
  • 2004. Decline in transcriptional activity of Nrf2 causes age-related loss of glutathione synthesis, which is reversible with lipoic acid. . (oregonstate.edu)
  • RB1 encodes the protein pRB and was the first tumor suppressor gene to be molecularly defined. (medscape.com)
  • In addition, these alterations affect 3 principal categories of genes, as follows: proto-oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, and DNA repair genes. (medscape.com)
  • [ 1 ] His prediction was subsequently supported by the cloning of the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor gene ( RB1 ) and by functional studies of the retinoblastoma protein, Rb. (medscape.com)
  • Like Rb protein, many of the proteins encoded by tumor suppressor genes act at specific points in the cell cycle. (medscape.com)
  • We found that the three Id proteins expressed in neuroblastoma cells (Id1, Id2, and Id3) were down-regulated during induced differentiation, indicating that Id proteins help keep the tumor cells in an undifferentiated state. (lu.se)
  • Background Mutations in forkhead box protein P1 ( FOXP1 ) cause intellectual disability (ID) and specific language impairment (SLI), with or without autistic features (MIM: 613670). (bmj.com)
  • Scope includes mutations and abnormal protein expression. (cancerindex.org)
  • Crystal structure of a paired domain-DNA complex at 2.5 A resolution reveals structural basis for Pax developmental mutations. (embl.de)
  • The first described CID systems involve microbe-derived dimerizing ligands, such as rapamycin, that direct protein neo-associations that rewire eukaryotic cell signaling 5 . (nature.com)
  • DNA-binding proteins include transcription factors which modulate the process of transcription, various polymerases, nucleases which cleave DNA molecules, and histones which are involved in chromosome packaging and transcription in the cell nucleus. (wikipedia.org)
  • The CmNAC1-GFP fusion protein was transiently expressed in tobacco leaves for subcellular localization analysis, and we found that CmNAC1 is localized in the nucleus. (frontiersin.org)
  • However, analogous proteins may have structural homology although this is not a prerequisite. (hindawi.com)
  • Past structural studies have focused on the binding of monomeric homeodomains to DNA, but two recent structures have revealed how homeodomains bind DNA as multimers. (embl.de)
  • The studies were performed at the structural level (DNA level) and functional level (RNA level). (scialert.net)
  • Several tissue-specific bHLH proteins, including HASH-1, dHAND, and HES-1, are important for development of the nervous system. (lu.se)
  • For example, the TP53 gene, located on chromosome 17, encodes a 53-kd nuclear protein that functions as a cell cycle checkpoint. (medscape.com)
  • Its MBD domain recognizes and binds to methylated CpGs. (bvsalud.org)
  • One of the methods that have been proposed is a multiobjective optimization, in which protein stability and catalytic activity are simultaneously optimized [ 4 , 5 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Several methods have been proposed to design novel stable proteins, such as multi-objective optimization, in which protein stability and catalytic activity are simultaneously optimized. (hindawi.com)
  • Different strategies to target hypoxic cancer cells and/or HIFs include hypoxia-activated prodrugs and inhibition of HIF dimerization, mRNA or protein expression, DNA binding capacity, and transcriptional activity. (lu.se)
  • The resulting fusion protein has the DNA binding activity of Fli-1 and, with the EWS domain, it is also a more potent transcriptional activator than Fli-1 itself. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • MDM2 binds to and inhibits TP53 activity. (medscape.com)
  • However, the Id proteins did complex with HES-1, and increased levels of Id2 reduced the DNA binding activity of HES-1. (lu.se)
  • The ATN1 gene variants that cause CHEDDA syndrome occur in one of the two copies of the gene in each cell and lead to a change in single protein building blocks (amino acids) in atrophin 1. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The 95 amino acid residue protein contains a winged helix DNA-binding domain with an extended C-terminal alpha-helix that leads to dimerization by forming a two-stranded, antiparallel coiled-coil rod. (rcsb.org)
  • Like other ets-related proteins it binds to consensus sites in DNA through a 85 amino acid ets domain in the carboxyl region of the protein. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Their binding properties depend on the amino acid sequence of the finger domains and of the linker between fingers, as well as on the higher-order structures and the number of fingers. (embl.de)
  • TFIIS is a protein of about 300 amino acids. (embl.de)
  • These DNA targets can occur throughout an organism's genome. (wikipedia.org)
  • The structures of the Drosophila Paired homodimer and the yeast a1/alpha2 heterodimer bound to DNA, along with a high-resolution study of a Drosophila eve-DNA complex, have deepened our understanding of how homeodomains locate their DNA targets. (embl.de)
  • The histones form a disk-shaped complex called a nucleosome, which contains two complete turns of double-stranded DNA wrapped around its surface. (wikipedia.org)
  • VH is derived from a single protein domain of 35 residues [ 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Among others, we have developed software for prediction of protein-protein complex structure by docking simulations, identification of binding sites on protein surfaces, or prediction of hot-spot residues from energy calculations. (bsc.es)
  • In addition, NAC domain proteins have become a popular research topic for different plant species. (frontiersin.org)
  • This study reports the function of CmNAC1, a stress-responsive pumpkin NAC domain protein. (frontiersin.org)
  • Although the exact function of this protein is unknown, it appears to play an important role in nerve cells (neurons) in many areas of the brain. (medlineplus.gov)
  • As a result, the protein is altered and cannot function normally, though it is unclear how these changes lead to the specific features of CHEDDA syndrome. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Collection of domains associated with the protein based on various sources, including the protein coordinates for the domain, a domain Description, a Source and corresponding accession ID, and the number of S. cerevisiae genes that share the same domain. (yeastgenome.org)
  • We showed that PcG proteins bind unmethylated CpG dinucleotides via the CxxC domain of KDM2B, which is a component of the non-canonical polycomb repressive complex 1 (ncPRC1). (riken.jp)
  • A key characteristic of each transcription factor protein is its DNA binding domain. (ucsc.edu)
  • Fission yeast Rng3p: an UCS-domain protein that mediates myosin II assembly during cytokinesis. (thebiogrid.org)
  • This translocation brings the 5' region of the EWS gene into conjunction with the 3' region of the Fli-1 gene encoding the ets-DNA binding domain. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Clone G146-254 was raised against a bacterially expressed Fli-1 ets domain fusion protein. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Taxonomic distribution of proteins containing HOX domain. (embl.de)
  • The complete taxonomic breakdown of all proteins with HOX domain is also avaliable . (embl.de)
  • Click on the protein counts, or double click on taxonomic names to display all proteins containing HOX domain in the selected taxonomic class. (embl.de)
  • The 2.5 A resolution structure of a cocrystal containing the paired domain from the Drosophila paired (prd) protein and a 15 bp site shows structurally independent N-terminal and C-terminal subdomains. (embl.de)
  • Some viral proteins also contain the TFIIS zinc ribbon C-terminal domain. (embl.de)
  • Taxonomic distribution of proteins containing ZnF_C2C2 domain. (embl.de)
  • Inactivation of TCF7L2 protein attained by removing the high-mobility group (HMG)-box DNA binding domain in mature adipocytes in vivo leads to whole-body glucose intolerance and hepatic insulin resistance. (medscape.com)
  • This altered protein accumulates in neurons and interferes with normal cell functions. (medlineplus.gov)