- The α (alpha) subunit (i.e., chorionic gonadotropin alpha) is nearly identical to that of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). (wikipedia.org)
- Results: One female patient with deficiencies in growth hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormone, luteinizing hormone, and follicle-stimulating hormone and ectopic posterior pituitary gland contained a rare homozygous c.865G>A (p.Val289Ile) variant in CDH2. (bvsalud.org)
- This occurs through stimulation of six steps in thyroid hormone synthesis: (1) Up-regulating the activity of the sodium-iodide symporter (NIS) on the basolateral membrane of thyroid follicular cells, thereby increasing intracellular concentrations of iodine (iodine trapping). (wikipedia.org)
- 2) Stimulating iodination of thyroglobulin in the follicular lumen, a precursor protein of thyroid hormone. (wikipedia.org)
- Thyroid-stimulating hormone (also known as thyrotropin, thyrotropic hormone, or abbreviated TSH) is a pituitary hormone that stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroxine (T4), and then triiodothyronine (T3) which stimulates the metabolism of almost every tissue in the body. (wikipedia.org)
- It is a glycoprotein hormone produced by thyrotrope cells in the anterior pituitary gland, which regulates the endocrine function of the thyroid. (wikipedia.org)
- Pituitary hormone deficiency occurs in â ¼1:4,000 live births. (bvsalud.org)
- Approximately 3% of the cases are due to mutations in the alpha isoform of POU1F1, a pituitary-specific transcriptional activator. (bvsalud.org)
- The studies outlined in this grant proposal are firmly based on previous studies from this laboratory in which the gene for the murine TSH-beta subunit has been isolated and sequenced, its promoter-region characterized, the important functional cis-acting DNA elements identified, and the putative areas of protein-DNA interactions on the promoter determined. (grantome.com)
- For these studies, we will utilize another unique reagent developed in this laboratory, an isogenic alpha-TSH cell line which has lost the ability to express the TSH-beta subunit gene. (grantome.com)
- TSH is a glycoprotein and consists of two subunits, the alpha and the beta subunit. (wikipedia.org)
- The β (beta) subunit (TSHB) is unique to TSH, and therefore determines its receptor specificity. (wikipedia.org)
- The protein encoded by this gene is the beta subunit of thyroid stimulating hormone. (arigobio.cn)
- The alpha-subunit gene is expressed not only in TSH cells but also pituitary gonadotropes and placental chorionic gonadotropes. (grantome.com)
- 13. Localization of promoter sequences required for thyrotropin-releasing hormone and thyroid hormone responsiveness of the glycoprotein hormone alpha-gene in primary cultures of rat pituitary cells. (nih.gov)
- Thyrotropin (TSH) is the pituitary glycoprotein hormone which controls the growth and function of the thyroid gland. (grantome.com)
- It is produced solely by thyrotrope cells, one of five terminally differentiated pituitary cell types. (grantome.com)
- Thyroid-stimulating hormone (also known as thyrotropin, thyrotropic hormone, or abbreviated TSH) is a pituitary hormone that stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroxine (T4), and then triiodothyronine (T3) which stimulates the metabolism of almost every tissue in the body. (wikipedia.org)
- It is a glycoprotein hormone produced by thyrotrope cells in the anterior pituitary gland, which regulates the endocrine function of the thyroid. (wikipedia.org)
- Identification of THY1 as a novel thyrotrope marker and THY1 antibody-mediated thyrotrope isolation in the rat anterior pituitary gland. (arigobio.cn)
- Pituitary hormone deficiency occurs in â ¼1:4,000 live births. (bvsalud.org)
- Approximately 3% of the cases are due to mutations in the alpha isoform of POU1F1, a pituitary-specific transcriptional activator. (bvsalud.org)
- 17. Transcription of the human thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor gene-analysis of basal promoter elements and glucocorticoid response elements. (nih.gov)
- The hypothalamus, in the base of the brain, produces thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). (wikipedia.org)
- 12. Glucocorticoids induce human glycoprotein hormone alpha-subunit gene expression in the gonadotrope. (nih.gov)
- The TSH molecule is composed of two nonidentical glycosylated subunits, alpha and TSHbeta, which are noncovalently associated. (grantome.com)
- 4. Multiple characteristics of a pentameric regulatory array endow the human alpha-subunit glycoprotein hormone promoter with trophoblast specificity and maximal activity. (nih.gov)
- The alpha subunits of these hormones are identical, however, their beta chains are unique and confer biological specificity. (arigobio.cn)
- TSH (with a half-life of about an hour) stimulates the thyroid gland to secrete the hormone thyroxine (T4), which has only a slight effect on metabolism. (wikipedia.org)
- T4 is converted to triiodothyronine (T3), which is the active hormone that stimulates metabolism. (wikipedia.org)
- Thyroid stimulating hormone functions in the control of thyroid structure and metabolism. (arigobio.cn)
- Therapy focuses upon either definitive treatments such as radioiodide and thyroidectomy, or, as discussed below, the administration of drugs that reduce the synthesis, secretion, metabolism, and/or action of thyroid hormone. (veteriankey.com)
- goitrogenic substances are compounds that interfere with thyroid hormone synthesis by the thyroid gland. (veteriankey.com)
- Thyroid hormones are the only iodinated organic compounds in the body with the two major secretory products of the thyroid gland, thyroxine (L-T 4 ) and 3,5,3′-triiodothyronine (L-T 3 ) containing 65% and 59% iodine, respectively. (veteriankey.com)
- Hyperthyroidism or thyrotoxicosis is caused by excessive concentrations of the circulating thyroid hormones, thyroxine (T 4 ) and triiodothyronine (T 3 ), most commonly the result of hyperplastic or benign adenomatous malignant thyroid glands in cats and adenocarcinomas in dogs. (veteriankey.com)
- We will then analyze the role of our newly discovered thyrotrope-specific variant isoform of the Pit-1 protein. (grantome.com)
- 1. Repression of the human glycoprotein hormone alpha-subunit gene by glucocorticoids: evidence for receptor interactions with limiting transcriptional activators. (nih.gov)
- 3. A rapid interference between glucocorticoids and cAMP-activated signalling in hypothalamic neurones prevents binding of phosphorylated cAMP response element binding protein and glucocorticoid receptor at the CRE-Like and composite GRE sites of thyrotrophin-releasing hormone gene promoter. (nih.gov)
- 6. Enhancer and promoter element interactions dictate cyclic adenosine monophosphate mediated and cell-specific expression of the glycoprotein hormone alpha-gene. (nih.gov)
- 11. Composite glucocorticoid regulation at a functionally defined negative glucocorticoid response element of the human corticotropin-releasing hormone gene. (nih.gov)
- 18. Negative regulation of the thyroid-stimulating hormone alpha gene by thyroid hormone: receptor interaction adjacent to the TATA box. (nih.gov)
- Our proposed investigations will be to first define the DNA sequences contained in the functionally most important footprint of the TSH-beta promoter which are responsible for thyrotrope-specific expression of this gene. (grantome.com)
- In addition, hCG shows some cross-reactivity to the TSH receptor and therefore can stimulate production of thyroid hormones. (wikipedia.org)
- This occurs through stimulation of six steps in thyroid hormone synthesis: (1) Up-regulating the activity of the sodium-iodide symporter (NIS) on the basolateral membrane of thyroid follicular cells, thereby increasing intracellular concentrations of iodine (iodine trapping). (wikipedia.org)
- 2) Stimulating iodination of thyroglobulin in the follicular lumen, a precursor protein of thyroid hormone. (wikipedia.org)
- 5. Negative glucorticoid regulation of cyclic adenosine 3', 5'-monophosphate-stimulated corticotropin-releasing hormone-reporter expression in AtT-20 cells. (nih.gov)
- The α subunit is thought to be the effector region responsible for stimulation of adenylate cyclase (involved the generation of cAMP). (wikipedia.org)