Transcription pathways cell proliferation. Medical search. Frequent questions

This increase of calcium then induces Protein Kinase C (PKC) which can alter keratinocyte transcription and further contribute to differentiation of the epidermis. (wikipedia.org)
Gene expression must be appropriately maintained to regulate development, differentiation, and proliferation of cells. (intechopen.com)
The Notch signaling pathway plays a key role in the proliferation and differentiation of many tissues. (molvis.org)
Comparing these transcriptional responses provides a greater understanding of the mechanisms cells use in the differentiation between types of DNA damage and the potential consequences of different sources of damage. (biomedcentral.com)
mTOR is a key modulator of protein synthesis and thus blocks the activation of cell autophagy and promotes cell proliferation, growth, and differentiation. (wikipathways.org)
Krüppel-like factors can bind to specific DNA motifs and regulate various cellular functions, such as metabolism, cell proliferation, and differentiation. (medsci.org)
KLFs regulate a wide range of cellular functions, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, and neoplastic transformation, by binding to GC-rich promoter regions [ 1 , 2 ]. (medsci.org)
The Ets family of transcription factors includes nuclear phosphoproteins that are involved in cell proliferation, differentiation and oncogenic transformation. (embl.de)
MAPK3 plays a crucial role in regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival by phosphorylating downstream targets such as transcription factors and other kinases. (creativebiomart.net)
MAPK3 also phosphorylates other kinases, such as p90RSK, which further propagate the signal to regulate cellular processes like cell cycle progression, apoptosis, and differentiation. (creativebiomart.net)
We study the development of blood cells and the emergence of leukemia by focusing on the molecular genetics of self-renewal and its connection to differentiation into functional cells of the innate immune system, like macrophages, granulocytes, and dendritic cells. (mdc-berlin.de)
Dysregulation of these master switches may affect differentiation, which can lead to "confused" cells as the potential progenitors of leukemia. (mdc-berlin.de)
Both C/EBPs command and control molecular programs of proliferation and differentiation into innate immune cells , including various types of myeloid cells. (mdc-berlin.de)
We apply targeted mouse genetics in combination with experimental hematopoiesis, genetic engineering of hematopoietic cells, human iPSC hematopoietic differentiation, proteomics and biochemistry. (mdc-berlin.de)
Hematopoietic transcription factors (= gene regulatory proteins) concertedly control cell proliferation, lineage commitment, and cell differentiation. (mdc-berlin.de)
These molecular defects interfere with lymphocyte development and function, blocking the differentiation and proliferation of T cells and, in some types, of B cells and NK cells. (medscape.com)
YT modulate processes such as proliferation, differentiation, and organ size and are regulated by the Hippo pathway. (lu.se)

Sunburned cells are those which have initiated apoptosis. (wikipedia.org)
Some lncRNAs affect the growth and development of breast cancer by regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis, and others are involved in invasion and metastasis and drug resistance of breast cancer [ 6 ]. (jcancer.org)
In other situations the response is cell cycle arrest or programmed cell death (apoptosis), providing a barrier to further tumour development that the tumour may ultimately circumvent through the acquisition of a mutation in one of the genes within the stress-response pathway. (southampton.ac.uk)
They are involved in a range of cellular processes, depending upon the transcriptional repressor that recruits them to DNA, and they suppress the transcription of genes that cause apoptosis (reviewed in Bergman et al, 2006a). (southampton.ac.uk)
The ability of the host to trigger apoptosis in infected cells is perhaps the most powerful tool by which viruses can be cleared from the host organism. (mdpi.com)
To avoid elimination by this mechanism, human papillomaviruses (HPV) have developed several mechanisms that enable the cells they infect to elude both extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis. (mdpi.com)
In this manuscript, we review the current literature regarding how HPV-infected cells avoid apoptosis and the molecular mechanisms involved in these events. (mdpi.com)
Many of the current efforts regarding anti-cancer drug development are focused on directing tumor cells to undergo apoptosis. (mdpi.com)
Our simulations show that, if HMGB1 is overexpressed, then the oncoproteins CyclinD/E, which regulate cell proliferation, are overexpressed, while tumor suppressor proteins that regulate cell apoptosis (programmed cell death), such as p53, are repressed. (biomedcentral.com)
Moreover, the models also predict that mutations of RAS, ARF and P21 in the context of HMGB1 signaling can influence the cancer cell's fate - apoptosis or survival - through the crosstalk of different pathways. (biomedcentral.com)
The HMGB1 signal transduction can influence the cell's fate by two important processes - apoptosis and cell proliferation - which are regulated respectively by the proteins p53 and CyclinE, acting in two different signaling pathways. (biomedcentral.com)
The protein p53 is one of the most important tumor suppressor proteins: its activation can lead to cell cycle arrest, DNA repair, or apoptosis. (biomedcentral.com)
Which signaling pathways are fundamental for describing HMGB1 signal transduction, and what mechanisms are responsible to explain recent results linking overexpression of HMGB1 with decrease of apoptosis (and increased cancer cell survival)? (biomedcentral.com)
The present study investigated the effects of GSK2606414 on proliferation, apoptosis, and the expression of activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), CCAAT/enhancer‑binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells under endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. (spandidos-publications.com)
GSK2606414 treatment inhibited RPE cell proliferation in a dose‑dependent manner, however it did not induce apoptosis. (spandidos-publications.com)
ATF4 induces expression of the proapoptotic transcription factor CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP), which mediates PERK-induced apoptosis ( 16 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Disruption of PERK activity has been demonstrated to reduce hydroquinone-induced apoptosis and hypoxia-induced VEGF expression in human RPE cells in vitro ( 5 , 21 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Coconut oil also stimulated Akt protein enzyme pathways, which play a key role in multiple cellular processes such as glucose metabolism, apoptosis, cell proliferation, transcription and cell migration. (coconutoil.com)
Although KLF6 overexpression in human cancer cells inhibits cell proliferation, induces apoptosis, and attenuates cell migration, the effects of KLF6 on oral cancer remains poorly elucidated. (medsci.org)
however, forced KLF6 expression in lung cancer cell lines can trigger cells to undergo apoptosis and reduce colony formation ability [ 6 ]. (medsci.org)
STAT1 is known to regulate several genes which are involved in cell growth, apoptosis, immune responses, and lipid metabolism. (thermofisher.com)
p53 is a transcription factor that participates in cell cycle checkpoint processes and apoptosis. (lu.se)

The Yap-Hippo pathway has a significant role in regulating cell proliferation and growth, thus controlling organ size and regeneration. (selectbiosciences.com)

Downregulation of Herg1 suppresses osteosarcoma proliferation and invasion by targeting Hippo signaling pathway]. (cancerindex.org)
We herein demonstrated that CADM1 interacts with Hippo pathway core kinases and enhances the phosphorylation of YAP1, and also that the membranous co-expression of CADM1 and LATS2 predicts a favorable prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma. (cancerindex.org)
Additionally, our studies revealed that GPER stimulation activates yes-associated protein 1 (YAP) and transcriptional coactivator with a PDZ-binding domain (TAZ), 2 homologous transcription coactivators and key effectors of the Hippo tumor suppressor pathway, via the Gαq-11, PLCβ/PKC, and Rho/ROCK signaling pathways. (jci.org)
Together, our results suggest that the Hippo/YAP/TAZ pathway is a key downstream signaling branch of GPER and plays a critical role in breast tumorigenesis. (jci.org)
The Hippo pathway regulates two highly conserved, transcription co-activators YAP and TAZ. (selectbiosciences.com)
The upstream regulators of the Yap-Hippo pathway have not been fully characterized. (selectbiosciences.com)
Recently we reported on an siRNA screen, in a liver biliary cell line, to identify regulators of the Yap-Hippo pathway that allow activation of the YAP transcription co-activator at high cell density. (selectbiosciences.com)
The DEmRNAs were mainly enriched in tumorigenesis‑associated GO terms (angiogenesis, positive regulation of cell proliferation, positive regulation of fibroblast apoptotic processes and regulation of neutrophil migration) and pathways (Hippo signaling pathway, cancer pathways, and Wnt signaling pathway). (spandidos-publications.com)
The KEGG and GO analyses indicated 'Human T − cell leukemia virus 1 infection' and 'Hippo signaling pathway' were the main affected biological processes. (researchsquare.com)
We further found the Hippo pathway to be dysregulated in the fibrotic lung epithelium which led to increases in nuclear YT as well as known downstream targets. (lu.se)

16 Among these loci, "son of sevenless homologue 1" ( SOS1 , OMIM 182530) and "RE1 silencing transcription factor" ( REST , OMIM 600571), which are HGF-related pathogenic genes, have been identified as associated with GINGF1 and GINGF5, respectively. (nature.com)
Deletions of multiple GID subunits compromise cell proliferation, and this defect is accompanied by deregulation of critical cell cycle markers such as the retinoblastoma (Rb) tumor suppressor, phospho-Histone H3 and Cyclin A. We identify the negative regulator of pro-proliferative genes Hbp1 as a bonafide GID/CTLH proteolytic substrate. (elifesciences.org)
Differentially expressed genes were uploaded to Ingenuity Pathway Analysis to identify novel mechanisms promoting neoplastic transformation. (cdc.gov)
Both D-SWCNT and DMWCNT cells expressed significant changes in genes associated with cell death, movement, proliferation and cancer. (cdc.gov)
We have learned that genes in mammalian cells are transcribed into messenger RNAs (mRNAs), which are to be translated into polypeptides (proteins). (intechopen.com)
In particular, we will discuss the modifications in intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways caused by proteins encoded by HPV early genes. (mdpi.com)
Another cluster included genes encoding enzymes in the mitochondrial beta-oxidation pathway. (biomedcentral.com)
Differentially expressed candidate genes for ageing previously identified in the human blood transcriptome up-regulated in PP cows were mainly associated with T-cell function ( CCR7 , CD27 , IL7R , CAMK4 , CD28 ), mitochondrial ribosomal proteins ( MRPS27 , MRPS9 , MRPS31 ), and DNA replication and repair ( WRN ). (biomedcentral.com)
Genes and pathways associated with lactation number in cows were identified for the first time to date, and we found that many were comparable to those known to be associated with ageing in humans and model organisms. (biomedcentral.com)
This study uncovered a new layer of regulation of pro-proliferative genes by menin via the Hedgehog signaling pathway," Hua says. (medindia.net)
We evaluated the expression and activation of Notch pathway genes in the adult human and murine corneal epithelium during proliferation. (molvis.org)
The expression of Notch pathway genes in the limbal and central human corneal epithelium was compared by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). (molvis.org)
DDX5 is required for cell proliferation by controlling the transcription of genes expressing DNA replication proteins in cancer cells in which the DDX5 locus is amplified, and this has uncovered a dependence on DDX5 for cell proliferation. (aacrjournals.org)
Citrullination of E2F-1 assists its chromatin association, specifically to cytokine genes in granulocyte cells. (uni-frankfurt.de)
To direct signals to specific target genes, Ets proteins interact with (other) transcription factors that promote the binding of Ets proteins to composite Ras-responsive elements. (embl.de)
After phosphorylation by JAK tyrosine kinases, STAT1 enters the nucleus to regulate transcription of many different genes. (thermofisher.com)

ZNF513 combined with KIF3C regulates gingival fibroblast proliferation, migration, and fibrosis response via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK pathways. (nature.com)
The migration of these cells also increased as demonstrated by wound healing and transwell assays. (jcancer.org)
In contrast, silencing of UASR1 suppressed cell proliferation and migration. (jcancer.org)
Transcription Factor CTCFL Promotes Cell Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion in Gastric Cancer via Activating DPPA2. (nih.gov)
This is also reflected in phenotypes of increased cell proliferation and migration. (frontiersin.org)
TAZ was required for GPER-induced gene transcription, breast cancer cell proliferation and migration, and tumor growth. (jci.org)
High expression of lncRNA H19 promotes cell migration and enhances angiogenesis ( 11 , 12 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
When lncHERG is highly expressed, cell multiplication, invasion and migration are inhibited in GBM ( 16 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
In addition, after the overexpression or knockdown of PAK3 in cells, the proliferation, migration and invasion abilities of these cells were assessed by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), wound healing and Transwell assays, and the results were confirmed in vivo experiments in mice. (jcancer.org)
We subsequently confirmed that PAK3 was overexpressed in HCC clinical samples and HCC cell lines and that PAK3 promoted the proliferation, migration and invasion of HCC cells in vitro . (jcancer.org)
KLF6 overexpression attenuated the migration and invasion of oral cancer SAS cells. (medsci.org)
MYL1 overexpression had no effect on proliferation, but significantly promoted migration of Fadu cells. (bvsalud.org)

The protein encoded by this gene is a putative serine/threonine kinase that localizes to the mitotic apparatus and complexes with cell cycle controller CDC2 kinase in early mitosis. (cancerindex.org)
The protein is phosphorylated in a cell-cycle dependent manner, with late prophase phosphorylation remaining through metaphase. (cancerindex.org)
The protein encoded by this gene is a mitogen-inducible monokine and is one of the major HIV-suppressive factors produced by CD8+ T-cells. (cancerindex.org)
What pathways are this gene/protein implicaed in? (cancerindex.org)
First, the general TFs (GTFs), including preinitiation complex components TFIIA, TFIIB, TFIID, TFIIE, TFIIF, and THIIH, are the primary protein factors that are required for the initiation of transcription from the TATA box (or TATA element), then elongation is executed by RNA polymerase II (RNA pol II) [ 1 ]. (intechopen.com)
Although SETD2 is functionally important, the protein does not accumulate in human cells. (frontiersin.org)
Activation of the Yap transcription co-activator was monitored using a high content, image based assay that measured the intracellular localization of native YAP protein. (selectbiosciences.com)
The p53 tumour suppressor protein is a key component of one such stress-response pathway, and virtually all cancers loose functionality of the p53-stress response pathway. (southampton.ac.uk)
A particular interest of our work has been how HDM2 and HDMX protein synthesis is controlled in response to cell-signalling pathways in different cell types, and how this affects p53 function in these cells. (southampton.ac.uk)
The GAS1 protein promotes Hedgehog signaling, and thus by inhibiting Gas1 expression, menin and PRMT5 effectively dial down the pathway's tendency towards cell proliferation. (medindia.net)
In the most well characterized "canonical" pathway in mammalian cells, the Notch intracellular domain (NotchIC) translocates to the nucleus where it mostly associates with the recombination signal binding protein for the immunoglobulin kappa J region (RBPJκ). (molvis.org)
Recent studies have found that overexpression of the High-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) protein, in conjunction with its receptors for advanced glycation end products (RAGEs) and toll-like receptors (TLRs), is associated with proliferation of various cancer types, including that of the breast and pancreatic. (biomedcentral.com)
CyclinE is a cell cycle regulatory protein which regulates the G1-S phase transition during cell proliferation. (biomedcentral.com)
This process activates protein kinase R (PKR)-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), inositol-requiring kinase 1 and activating transcription factor (ATF) 6, and initiates unfolded protein response (UPR) signaling pathways ( 13 , 14 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Transcriptional coactivator Yes-associated protein (YAP) can promote the proliferation of multiple cancer cells, corneal endothelial cells, and vascular smooth muscle cells, which participate in angiogenesis. (molvis.org)
P21-activated kinase 3 (PAK3) is a serine/threonine protein kinase, and PAK3 affects the EMT, proliferation, metastasis and invasion of HCC. (jcancer.org)
Their regulation may be carried out either through direct binding to DNA as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors or via modulation in an indirect manner of signaling pathway molecules (e.g., protein kinase C) and other transcription factors (nuclear factor kappa B and sterol regulatory element binding protein). (springer.com)
Major factors that may contribute to the proliferation of the leiomyoma are the decrease in the protein CCN5 and the expression of the gene HBP1--both of which are components of the Wnt signaling pathway, a fundamental pathway in normal development and in disease. (tufts.edu)
CCN5 is a matricelluar protein, which has a role in cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and progression of certain cancers. (tufts.edu)
The lab currently focuses on functions of transcription factors of the CCAAT Enhancer Binding Protein family (C/EBPs). (mdc-berlin.de)
Numerous reports suggest that interleukin-6 (IL-6) promotes survival and proliferation of tumor cells through the phosphorylation of a cell-signaling protein, signal-transducer-and-activator-of-transcription-3 (STAT3). (greenmedinfo.com)
DeMarini, and Chapter 20, by Rice and cell death determine the size protein in several signal ing path- and Herceg). (who.int)
Cas9 nuclease can be converted into an RNA-guided DNA binding protein (dCas9) via inactivation of its two catalytic domains 12 , 13 and then fused to transcription activation domains. (cdc.gov)

Cellular proteostasis involves the coordinated and compensatory action of pathways that control biogenesis, folding, trafficking and breakdown of proteins allowing the cell to adapt to physiological or pathological environmental changes. (elifesciences.org)
Some Example Projects: Regulation of HDM2 and HDMX proteins The HDM2 oncoprotein is the major negative regulator of p53 function in the cell. (southampton.ac.uk)
Role of CtBP transcriptional repressors in cancer cell proliferation and survival In common with p53, CtBP1 and CtBP2 proteins were discovered through their physical association with a viral oncoprotein. (southampton.ac.uk)
Transcription factors and co-activator proteins in co-ordinating the cell cycle and other physiological processes. (lister-institute.org.uk)
The menin-PRMT5 complex binds to the promoter of the Gas1 gene, where PRMT5 (an enzyme that adds methyl groups to histone proteins) functions as an epigenetic inhibitor, tamping down gene transcription. (medindia.net)
The cell cycle is strictly regulated and controlled by a complex network of signaling pathways [ 1 ], comprised of hundreds of proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
If some important proteins are mutated or there are defects in the signaling mechanisms, normal cell growth regulation will break down, possibly leading to the occurrence of cancer in the future. (biomedcentral.com)
Moreover, a number of extracellular proteins can bind to their receptors and activate signaling pathways that promote the proliferation of cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Membrane proteins implicated in long-chain fatty acid uptake by mammalian cells: CD36, FATP and FABPm. (springer.com)
Krüppel-like factors (KLFs) are highly conserved zinc-finger proteins that regulate cellular transcription machinery [ 1 , 2 ]. (medsci.org)
As targets of the Ras-MAPK signaling pathway, Ets proteins function as critical nuclear integrators of ubiquitous signaling cascades. (embl.de)
Advanced glycation is a major pathway for the posttranslational modification of plasma and tissue proteins. (iospress.com)
Key gene regulatory proteins control cell multiplication and instruct cells to adopt distinct cell fates. (mdc-berlin.de)
Currently, we concentrate on the functions of "pioneering transcription factors" CCAAT Enhancer Binding Proteins alpha and beta ( C/EBPα,β ) in development and disease. (mdc-berlin.de)
Programmable DNA binding proteins have emerged as an exciting platform for engineering synthetic transcription factors for modulating endogenous gene expression 5 - 11 . (cdc.gov)
Among the established custom DNA binding domains, Cas9 is most easily scaled to facilitate genome-scale perturbations 3 , 4 due to its simplicity of programming relative to zinc finger proteins and transcription activator-like effectors (TALEs). (cdc.gov)

It activates transcription and contributes to proliferation, antiapoptosis, and metastasis of tumor cells ( 5 ). (iiarjournals.org)
Our study is the first to provide demonstrate that KLF6 functions as a tumor suppressor gene and prevents the metastasis of oral cancer cells. (medsci.org)
For example, increased expression of LINC00958 attributes to cell metastasis in gastric cancer 7 . (researchsquare.com)
Curcumin, a natural polyphenolic compound derived from turmeric (Curcuma longa L), has proven to be a modulator of multiple intercellular signalling pathways linked to inflammation, to proliferation, growth, invasion, drug sensitivity, angiogenesis and metastasis of cancer cells. (researchgate.net)
Overall, MYL1 facilitates tumor metastasis and correlates with tumor immune infiltration in HNSCC and these effects may be associated with the EGF/EGFR pathway. (bvsalud.org)

Both DSWCNT and D-MWCNT-treated cells exhibited increased proliferation, invasion, anchorage-independent cell growth and angiogenesis compared to other treatments. (cdc.gov)

ZNF513 , a transcription factor, binds to KIF3C exon 1 and participates in the positive regulation of KIF3C expression in gingival fibroblasts. (nature.com)
Thus, the regulation of SETD2 levels through its proteolysis is important to maintain its appropriate function, which in turn regulates the fidelity of transcription and splicing-related processes. (frontiersin.org)
The top three clusters from modules more highly expressed in the PP cows all involved regulation of gene transcription, particularly zinc fingers. (biomedcentral.com)
Published data from our group indicate that HIF-1α regulation in airway epithelial cells (AEC) drives the acute inflammatory response following LC and GA. Metabolomic profiling and metabolic flux of Type II AEC following LC revealed marked increases in glycolytic and TCA intermediates in vivo and in vitro that were HIF-1α dependent. (jci.org)
Although the current generation of dCas9-based transcription activators is able to achieve up-regulation of some endogenous loci, the magnitude of transcriptional up-regulation achieved by individual single-guide RNAs (sgRNAs) 12 typically ranges from low to ineffective 8 - 11 . (cdc.gov)

Taken together, our data suggest that UASR1 plays an oncogenic role in breast cancer cells through activation of the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, being a novel RNA oncogene. (jcancer.org)
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate a number of physiological and pathological processes, including gene transcription and translation, chromatin modification, cell cycle progression, cell proliferation, and oncogenic and tumor-suppressive signals in cancer 6 . (researchsquare.com)
However, unlike other oncogenic retroviruses, deltaretroviruses have an additional region, tax (trans-activating region of the X gene), which has regulatory functions and is oncogenic to host cells. (cdc.gov)

For example, lncRNA nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (NEAT1) is highly expressed in GBM tissues and perturbed expression of NEAT1 suppresses cell proliferation and invasion ( 10 ). (spandidos-publications.com)

The resulting cell is flat, has no nucleus, and is surrounded by a cellular envelope. (wikipedia.org)
Our biochemical and cellular analysis thus demonstrates that the GID/CTLH complex prevents cell cycle exit in G1, at least in part by degrading Hbp1. (elifesciences.org)
Transcriptional responses to pathways: roles in the causes and treatment of cancer Intra-cellular stress-response pathways are activated in response to potentially deleterious conditions in the cell's environment. (southampton.ac.uk)
Examples include exposure to toxic compounds or radiation, loss of contact with other cells or the extra-cellular matrix, lack of oxygen (hypoxia), acidic pH, the activation of oncogenes, induction of cellular senescence, oxidative damage or depletion of essential metabolites. (southampton.ac.uk)
CtBP activity is modified by UV radiation and glycolytic metabolism, suggesting that CtBPs regulate cell survival in response to cellular stress. (southampton.ac.uk)
Immunofluorescent double staining was used to detect YAP cellular localization with CD31 (an endothelial cell marker) antibody. (molvis.org)
E2F transcription factors are a family of master regulators that coordinate gene expression during cellular proliferation and diverse cell fates. (uni-frankfurt.de)
tax causes malignant transformation not through integration and insertional mutagenesis, as many retroviruses do, but by inhibition of DNA repair (base excision pathway) and trans-activating disruption of cellular growth control mechanisms ( 2 ). (cdc.gov)

Treatment of OMM2.5 MUM cells with ACY-1215 resulted in a significant ( p = 0.0001), dose-dependent reduction in cell survival and proliferation in vitro , and in vivo regression of primary OMM2.5 xenografts in zebrafish larvae. (biorxiv.org)

In the murine collagen-induced arthritis model, chromatin-bound E2F-1 in inflammatory cells and consequent cytokine expression are diminished upon small-molecule inhibition of PAD4 and BRD4, and the combined treatment is clinically efficacious in preventing disease progression. (uni-frankfurt.de)
Aberrant activation of MAPK3 is associated with cancer development and progression, as it promotes cell proliferation and survival. (creativebiomart.net)

Phenotypic anchoring of toxicogenomic response to neoplastic cell transformation following in vitro subchronic nanomaterial exposure can potentially serve to identify novel mechanisms of action and provide human health risk assessment data. (cdc.gov)
Molecular mechanisms of the initiation of transcription from TATA box have been well known as the most essential nuclear events in mammalian cells. (intechopen.com)
Our studies have progressed from studies of the basic mechanisms whereby CtBPs control breast cancer proliferation and survival (Birts et al 2011 and Bergman et al 2009, 2006a) to their impact on the response to current chemotherapies (Birts et al 2010) to the demonstration that CtBPs are themselves a therapeutically tractable potential molecular target for cancer therapy (Birts et al 2013). (southampton.ac.uk)
Mechanisms regulating cancer cell growth and proliferation (particularly the pRb/E2F pathway). (lister-institute.org.uk)
Possible mechanisms for overcoming the resistance of HPV-infected tumor cells to anticancer drugs will be discussed. (mdpi.com)
Although the precise underlying mechanisms of AMD are not fully understood, numerous lines of evidence have indicated that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress contributes to the etiology of RPE cell damage and neovascularization formation ( 5 - 7 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
This study showed that YAP upregulation promoted CNV formation by upregulating the proliferation of endothelial cells, providing evidence for the molecular mechanisms of CNV and suggesting a novel molecular target for nAMD treatment. (molvis.org)
In this study, we evaluate the efficacy of ACY-1215, a histone deacetylase 6 inhibitor (HDAC6i), to attenuate MUM cell growth in vitro and in vivo, and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms. (biorxiv.org)
Treatment of patients with advanced and metastatic LC presents a significant challenge as malignant cells use different mechanisms to resist chemotherapy. (preprints.org)
Together with the associated research group of Dr. Alexander Mildner we perform ATACseq, ChIPseq and single cell analysis to disclose fundamental epigenetic mechanisms in hematopoiesis, homeostasis, autoimmune diseases, and in leukemogenesis. (mdc-berlin.de)
To determine the molecular mechanisms, we modeled the V409I/A mutants in budding yeast and found that they promote intrinsically faster microtubule polymerization rates in cells and in reconstitution experiments with purified tubulin. (elifesciences.org)

Calcium is also involved in different signaling pathways within skin cells. (wikipedia.org)

Further studies showed that UASR1 activated AKT and AKT-mediated mTOR signaling pathway to stimulate cell proliferation and growth. (jcancer.org)

One mechanism uses Receptor tyrosine kinase activates other cell signaling pathways and eventually MAP kinase. (wikipedia.org)
Following B-cell receptor activation, 2 waves of tyrosine kinase phosphorylation occur. (medscape.com)
X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA), also known as Bruton agammaglobulinemia, results from a mutation of the BTK gene, which encodes the pre-B-cell receptor (Pre-BCR) and BCR. (medscape.com)
Notch signaling is initiated by the interaction between the ligand on one cell and the receptor on a neighboring cell. (molvis.org)
Because the expression of the estrogen receptor (ER) in patients with primary breast cancer is one of the most powerful indicators of response to adjuvant hormonal therapy, the effects of endocrine-therapeutic agents strongly depend on whether tumor cell growth remains estrogen responsive ( 3 ). (iiarjournals.org)
In this review, we have discussed the status and roles of various immune effector cells ( e.g ., dendritic cells, natural killer cells, macrophages, and T cells), their cytokine profile, and the chemokine-receptor axis in promoting or impeding HCC. (wjgnet.com)
[ 5 ] Ideally, SCID can be detected in a newborn before the onset of infections, with one well-documented example by screening of T-cell-receptor excision circles. (medscape.com)
In X-linked SCID, loss of IL-2 receptor (IL-2R) function leads to the loss of a lymphocyte proliferation signal. (medscape.com)
[ 2 ] Options for second-line therapy in patients with relapsed/refractory disease include chemotherapy-free regimens with biologic targeted agents such as covalent Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors, lenalidomide,venetoclax, and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy. (medscape.com)

In addition, gene set enrichment analysis indicated that high CEP55 expression was associated with immunization, cell adhesion, inflammation, the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling pathway and cell proliferation. (urotoday.com)
Ets transcription factors: nuclear effectors of the Ras-MAP-kinase signaling pathway. (embl.de)
MAPK3, also known as ERK1 (Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase 1), is a serine/threonine kinase involved in cell signaling pathways. (creativebiomart.net)

E5 inhibits the V-ATPase, prolonging EGFR signaling and thereby promoting cell proliferation. (genome.jp)
The expression of E6 and E7 not only inhibits the tumor suppressors p53 and Rb, but also alters additional signalling pathways. (genome.jp)
Curcumin inhibits head and neck cancer cell proliferation. (greenmedinfo.com)

It is a highly conserved network that orchestrates cell-fate decisions in the nervous, gastrointestinal, and the hematopoietic systems of many organisms ranging from insects to humans. (molvis.org)

One such important histone mark is H3K36me3 which is deposited by the enzyme SETD2 in mammalian cells. (frontiersin.org)

We have also developed interests in other pathways which regulate gene transcription and cancer cell proliferation in response to stress and changes in cell metabolism. (southampton.ac.uk)
mTOR is regulated by the TCS1/2 complex, and several signaling pathways upstream of TSC1/2 positively or negatively regulate this complex, including PI3K-AKT, Ras-ERK, LKB1-AMPK and Wnt-GSK3β pathways. (wikipathways.org)

This mechanism may be at least partially responsible for curcumin's ability to suppress proliferation of HNSCC cells. (greenmedinfo.com)

Targeting constitutive and interleukin-6-inducible signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 pathway in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells by curcumin (diferuloylmethane). (greenmedinfo.com)
Constitutive activation of STAT3 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and its role in proliferation of this tumor has been demonstrated. (greenmedinfo.com)
In this study, we aimed to investigate the functional landscape of immune cells in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). (bvsalud.org)
Head neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors which ranks the sixth incidence in the world. (bvsalud.org)

The methyltransferase SETD2 regulates cryptic transcription, alternative splicing, and the DNA damage response. (frontiersin.org)
such as components of the nuclear pore, by which YAP cytoplasmic/nuclear shuttling occurs, or how proteasomal degradation regulates intracellular YAP concentrations, which then alter YAP localization and transcription. (selectbiosciences.com)

A research team led by Xianxin Hua, MD, PhD, associate professor of Cancer Biology at the Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, report in Cancer Research that menin suppresses signaling in the much-studied Hedgehog pathway in endocrine organs. (medindia.net)

Given that OKSM (Yamanaka) factors convert somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells, alterations in transcriptional state could affect destiny of the cells. (intechopen.com)
HBP1, an HMG Box transcription factor, is a cell cycle inhibitor and a transcriptional repressor of the Wnt signaling pathway. (tufts.edu)

Among these pathways, PI3K/Akt signalling cascade plays a very important role in HPV-induced carcinogenesis. (genome.jp)
The ER is activated by estrogen binding and also by phosphorylation through the PI3K/Akt pathway ( 4 ). (iiarjournals.org)

To the best of the authors' knowledge, no computational model has been proposed to investigate the importance of HMGB1 in tumor proliferation. (biomedcentral.com)
High tumor proliferation has previously been associated with response to chemotherapy. (lu.se)

We now show that hPF4 interferes with thrombogenicity of cfDNA and NETs by preventing their cleavage to short-fragment and single-stranded cfDNA that more effectively activates the contact pathway of coagulation. (jci.org)

Top ranked pathway along with western blot analyses identified several altered signaling pathways and transcription factors associated with oncogenesis. (cdc.gov)
Recent global analyses of gene transcripts revealed that specific transcription factors (TFs) and their networking systems physiologically correspond to the onset of human diseases, including cancer. (intechopen.com)
Transcription factors are divided into two groups. (intechopen.com)
We applied an assay that measures the stability of maintenance of an episomal plasmid in human tissue culture cells to screen for new DNA replication factors. (aacrjournals.org)
In addition, RPE cells proliferate and secrete various proangiogenic factors, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which serves an important role in AMD-associated CNV ( 4 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Members of the ets family of transcription factors share a conserved DNA-binding domain, the ets domain. (embl.de)
The Ets family of transcription factors. (embl.de)
STAT1 (signal transducers and activators of transcription 1) is a member of the STAT family of transcription factors. (thermofisher.com)
It phosphorylates various transcription factors, including ELK1 and c-Fos, leading to changes in gene expression. (creativebiomart.net)
Mutations in these key transcription factors dysregulate hematopoiesis and cause diseases, such as leukemia and immune defects. (mdc-berlin.de)
YT do not have a DNA binding domain but act through interaction with other transcription factors (TFs). (lu.se)

Both continue their development in the bone marrow through an antigen-independent process called primary lymphopoiesis (PL). Recognized stages of PL are pro-B cell, pre-B cell, immature B cell, and mature B cell. (medscape.com)
Secondary lymphopoiesis (SL) begins when mature B cells enter the extrafollicular area of lymphoid tissue and differentiate into short-lived plasma cells and memory cells after being stimulated by antigen-presenting cells. (medscape.com)
ECSA/DPPA2 is an embryo-cancer antigen that is coexpressed with cancer-testis antigens in non-small cell lung cancer. (nih.gov)
Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression in CNV mice without or with YAP siRNA intravitreal injection and the colocalization of PCNA and CD31 were measured with western blotting and immunofluorescent double staining, respectively. (molvis.org)
Mib-1 monoclonal antibody recognizes the proliferation-related antigen Ki-67. (lu.se)

The programmed cell death prevents the activity of damaged DNA or pathways that could otherwise lead to cancer. (wikipedia.org)
Ectopic expression of UASR1 promoted proliferation and clonogenic growth of breast cancer cells MCF7 and MDA-MB-231. (jcancer.org)
SAEC were exposed for 25 weeks to 0.02 microg/cm2 and evaluated for cancer cell phenotype. (cdc.gov)
Stress-response pathways play a key role in the patho-physiology and treatment of many diseases, including cancer.At almost every stage of the development of a tumour, cells are exposed to some form of stress. (southampton.ac.uk)
Many current and prospective treatments for cancer work by either inhibiting, or re-activating stress response pathways.Our work focuses on the role of regulators of gene transcription in the response of cancer cells to stress. (southampton.ac.uk)
We aim to determine the role of these pathways in the development of cancer, and establish the potential for targeting components of the pathways for cancer therapy.Our group is based in the purpose-built Somers Cancer Research Building. (southampton.ac.uk)
In the late 1990s work from a number of groups, including Blaydes et al , demonstrated that HDM2 could be targeted in cancer cells to re-activate the p53 stress-response pathway. (southampton.ac.uk)
We have undertaken a series of projects examining how HDM2, and its paralogue HDMX is regulated in cancer cells (see Phillips et al, 2010, 2008, 2007, 2006a, 2006b and Phelps et al 2005, 2003). (southampton.ac.uk)
Individuals with MEN1 are at a substantially increased risk of developing neuroendocrine tumors, including cancer of the pancreatic islet cells that secrete insulin. (medindia.net)
Researchers still did not exactly understand how menin mutations lead to MEN1 syndrome, and more importantly, what molecular pathways might be dysregulated by menin mutations and thus can be targeted to improve therapy against this type of cancer. (medindia.net)
Scientists have identified that pancreatic cancer cells growth and spread are fueled by an unusual metabolic pathway that someday might be blocked with targeted drugs to control the deadly cancer. (medindia.net)
We have developed a rule-based model of crosstalk between the HMGB1 signaling pathway and other key cancer signaling pathways. (biomedcentral.com)
We find that the DDX5 locus is frequently amplified in breast cancer and that breast cancer-derived cells with amplification of DDX5 are much more sensitive to its depletion than breast cancer cells and a breast epithelial cell line that lacks DDX5 amplification. (aacrjournals.org)
Our results show a novel role for DDX5 in cancer cell proliferation and suggest DDX5 as a therapeutic target in breast cancer treatment. (aacrjournals.org)
Given the high frequency of DDX5 amplification in breast cancer, our results highlight DDX5 as a promising candidate for targeted therapy of breast tumors with DDX5 amplification, and indeed we show that DDX5 inhibition sensitizes a subset of breast cancer cells to trastuzumab. (aacrjournals.org)
Defects in the control of cell proliferation are a hallmark of cancer, and DNA replication is a key process for cell proliferation. (aacrjournals.org)
Understanding how DNA replication is regulated in human cells can provide insight into cancer development and may reveal vulnerabilities that can be exploited therapeutically. (aacrjournals.org)
We selected the ERGs for this study from our previously developed custom-made breast cancer cell cDNA glass array ( 6 ). (iiarjournals.org)
These results suggest genotoxic damage may induce a unique cancer-prone phenotype and processes mimicking activated B cell response to antigenic agents, as well as the normal B cell maturation processes. (biomedcentral.com)
Failure to properly repair this damage can lead to detrimental health effects, such as uncontrolled cell death and cancer formation. (biomedcentral.com)
The mRNA expression levels of CEP55 in ccRCC samples were significantly higher than those observed in adjacent normal kidney tissues based on The Cancer Genome Atlas data and reverse transcription‑polymerase chain reaction results. (urotoday.com)
Changes in dietary fatty acids, specifically the polyunsaturated fatty acids of the ω-3 and ω-6 families and some derived eicosanoids from lipoxygenases, cyclooxygenases, and cytochrome P-450, seem to control the activity of transcription factor families involved in cancer cell proliferation or cell death. (springer.com)
Through proteome-profiling, attenuation of the microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) signaling pathway was linked to the observed anti-cancer effects of ACY-1215. (biorxiv.org)
This first or primary UM is treated by targeting the cancer cells using ocular radiation implants or by surgical removal of the eye. (biorxiv.org)
Although increasingly implicated in inflammatory disease and cancer, the mechanism of action of PAD4 and its functionally relevant pathways remains unclear. (uni-frankfurt.de)
In our study, we analyzed the effects of the knockdown of LINC00958 in endometrial cancer cells by using the RNA-seq data. (researchsquare.com)
BACKGROUND: The malignant characteristics of cancer depend not only on intrinsic properties of cancer cells but also on the functions of infiltrating immune cells. (bvsalud.org)
Background: Human hypopharygeal squamous cell carcinoma (HSCC) is a common head and neck cancer with a poor prognosis in advanced stages. (bvsalud.org)

Defects occurring at the CLP stage or those affecting processes common to B- and T-cell development result in combined immunodeficiency involving B, T, and NK cells (see Combined B-Cell and T-Cell Disorders ). (medscape.com)
Genotoxic damage causes robust alterations to pathways associated with B cell activation and increased proliferation, suggesting that genotoxic damage initiates not only the normal B cell maturation processes but also mimics activated B cell response to antigenic agents. (biomedcentral.com)

What's more, treating a mouse model of human MEN1 syndrome with a Hedgehog pathway inhibitor called Erivedge (FDA-approved in 2012 for metastatic or locally advanced basal cell carcinoma) reduced proliferation of tumor cells and blood insulin levels. (medindia.net)
Curcumin was also a more potent inhibitor of HNSCC cell proliferation than AG490. (greenmedinfo.com)

Primary B-cell immunodeficiencies refer to diseases resulting from impaired antibody production due to either molecular defects intrinsic to B-cells or a failure of interaction between B-cells and T-cells. (medscape.com)
Both HDLM-2 and HDLM-2dx cells had an intrinsic resistance to BV but not to the drug MMAE. (preprints.org)

In addition, GSK2606414 treatment inhibited eIF2α phosphorylation and reduced CHOP and VEGF mRNA expression levels in RPE cells under TG‑induced ER stress. (spandidos-publications.com)
In the present report, we demonstrate that most HNSCC cell lines had constitutively active STAT3 and that curcumin (diferuloylmethane), a pharmacologically safe agent in humans, inhibited STAT3 phosphorylation in a dose- and time-dependent manner. (greenmedinfo.com)

Indeed, Hbp1 accumulates in cells lacking GID/CTLH activity, and Hbp1 physically interacts and is ubiquitinated in vitro by reconstituted GID/CTLH complexes. (elifesciences.org)
To address this knowledge gap, we conducted subchronic in vitro exposures of dispersed single-walled CNT (D-SWCNT), multiwalled CNT (D-MWCNT) and crocidolite asbestos (ASB) to human small airway epithelial cells (SAEC). (cdc.gov)
In vitro, the expression of Hes1 was higher in confluent cells maintained under high calcium conditions. (molvis.org)
To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first to demonstrate that GSK2606414 has a potential antiproliferative effect in RPE cells in vitro. (spandidos-publications.com)
In agreement, pharmacological inhibition of MITF signaling with ML329, significantly reduced OMM2.5 cell survival and viability in vitro ( p = 0.0001) and in vivo ( p = 0.0006). (biorxiv.org)
This was an in-vitro (lab culture) study titled " Coconut oil protects cortical neurons from amyloid beta toxicity by enhancing signaling of cell survival pathways " and also published recently (2017). (coconutoil.com)
Importantly, lactate incubation in vitro on Type II cells did not significantly increase the inflammatory byproduct IL-1β. (jci.org)

Diagnostic and prognostic value of CEP55 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma as determined by bioinformatics analysis. (urotoday.com)
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is one of the most common types of malignant adult kidney tumor. (urotoday.com)

KLF6 downregulation enhances MDM2 gene expression that deregulates the p53 pathway [ 9 ]. (medsci.org)
Our results shed light on a new transcription-based mechanism that mediates the inflammatory effect of PAD4 and establish the interplay between citrullination and acetylation in the control of E2F-1 as a regulatory interface for driving inflammatory gene expression. (uni-frankfurt.de)

During the process of airway inflammation, complex interactions of innate and adaptive immune cells as well as structural cells and their cytokines have many important roles. (cdc.gov)
Interleukin (IL)-9-producing subset called Th9 cell, Th22 cells which primarily secrete IL-22, IL-13 and tumor necrosis factor- and Th25 cells via producing IL-25 are believed to be important for initiating allergic reactions and developing airway inflammation. (cdc.gov)

This presentation will review the nature of frequent hitters in biochemical and cell based assay and compare such compounds to gene targets that appear as frequent hitters in genetic screens. (selectbiosciences.com)
Expression and function analyses of DElncRNAs were performed by reverse transcription‑polymerase chain reaction (RT‑PCR) and an established viability assay, respectively. (spandidos-publications.com)
Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and cell proliferation assay were used to explore the functional role of the key lncRNAs in GBM. (spandidos-publications.com)
Cell proliferation was assessed using the Cell Counting kit‑8 cell viability assay. (spandidos-publications.com)

Cells that are impacted in Psoriasis include dendritic cells, T lymphocytes, and keratinocytes. (wikipedia.org)
B and T cells, type 2 dendritic cells, and natural killer (NK) cells share a common ancestor: common lymphoid progenitor (CLP). (medscape.com)
Memory cells travel to the primary follicle, where, after exposure to dendritic cells, they differentiate into centroblasts (immunoglobulin class-switch). (medscape.com)

Uterine leiomyoma is a collection of hyperplastic uterine smooth muscle, along with endothelial cells, fibroblast, collagen, and sulfate proteoglycan. (tufts.edu)

Beyond this basic grouping, SCID may be categorized according to phenotypic lymphocyte profiles that include both B-cell status (B + or B - ) and NK-cell status (NK + or NK - ) in addition to T-cell status (T - , because there is always a T-cell deficiency in SCID). (medscape.com)

Myeloid immune cells, specifically tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), may represent potential novel therapeutic targets in HCC, complementing current ablative or immune therapies. (cancerindex.org)
A dysregulated immune system (including changes in the number and/or function of immune cells, cytokine levels, and the expression of inhibitory receptors or their ligands) plays a key role in the development of HCC. (wjgnet.com)
The ICF risk score was associated with immune checkpoints, infiltrating immune cells, tumor mutation burden, and sensitivities to targeted/chemotherapeutic agents. (bvsalud.org)

Aberrant reactivation of developmental pathways is evident in IPF. (lu.se)

Activating mutations upstream may also underlie some epigenetic or within the ERK1/2 cascade are events that change cell signalling. (who.int)

The results demonstrate that DLEU1 and TRAF4 is highly expressed in GBM tissues and promotes proliferation of GBM cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
Methods: We performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and analysis of hypopharyngeal carcinoma, paracancerous, and lymphoid tissues from five HSCC patients. (bvsalud.org)
Our finding of BLV in human tissues indicates a risk for the acquisition and proliferation of this virus in humans. (cdc.gov)

In this study, we aim to identify the key molecules and signaling pathways by analyzing the RNA-seq data. (researchsquare.com)

Based on the ceRNA hypothesis ( 15 ), the lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network was constructed and Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis of mRNAs in the network were performed. (spandidos-publications.com)
ATF4, CHOP and VEGF mRNA expression levels were assessed using reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction. (spandidos-publications.com)

To further identify the potential signaling pathways after the knockdown of LINC00958 in Ishikawa cells, we performed the KEGG and GO analyses (Figure 2). (researchsquare.com)

In this work, we construct a simple model of HMGB1 signal transduction to investigate tumorigenesis on the basis of known signaling pathway studies [ 16 - 21 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Phenotypic anchoring of subchronic carbon nanotube and asbestos exposure to small airway epithelial cells: linking toxicogenomic and neoplastic transformation responses. (cdc.gov)
Upon division, the slow cycling limbal epithelial stem cells give rise to daughter cells known as transient amplifying (TA) cells. (molvis.org)

In HRSdx cells, less sensitive to DNA damage and oxidative stress, the efflux drug transporters MDR1 and MRP1 were not up-regulated, and doxorubicin accumulated in cytoplasm rather than in nucleus. (preprints.org)

Hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow sustain their own maintenance and give rise to "transit amplifying", lineage committed cells that terminally differentiate into distinct, mostly short-lived cell types. (mdc-berlin.de)
Chemotherapy, either at conventional levels or in the higher-dosed myeloablative protocols used in conditioning regimens (with or without total body radiation in preparation for hematopoietic cell transplantation [HCT]), often results in erythema, edema, atrophy, and ulceration of the oral mucosa, a condition generally referred to as oral mucositis. (medscape.com)
Трансплантація гемопоетичних стовбурових клітин Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation is a rapidly evolving technique that offers a potential cure for hematologic cancers ( leukemias, lymphomas, myeloma) and other hematologic disorders. (msdmanuals.com)
Living donors are often used for kidney and hematopoietic stem cell transplants, less frequently for segmental liver transplants, and rarely for pancreas and lung transplants. (msdmanuals.com)

This effect appeared to be achieved via inhibition of the PERK/ATF4/CHOP signaling pathway and suppression of VEGF expression levels. (spandidos-publications.com)

Our findings provide evidence that ACY-1215 and ML329 are efficacious against growth and survival of MUM cells and are potential therapeutic options for MUM. (biorxiv.org)
In our study, we identified that the drug ACY-1215 prevents the growth of UM cells from the liver. (biorxiv.org)
In response to DNA-damaging agents, the wild-type p53-activated fragment 1 (WAF1 also known as p21) is an important downstream effector in the p53-specific growth arrest pathway. (lu.se)

4] UVB radiation is dangerous as it can lead to DNA damage as well as damage of tumor-suppressor pro-apoptotic signaling pathways. (wikipedia.org)
However, the ability of HPV-infected cells to resist apoptotic signals renders such therapies ineffective. (mdpi.com)

8] The proliferation of epidermal cells is associated with an increase in skin sloughing. (wikipedia.org)

7] Generally, Psoriasis affects innate and adaptive immune system cells. (wikipedia.org)

However, NET digestion liberates pathogens and releases cfDNA that promote thrombosis and endothelial cell injury. (jci.org)
ESL = endothelial cell surface layer (often referred to as the glycocalyx). (medscape.com)

In some circumstances, the activation of a stress-response pathway will actually help the tumour cell to survive and proliferate. (southampton.ac.uk)
Activation of the PERK/eIF2α/ATF4 signaling pathway has been reported in numerous retinal degenerative diseases including AMD ( 16 ), glaucomatous retinopathy ( 19 ) and diabetic retinopathy ( 20 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Senescent cells exhibit chronic activation of the transcription factor nuclear factor (NF)-κB, a known mediator of the pro-inflammatory senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) and skeletal muscle atrophy. (jci.org)
Besides inhibiting constitutive expression, curcumin also abrogated the IL-6-induced activation of STAT3 in HNSCC cells. (greenmedinfo.com)

Anatomy26

Organisms11

Diseases7

Chemicals and Drugs110

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment29

Phenomena and Processes73

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Differentiation17

Apoptosis22

Role in regulating cell pr1

Hippo10

Genes16

Migration12

Protein23

Proteins16

Metastasis5

Angiogenesis1

Regulation5

Oncogenic3

Invasion1

Cellular8

Survival and proliferation1

Progression2

Mechanisms11

Different signalin1

MTOR signali1

Receptor9

Kinase3

Inhibits3

Highly conserved1

Mammalian1

Regulate2

Suppress proliferation1

Neck squamous cell carc4

Regulates2

Suppresses1

Transcriptional2

PI3K2

Tumor proliferation2

Activates1

Factors11

Antigen5

Cancer28

Processes2

Inhibitor2

Intrinsic2

Phosphorylation2

Vitro7

Clear Cell Renal Cell Carc2

Gene expression2

Inflammation2

Assay4

Dendritic cells3

Fibroblast1

Lymphocyte1

Immune cells3

Developmental1

Upstream1

Tissues3

Molecules1

MRNA2

KEGG1

Signal transduction1

Epithelial2

Oxidative stress1

Hematopoietic4

Inhibition1

Growth3

Apoptotic2

Epidermal1

Innate and adaptive1

Endothelial cell2

Activation4