• Examples of simple cyanide compounds are hydrogen cyanide, sodium cyanide and potassium cyanide. (cdc.gov)
  • Sodium cyanide and potassium cyanide are both white solids with a bitter, almond-like odor in damp air. (cdc.gov)
  • 1993. NTP technical report on toxicity studies of sodium cyanide administered in drinking water to F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice. (cdc.gov)
  • [ 1 ] In addition, intensive treatment with sodium nitroprusside or long-term consumption of cyanide-containing foods is a possible source of cyanide poisoning. (medscape.com)
  • Hydrogen cyanide (HCN, also known as prussic acid) is a volatile liquid that boils at 25.6° C (78.1° F). Potassium and sodium cyanide salts are water soluble, whereas mercury, copper, gold, and silver cyanide salts are poorly water soluble. (medscape.com)
  • Produced by YANTAI XINHAI MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD., CNFREE eco-friendly gold leaching reagent is a high-tech product for gold extraction, which can 100% replace sodium cyanide without changing the original leaching process and equipment, as well as meet the advantages of both sodium cyanide and eco-friendly leaching reagents. (cnfreereagent.com)
  • Poisoning with cyanide , a rapidly acting, potentially deadly chemical that can exist as a colorless gas, such as hydrogen cyanide (HCN) or cyanogen chloride (CNCl), or a crystal form such as sodium cyanide (NaCN) or potassium cyanide (KCN). (rxlist.com)
  • Exposure to toxic levels of cyanide can result from numerous chemical reactions. (cdc.gov)
  • Cyanide is usually found joined with other chemicals to form compounds. (cdc.gov)
  • In certain plant foods, including almonds, millet sprouts, lima beans, soy, spinach, bamboo shoots, and cassava roots (which are a major source of food in tropical countries), cyanides occur naturally as part of sugars or other naturally-occurring compounds. (cdc.gov)
  • In addition, a number of cyanide-containing compounds, known as cyanogens, may release cyanide during metabolism. (medscape.com)
  • Flaxseed contains very small amounts of compounds that can produce cyanide, a metabolic poison. (uexpress.com)
  • With cyanogenic (cyanide-producing) and other potentially dangerous compounds, it comes down to the dose, and it also depends on the nutritional status of the consumer. (uexpress.com)
  • Systemic asphyxiants poison cells throughout the body and include Cyanide compounds Hydrogen sulfide. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Potassium cyanide releases hydrogen cyanide gas, a highly toxic chemical asphyxiant that interferes with the body's ability to use oxygen. (cdc.gov)
  • Exposure to potassium cyanide can be rapidly fatal. (cdc.gov)
  • Potassium cyanide is used commercially for fumigation, electroplating, and extracting gold and silver from ores. (cdc.gov)
  • Potassium cyanide absorbs water from air (is hygroscopic or deliquescent). (cdc.gov)
  • Indoor Air: Potassium cyanide can be released into indoor air as fine droplets, liquid spray (aerosol), or fine particles. (cdc.gov)
  • Water: Potassium cyanide can be used to contaminate water. (cdc.gov)
  • Agricultural: If potassium cyanide is released as fine droplets, liquid spray (aerosol), or fine particles, it has the potential to contaminate agricultural products. (cdc.gov)
  • Potassium cyanide can affect the body by ingestion, inhalation, skin contact, or eye contact. (cdc.gov)
  • However, the edible parts of plants that are eaten in the United States, including tapioca which is made from cassava roots, contain relatively low amounts of cyanide. (cdc.gov)
  • Staples such as cassava on which millions of people depend become more toxic and produce much smaller yields in a world with higher carbon dioxide levels and more drought, Australian scientists say. (org.in)
  • Cyanide is naturally present in some foods and in certain plants such as cassava . (rxlist.com)
  • Thiocyanate primarily forms in the body as a metabolite of cyanide from tobacco smoke or cyanogenic foods such as cassava. (cdc.gov)
  • 11. Kwok J. Cyanide poisoning and cassava. (who.int)
  • Cyanide toxicity is generally considered to be a rare form of poisoning. (medscape.com)
  • Toxicity from inhalation of cyanide gas manifests rapidly. (medscape.com)
  • Cyanide toxicity is experienced by humans at doses of around 0.5-3.5 milligrams per kilogram of body weight. (pickyourown.org)
  • Only adverse effects of "cyanide toxicity. (nutritionfacts.org)
  • Cyanide exposure most often occurs via inhalation or ingestion, but liquid cyanide can be absorbed through the skin or eyes. (medscape.com)
  • Remove any clothing that has liquid cyanide on it. (rxlist.com)
  • Wash any liquid cyanide from the skin thoroughly with soap and water. (rxlist.com)
  • But the much bigger concern with cherries is that the pit, stems, and leaves of a cherry all contain cyanide, just like the seeds in an apple . (petmd.com)
  • The pits contain cyanide, which is toxic to dogs. (gumtree.com.au)
  • Successful passive sampling techniques were developed for ammonia (7664417) and hydrogen-cyanide (74908). (cdc.gov)
  • This produces toxic gases including ammonia (see ICSC 0414). (ilo.org)
  • GT814 NOVA-Sensor Elite™ Toxic Gas Sensor is our latest intelligent model toxic gas detector which monitors the presence of toxic gases such as H2S or hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, carbon monoxide, chlorine, and other toxic gases. (safetysys.com)
  • In his paper on Interpretations of Permissible Limits, Schrenk (16) notes that the "values for hydrochloric acid, hydrogen cyanide, ammonia, chlorine and bromine as given under the heading "only minimal symptoms after several hours' in the foregoing Kobert paper agree with values as usually accepted in present-day tables of MACs for reported exposures. (cdc.gov)
  • Cyanide salts are used in metallurgy for electroplating, metal cleaning, and removing gold from its ore. (rxlist.com)
  • The US Defence Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) sponsored a two-year set of experiments, conducted in 2012 and 2013, that were designed and executed by the US Army's Edgewood Chemical and Biological Center (ECBC) and the Naval Medical Research Unit Dayton (NAMRU-D) to explore time-varying inhalation exposures of hydrogen cyanide gas on rats. (inderscience.com)
  • The introduction of cyanogen chloride by the French in 1916 made available a compound that, being both more toxic and less volatile, was a more effective chemical agent. (medscape.com)
  • Cyanide is also known by the military designations AN (for hydrogen cyanide) and CK (for cyanogen chloride). (rxlist.com)
  • The tail of the comet Atlas contains a huge amount of chlorine and cyanide. (veteranstoday.com)
  • Some herbal products have been found to contain high levels of toxic heavy metals such as arsenic, lead, or mercury. (cdc.gov)
  • Organic and inorganic forms of arsenic can be found in soil, both naturally occurring and due to the use of cyanide-containing pesticides prior to the 1970's. (pickyourown.org)
  • This research investigated socioeconomic and country variations in smokers' knowledge that smoking causes heart disease, stroke, impotence and lung cancer, that smoke contains cyanide, mercury, arsenic and carbon monoxide, and whether nicotine causes most of the cancer. (bmj.com)
  • The odds of knowing that smoke contains cyanide, mercury, arsenic and carbon monoxide were respectively 66%, 26%, 44% and 108% larger for respondents with a university degree than those with a high school diploma or lower level of education. (bmj.com)
  • Cyanide gas evaporates and disperses quickly in open spaces, making it less harmful outdoors. (rxlist.com)
  • Hydrogen cyanide is a colorless gas with a faint, bitter, almondlike odor. (cdc.gov)
  • Hydrogen cyanide is liquid under standard conditions, highly toxic and deadly, colorless and bitter, with a hint of almond. (multi-gasdetector.com)
  • Carbon Monoxide Poisoning Carbon monoxide is a colorless, odorless gas that is produced when many materials are burned and can be toxic when breathed in large amounts Carbon monoxide poisoning is common. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Together they combine in the stomach to form mercury cyanide which would then be expelled from a healthy stomach by vomiting. (armchairgeneral.com)
  • Consequently, the highly toxic mercury cyanide was retained. (armchairgeneral.com)
  • It is well documented that mercury cyanide paralyzes the voluntary motor functions. (armchairgeneral.com)
  • What does mercury cyanide do to the stomach? (armchairgeneral.com)
  • Illegal miners used mercury and cyanide to extract the gold from dirt and rock. (goldmanprize.org)
  • Cyanide was first used as a chemical weapon in the form of gaseous HCN in World War I. Starting in 1915, the French military used approximately 4000 tons of cyanide, without notable success. (medscape.com)
  • The failure of this measure was probably attributable to the high volatility of cyanide and the inability of the 1- to 2-lb munitions used to deliver the amounts of chemical required for biologic effects. (medscape.com)
  • It contains a chemical similar to cyanide as well as other poisons. (webmd.com)
  • Title : Guidance manual for the assessment of joint toxic action of chemical mixtures Personal Author(s) : Wilbur, Sharon B. Corporate Authors(s) : United States, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. (cdc.gov)
  • Cyanide sometimes is described as having a " bitter almond " smell , but it does not always give off an odor, and not everyone can detect this odor. (rxlist.com)
  • However, cyanide exposure occurs relatively frequently in patients with smoke inhalation from residential or industrial fires. (medscape.com)
  • Smoke Inhalation Smoke can suffocate people and sometimes also contains toxic chemicals produced by the burning substance. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Symptoms of cyanide poisoning include stomach cramps, headache, nausea and vomiting, and can culminate in cardiac arrest, respiratory failure, coma and death. (pickyourown.org)
  • People exposed to a small amount of cyanide by breathing it, absorbing it through their skin, or eating foods that contain it may have some or all of the following symptoms within minutes: rapid breathing, restlessness, dizziness, weakness, headache, nausea and vomiting, and rapid heart rate. (rxlist.com)
  • Your dog consuming these toxic foods can lead to symptoms like an upset stomach, abdominal pain, red blood cell damage, kidney failure, or even liver failure. (gumtree.com.au)
  • Our analysis, detailed in a separate paper, finds that a single set of fitted parameters for the toxic load model (i.e., the toxic load exponent n , probit slope m , and median lethal exposure TL 50 ) cannot accurately model the single exposure experimental data across the experiments' full range of time from 2.3 to 30 minutes but can on the longer timescales of 10 to 30 minutes. (inderscience.com)
  • Smoking cigarettes is probably one of the major sources of cyanide exposure for people who do not work in cyanide-related industries. (rxlist.com)
  • Poisoning caused by cyanide depends on the amount of cyanide a person is exposed to and the route and duration of exposure. (rxlist.com)
  • Exposure to a large amount of cyanide by any route may cause these other health effects as well: convulsions, low blood pressure ( hypotension ), slow heart rate ( bradycardia ), loss of consciousness, lung injury and respiratory failure leading to death. (rxlist.com)
  • Moving to an area with fresh air is a good way to reduce the possibility of death from exposure to cyanide gas. (rxlist.com)
  • Thiocyanate is also a biomarker of cyanide exposure from tobacco smoke or diet. (cdc.gov)
  • Therefore, a defined reference range for thiocyanate will provide useful benchmark data in case of a cyanide exposure event. (cdc.gov)
  • It also contains toxic chemicals, such as cyanide. (webmd.com)
  • If accidentally ingested (swallowed), chemicals found in acetonitrile-based products that are used to remove artificial nails can produce cyanide. (rxlist.com)
  • These toxic chemicals flowed directly into the Ovejas River, contaminating the community's only source of fresh water. (goldmanprize.org)
  • Even as the government confirmed 'cyanide poison in ragi balls' as a cause for the elephants' death, the Karnataka High Court on Friday directed the Forest Department to find out the culprits behind the episode in Kappasoge village near Nanjangud and submit a report before December 9. (org.in)
  • Local and regional poison centers can provide information and medical guidance in cases of suspected poisoning or other toxic exposures. (cdc.gov)
  • Cyanide itself is a poison that kills by denying blood the ability to carry oxygen and thereby causes its victims to die. (pickyourown.org)
  • Don't worry: It would take a bushel's worth of ground up apple's seeds (about 1 cup of seeds) to create enough cyanide to poison someone. (pickyourown.org)
  • Apple and crabapple seeds (and seeds of some other fruits, like cherries, peaches, apricots) contain amygdalin, an organic cyanide and sugar compound that degrades into hydrogen cyanide (HCN) when metabolized. (pickyourown.org)
  • Amygdalin is a cyanide-containing compound found in apple seeds, but 10 times more concentrated in the seeds of peaches, apricots, and bitter almonds. (nutritionfacts.org)
  • Conclusion: "Amygdalin (Laetrile) is a toxic drug that is not effective as a cancer treatment. (nutritionfacts.org)
  • Gives off irritating or toxic fumes (or gases) in a fire. (ilo.org)
  • This produces toxic gases including hydrogen cyanide. (ilo.org)
  • There are no screwdriver or other manual adjustments required, and the calibration can be performed even in the presence of toxic gases. (safetysys.com)
  • Cyanide is more harmful to the heart and brain than to other organs because the heart and brain use a great deal of oxygen. (rxlist.com)
  • Contains theobromine, which can be toxic to dogs, especially in high amounts. (gumtree.com.au)
  • For additional information regarding MRLs, please contact the Division of Toxicology and Environmental Medicine, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, 1600 Clifton Road NE, Mailstop F-32, Atlanta, Georgia 30333. (cdc.gov)
  • Any predator that messes with these toxic fish learns the hard way that their tissues are loaded with tetrodotoxin, one of the most deadly poisons on the planet. (discovermagazine.com)
  • However, none of the toxic load models that we considered fits the experimental data for the novel, time-varying exposures well, with the average concentration and Griffiths-Megson models providing the least inaccurate casualty predictions. (inderscience.com)
  • Cyanide is a rapidly lethal agent when used in enclosed spaces where high concentrations can be achieved easily. (medscape.com)
  • Once absorbed, cyanide enters the bloodstream and is distributed rapidly to all organs and tissues in the body. (medscape.com)
  • Hydrogen cyanide is a highly toxic substance. (multi-gasdetector.com)
  • Each substance identified in this section has been determined by the State Board to be a toxic air contaminant as defined in Health and Safety Code section 39655. (ca.gov)
  • Cyanide enters water, soil, or air as a result of both natural processes and industrial activities. (rxlist.com)
  • Formyl cyanide is a simple organic compound with the formula HCOCN and structure HC(=O)−C≡N. It is simultaneously a nitrile (R−C≡N) and an aldehyde (R−CH=O). Formyl cyanide is the simplest member of the acyl cyanide family. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cherries themselves are not toxic to dogs-including black cherries. (petmd.com)
  • Maraschino cherries aren't toxic to dogs, but they aren't a healthy treat, either. (petmd.com)
  • Cook has reported that the earliest efforts to set an OEL were directed at carbon monoxide (CO), the toxic gas to which more persons are occupationally exposed than any other. (cdc.gov)
  • Atmospheric Chemistry of Toxic Contaminants. (wikipedia.org)
  • Substances Identified As Toxic Air Contaminants. (ca.gov)
  • Folk remedies and foods may contain toxic plants or other ingredients that can be poisonous when ingested. (cdc.gov)
  • Cyanide prevents the cells of the body from getting oxygen. (rxlist.com)
  • Consequently, the tissues with the highest oxygen requirements (brain and heart) are the most profoundly affected by acute cyanide poisoning. (medscape.com)
  • Certain bacteria, fungi, and algae can produce cyanide, and cyanide is found in a number of foods and plants. (cdc.gov)
  • In fact, some synthetic polymers contain the same elements as natural polymers, exhibit the same burning characteristics, and produce the same products of combustion - many of which can be toxic. (firehouse.com)
  • According to section 39655 of the California Health and Safety Code , a toxic air contaminant (TAC) is "an air pollutant which may cause or contribute to an increase in mortality or an increase in serious illness, or which may pose a present or potential hazard to human health. (ca.gov)
  • Prominent government glacier researcher and four former Argentine environment secretaries charged with negligence in glacier studies that allegedly resulted in mine toxic spills. (mongabay.com)
  • Grinding apples and pressing them for apple juice or apple cider wouldn't release enough cyanide to be a problem. (pickyourown.org)
  • If the cyanide release was outside, move away from the area where the cyanide was released. (rxlist.com)
  • If the cyanide release was indoors, get out of the building. (rxlist.com)
  • Chewing the pits can release cyanide contained in the seed in the middle of the pit. (petmd.com)
  • Other alleged military uses of cyanide include Japanese attacks on China before and during World War II and Iraqi attacks on Kurds in the 1980s. (medscape.com)
  • Potential risks include drug interactions, threats to personal safety due to inebriation, and toxic effects. (cdc.gov)