2002). The Enterococci: Pathogenesis, Molecular Biology, and Antibiotic Resistance. (wikipedia.org)
A team from St Jude's Hospital in Memphis, Tennessee have identified a genetic mutation within a VRE bacteria that appears to confer wide ranging antibiotic tolerance, particularly in a biofilm presentation. (bioquell.com)
The investigators genetically characterised the VRE isolate and found that the genome and plasmid makeup of the bacteria contained multiple antibiotic resistance systems and particularly a mutation in a gene called relA. (bioquell.com)
As expected, antibiotic fermentation producer was found as the predominant species in raw AFRs, which were collected at the outlet of fermentation tanks. (bvsalud.org)
Faecalis3
Important clinical infections caused by Enterococcus include urinary tract infections (see Enterococcus faecalis), bacteremia, bacterial endocarditis, diverticulitis, meningitis, and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. (wikipedia.org)
This study adds a further scary dimension to biofilms - mutations can occur that make these chemically tolerant bacterial communities resistant to all antibiotics. (bioquell.com)
Biofilms are bacterial communities that accumulate and attach to surfaces, including live tissues in humans. (outbreaknewstoday.com)
Human pathogens1
It is believed to provide a higher correlation than fecal coliform with many of the human pathogens often found in city sewage. (wikipedia.org)
Vancomycin3
In the last two decades, particularly virulent strains of Enterococcus that are resistant to vancomycin (vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus, or VRE) have emerged in nosocomial infections of hospitalized patients, especially in the US. (wikipedia.org)
A collaborative effort that included researchers from UF's departments of medicinal chemistry, molecular genetics and microbiology, and epidemiology helped to learn more about the special biofilm-eradicating compounds that are also effective against TB. (outbreaknewstoday.com)
Eradication2
Enterococci are able to form biofilm in the prostate gland, making their eradication difficult. (wikipedia.org)
HP compounds not only proved effective in eradication efforts but also selectively targeted the biofilms without breaking down the encasing cell membrane of healthy human cells. (outbreaknewstoday.com)
Occur1
Enterococci are gram-positive cocci that often occur in pairs (diplococci) or short chains, and are difficult to distinguish from streptococci on physical characteristics alone. (wikipedia.org)
Resistant3
Some enterococci are intrinsically resistant to β-lactam-based antibiotics (penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems), as well as many aminoglycosides. (wikipedia.org)
In summary the relA mutation conferred a disadvantage in the bacteria's ability to form a biofilm, but the biofilm that did form was highly resistant to antibiotics. (bioquell.com)
The series of compounds known as the halogenated phenazines, or HPs, can kill dangerous bacterial biofilms present in recurring and chronic bacterial infections such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, or MRSA. (outbreaknewstoday.com)
Chronic3
New epidemiological evidence has shown that enterococci are major infectious agent in chronic bacterial prostatitis. (wikipedia.org)
Biofilm infections affect almost every tissue in the body, and without a way to eliminate the biofilm, chronic and sometimes fatal infections develop over time. (outbreaknewstoday.com)
Common biofilm infections include pneumonia in cystic fibrosis patients, chronic wounds and implant- and catheter-associated infections. (outbreaknewstoday.com)
Infections1
We have been aware that biofilms greatly contribute to infections over the past 20 years, but there are no biofilm-eradicating therapeutic agents available. (outbreaknewstoday.com)
Present1
Biofilms are present within the hospital environment and due to their protective matrix of extracellular polymeric substances pose a significant challenge to elimination by chemical disinfectants. (bioquell.com)
Though they are not capable of forming spores, enterococci are tolerant of a wide range of environmental conditions: extreme temperature (10-45 °C), pH (4.6-9.9), and high sodium chloride concentrations. (wikipedia.org)
Cell3
Prior to his study, most compounds that have been able to kill biofilms operate by punching holes in cell membranes, Huigens said. (outbreaknewstoday.com)
Previous biofilm-eradicating compounds have been difficult to develop as they destroy cell membranes of both bacterial cells and healthy human cells," he said. (outbreaknewstoday.com)
Our discovery offers the potential for future drug therapies to selectively target the cells within biofilms without killing human cell types. (outbreaknewstoday.com)
Hospital1
Lebreton F, Manson AL, Saavedra JT, Straub TJ, Earl AM, Gilmore MS (2017) Tracing the Enterococci from Paleozoic origins to the hospital. (wikipedia.org)
Resistant to vancomycin2
In the last two decades, particularly virulent strains of Enterococcus that are resistant to vancomycin (vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus, or VRE) have emerged in nosocomial infections of hospitalized patients, especially in the US. (wikipedia.org)
[ 401 ] In the USA, according to the National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) in 2006-2007, [ 6 ] overall 33% of enterococci were resistant to vancomycin and other recent estimates confirm the diffusion. (medscape.com)
Gallinarum1
Molecular studies on VRE have documented at least six acquired resistance types ( VanA , VanB , VanD , VanE , VanG and VanL ) and an additional type that is intrinsic to Enterococcus casseliflavus/flavescens and Enterococcus gallinarum . (medscape.com)
Antibiotics2
Bacterial biofilms housing dormant persister cells are innately tolerant to antibiotics and disinfectants, yet several membrane-active agents are known to eradicate tolerant bacterial cells. (nih.gov)
Some enterococci are intrinsically resistant to β-lactam-based antibiotics (penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems), as well as many aminoglycosides. (wikipedia.org)
Concentrations1
Though they are not capable of forming spores, enterococci are tolerant of a wide range of environmental conditions: extreme temperature (10-45 °C), pH (4.6-9.9), and high sodium chloride concentrations. (wikipedia.org)
Pathogens1
It is believed to provide a higher correlation than fecal coliform with many of the human pathogens often found in city sewage. (wikipedia.org)
Bacterial1
New epidemiological evidence has shown that enterococci are major infectious agent in chronic bacterial prostatitis. (wikipedia.org)
Organisms1
Enterococci are facultative anaerobic organisms, i.e., they are capable of cellular respiration in both oxygen-rich and oxygen-poor environments. (wikipedia.org)
Clinical1
During the last three decades, resistance to glycopeptides has progressively emerged as a major clinical issue, and nowdays resistnace rates of 80% have been reported for E. faecium in some areas. (medscape.com)
Problem1
Find support for a specific problem in the support section of our website. (mdpi.com)