• DUTP pyrophosphatase, also known as DUT, is an enzyme which in humans is encoded by the DUT gene on chromosome 15. (wikipedia.org)
  • In humans, this gene encodes a homotrimeric enzyme with two isoforms characterized by their distinct subcellular localizations: the nuclear isoform (DUT-N) and mitochondrial isoform (DUT-M). Northern blot analysis reveals distinct mRNA transcripts for DUT-N (1.1 kb) and DUT-M (1.4 kb). (wikipedia.org)
  • Information from studies of exposed humans and laboratory animals indicates that absorbed CDDs are distributed preferentially to fatty tissues and to a lesser extent, the liver (ATSDR 1998). (cdc.gov)
  • At the same time, arsenide trioxide and 5-azacitidine are associated with the inhibition of cellular proliferation of acute leukemia cells and also promote the elevated expression of TGF- β signaling pathway-linked proteins, including TGF- β , Smad2, Smad3, and Smad4. (hindawi.com)
  • ECM consists of proteins and polysaccharides distributed in many different tissues of the body. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Note that by convention gene names are italicized and the proteins they make are not. (cancerquest.org)
  • This study indicates that treatment with the highly diluted homeopathic remedies does not alter the gene expression in primary prostate tumors or in lung metastasis. (nih.gov)
  • This is supported by studies in knockout mice showing development of soft-tissue sarcomas, ovarian stromal cell tumors and a high sensitivity to carcinogenic treatments. (cancerindex.org)
  • membranous co-expression of CADM1 and LATS2 in lung tumors predicts good prognosis. (cancerindex.org)
  • research shows that about 90% of the blood system of malignant tumors with at least the height of single gene methylation is closely related since this is a reversible process of genetic modification can be through to handle to restore the normal expression of gene methylation, to achieve the purpose of prevention and treatment of tumor [ 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Chronic inflammation is connected to neoplastic transformation, and it is known that patients with autoimmune diseases have increased risks for some types of tumors [ 3 , 4 ], with neoplastic transformation often occurring [ 5 - 8 ]. (medsci.org)
  • Expression profiling was carried out on samples of 7 benign, 7 LMP and 28 invasive (moderate and poorly differentiated) serous tumors and four whole normal ovaries using oligonucleotide microarrays representing over 21,000 genes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Five genes that were differentially expressed between invasive and either benign or normal tissues were validated by real time PCR in an independent panel of 46 serous tumors (4 benign, 7 LMP, 35 invasive). (biomedcentral.com)
  • To identify genes associated with neoplastic progression in the serous subtype of ovarian tumors, we compared gene expression in tissues that exhibited the spectrum of tumor behavior, namely benign, low malignant potential (LMP) and invasive. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In order to clarify the molecular relationships among the spectrum of serous ovarian tumors, we compared gene expression profiles of 7 LMP and 28 invasive (moderate and poorly differentiated or Grade 2 and Grade 3) serous ovarian tumors with two different reference groups: 7 serous benign ovarian tumors and four normal whole ovary specimens. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Forty-two tumors (7 benign cystadenomas/cystadenofibromas, 7 LMP and 28 invasive (moderate and poorly differentiated or G2 and G3) tumors) and four normal ovarian samples were initially selected for analysis (Table 1 , see Additional file 1 for detailed information on tissues analyzed by microarray analysis). (biomedcentral.com)
  • This comparison demonstrates a clear imprint of developmental gene expression in a wide range of tumors and with respect to different, even non-cognate developmental backgrounds. (jax.org)
  • Both the ontogeny and the regulated expression of the arginase isozymes are being studied in a variety of developmental and adult systems and in certain malignant tumors in which their expression is induced. (uclahealth.org)
  • Together with the uniform over-expression of GCC in human tumors, and the standard of care in which hormone deficiencies are treated by replacement therapy, the role of GCC as a tumor suppressor underscores the potential of oral administration of GCC ligands for targeted prevention and therapy of colorectal cancer. (jefferson.edu)
  • Specific tissue miRs are shown to be promising prognostic biomarkers in patients with CRC, given their strong association with the prognostic aspects of these tumors, however, new studies are necessary to establish the sensibility and specificity of the miRs in order to use them in clinical practice. (biorxiv.org)
  • Our experimental focus is on the mammalian setting using multiomics, informatics, mouse genetics, human genetics, single cell studies, and new human tissue platforms. (stanford.edu)
  • These new models, which we term Multi-Functional Human Tissue Genetics, allow up to 10 alleles or more to be altered simultaneously, permitting genetic experiments with an unprecedented degree of rapidity and complexity. (stanford.edu)
  • To address this and to also study the oncogenic potential of unregulated function of dominant regulators of epithelial homeostasis noted above, we developed Multi-Functional Human Tissue Genetics noted above which, when combined with skin tissue regeneration on immune deficient mice, has permitted the molecular reconstruction of events sufficient to trigger human cancer. (stanford.edu)
  • This gene encodes an essential enzyme of nucleotide metabolism. (wikipedia.org)
  • Since many chemotherapeutic agents such as 5-fluorouracil treat neoplastic diseases, including head and neck cancer, breast cancer, and gastrointestinal cancer, by targeting TS in thymidylate metabolism, DUT may protect against the cytotoxic side effects by countering dUTP accumulation. (wikipedia.org)
  • It is shown that reactive oxygen species metabolism and oxidative stress responsive genes are deregulated. (nature.com)
  • The term cancer describes a subset of neoplastic lesions. (mhmedical.com)
  • The multifunctional nuclear protein large T-antigen was detectable by immunohistochemical analyses in a subset of neoplastic cells. (cdc.gov)
  • Liu C, Pan Y, Li Q, Zhang Y. Bioinformatics analysis identified shared differentially expressed genes as potential biomarkers for Hashimoto's thyroiditis-related papillary thyroid cancer. (medsci.org)
  • Bioinformatics approaches can identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and analyze DEG functions in diseases. (medsci.org)
  • Transcriptomic analysis on 72 h-exposed fetal testis explants revealed 187 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including genes involved in steroid synthesis and toxic substance response. (biomedcentral.com)
  • As stated in the introduction to this section, the defective versions of these genes, known as oncogenes, can cause a cell to divide in an unregulated manner. (cancerquest.org)
  • The BRAF gene belongs to a class of genes known as oncogenes. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Objectives: Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is an effective procedure for the en bloc resection of colorectal neoplasms. (bvsalud.org)
  • 2015. Cytochrome P450 1b1 in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-induced skin carcinogenesis: Tumorigenicity of individual PAHs and coal-tar extract, DNA adduction and expression of select genes in the Cyp1b1 knockout mouse. . (oregonstate.edu)
  • BackgroundInvestigations of colorectal carcinogenesis have mainly focused on examining neoplastic tissue. (ku.dk)
  • The most commonly lost gene products in colorectal carcinogenesis include guanylin and uroguanylin, the endogenous ligands for guanylyl cyclase C (GCC, GUCY2C), the intestinal receptor for diarrheagenic bacterial enterotoxins. (jefferson.edu)
  • 2005. Alpha-tocopherol modulates Cyp3a expression, increases gamma-CEHC production, and limits tissue gamma-tocopherol accumulation in mice fed high gamma-tocopherol diets. . (oregonstate.edu)
  • Elimination of GCC expression in mice (GCC-/-) increased crypt length along a decreasing rostral-caudal gradient by disrupting component homeostatic processes. (jefferson.edu)
  • Using AP-1-luciferase reporter transgenic mice models, an obvious increased AP-1 activity was detected in dermal tissue after exposure to TiO2 NPs for 24 h. (cdc.gov)
  • Of the 30,000 or so genes that are currently thought to exist in the human genome , there is a small subset that seems to be particularly important in the prevention, development, and progression of cancer. (cancerquest.org)
  • We found that the total transcript level per cell and the expression of most individual genes correlated with progression through the cell cycle, but not with cell size. (frontiersin.org)
  • We then correlated the prognostic utility of the identified markers to outcomes within gene expression and formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue datasets. (nih.gov)
  • Staining of formalin-fixed tissues requires boiling tissue sections in 10mM citrate buffer, pH6.0, for 10-20 minutes followed by cooling at RT for 20 min. (thermofisher.com)
  • This was assessed in prostate cancer tissues, extracted from animals responsive to these drugs, using ribonuclease protection assay or reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. (nih.gov)
  • Abnormal DUT expression and localization has been speculated to promote cancer transformation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cancer is a disease characterized by genomic mutation, modified gene expression, cell proliferation, and aberrant cell growth. (mhmedical.com)
  • Authors describe an analysis of DNA methylation level in endometrial cancer tissues compared to DNA methylation level in normal or hyperplastic endometrium. (cnrs.fr)
  • Castration radiosensitizes prostate cancer tissue by impairing DNA double-strand break repair. (ox.ac.uk)
  • We biopsied patients at diagnosis and before and after castration and radiotherapy treatments to monitor androgen receptor, NHEJ, and DSB repair in verified cancer tissue. (ox.ac.uk)
  • We show that patients receiving neoadjuvant castration treatment before radiotherapy had reduced amounts of the NHEJ protein Ku70, impaired radiotherapy-induced NHEJ activity, and higher amounts of unrepaired DSBs, measured by γ-H2AX foci in cancer tissues. (ox.ac.uk)
  • This study demonstrates that chemical castration impairs NHEJ activity in prostate cancer tissue, explaining the improved response of patients with prostate cancer to radiotherapy after chemical castration. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Additionally, HT patients have a high risk of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), which is probably related to the chronic inflammation and autoimmune pathologic process occurring in HT, as it is thought to be associated with neoplastic transformation. (medsci.org)
  • The glucose transporter isoform 1 (GLUT1) gene encodes a key rate-limiting factor in glucose transport into cancer cells. (uni-regensburg.de)
  • However, its expression level and functional significance in hepatocellular cancer (HCC) are still disputed. (uni-regensburg.de)
  • Over-expression of WNT7A in an ovarian cancer cell line led to increased migration and invasive capacity. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)
  • Tissue-specific detargeting by miRNAs has been demonstrated to be a potent strategy to restrict adenoviral replication to cancer cells. (oncotarget.com)
  • However, it remains unclear whether such a relationship is a universal feature of malignancy, whether heterogeneities exist in the developmental component of different tumor types and to which degree the resemblance between cancer and development is a tissue-specific phenomenon. (jax.org)
  • CONCLUSION: This systematic and quantitative overview of the relationship between the neoplastic and developmental transcriptome spanning dozens of tissues provides a reliable outline of global trends in cancer gene expression, reveals potentially clinically relevant differences in the gene expression of different cancer types and represents a reference framework for interpretation of smaller-scale functional studies. (jax.org)
  • Further, we correlated γ-H2AX expression in breast cancer tumor tissues with telomere length. (rug.nl)
  • Further, we correlated γ-H2AX expression in breast cancer tumor tissues with telomere length.RESULTS: γ-H2AX positive breast cancer cells exhibit more mutations, and - when p53 mutated - have shorter telomeres. (rug.nl)
  • Expression of arginase II in prostate cancer. (uclahealth.org)
  • Even less clear is the nature of the interaction between cold plasmas and cancer tissue. (nature.com)
  • The expression of IL17A can increase the migration and invasiveness of cervical cancer cells by activating the NF-κB signal pathway. (geneticsmr.com)
  • Directed by this focus, we selected 18 genes that were previously found with altered expression in colorectal cancer affected mucosa.MethodsBiopsies of colonic mucosa were sampled from 27 patients referred for colonoscopy on suspicion of colorectal disease. (ku.dk)
  • A diagram showing the major cancer genes for some cancers. (cancerquest.org)
  • The larger the gene name, the more frequently that gene is defective in that cancer type. (cancerquest.org)
  • These genes have been found to be either malfunctioning or non-functioning in many different kinds of cancer. (cancerquest.org)
  • ALL cancers have lots of additional changes, the so-called 'passenger' mutations, that may contribute to the cancer, but are not the main genes. (cancerquest.org)
  • Angiogenesis - the formation of new blood vessels - occurs during tissue growth and development, but also during wound healing and cancer [1] , [2] . (plos.org)
  • An evolving paradigm expanding the genetic basis of cancer suggests that developmental programs indelibly imprint restricted repertoires of homeostasis, forming the substrate for lineage-dependent tumor induction by deregulation of tissue-specific survival pathways. (jefferson.edu)
  • The studies investigated the expression of 102 different miRs associated with prognostic aspects in colorectal cancer patients. (biorxiv.org)
  • On the other hand, the infiltration of organs by a monoclonal population of aberrant cells, the possibility of lethal evolution, and the cancer-based modalities of successful treatment are all consistent with a neoplastic process. (medscape.com)
  • A genetic alteration in the expression of ZIP1 zinc transporter is associated with this metabolic transformation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Considering the important role of activator protein-1 (AP-1) in regulating multiple genes involved in the cell proliferation and inflammation and the induction of neoplastic transformation, we aimed to evaluate the potency of TiO2 NPs (≤ 20 nm) on the activation of AP-1 signaling pathway and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in a mouse epidermal cell line, JB6 cells. (cdc.gov)
  • We herein demonstrated that CADM1 interacts with Hippo pathway core kinases and enhances the phosphorylation of YAP1, and also that the membranous co-expression of CADM1 and LATS2 predicts a favorable prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma. (cancerindex.org)
  • Our present research is aimed at studying the abnormal expression of GRHL2 and the association of methylation in patients with acute leukemia and its relationship with prognosis. (hindawi.com)
  • We analyzed the significant correlation between the expression level of GRHL2 with clinicopathological features and patients' prognosis in acute leukemia using the corresponding statistical methods. (hindawi.com)
  • Increased expression and methylation level of GRHL2 are closely associated with the prognosis and malignant phenotype of acute leukemia patients and play an irreplaceable role in the occurrence and development of patients with acute leukemia. (hindawi.com)
  • Neuroblastomas with poor prognosis are often characterized by 1p36 deletion, containing the kinesin gene KIF1B. (nus.edu.sg)
  • Furthermore, KRT14 expression is consistently associated with worse prognosis in both univariate and multivariate analyses. (nih.gov)
  • Several studies demonstrate important associations between differential expression of micro-RNAs (miRs) and the prognosis of CRC. (biorxiv.org)
  • It has been debated whether LCH is a reactive or neoplastic process, although the latter is now more commonly accepted. (medscape.com)
  • It has been debated whether LCH is a reactive or neoplastic process. (medscape.com)
  • The present study aimed to identify differentially expressed tissue miRs associated with prognostic factors in CRC patients, through a systematic review of the Literature. (biorxiv.org)
  • The authors investigated the effect of a homeopathic treatment regimen containing Conium maculatum, Sabal serrulata, Thuja occidentalis, and a MAT-LyLu Carcinosin nosode on the expression of cytokines and genes that regulate apoptosis. (nih.gov)
  • The therapeutic effect of homeopathic treatments observed in the in vivo experiments cannot be explained by mechanisms based on distinct alterations in gene expression related to apoptosis or cytokines. (nih.gov)
  • Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1) can be regulated by gp130 cytokines such as IL-6 and oncostatin M (OSM). (uea.ac.uk)
  • Overexpression of SLPI and WNT7A and down-regulation of C6orf31 , PDGFRA and GLTSCR2 were measured in invasive and LMP compared with benign and normal tissues. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Future research should explore subtle modulations in the expression of multiple genes in different biological pathways. (nih.gov)
  • Expressions were investigated for selected kinases in the extracellular signal-regulated kinase/mitogen activated protein kinase (ERK/MAPK), the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt, and the Wnt/-catenin pathways as well as for selected phosphatases and several entities associated with prostaglandin E2 (PGE(2)) signaling. (ku.dk)
  • What pathways are this gene/protein implicaed in? (cancerindex.org)
  • Estimation of DNA methylation level in endometrial neoplastic tissues compared to normal endometrial samples was the aim of this study. (cnrs.fr)
  • RESULTS: The median DNA methylation level was significantly higher in neoplastic tissues than in normal endometrium. (cnrs.fr)
  • article{, title = {[Estimation of DNA methylation level in nonendometrial uterus malignancies]}, author = { A. Popiela and M. S. Gabrys and J. Rabczynski and M. Panszczyk and G. Keith and W. Baranowski}, year = {2002}, date = {2002-01-01}, journal = {Ginekol Pol}, volume = {73}, number = {11}, pages = {962-5}, abstract = {OBJECTIVES: Rebuilding of genome structure leads to many pathological states including neoplastic malignancies. (cnrs.fr)
  • Exploiting large preexisting gene-expression databases, we developed a biologically supervised computational model to predict markers that correspond with BC differentiation. (nih.gov)
  • We found that keratin 14 (KRT14) marks the most primitive differentiation state that precedes KRT5 and KRT20 expression. (nih.gov)
  • Immunohistochemical analysis of a tissue microarray of 152 HCC cases revealed a significant correlation between Glut1 protein expression levels and a higher Ki-67 labeling index, advanced tumor stages, and poor differentiation. (uni-regensburg.de)
  • ECM environment provides appropriate conditions for cell growth, cell differentiation and survival of tissues. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This process is mediated by 2 mutually exclusive programs of gene expression: 1) an undifferentiated program supporting proliferation by stem cells within the basal layer and 2) a differentiation program instructing growth arrest and differentiation-associated programmed cell death in suprabasal layers. (stanford.edu)
  • We are currently pursuing studies of the dominant signaling and gene regulatory networks that control this process, including the Ras/MAPK cascade, which is required for stem cell-mediated self-renewal and the p53 transcription factor family member, p63, which is required for epidermal differentiation. (stanford.edu)
  • Both bioinformatics and RT-PCR analyses showed LTF and CCL21 to be upregulated in HT tissues and downregulated in PTC tissues. (medsci.org)
  • In conclusion, we provide useful experimental approaches and bioinformatics to identify informative and predictive genes at the single-cell level, which opens up new means to describe and understand cell proliferation and subpopulation dynamics. (frontiersin.org)
  • As director of the UCLA Medical Center's Diagnostic Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Grody can offer his trainees exposure to the latest clinical applications of molecular biology in the diagnosis of a wide range of genetic, neoplastic and infectious diseases as well as DNA fingerprinting. (uclahealth.org)
  • Analysis of gene expression in a developmental context emphasizes distinct biological leitmotifs in human cancers. (jax.org)
  • Finally, we identify a set of genes that are upregulated in most cancers and we show that this signature is active in early development. (jax.org)
  • AKT1, also known as v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1, is involved in the regulation of cell-survival and anti-apoptotic activities, which may affect the pathogenesis of various cancers. (geneticsmr.com)
  • Skin malignancies, including epidermal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), alone account for nearly as many cancers as all other tissues combined. (stanford.edu)
  • MATERIALS AND METHODS: Tissue samples from 9 women with tumor mixtus mesodermalis were collected. (cnrs.fr)
  • These expression patterns correspond with their roles in the DNA replication cycle of their respective genomes, and thus indicate different regulatory mechanisms affecting each isoform. (wikipedia.org)
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNA molecules with important regulatory roles in gene expression. (oncotarget.com)
  • Despite the differences in their normal roles, these genes all contribute to unregulated cell division if they are present in a mutant (oncogenic) form. (cancerquest.org)
  • The significance of loss of GCC ligands early in intestinal tumorigenesis remains obscure because (patho)physiological roles of GCC signaling in intestine, beyond regulation of intestinal fluid and electrolyte homeostasis, are poorly defined. (jefferson.edu)
  • This mutation leads to production of a BRAF protein that is abnormally active, which disrupts regulation of cell proliferation and may allow histiocytes to grow and divide uncontrollably, leading to the abnormal accumulation of histiocytes that occurs in Erdheim-Chester disease. (medlineplus.gov)
  • This mutation leads to production of a BRAF protein that is abnormally active, which disrupts regulation of cell proliferation. (medlineplus.gov)
  • R software was used in this study to identify DEGs in HT and PTC using data in Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). (medsci.org)
  • According to the PPI network, PTPN6 , HLA-A , C3AR1 , LCK and ITGB2 are hub genes among HT-DEGs, whereas FN1 , CDH2 , SERPINA1 , and CYR61 are PTC-DEG hub genes. (medsci.org)
  • This study aims to explore its mechanism by defining changes in gene expression between neoplastic and normal tissue samples before and after treatment. (karger.com)
  • Notably, DUT expression is regulated by the tumor suppressor gene p53 in order to promote apoptosis of tumor cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • These include regulation of cell cycle, activation of mitochondrial pathway, induction of mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization, induction of apoptosis, modulation of oxidative stress, amelioration of inflammation, modulation of insulin signaling and inhibition of angiogenesis. (mdpi.com)
  • CDDs are slowly metabolized in mammalian tissues via oxidation and reductive dechlorination reactions catalyzed by cytochrome P450 enzymes, followed by conjugation to more polar molecules such as glutathione and glucuronic acid (ATSDR 1998). (cdc.gov)
  • Any discrete, presumably solitary, mass of neoplastic PLASMA CELLS either in BONE MARROW or various extramedullary sites. (lookformedical.com)
  • Bone marrow is made up of a framework of connective tissue containing branching fibers with the frame being filled with marrow cells. (lookformedical.com)
  • Polymerase chain reaction deletion analysis of the murine TIMP-1 proximal promoter in chloramphenicol acetyltransferase reporter gene constructs identified an AP-1 element (-59/-53) that allows maximal responsiveness to OSM in HepG2 cells. (uea.ac.uk)
  • We found that cytoplasmic linker protein 170 (CLIP170) was overexpressed in HNSCC tissues and cells compared to normal controls. (nih.gov)
  • Accordingly, suppression of GLUT1 expression by siRNA significantly impaired both the growth and migratory potential of HCC cells. (uni-regensburg.de)
  • Hypoxic conditions further increased GLUT1 expression levels in HCC cells, and this induction was dependent on the activation of the transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha. (uni-regensburg.de)
  • In summary, our findings suggest that increased GLUT1 expression levels in HCC cells functionally affect tumorigenicity, and thus, we propose GLUT1 as an innovative therapeutic target for this highly aggressive tumor. (uni-regensburg.de)
  • Genes whose protein products stimulate or enhance the division and viability of cells. (cancerquest.org)
  • Clinical studies in bladder tissue of KIC patients have shown increases in the infiltration of eosinophil and mast cells as well as serum immunoglobulin (Ig)E level, which displayed an association with hypersensitivity and/or allergic reactions ( 7 , 8 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • In that context, differentiated enterocytes in villi exhibit higher guanylin expression and ligand-dependent cGMP accumulation compared to proliferating progenitor cells in crypts. (jefferson.edu)
  • Specifically, a variety of other cellular populations have been identified that possess phenotypic characteristics similar to Langerhans cells, including expression of CD207 and Birbeck granules. (medscape.com)
  • Therefore, in addition to epidermal Langerhans cells, other potential cellular origins for LCH include dermal langerin + dendritic cells, lymphoid tissue-resident langerin + dendritic cells, and monocytes that can be induced by local environmental stimuli to acquire a Langerhans cell phenotype. (medscape.com)
  • Here, we used quantitative real-time PCR, profiling the expression of 93 genes in single-cells from three different cell lines. (frontiersin.org)
  • By applying the random forests algorithm, a supervised machine learning approach, we show how a multi-gene signature that classifies individual cells into their correct cell cycle phase and cell size can be generated. (frontiersin.org)
  • Detailed analysis of cell cycle predictive genes allowed us to define subpopulations with distinct gene expression profiles and to calculate a cell cycle index that illustrates the transition of cells between cell cycle phases. (frontiersin.org)
  • Folates are present in natural foods and tissues as polyglutamates because these forms serve to keep the folates within cells. (medscape.com)
  • This rare condition is characterized by the abnormal production and accumulation of immune system cells called histiocytes in many of the body's tissues. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The BRAF gene mutation that causes this condition is somatic, meaning that it occurs during a person's lifetime and is present only in certain cells. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Additional gene mutations in cells within the nevus after birth can lead to melanoma in people with giant congenital melanocytic nevus. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Then we investigated the demethylating effect of arsenic trioxide and 5-azacitidine on the mRNA and protein expression levels of GRHL2 in cell lines of acute leukemia. (hindawi.com)
  • Using qPCR and Western blot technique, we investigated mRNA and protein expressions. (ku.dk)
  • Scope includes mutations and abnormal protein expression. (cancerindex.org)
  • A neoplasm is defined as a heritably altered, relatively autonomous growth of tissue with abnormal regulation of gene expression. (mhmedical.com)
  • This is in contrast with tumor suppressor genes which must BOTH be defective to lead to abnormal cell division. (cancerquest.org)
  • The altered signaling interferes with the normal development of many organs and tissues, resulting in the characteristic features of cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome. (medlineplus.gov)
  • HER2/neu (also called ERB B2 ) is the gene that encodes the human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2. (cancerquest.org)
  • These events are dependent on the proper levels of transcription and translation of certain genes. (cancerquest.org)
  • The gene product is a member of the nuclear hormone receptor family, a group of transcription factors regulated by small hydrophobic hormones, a subset of which do not have known ligands and are referred to as orphan nuclear receptors. (cancerindex.org)
  • transcription and translation and regulation of gene expression. (cap-acp.com)
  • The evidence for a concept of zinc as a tumor suppressor agent and Zip1 zinc transporter as a tumor-suppressor gene is described. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) can alter gene function and protein expression. (geneticsmr.com)
  • These results highlight several genes that may play an important role across the spectrum of serous ovarian tumorigenesis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • At least one mutation in the BRAF gene has been identified in some people with Erdheim-Chester disease. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The V600E mutation (described above) in the BRAF gene has also been found to cause giant congenital melanocytic nevus. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The BRAF gene mutations change single amino acids in the BRAF protein: One mutation replaces the amino acid threonine with the amino acid proline at position 241 (written as Thr241Pro or T241P) and the other mutation replaces the amino acid leucine with the amino acid phenylalanine at position 245 (written as Leu245Phe or L245F). (medlineplus.gov)
  • We used quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) for detecting the aberrant expression level of GRHL2 in 60 patients with acute leukemia and 60 normal controls. (hindawi.com)
  • Utilizing modern molecular biologic techniques such as the polymerase chain reaction, gene cloning and gene transfer, Dr. Wayne Grody's laboratory is involved in the elucidation, diagnosis and ultimately the treatment of single-gene defects at the molecular level. (uclahealth.org)
  • They act by binding to the 3'-untranslated region (3'UTR) of targeted messenger RNAs (mRNAs), promoting either mRNA cleavage or repression of gene expression at post-transcriptional level [ 2 ]. (oncotarget.com)
  • Besides classical gene regulation, miRNAs have emerged as post-transcriptional regulators of angiogenesis. (plos.org)
  • Phorbol 13-myristate 12-acetate could also induce c-Fos but could not regulate the TIMP-1 reporter gene constructs. (uea.ac.uk)
  • miRNAs comprise a large group of endogenous non-coding RNAs that can block mRNA translation or negatively regulate mRNA stability and thereby play a central role in regulating gene expression [10] , [11] . (plos.org)
  • Noncoding RNA sequences can regulate gene expression via interactions with epigenetic and other control mechanisms. (stanford.edu)
  • BACKGROUND: In recent years, the molecular underpinnings of the long-observed resemblance between neoplastic and immature tissue have begun to emerge. (jax.org)
  • Using human arginase deficiency, a defect in the urea cycle, as a model system, Grody and his colleagues are exploring, in close collaboration with the laboratory of Dr. Stephen Cederbaum, the molecular structure and tissue-specific regulation of the arginase genes in health and disease. (uclahealth.org)
  • Colonic mucosal contents of PGE(2) and PGE(2) metabolites were determined by use of ELISA.ResultsWe found up-regulation of ERK1, ERK2, Akt1, Akt2, PLA2G4A, prostanoid receptor EP3 and phosphatase scaffold subunit PPP2R1B mRNA expression in normal appearing colonic mucosa of CRN patients compared to controls.ConclusionPresent study supports that even normal appearing mucosa of CRN patients differs from that of non-CRN patients at a molecular level. (ku.dk)
  • This proposed CAP-ACP Virtual Education Series is an introduction to Molecular Genetic Pathology and covers core principles and applications in neoplastic disease. (cap-acp.com)
  • Describe biospecimen quality and tissue selection considerations (including tumor percentage) that impact molecular testing. (cap-acp.com)
  • The molecular consequence of translocation is overexpression of the protein cyclin D1 (coded by the PRAD1 gene located close to the breakpoint). (medscape.com)
  • We found significantly higher GLUT1 mRNA expression levels in HCC tissues and cell lines compared with primary human hepatocytes and matched nontumor tissue. (uni-regensburg.de)
  • Interestingly, TiO2 NPs increased the AP-1 activity via stimulating the expression of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) family members, including extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases (ERKs), p38 kinase, and C-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs). (cdc.gov)
  • During the development process, vimentin is exchanged for new, tissue-specific IFPs. (thermofisher.com)
  • The ECS, which is sensitive to phytocannabinoids, plays a fundamental physiological role in the brain and peripheral tissues, as well as in many pathological conditions [ 14 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • CONCLUSIONS: Authors conclude that neoplastic endometrial tissues show high DNA methylation rate compared to normal or hyperplastic endometrium. (cnrs.fr)
  • The isoforms are produced from alternative splicing at different 5' exons, with the first exon of DUT-N occurring 767 base pairs downstream of the first exon in DUT-M. Regulation at different promoters has been proposed to account for the differential expression of these isoforms. (wikipedia.org)
  • 687 genes differentiated tumor samples before and after treatment, among which 310 genes did not show the same differential expression in the placebo group or normal samples. (karger.com)
  • In addition, the lower GRHL2 expression group showed a significantly lower overall survival rate in acute leukemia patients than that of patients with a higher GRHL2 expression group. (hindawi.com)
  • Here, we showed that XAF1 low expression correlates with poor survival and disease status. (nus.edu.sg)
  • Genome-wide transcriptional profiling has revealed similar gene expression signatures in several tumor types and early developmental stages of their tissue of origin. (jax.org)
  • Here, we employed single-cell gene expression profiling to describe the dynamic transition between cell proliferative states in three different cell lines using a panel consisting of 93 marker genes. (frontiersin.org)
  • ERK1 may therefore be considered a potential candidate gene as predictive biomarker for developing CRN. (ku.dk)
  • To identify the most predictive genes we used a variable selection strategy. (frontiersin.org)
  • In this work, we have studied the feasibility of providing tissue-specific selectivity to replication-competent adenoviruses through the regulation of the late structural protein fiber (L5 gene). (oncotarget.com)
  • Depending on the molecules and testis age, highly deleterious effects of phytocannabinoid exposure were observed on testis tissue after 14 days, including Sertoli and germ cell death. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It is believed that the occurrence of leukemia is the result of genetic and epigenetic changes in protooncogene and tumor suppressor genes [ 8 ]. (hindawi.com)