This study describes a patient with paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration, who presented acute vestibular syndrome and then episodically developed horizontal gaze-evoked nystagmus and gait ataxia. (e-rvs.org)
The acute manifestation of vertigo and imbalance in our patient made more likely a diagnosis of acute vestibular syndrome rather than degenerative or neoplastic etiologies. (e-rvs.org)
Vertigo4
Central vertigo may have accompanying neurologic deficits (such as slurred speech and double vision), and pathologic nystagmus (which is pure vertical/torsional). (wikipedia.org)
Most common clinical presentations are sound or pressure induce vertigo (Tullio's phenomenon, Hennebert sign), and torsional nystagmus. (kbb-bbc.org.tr)
En sık olarak, basınç veya ses ile indüklenmiş vertigo (Tullio fenomeni, Hennebert belirtisi) ve torsiyonel nistagmus görülür. (kbb-bbc.org.tr)
Examination on the 4th day from the vertigo onset found small horizontal nystagmus beating to left-down-counterclockwise direction in darkness ( Fig. 1A ), which increased just after horizontal head shaking. (e-rvs.org)
Pathology1
Superior semicircular canal dehiscence syndrome is a recently defined peripheral audiovestibular pathology. (kbb-bbc.org.tr)
Gaze6
Clinically, the characterization of nystagmus depends on a number of factors including: the degree of conjugacy, plane/s of oscillation, waveform, amplitude, frequency, direction/s of gaze, asymmetry and whether the nystagmus presents bilaterally or unilaterally. (medscape.com)
Many forms of acquired nystagmus may also be caused by disruptions of visual fixation, the vestibulo-ocular reflex and the mechanism that makes it possible to hold the gaze at eccentric eye positions. (medscape.com)
However, examination performed on the 12th day from the symptom onset found small rightbeat spontaneous nystagmus and gaze-evoked nystagmus during eccentric lateral gaze. (e-rvs.org)
Examination found no spontaneous nystagmus with and without fixation, but small left-downbeat nystagmus during leftward gaze. (e-rvs.org)
During the next 2 months, she showed distinct horizontal gaze-evoked nystagmus, dysarthria, and marked gait ataxia. (e-rvs.org)
Fixation2
A disorder affecting any of the three components involved in maintaining the steady positioning of the eyes (ie, visual fixation, the vestibulo-ocular reflex or the neural integrator) may result in nystagmus. (medscape.com)
Video-oculography showed right-down-clockwise beating spontaneous nystagmus without fixation and rightbeat head shaking nystagmus. (e-rvs.org)
Movements3
The Dix-Hallpike test typically produces a period of rapid eye movements known as nystagmus in this condition. (wikipedia.org)
[ 1 ] Nystagmus typically includes two movements: a slow first movement of the eye away from the visual target followed by a second, corrective movement that brings the eye back to the visual target. (medscape.com)
Cremer PD, Minor LB, Carey JP, Della Santina CC. Eye movements in patients with superior canal dehiscence syndrome align with the abnormal canal. (kbb-bbc.org.tr)
Hirvonen TP, Weg N, Zinreich SJ, Minor LB. High-resolution CT findings suggest a developmental abnormality underlying superior canal dehiscence syndrome. (kbb-bbc.org.tr)
Visual1
Congenital nystagmus (CN), also called infantile nystagmus, may be associated with afferent visual pathway abnormalities (sensory nystagmus) or with albinism, optic nerve hypoplasia or congenital cataracts. (medscape.com)
Infantile nystagmus3
Congenital nystagmus (CN), also called infantile nystagmus, may be associated with afferent visual pathway abnormalities (sensory nystagmus) or with albinism, optic nerve hypoplasia or congenital cataracts. (medscape.com)
Past studies have explored some of the associations between particular motor and sensory characteristics and specific categories of non-neurological infantile nystagmus. (nih.gov)
The records of 224 subjects with infantile nystagmus were examined, where 62% were idiopaths, 28% albinos, and 10% exhibited ocular anomalies. (nih.gov)
Positional nystagmus4
Both central and peripheral vestibular lesions can cause positional nystagmus and vertigo, and the examination focuses on distinguishing the two. (neuroophthalmology.ca)
Most central positional nystagmus is static, in that the nystagmus persists as long as the head is kept in the provoking position. (neuroophthalmology.ca)
Apart from the positional nystagmus, other routine clinical and laboratory tests of vestibular function in these patients are normal or reflect pre-existing vestibular pathology. (neuroophthalmology.ca)
Optokinetic nystagmus2
There may be limitation of voluntary saccade but preserved smooth pursuit, vestibulo-ocular response (VOR), and slow phase optokinetic nystagmus 1 . (eyewiki.org)
Most characteristically, initiation of saccade is limited or abolished while smooth pursuit and slow phase optokinetic nystagmus may be preserved. (eyewiki.org)
Lesion3
The characteristics of the nystagmus, as well as associated signs and symptoms, help to localize the lesion and suggest possible etiologies. (medscape.com)
A reported sensation of rotary movement that is accompanied by a nystagmus suggests a lesion involving the semicircular canals, while an illusion of linear acceleration indicates a disruption of the otoliths (utricle and saccule). (medscape.com)
In other patients, the pathologic lesion may be more central, resulting in central-type vestibular function test findings. (ejao.org)
Clinically1
Nystagmus can be clinically investigated by using a number of non-invasive standard tests. (juniperpublishers.com)
Vestibular function1
The video head impulse test (vHIT) and skull vibration-induced nystagmus (SVIN) are validated methods for evaluating vestibular function. (e-ceo.org)
Involuntary2
Nystagmus is defined as the involuntary, periodic rhythmic ocular oscillation of the eyes that can either be physiologic (may not affect vision) or pathologic. (medscape.com)
Nystagmus is a condition of involuntary eye movement, acquired in infancy or later in life, that may result in reduced or limited vision. (juniperpublishers.com)
Diagnosis1
The classic description of the nystagmus delineated the critical features to make this diagnosis (6). (neuroophthalmology.ca)
Neural1
A disorder affecting any of the three components involved in maintaining the steady positioning of the eyes (ie, visual fixation, the vestibulo-ocular reflex or the neural integrator) may result in nystagmus. (medscape.com)
Congenital2
Nystagmus may be congenital or acquired. (medscape.com)
Nystagmus may be caused by congenital disorders, acquired or central nervous system disorders, toxicity, pharmaceutical drugs or alcohol. (juniperpublishers.com)
Disorders1
Both focal and diffuse disorders may cause nystagmus. (medscape.com)
Occur1
To understand the mechanisms by which nystagmus may occur, it is important to discuss the means by which the nervous system maintains steady position of the eyes. (medscape.com)
Focuses1
4] The remainder of this article focuses on acquired nystagmus. (medscape.com)
Slow initi1
If the nystagmus has a slow initiating phase and a fast corrective phase it is termed jerk nystagmus. (medscape.com)
Head4
Some nystagmus is only evident with changes in head position with respect to gravity. (neuroophthalmology.ca)
The nystagmus is optimally provoked by rapidly lying the patient flat with the neck extended by 20 degrees and the head turned 45 degrees to one side (the Dix-Hallpike position). (neuroophthalmology.ca)
It is a mixed upbeat-torsional nystagmus, reflecting excitation of the posterior semicircular canal that is on the side of the head closest to the ground. (neuroophthalmology.ca)
Thus, with the head hanging left, it is more upbeat in the higher (right) eye and more counterclockwise torsional in the lower (left) eye. (neuroophthalmology.ca)
Vertical1
While EBNs responsible for horizontal saccade are located in the caudal pons, EBNs controlling vertical and torsional saccade are located in the rostral interstitial nucleus of the medial longitudinal fasciculus (riMLF) 11 . (eyewiki.org)
Direction1
Observations of the direction, latency and fatiguability of nystagmus are important diagnostically. (neuroophthalmology.ca)
Forms1
There are two key forms of Nystagmus: pathological and physiological, with variations within each type. (juniperpublishers.com)
Back1
A VOR followed by a rapid eye movement back to midline is vestibular nystagmus ( Figures 1 & 2 ). (juniperpublishers.com)
Movement1
1] Conversely, if the second corrective movement is slow, the nystagmus is termed pendular nystagmus and is commonly characterized with sinusoidal oscillations that are approximately of equal amplitude and velocity. (medscape.com)
Common1
By far the most common pattern of inheritance was found to be autosomal dominant (n = 40), with the nystagmus being observed by the age of 6 months in 87% of the sample (n = 128). (nih.gov)
Features1
however, cases with atypical features or in which the nystagmus cannot be documented should be investigated further. (neuroophthalmology.ca)