AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesPhenomena and Processes
Tuberculosis, OsteoarticularTuberculosisTuberculosis, PulmonarySpinal CordMycobacterium tuberculosisSpinal Cord InjuriesOsteosarcomaBone and BonesOsteoporosisBone NeoplasmsBone RemodelingBone DensityJoints
SpineMycobacteriumDeformityCENTERS FOR DISEASInfectionOsteomyelitisVertebraeLower thoracicKyphosisLumbar Spinal SPosteriorInstabilityPyogenicEpidemiologyInvolvementPulmonaryGranulomatousStenosisAdultsScoliosisPott'sDiagnosisExtrapulmonaryAbnormalitiesMyelopathyDisordersOrgansSeverePrevalenceDeformitiesNervesClinicalEpiduralKyphoticFractureBonesSurgerySymptomsMuscularInjuriesInfectiousTumorDecompressionInvolvesOperativeFixationDiseasesDiagnostic
Spine27
  • The spine- the thoracic spine, in particular, is the most common extrapulmonary site to be infected by TB. (cessspinemumbai.com)
  • Pott's disease is the slow haematogenous spread (spread through the blood) of tuberculosis to the neighbouring sites, particularly the spine. (cessspinemumbai.com)
  • After one contracts tuberculosis the bacterium can travel through the blood from the lungs or lymph nodes into the bones, spine, or joints. (cessspinemumbai.com)
  • The signs of scoliosis can include: Uneven musculature on one side of the spine Rib prominence or a prominent shoulder blade, caused by rotation of the rib cage in thoracic scoliosis Uneven posture Heart and lung problems in severe cases Calcium deposits in the cartilage end-plate and sometimes in the disc itself People who have reached skeletal maturity are less likely to have a worsening case. (wikipedia.org)
  • Pyogenic infections of the spine most frequently involve the lumbar spine (58%), followed by the thoracic (30%) and cervical (11%) regions. (wheelessonline.com)
  • Spine infections are rare infections that can involve the intervertebral disc space (discitis), the vertebral bones, the spinal canal or adjacent soft tissues. (wheelessonline.com)
  • CASE: This report describes 3 cases of Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) of the cervical and thoracic spine in patients aged 4 to 10 years. (bvsalud.org)
  • Imaging: MRI of D/L spine with screening of whole spine shows T1 hypo & T2 hyperintense signal change with heterogenous contrast enhancement at D4 & D5 vertebral bodies and intervening intervertebral disc with almost complete collapse of D5 vertebral body with similar signal intensity pre and para vertebral soft tissue swelling at the same level with epidural extension causing spinal canal stenosis with cord compression and bilateral nerve root compression. (jmedcasereportsimages.org)
  • Note that the spinal cord level doesn't line up precisely with the corresponding vertebrae, especially caudal to the thoracic spine. (emcrit.org)
  • Lhermitte's sign (an electric-shock sensation elicited by neck flexion that runs down the spine and sometimes into the limbs) suggests involvement of the posterior columns of the cervical spinal cord. (emcrit.org)
  • Thoracic (dorsal) spine. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Posterior element involvement of the spine with tuberculosis (TB) is very uncommon. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
  • The anteroposterior X-rays of the thoracic spine showed that the T7 vertebral body was scalloped on the left side, and there erosion of the T7 left pedicle and adjoining rib [ Figure 1 ]. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
  • Anteroposterior (a) and lateral (b) radiographs of thoracic spine showed scalloping of the T7 vertebral body on the left lateral aspect along with nonvisualization of the left pedicle and erosion of the adjoining rib. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
  • The natural and holistic Ayurveda treatment at our Sakalya Ayurveda Spine Clinic is scientific, authentic, contemporary, time-tested, safe and effective and always instills renewed confidence in spine affected persons by offering non-surgical care for spinal disorders and recommending surgery promptly wherever necessary. (sakalya.com)
  • The key functions of the spine is maintaining postural balance, providing key attachment point for important muscle groups and protecting the vital spinal cord. (sakalya.com)
  • Anatomically the 33 bones named alphanumerically that make up the spine is divided into 5 regions as cervical (7), thoracic (12), lumbar (5), sacral (5) and coccyx (4) regions. (sakalya.com)
  • The spine has four curvatures cervical, thoracic, lumbar and sacral. (sakalya.com)
  • Any deformity caused either by intrinsic or extrinsic factors in the structure, alignment, curvature, nutrition and bone material of the spine can lead to spinal disorders which are capable of destabilizing, disabling and immobilizing a person's neurological activities and total health. (sakalya.com)
  • Sakalya Ayurveda Spine Clinic offers a comprehensive customized holistic Ayurveda centered long lasting solution to spinal disorders. (sakalya.com)
  • The gibbus deformity is the structural form of thoracolumbar kyphosis, which leads to the formation of a sharp curvature or angulation in the thoracic spine. (healthncare.info)
  • The spinal metastases are the involvement of the vertebral spine hematogenous spread of the metastatic cells. (healthncare.info)
  • Scoliosis can also be due to uneven destruction of bone by spine infection/ spine fracture/ spinal tumors etc., e.g. (mumbaispineclinic.com)
  • The spine is the most common site of skeletal tuberculosis as it accounts for almost 50% of all musculoskeletal involvements amongst the rather less common extra pulmonary manifestations of the disease. (archintsurg.org)
  • After finishing an internship and residency at Northwestern, he completed a fellowship in spinal surgery in 1992 at the Norton Leatherman Spine Center, affiliated with the University of Louisville. (munishguptaspine.com)
  • While at UC Davis, he taught the treatment of complex spinal deformities to many national and international spine fellows. (munishguptaspine.com)
  • He also is experienced in cervical spinal surgery and the treatment of tumors and traumatic spine injuries. (munishguptaspine.com)
Mycobacterium6
Deformity10
  • Destruction of the anterior endplates ensues with anterior collapse leading to a wedge deformity seen clinically, as well demonstrated in this case, as the spinal deformity known as a gibbus. (uab.edu)
  • Spinal TB is a dangerous form of skeletal TB because it is associated with a neurologic deficit due to compression of the adjacent neural structures and cause significant spinal deformity. (cessspinemumbai.com)
  • Some cases are recognized during routine screening for spinal deformity at school. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The disease may end up with spinal deformity and neurological complications like arachnoiditis, intramedullary tuberculoma and epidural abscesses 5 . (jmedcasereportsimages.org)
  • The gibbus deformity is often found in the upper lumbar and lower thoracic region. (healthncare.info)
  • The most common cause of the Gibbus deformity, which is a form of structural kyphosis, is Tuberculosis Osteomyelitis. (healthncare.info)
  • The compression fracture conditions that cause gibbus deformity are osteoporosis, spinal metastases, and Langerhans cell histiocytosis. (healthncare.info)
  • The gibbus deformity is often the result of pyogenic spinal osteomyelitis or tuberculosis osteomyelitis. (healthncare.info)
  • Spinal cord compression might happen with severe deformity, especially in Congenital and Degenerative Scoliosis. (mumbaispineclinic.com)
  • Spinal Tuberculosis, also known as Pott's Disease, is a spinal infection caused by tuberculosis that can lead to osteomyelitis, kyphotic deformity, and spinal mechanical instability. (orthobullets.com)
CENTERS FOR DISEAS1
  • This was mainly attributed to the HIV epidemic, which increased the risk of developing active TB among persons with latent TB infection and HIV co-infection (American Thoracic Society/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2001, Taylor 2005). (tuberculosistextbook.com)
Infection12
  • Skeletal tuberculosis is thought to result from hematogenous dissemination from a primary site and occurs 6 months to 3 years after primary infection. (uab.edu)
  • The spinal canal can narrow due to the protrusion of granulation tissue, lesions like cold abscesses developed in the course of the TB infection, or because of direct infiltration. (cessspinemumbai.com)
  • Bone TB and especially spinal Tuberculosis is challenging to diagnose because it's painless in the early stages, and therefore one may not exhibit any symptoms, onset of symptoms of tuberculous spondylitis is more insidious than pyogenic infection. (cessspinemumbai.com)
  • The most common primary spinal infection is pyogenic vertebral osteomyelitis. (wheelessonline.com)
  • Three major routes of spread are: (1) hematogenous spread from a distant infection, (2) direct inoculation from trauma, (3) direct inoculation following invasive spinal diagnostic procedures and from spinal surgery. (wheelessonline.com)
  • Without application of effective treatment for latent infection, new cases of tuberculosis can be expected to develop from within this group. (cdc.gov)
  • Within the past decade it also has become clear that of the pasteurization of milk and effective tuberculosis control the spread of HIV infection and the immigration of persons programs for cattle (13). (cdc.gov)
  • When the recipients are persons without previous natural contact with M. tuberculosis, the infectious process is denominated primary infection. (tuberculosistextbook.com)
  • Pyogenic spinal osteomyelitis is a severe, rare condition that is caused by a bacterial infection involving one or more vertebrae. (healthncare.info)
  • The ATS-CDC recommendations are contained, for the most part, in three official joint statements: 'Diagnostic Standards and Classification of Tuberculosis,' 'Treatment of Tuberculosis and Tuberculosis Infection in Adults and Children,' and 'Control of Tuberculosis. (cdc.gov)
  • The development of specific chemotherapeutic agents has revolutionized the prognosis of tuberculosis and tuberculous infection, making tuberculosis truly curable and preventable. (cdc.gov)
  • Although patients with tuberculosis also generate larger particles containing numerous bacilli, these particles do not serve as effective vehicles for transmission of infection because they do not remain airborne, and if inhaled, do not reach alveoli. (cdc.gov)
Osteomyelitis3
  • Differential diagnosis of the clinical syndrome and spinal lesion seen in our patient includes other forms of bacterial osteomyelitis and metastatic cancer. (uab.edu)
  • Spinal tuberculosis affects the vertebrae and spreads to adjacent spinal structures, resulting in osteomyelitis, and arthritis in several vertebrae. (cessspinemumbai.com)
  • The condition often develops due to tuberculosis osteomyelitis. (healthncare.info)
Vertebrae4
  • The spinal lesions of advanced brucellosis include bridging osteophytes, simultaneous with the presence of both osteoblastic lesions and loss of bony mass in the same vertebrae [see Gorgas Case 2001-02 ]. (uab.edu)
  • Left-right asymmetries, of the vertebrae and their musculature, especially in the thoracic region, may cause mechanical instability of the spinal column. (wikipedia.org)
  • Primary spinal infections are described as infections of the vertebrae that are not secondary to an operation. (wheelessonline.com)
  • but the cervical, thoracic and lumbar vertebrae are separated by intervertebral discs. (sakalya.com)
Lower thoracic2
  • Lower thoracic vertebral location is most common followed by lumbar location. (uab.edu)
  • Lateral spinal x-rays confirm the diagnosis of Scheuermann disease by showing anterior wedging of ≥ 5° of 3 or more consecutive vertebral bodies, usually in the lower thoracic and upper lumbar regions. (msdmanuals.com)
Kyphosis3
  • Normal thoracic kyphosis is increased diffusely or locally. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Occasionally, when kyphosis is more severe, a spinal brace or rest with recumbency on a rigid bed is indicated. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Dr. Munish C. Gupta specializes in spinal reconstructive surgery for both adults and children who need repair of spinal deformities resulting from scoliosis, kyphosis, spondylolisthesis and flatback syndrome. (munishguptaspine.com)
Lumbar Spinal S2
  • Lumbar laminectomy , represents the standard operative treatment for lumbar spinal stenosis , but this procedure is often combined with fusion surgery. (neurosurgery.directory)
  • Decompression of lumbar spinal stenosis without fusion led to a significant and similar reduction of back pain and leg pain in a short-term and a long-term follow-up group. (neurosurgery.directory)
Posterior4
  • Research suggests that Posterior Spinal Fusion (PSF) can be used to correct the more severe deformities caused by adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. (wikipedia.org)
  • Each patient had painful lytic spinal lesions with vertebral body collapse and posterior involvement suggesting instability requiring corpectomy, grafting, and fusion. (bvsalud.org)
  • The posterior-only approach for 360° instrumented fusion is quite rewarding in the operative care of spinal tuberculosis. (archintsurg.org)
  • [4] Circumferential reconstruction alongside adequate debridement and decompression, exclusively via the posterior approach, is one of the surgical treatment modalities in the management of spinal tuberculosis. (archintsurg.org)
Instability2
  • Radiologic evaluation is used to confirm the diagnosis and estimate the degree of spinal instability. (boneandspine.com)
  • Treatment is usually bracing and anti-tuberculosis antibiotics in the absence of neurological defects or mechanical instability. (orthobullets.com)
Pyogenic1
  • Spinal infections involve pyogenic or granulomatous infections of the vertebral column, intervertebral discs, the dural sac or the epidural space. (wheelessonline.com)
Epidemiology3
  • B. Pulmonary Tuberculosis sis epidemiology and information on newer technologies. (cdc.gov)
  • Spinal cord injury epidemiology is changing as preventative interventions reduce injuries in younger individuals, and there is an increased incidence of incomplete injuries in aging populations. (neurosurgery.directory)
  • Incidence, prevalence and epidemiology of spinal cord injury: what learns a worldwide literature survey? (neurosurgery.directory)
Involvement2
Pulmonary3
Granulomatous2
Stenosis1
  • This might lead to symptoms of spinal stenosis (loss of sensation and weakness in arms/ legs, loss of bladder-bowel control, loss of dexterity and weakness in hand grip, loss of balance and spasticity in legs). (mumbaispineclinic.com)
Adults2
  • in Adults and Children" is a joint statement prepared by the In the United States, an estimated 15 million people are in- American Thoracic Society and the Centers for Disease Con- fected with M. tuberculosis (3). (cdc.gov)
  • The burden of acute traumatic spinal cord injury among adults in the United States: an update. (neurosurgery.directory)
Scoliosis4
  • His commitment to improving the lives of patients dealing with spinal deformities is widely recognized, making him the trusted choice for scoliosis care in the city. (mumbaispineclinic.com)
  • Cervical Scoliosis , Thoracic Scoliosis , Lumbar Scoliosis . (mumbaispineclinic.com)
  • Congenital Scoliosis is usually associated with intra-spinal anomalies like Tethered Cord , Diastematomyelia etc. (mumbaispineclinic.com)
  • Spinal cord might also have abnormality in some cases of Idiopathic Scoliosis. (mumbaispineclinic.com)
Pott's2
  • Although spinal TB is not very common in young children, pott's disease affecting children and requiring surgical intervention have been reported. (jmedcasereportsimages.org)
  • We report upper thoracic Pott's disease in a 9-year-old girl with myelopathy. (jmedcasereportsimages.org)
Diagnosis8
  • Diagnosis is with spinal x-rays. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The first step towards diagnosis and therapy is recognizing that the patient has some sort of spinal cord pathology. (emcrit.org)
  • Historically, the American Thoracic Society (ATS) and the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) have provided guidance on the diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and control of tuberculosis in the United States and Canada. (cdc.gov)
  • Because the technology applicable to the diagnosis, treatment, and control of tuberculosis continues to evolve, periodically it is necessary to revise these statements. (cdc.gov)
  • This revision has been made primarily to update the information on tuberculin skin testing and laboratory services for the diagnosis of tuberculosis, and to remove material pertaining to nontuberculous mycobacterial diseases, which will henceforth be dealt with separately. (cdc.gov)
  • To describe the general principles of the transmission, pathogenesis, and diagnosis of tuberculosis. (cdc.gov)
  • The approach to diagnosis of tuberculosis follows from the concepts of its pathogenesis. (cdc.gov)
  • To provide a classification scheme for tuberculosis that is based on pathogenesis, is consistent with current chemotherapeutic and chemopreventive recommendations, and is applicable to all in whom the diagnosis is or should be considered. (cdc.gov)
Extrapulmonary3
Abnormalities2
  • Symptoms and Signs Marfan syndrome consists of connective tissue anomalies resulting in ocular, skeletal, and cardiovascular abnormalities (eg, dilation of ascending aorta, which can lead to aortic dissection). (msdmanuals.com)
  • This syndrome is characterized by the abnormalities of the craniofacial area that is the head and face area, intellectual disability, stunt growth, skeletal and cardiac abnormalities, kyphoscoliosis, visual and auditory abnormalities, and large hands with short tapered fingers. (healthncare.info)
Myelopathy2
  • Hyperactive reflexes in the legs with less active arm reflexes suggest thoracic myelopathy (although a cervical lesion is also possible). (emcrit.org)
  • Transitory diffuse paresis that may progress to myelopathy to complete spinal cord injury. (boneandspine.com)
Disorders1
  • These are some of the few spinal disorders commonly found. (sakalya.com)
Organs2
  • X-ray visualization of the chest and organs of the thoracic cavity. (lookformedical.com)
  • No proliferative changes were found in other organs either in thoracic or abdominal cavity. (biomedcentral.com)
Severe2
Prevalence3
Deformities1
  • In 1997, he joined the faculty at the University of California, Davis, where he built a surgical practice performing complex reconstructive surgery to correct pediatric and adult spinal deformities. (munishguptaspine.com)
Nerves3
  • Spinal nerves and corresponding sensory dermatomes are shown above. (emcrit.org)
  • Nerves to the cervical cord are located closest to the middle of the cord, whereas nerves to the sacrum are located farthest towards the edges of the spinal cord. (emcrit.org)
  • It also protects the spinal nerves in the lower back. (medeguru.com)
Clinical1
  • In atypical cases, generalized skeletal dysplasia must be excluded by x-ray skeletal survey, and, if suspected on clinical grounds, spinal tuberculosis must be excluded by CT or MRI. (msdmanuals.com)
Epidural1
  • 9) reviewed 158 patients who underwent epidural spinal injections for low-back pain with or without radiculopathy. (neurosurgery.directory)
Kyphotic1
  • Spinal misalignment is predominantly kyphotic but is sometimes partly scoliotic. (msdmanuals.com)
Fracture1
  • The use of skeletal traction should be reserved only for selected open fracture types (i.e., pelvis fractures and very proximal femur fractures) and if used, it should only be for a short selected time. (passmed.uk)
Bones4
  • The skeletal system includes all bones and joints of the human body. (learninggnm.com)
  • Together with the skeletal muscles , the bones and joints allow controlled physical movements. (learninggnm.com)
  • The bones, skeletal muscles , lymph vessels with lymph nodes , blood vessels , connective tissue , and fat tissue share the same brain relays and therefore the same biological conflict, namely a self-devaluation conflict. (learninggnm.com)
  • It is the solid base of the spinal column, which meets the hip bones and forms the pelvis. (medeguru.com)
Surgery4
  • Care of patients undergoing thoracic surgery or procedures of the lungs and respiratory system is discussed in this chapter. (nursekey.com)
  • Thoracic surgery involves procedures in the structures within the chest cavity including the lungs, heart, great vessels, and esophagus. (nursekey.com)
  • With decompressive surgery and proactive interventions to improve spinal cord perfusion, early treatment has become more intensive. (neurosurgery.directory)
  • Is Spinal Surgery Safe for Elderly Patients Aged 80 and Above? (e-neurospine.org)
Symptoms1
Muscular2
  • Paraliza su sistema muscular y tambien crea un entorno en el que no pueden comer completamente y morir sin las sustancias necesarias para la vida. (ehd.org)
  • The sacrum has an important role in the functions of nervous, muscular, skeletal and reproductive system of the females. (medeguru.com)
Injuries1
  • Traumatic spinal cord injuries (TSCIs) affect up to 500,000 people worldwide each year, and their high morbidity is associated with substantial individual and societal burden and socioeconomic impact 1) 2) . (neurosurgery.directory)
Infectious1
  • Although the tuberculosis case trol and endorsed by the Infectious Disease Society of America. (cdc.gov)
Tumor1
  • It can originate from both skeletal and heart striated muscle, which does not mean that these are the most common locations of the tumor [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Decompression1
  • It is still discussed whether minimal-invasive decompression procedures are sufficient and if they compromise spinal stability as well. (neurosurgery.directory)
Involves2
  • Therefore, a sensory level to light touch may be absent unless both of these are involved (e.g., a complete injury that involves all spinal cord tracts). (emcrit.org)
  • Motor weakness may be used to evaluate the level of a spinal lesion that involves the corticospinal tract. (emcrit.org)
Operative1
  • This chapter describes both primary and post-operative spinal infections. (wheelessonline.com)
Fixation1
  • Skeletal traction and external fixation are the quickest fixation constructs to employ. (passmed.uk)
Diseases2
  • Tuberculosis remains one of the deadliest diseases in the world. (cdc.gov)
  • Thus, diseases affecting the anterior horn of the spinal cord cause flaccid paralysis. (emcrit.org)
Diagnostic2
  • The "Diagnostic Standards and Classification of Tuberculosis and disease (2). (cdc.gov)
  • As with previous editions, this edition of Diagnostic Standards has been prepared as a basic guide and statement of principles for all persons involved in the care of patients with tuberculosis. (cdc.gov)