• The most common specific subtypes are intratubular embryonal carcinoma and intratubular seminoma. (wikipedia.org)
  • Embryonal carcinoma is a germ cell tumor characterized by primitive epithelial cells with marked pleomorphism and various histologic patterns. (medscape.com)
  • Embryonal carcinoma is one of the most common germ cell tumors. (medscape.com)
  • A panel of circulating microRNAs from these clusters (miR-371a-3p, miR-372-3p, miR-373-3p, and miR-367-3p) is highly sensitive and specific for diagnosing malignant germ cell tumors, including embryonal carcinoma and seminoma. (medscape.com)
  • Clinically and histologically, these are subdivided into seminomas and non-seminomas, the later encompassing somatic and extra-embryonal elements of embryonal carcinoma, yolk sac, choriocarcinoma and teratoma [ 10 ]. (uroweb.org)
  • 1] Among mixed GCTs, seminoma is also commonly present in combination with teratoma, yolk sac tumor, and/or embryonal carcinoma. (medscape.com)
  • H&E and OCT4/CD34 for the assessment of lympho-vascular invasion in seminoma and embryonal carcinoma. (harvard.edu)
  • Diagnosis of testicular carcinoma in situ '(intratubular and microinvasive)' seminoma and embryonal carcinoma using direct enzymatic alkaline phosphatase reactivity on frozen histological sections. (medscape.com)
  • Non-seminomas - There are a few types of non-seminomas: choriocarcinoma, embryonal carcinoma, teratoma and yolk sac tumors. (horizonhospital.org)
  • Germ cell neoplasia in situ (GCNIS) represents the precursor lesion for many types of testicular germ cell tumors. (wikipedia.org)
  • [ 2 , 3 ] About 3-10% of pure germ cell tumors are embryonal carcinomas, and embryonal carcinomas are present in more than 80% of mixed germ cell tumors. (medscape.com)
  • As with other germ cell tumors, with the exception of spermatocytic seminoma , embryonal carcinomas are believed to originate from intratubular malignant germ cells. (medscape.com)
  • [ 8 ] In the vast majority of cases, IGCNU occurs adjacent to invasive germ cell tumors, including embryonal carcinomas. (medscape.com)
  • Embryonal carcinomas are aggressive germ cell tumors. (medscape.com)
  • Although serum alpha fetoprotein (AFP) has been reported in association with embryonal carcinomas, most of those cases were probably misclassified as such and in truth represented mixed cases of embryonal carcinomas and yolk sac tumors . (medscape.com)
  • Several CTAs, including NY-ESO-1, MAGE-A3, and MAGE-A4, have been or are being studied as target antigens in vaccine clinical trials for various types of tumors, including non-small-cell lung cancer, ovarian cancer, gastrointestinal carcinoma, and urothelial carcinoma ( 7, 9 - 13 ). (aacrjournals.org)
  • Tumors of the Testis and Epididymis. (booksca.ca)
  • Carcinoma in situ tumors are flat. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Epithelial tumors of nasal cavity, sinuses, nasopharynx: A) Squamous cell carcinoma with variants of nasal cavity, sinuses, and nasopharynx and trachea (excluding laryngeal, nasopharyngeal cancer [NPC], and squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck [SCCHN]) B) Adenocarcinoma and variants of nasal cavity, sinuses, and nasopharynx (closed to accrual 07/27/2018) 2. (sncrf.org)
  • Rare pancreatic tumors including acinar cell carcinoma, mucinous cystadenocarcinoma or serous cystadenocarcinoma. (sncrf.org)
  • Cell tumor of the testes and extragonadal germ tumors: A) Seminoma and testicular sex cord cancer B) Non seminomatous tumor C) Teratoma with malignant transformation (closed to accrual) 17. (sncrf.org)
  • Epithelial tumors of penis - squamous adenocarcinoma cell carcinoma with variants of penis (closed to accrual) 18. (sncrf.org)
  • In contrast, tumors arising in the retroperitoneum are virtually always associated with premalignant lesions in one of the testes and behave clinically similar to metastatic testicular seminomas. (medscape.com)
  • This phase II trial studies how well Ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related (ATR) kinase inhibitor AZD6738 works alone or in combination with olaparib or durvalumab in treating participants with renal cell carcinoma (RCC), urothelial carcinoma, all pancreatic cancers, endometrial cancer, and other solid tumors excluding clear cell ovarian cancer that have spread to nearby tissue or lymph nodes or other parts of the body. (ucbraid.org)
  • Immunohistochemical Expression of Preferentially Expressed Antigen in Melanoma (PRAME) in the Uninvolved Background Testis, Germ Cell Neoplasia In Situ, and Germ Cell Tumors of the Testis. (harvard.edu)
  • A preliminary study investigating the detection of lymphovascular invasion in germ cell tumors of the testis with double staining for OCT4/CD34. (harvard.edu)
  • In extragonadal germ cell tumors, no evidence of a primary malignancy is present in either the testes or ovaries by radiologic imaging or physical examination. (medscape.com)
  • Most malignant post-pubertal GCTs originate from germ cell neoplasia " in situ " (GCNIS). (uroweb.org)
  • European authors often recommend a testicular biopsy of the remaining testis to look for carcinoma in situ (intraductal germ cell neoplasia). (wikidot.com)
  • This study provides a detailed analysis of TIL focusing on Treg and Tfh in human testicular specimens characterized by hypospermatogenesis and lymphocytic infiltrates (ly) (n=12), pre-invasive germ cell neoplasia in situ (GCNIS -/+ly) (n=15, each), and seminoma (n=28) compared to normal spermatogenesis (n=10). (uni-giessen.de)
  • 1993) Evidence for increasing incidence of abnormalities of the human testis: a review. (medscape.com)
  • Download instantly Atlas on the Human Testis - Normal Morphology and Pathology by Davor Jezek. (booksca.ca)
  • Early Development of the Human Testis. (booksca.ca)
  • The Fetal Human Testis. (booksca.ca)
  • Normal Morphology of the Human Testis and Epididymis. (booksca.ca)
  • In summary, despite high inter-individual variation and sample heterogeneity, all study approaches showed a similar composition of immune cells in the human testis, with an overall increase of immune cells in TGCT compared to other pathological conditions and normal controls. (uni-giessen.de)
  • Hence, it means that human testis could also play a crucial role in human speciation if these two tissues exhibit similar gene expression patterns. (karger.com)
  • Present results provide evidence to support the proposal that human testis and brain share the highest similarity of gene expression patterns. (karger.com)
  • These findings establish CTAs as potential prognostic markers and as target candidates for vaccine development for patients with urothelial carcinoma. (aacrjournals.org)
  • This is an open label Phase 1b/2 study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ACR-368 as monotherapy or in combination with ultralow dose gemcitabine in participants with platinum-resistant ovarian carcinoma, endometrial adenocarcinoma, and urothelial carcinoma based on Acrivon's OncoSignature® test status. (uci.edu)
  • Other risk factors for germ cell tumor, exogenous estrogen administration to the testis fig. Cysts may contain pelvic mucosal urothelial carcinoma and may become infected. (familytreecounseling.com)
  • Squamous cell carcinoma with variants of GI tract (stomach small intestine, colon, rectum, pancreas) (closed to accrual 10/17/2018) 7. (sncrf.org)
  • Squamous cell carcinoma variants of the genitourinary (GU) system 19. (sncrf.org)
  • Basal and squamous cell carcinomas of the skin are not reported, except when these occur on the skin of the genital organs. (cdc.gov)
  • citation needed] GCNIS is seen in the following settings: Almost all invasive germ cell tumours of the testis in adults Fifty percent of patients with GCNIS developed invasive germ cell tumours within five years of initial diagnosis. (wikipedia.org)
  • As an immune-privileged organ, the normal testis immune environment consists of macrophages, mast cells and few T cells, all having anti-inflammatory effects to protect developing germ cells from autoimmune attack. (uni-giessen.de)
  • Furthermore, the number of Treg and Tfh was significantly increased in TGCT compared to other pathological conditions and normal testis, possibly providing a tumor growth advantage. (uni-giessen.de)
  • Placental alkaline phosphatase in testicular germ cell tumours and in carcinoma-in-situ of the testis. (roche.com)
  • Increased incidence of Leydig cell tumours of the testis in the era of improved imaging techniques. (medscape.com)
  • Guidelines for the Implementation of a Testis-sparing Approach to Testicular Cancer. (medscape.com)
  • Cancer-testis antigens (CTA), a family of tumor-associated antigens, have both potent immunogenicity and restricted expression patterns in normal adult tissues, highly desirable characteristics for targets of anticancer vaccines. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Cancer-testis antigens (CTA) are named after their pattern of expression, as they are found in various types of cancers but only in testicular germ cells of normal adult tissues ( 1 ). (aacrjournals.org)
  • Both in vivo and in vitro studies have found the widespread existence of EMT in pulmonary carcinoma, breast cancer and prostate cancer [ 3 ]. (biomedres.info)
  • Radiation treatment -- Radiation therapy to the pelvis region for treatment of cancers of the prostate, testes, cervix, or uterus increases the risk of developing bladder cancer. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Testicular cancer also called Germ Cell Tumour most commonly presents with a painless lump/swelling in the testis. (horizonhospital.org)
  • Chemotherapy is the mainstay of treatment in those cases where cancer has spread beyond the testis. (horizonhospital.org)
  • The declines correlate with reductions in pathology reports and are greater for cases diagnosed at in situ and localized stage, triggering concerns about potential poor cancer outcomes in the coming years, especially in Asians/Pacific Islanders. (cdc.gov)
  • Histological examinations of testis biopsies from this cat showed degeneration of the tubules, hyperplasia of the interstitial tissue, and complete loss of germ cells. (karger.com)
  • Language": "en", "Country": "XG", "Code": "Content" }, { "Name": "Background Information", "Value": "Placental Alkaline Phosphatase (PLAP) belongs to a family of four isozymes that are synthesized in primordial germ cells and in term placental syncytiotrophoblasts. (roche.com)
  • A radiosensitive, malignant neoplasm of the testis, thought to be derived from primordial germ cells of the sexually undifferentiated embryonic gonad. (harvard.edu)
  • The expression patterns of nine CTAs (NY-ESO-1, LAGE-1, MAGE-A1, MAGE-A3, MAGE-A4, MAGE-A10, CT7, CT10, and GAGE) were examined by immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription-PCR in a panel of high-grade urothelial carcinomas of the urinary bladder. (aacrjournals.org)
  • The fetal testis, whose endocrine function orchestrates the masculinization of many distant organs, is particularly sensitive to disruption by xenobiotics. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In this context, we aimed to determine whether cannabis exposure has the potential to directly impact the human fetal testis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We determined the expression of components of the ECS in the human fetal testis from 6 to 17 developmental weeks and assessed the direct effects of phytocannabinoids Δ9-trans-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) on the testis morphology and cell functions ex vivo. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We demonstrate the presence in the human fetal testis of two key endocannabinoids, 2-arachidonylglycerol (2-AG) and to a lower level anandamide (AEA), as well as a range of enzymes and receptors for the ECS. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Transcriptomic analysis on 72 h-exposed fetal testis explants revealed 187 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including genes involved in steroid synthesis and toxic substance response. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our study is the first to evidence the presence of the ECS in the human fetal testis and to highlight the potential adverse effect of cannabis consumption by pregnant women onto the development of the male gonad. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We speculate that disturbed development of somatic cells in the fetal testis may play a role in allowing undifferentiated cells to survive in the postnatal testes. (ku.dk)
  • Carcinoma in situ Germ cell tumor ITGCN. (wikipedia.org)
  • mixed TGCT n=6) were analyzed by flow cytometry from different areas of tumor-bearing and contralateral (control) testes. (uni-giessen.de)
  • Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (PNET) (formerly named: Endocrine carcinoma of pancreas and digestive tract. (sncrf.org)
  • Seminoma is the most common pure germ cell tumor (GCT) of the testis, accounting for up to 50% of cases. (medscape.com)
  • The testis is usually enlarged, and the tumor nodule may distort the external appearance of the organ (see the image below). (medscape.com)
  • Al-Agha OM, Axiotis CA. An in-depth look at Leydig cell tumor of the testis. (medscape.com)
  • AIMS: Papillary renal cell carcinoma (PRCC) with micropapillary carcinoma (MC) has been rarely described. (bvsalud.org)
  • Transitional cell carcinoma other than that of the renal, pelvis, ureter, or bladder (closed to accrual) 16. (sncrf.org)
  • Differential diagnosis dat, cerebrovascular dementia, rare forms of malignancy, and immunological reactions stimulate the proliferation is immunoreactive to er shown and negative for epstein-barr virus by in situ in the community pharmacist. (familytreecounseling.com)
  • Carcinomas of pituitary gland, thyroid gland parathyroid gland and adrenal cortex (closed to accrual) 27. (sncrf.org)
  • Depending on the molecules and testis age, highly deleterious effects of phytocannabinoid exposure were observed on testis tissue after 14 days, including Sertoli and germ cell death. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Language": "en", "Country": "XG", "Code": "Storage Conditions (Product)" }, { "Name": "Intended Use", "Value": "PLAP (NB10) Mouse Monoclonal Primary Antibody is intended for laboratory use in the detection of the PLAP protein in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded human tissue stained in qualitative immunohistochemistry (IHC) on BenchMark IHC/ISH instruments. (roche.com)
  • Language": "en", "Country": "XG", "Code": "Background Information" }, { "Name": "Principle", "Value": "PLAP (NB10) Mouse Monoclonal Antibody (this antibody) may be used as the primary\nantibody for immunohistochemical staining of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue\nsections. (roche.com)
  • Tissue extracts of Mouse Testis (Lane 6) and Mouse Kidney (Lane 7) were electrophoresed using NuPAGE™ 3-8% Tris-Acetate Protein Gel (Product # EA0378BOX). (thermofisher.com)
  • In orthohepadnaviruses, a fourth ORF encodes the X protein, which is associated with hepatocellular carcinoma in their respective host species. (cdc.gov)
  • In situ cancers of the urinary bladder are re-coded as invasive behavior because the information that distinguishes between in situ and invasive bladder cancers is not always available or reliable. (cdc.gov)
  • In situ cancers of the cervix are not reported. (cdc.gov)
  • The peak incidence is in the third decade of life for non-seminomatous germ cell tumour (NSGCT) and mixed GCT patients, and in the fourth decade for seminoma testis (ST) patients. (uroweb.org)
  • Ultrasound is a sensitive and specific test for malignancy, and some authors advocate the use of regular ultrasound of the remaining testis. (wikidot.com)
  • Breast cancers are mostly adenocarcinomas which include invasive type such as infiltrating ductal carcinoma (IDC) and non-invasive type, Ductal Carcinoma in-situ (DCIS) [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)