• It is a component of the antioxidant enzymes glutathione peroxidase and thioredoxin reductase which indirectly reduce certain oxidized molecules in animals and some plants. (w3we.com)
  • Results: The median urinary iodine level was 238.70 (197.00, 273.70) µg/L. Thyroid peroxidase antibody or thyroglobulin antibody positivity (11.87%) and Shypo (9.13%) were common in the elderly. (bvsalud.org)
  • Thioredoxin reductase (TR) is a recently identified seleno-cysteine containing enzyme which catalyzes the NADPH dependent reduction of thioredoxin and therefore plays a regulatory role in its metabolic activity. (nih.gov)
  • In humans, selenium is a trace element nutrient that functions as cofactor for glutathione peroxidases and certain forms of thioredoxin reductase . (cloudfront.net)
  • A related selenium-containing enzyme in some plants and in animals ( thioredoxin reductase ) generates reduced thioredoxin, a dithiol that serves as an electron source for peroxidases and also the important reducing enzyme ribonucleotide reductase that makes DNA precursors from RNA precursors. (cloudfront.net)
  • Thioredoxin reductase uses a cysteine-selenocysteine pair to reduce the disulfide in thioredoxin . (cloudfront.net)
  • The enzyme requires the presence of a thiol-containing intermediate such as THIOREDOXIN as a reducing cofactor. (nih.gov)
  • Iodotyrosine deiodinase, also known as iodotyrosine dehalogenase 1, is a type of deiodinase enzyme that scavenges iodide by removing it from iodinated tyrosine residues in the thyroid gland. (wikidoc.org)
  • [2] The iodide that is scavenged by iodotyrosine deiodinase is necessary to again synthesize the thyroid hormones. (wikidoc.org)
  • [4] Iodotyrosine deiodinase is thus necessary to keep levels of both iodide and thyroid hormones in balance. (wikidoc.org)
  • Iodothyronine deiodinase (not the enzyme that is the topic of this article) uses a selenocysteine active site for catalysis, is a member of the thioredoxin superfamily, and removes iodide only when the substrate is in a double-tyrosine form. (wikidoc.org)
  • Iodotyrosine deiodinase facilitates iodide salvage in the thyroid by catalyzing deiodination of mono - and diiodotyrosine , the halogenated byproducts of thyroid hormone production. (wikidoc.org)
  • [4] Iodotyrosine deiodinase salvages the iodide from the deiodination of the iodinated tyrosines. (wikidoc.org)
  • Without iodotyrosine deiodinase activity, the iodide would be excreted with the amino acid tyrosine and thyroid hormone biosynthesis would be reduced. (wikidoc.org)
  • [10] Iodide homeostasis within the thyroid gland is essential for producing thyroid hormone at appropriate rates. (wikidoc.org)
  • [9] Iodide is also an important micronutrient in the biosynthesis of thyroid hormone, creating a cycle of iodide use in the thyroid. (wikidoc.org)