Targets autoantigens. Medical search. Frequent questions

The role of B cells in autoimmune diseases involves different cellular functions, including the well-established secretion of autoantibodies, autoantigen presentation and ensuing reciprocal interactions with T cells, secretion of inflammatory cytokines, and the generation of ectopic germinal centers. (hindawi.com)
Immunofluorescence staining held a significant tissue imaging market share in 2019 and deploys cultured cell lines or tissue sections as a source of antigen and identifies particular recognition of autoantibodies to native autoantigens present on fixed tissue/cell. (globenewswire.com)
The most common targets of the autoantibodies are protein and nucleoprotein components of cell nuclei: dsDNA, histones, nucleosomes, Sm antigen, and Ro and La antigens. (intechopen.com)
This study aimed to investigate the presence of autoantibodies targeting the skeletal muscle in sera of leishmania-infected dogs and individuate the major autoantigen. (unina.it)
Whereas the pemphigus subset of diseases is mediated by autoantibodies that target the extracellular skin components that link one epidermal cell to another, the pemphigoid subset is mediated by autoantibodies that target the extracellular skin components that link the skin basement membrane components either to the lowermost layer of epidermal cells or to the dermal components. (medscape.com)
An increasing number of neuropsychiatric diseases are caused by pathogenic anti-neuronal autoantibodies, such as those targeting NMDA receptors, GABA receptors, LGI1, Caspr2, IgLON5, metabotropic glutamate receptors, and entirely novel autoantigens. (charite.de)
Using primary neurons, transfected cells and rodent brain slices, we study the molecular interaction between autoantibodies and their target antigens (Figure A). The specific binding region of the recombinant human autoantibodies can be determined using epitope mapping, where human cell lines are transfected with different target domains (B). Moreover, application of autoantibodies to neuronal cultures provides insight into the effector mechanisms in disease pathogenesis (C). (charite.de)
Autoantibody pathogenicity can be further characterized in vivo, for instance, through intrathecal (cerebroventricular) delivery of antibodies using osmotic pumps (D). Autoantibodies infused into the CNS target their cognate antigen and can reproduce certain clinical features observed in the human disease. (charite.de)

The recipient T cell then recognized a different antigen, enabling the use of these cells to target non-surface antigens. (wikipedia.org)
Ideally, we'd want suppression to act in an antigen-specific way, so only the pathogenic T cells are targeted and others are left free to function. (livescience.com)
The discovery and characterization of new antigens implicated in the pathogenesis of T1D is a high priority as it can lead to new diagnostic tools and anticipate that studies proposed by Dr. Baker will provide critical information to target autoreactive T cells though antigen-specific therapies. (cuanschutz.edu)
These antigens should, under normal conditions, not be the target of the immune system, but, due to mainly genetic and environmental factors, the normal immunological tolerance for such an antigen has been lost in these patients. (wikidoc.org)
There is likely no specific 'rheumatoid arthritis antigen,' and the immune response seems to be directed at multiple targets, which vary across individuals. (orthopaedia.com)
B-cell targeted therapies have been around since the early 2000s with drugs like rituximab , a monoclonal antibody medication that targets CD20, an antigen expressed on the surface of B cells. (medscape.com)
The CAR T cells currently available target another surface antigen, CD19, and are a much more potent therapy. (medscape.com)
Аутоімунні розлади In autoimmune disorders, the immune system produces antibodies to an endogenous antigen (autoantigen). (msdmanuals.com)

The presence of auto-antibodies that target synaptic machinery proteins was documented recently in immune-mediated cerebellar ataxias. (springer.com)
Despite their immune diversity, the majority of IMCAs is commonly associated with auto-antibodies against cerebellar autoantigens. (springer.com)
A novel class of autoantigens of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies in necrotizing and crescentic glomerulonephritis: the lysosomal membrane glycoprotein h-lamp-2 in neutrophil granulocytes and a related membrane protein in glomerular endothelial cells. (rupress.org)
Significantly, he was the first to identify antibodies to hair follicle-specific antigens in patients with acute alopecia areata and is working to identify targeted (auto)antigens in this common condition. (trichologists.org.uk)
The auto-antibodies target the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) in about 90% of MG patients. (maastrichtuniversity.nl)
In line with an autoimmunity hypothesis of the disease, the researchers will comprehensively examine the role of antibodies (the humoral adaptive immune response) against autoantigens and microbiota in ME/CFS patients and healthy controls. (solvecfs.org)
Here, we propose a novel and broad approach to comprehensively study the role of antibodies against (1) autoantigens and (2) the microbiota in ME/CFS patients (compared to healthy controls). (solvecfs.org)

Further work is required to ascertain if the novel autoantibody targets are also the targets of autoreactive T lymphocytes in alopecia areata patients. (bl.uk)
Using this assay, we will be able to specifically determine the effect of our targeted Tregs on suppressing the autoreactive response. (lupusresearch.org)
Our preliminary data using this protocol has shown that our targeted Tregs effectively stop the autoreactive response against the target autoantigen. (lupusresearch.org)
In certain patient subsets, the development of the autoimmune disease has been proposed to have been triggered by an immune phenomenon, "epitope spreading," a concept stating that tissue injuries from an inflammatory event may expose the previously hidden autoantigen to autoreactive lymphocytes, leading to autoimmune disease. (medscape.com)

The next wave of truly transformative therapeutics should aspire to provide a cure by selectively suppressing pathogenic autoantigen-specific immune responses while leaving the rest of the immune system intact to control infectious diseases and malignancies. (frontiersin.org)
Understanding how psychosocial, genetic, immunological and neurotransmitter systems interact can reveal pathogenic clues and help target new preventive and symptomatic therapies. (biomedcentral.com)

EVs are carriers of pathogen-associated and damage-associated molecular patterns, cytokines, autoantigens and tissue-degrading enzymes. (uzh.ch)

We discovered that one of these antimicrobial peptide called LL37 not only triggers innate immune activation but also acts as an epidermal autoantigen targeted by autoimmune T cells in psoriasis Lande et al . (chuv.ch)

In addition, hybridization (mismatch) between exogenous and endogenous chains may induce harmful recognition of autoantigens, triggering graft-vs.-host disease. (wikipedia.org)

Mechanisms of peripheral tolerance include inactivation of autoantigen-recognizing T and B cells by the induction of apoptosis, anergy or conversion into immunosuppressive regulatory cells. (frontiersin.org)
353:765-769), selective expression of mHEL autoantigen on thyroid cells did not trigger elimination or inactivation of circulating HEL-reactive B cells. (silverchair.com)

Autoimmune diseases, like lupus, are caused by the immune system mistakenly mounting pro-inflammatory responses against specific autoantigens. (lupusresearch.org)
In this Review, we summarize important developments and propose that extracellular vesicles could be used as therapeutic vehicles and as targets for the treatment and prevention of inflammatory diseases. (uzh.ch)

However, in autoimmune disease, T cells mistakenly target healthy cells in the body by going after "autoantigens," molecules found only on those normal cells. (livescience.com)
They have higher concentrations of modified autoantigens and immunostimulatory molecules. (news-medical.net)

There is evidence to suggest that hair follicle melanocytes are targeted by T lymphocytes, but major pigment cell autoantigens remain unidentified. (bl.uk)

Current therapies are predominantly corticosteroids and immuno-modulating agents, but these are often ineffective and new targeted therapies are especially required for children, people with longterm patchy alopecia, and individuals with alopecia totalis or alopecia universalis. (bl.uk)
Most immune therapies for autoimmune diseases act in a general way and don't just target the disease-inducing T cells," Lucy Walker , a professor of immune regulation at University College London who was not involved in the research, told Live Science in an email. (livescience.com)
Both are effective at depleting B cells in blood, but these engineered CD19-targeted T cells can reach B cells sitting in tissues in a way that antibody therapies cannot, Konig explained. (medscape.com)

Propagation of autoimmune responses appears to reflect a bidirectional interaction between the immune response and the target tissues in a mutually reinforcing cycle Immune effector pathways generate additional autoantigen , which feeds further immune response . (bvsalud.org)

We identified 78 amino acid sequences from self proteins presented in the lungs of sarcoidosis patients, some of which were well-known autoantigens such as vimentin and ATP synthase. (jci.org)
The purpose of this study was to identify membrane proteins of PMNs, and/or glomerular cells, as additional autoantigenic ANCA targets. (rupress.org)
An autoantigen is usually a normal protein or complex of proteins (and sometimes DNA or RNA) that is recognized by the immune system of patients suffering from a specific autoimmune disease . (wikidoc.org)
Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used to identify the targets recognized by circulating AAbs seen on 2D-GE, followed by ELISAs with recombinant proteins to confirm LC-MS/MS results, and quantify autoreactivities. (duke.edu)
ELISA testing with recombinant proteins confirmed, on average, significantly higher reactivities against all targets in AMD samples compared to controls. (duke.edu)
Identified targets may be mechanistically linked to AMD pathogenesis because the identified proteins are implicated in autophagy, immunomodulation, and protection from oxidative stress and apoptosis. (duke.edu)
Immunocolocalization and immunoblot on immunoprecipitated muscle proteins were performed to confirm the individuated major autoantigen. (unina.it)
A ubiquitously expressed sequence-specific transcriptional repressor that is normally the target of signaling by NOTCH PROTEINS. (bvsalud.org)

Glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 (GAD-65) and the tyrosine phosphatase-like protein IA-2 are major targets of autoimmunity in type I diabetes mellitus (type I DM), stiff-man syndrome (SMS) and autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome (APS). (nottingham.ac.uk)

Many of the autoantigens generated by neutrophils in NETs, including double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), citrullinated peptides, histones, myeloperoxidase (MPO), and proteinase 3 (PRTN3), are known to be attacked by the adaptive immune system observed in systemic autoimmunity. (news-medical.net)
Our data point to TTR as an autoantigen potentially involved in the pathogenesis of JIA and to oxidation and aggregation as a mechanism facilitating TTR autoimmunity. (jci.org)

Loss of immune tolerance to autoantigens associated with a specific organ results in the activation of organ-specific T and B cells that in turn cause organ-specific inflammation and the development of autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS) ( 5 ), rheumatoid arthritis (RA) ( 6 ), psoriasis ( 7 ), and type 1 diabetes (T1D) ( 8 ). (frontiersin.org)
The role of complement dysregulation on vascular endothelial cells has been well established in atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS), a thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) characterized by microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and target organ injury. (jrheum.org)

Thus, therapeutics that induce, restore, and maintain immune tolerance toward these autoantigens represent the "Holy Grail" of treatments for autoimmune diseases. (frontiersin.org)

The immunoreactivity of each of these potential autoantigens was tested in radioligand binding assays against 48 alopecia areata patient sera and was detected in 8 (16.7%), 21 (43.8%), and 10 (20.8%) patient serum samples, respectively. (bl.uk)

Immune tolerance co-evolved as a safety system that maintains a state of immune unresponsiveness to autoantigens and self-tissues ( 2 , 3 ). (frontiersin.org)
In addition to frequently affecting extra-articular tissues like the lungs and vasculature, this condition specifically targets the synovial joints, which, if not adequately treated, can result in considerable disability. (news-medical.net)

In a landmark Nature paper, 2017, we showed that autoantigen specific Tregs effectively restore immune tolerance and abrogate disease. (lupusresearch.org)
Our laboratory has now developed the unique, innovative, capability to genetically-engineer autoantigen specific Tregs. (lupusresearch.org)
We refer to them as targeted Tregs. (lupusresearch.org)
Furthermore, using our custom lentiviral vectors and Treg transduction processes, we have genetically engineered therapeutic targeted Tregs specific for the dominant autoimmune target driving lupus nephritis (PCT patent filed). (lupusresearch.org)
In this 2021 LIA application, we are seeking to manufacture our targeted Tregs using GMP-ready processes and test the therapeutic efficacy on lupus nephritis patient samples. (lupusresearch.org)
We have established a new humanised mouse model of lupus nephritis that enables us to test the efficacy of our targeted Tregs in vivo. (lupusresearch.org)
In our preliminary data, untreated mice and polyclonal Treg treated mice progressed to severe renal disease while none of the mice treated with our targeted Tregs progressed to severe disease. (lupusresearch.org)

Autoantigens can be altered and presented to the adaptive immune system due to dysregulated neutrophil cell death. (news-medical.net)

The wide variety of targets may explain the wide variety of treatment responses. (orthopaedia.com)
Using biochemical and proteomic approaches, we identified the molecular chaperone transthyretin (TTR) as an antigenic target for B and T cell immune responses. (jci.org)

The availability of several antigenic targets offers exceptional complete sensitivity. (globenewswire.com)

Central tolerance occurs during lymphocyte development in the primary lymphoid organs (i.e. thymus and bone marrow), where T or B cell clones that recognize autoantigens with high-affinity are deleted. (frontiersin.org)

Peripheral tolerance evolved to counteract autoantigen-recognizing T or B cells that escape central tolerance. (frontiersin.org)
Published studies and their target antigens include: Acute myeloid leukemia (WT1) Solid tumors: In solid tumors local injection is more effective than systemic drug administration, such as injecting T cells into the cerebrospinal fluid in brain tumors. (wikipedia.org)
peptides bound to HLA-DR17 from bronchoalveolar lavage cells of sarcoidosis patients were analyzed in order to identify target antigens of the autoimmune response (see the related article beginning on page 3576). (jci.org)
These results indicate that structural antigens of EBV are the immunodominant targets of CD4+ T cells in LCL-stimulated T cell preparations. (uni-muenchen.de)
In another case study published in June, researchers used CD-19 targeted CAR-T cells to treat a 41-year-old man with refractory antisynthetase syndrome with progressive myositis and interstitial lung disease. (medscape.com)

This Aim will provide necessary data regarding achievable cell doses and target product profile. (lupusresearch.org)
His work has ranged from exploring the mechanisms contributing to T cell effector function to investigating the role of new beta-cell autoantigens. (cuanschutz.edu)
She is currently engaged in efforts to identify allosteric inhibitors of ITK that could be used in combination with active site kinase inhibitors to target ITK and thereby interfere with autoimmune T cell infiltration. (cuanschutz.edu)
Surprisingly, CD4+ T cell lines from acutely and persistently EBV-infected donors consistently responded against EBV lytic cycle antigens and autoantigens, but barely against latent cycle antigens of EBV hitherto considered principal immunotherapeutic targets. (uni-muenchen.de)
Special advances are achieved in HER-positive tumors using targeted therapy with drugs which suppress the tumor cell growth factors (trastuzumab, herceptin). (cttjournal.com)

10 This review aims to provide an assessment of the nature and extent of complement involvement in the underlying pathophysiology of TMA associated with autoimmune diseases that will help to stratify patients for targeted therapy. (jrheum.org)
Therefore, molecular diagnostics and targeted therapy could benefit from expanding knowledge in the field. (uzh.ch)
Design of Chemical Conjugate for Targeted Therapy of Multiple Sclerosis Based of Constant Fragment of Human Antibody Heavy Chain and Peptoid Analog of Autoantigen MOG35-55. (kpfu.ru)
The data on the prognostic and predictive role of the tumor molecular biomarkers, as well as on clinically used and cellular therapy approaches and developing targeted drugs are presented, and the prospects for the future research are outlined. (cttjournal.com)
Моноклональні антитіла Systemic cancer therapy includes chemotherapy (ie, conventional or cytotoxic chemotherapy), hormone therapy, targeted therapy, and immune therapy (see also Overview of Cancer Therapy). (msdmanuals.com)

This review examines the mechanisms underlying their selection as immune targets. (bvsalud.org)
A second area of interest is the identification of immune targets in psoriatic arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis. (hopkinslyme.org)

Immunoblot and mass spectrometry were used to identify the main target autoantigen. (unina.it)

Yet, it is currently unknown which (auto) antigens are targeted or to which extent the antibody repertoires between ME/CFS patients and healthy controls overlap. (solvecfs.org)

We propose that this resonance may be a critical principle underlying disease propagation, with specific autoantigens functioning as the hubs around which amplification occurs. (bvsalud.org)

With a previous grant from the LRA, Dr. Ooi studied which specific parts of the body were targeted by the misguided immune system in patients with lupus nephritis, a condition causing inflammation in the kidneys. (lupusresearch.org)
Phospholipase A2 receptor 1 (PLA2R) is a target autoantigen in 70% of patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy. (nih.gov)

Improvements at this stage may be especially important, since lapses here may be beyond correction at subsequent stages, which include the generation and detection of target fragments by MS, as well as the analysis of MS data by computational systems. (genengnews.com)
The autoantigens include glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65), voltage-gated Ca 2+ channel (VGCC), metabotropic glutamate receptor type 1 (mGluR1), and glutamate receptor delta (GluRdelta). (springer.com)

First, tolerogenic vaccines aiming at robust, lasting autoantigen-specific immune tolerance. (frontiersin.org)
Systemic autoimmune diseases are characterized by specific targeting of a limited group of ubiquitously expressed autoantigens by the immune system . (bvsalud.org)

In particular, a role in autophagy activation is shared by all five autoantigens, raising the possibility that the detected AAbs may play a role in AMD via autophagy compromise and downstream activation of the inflammasome. (duke.edu)

Xeno-autoantigens such as Neu5Gc-gangliosides provide potential targets for immunotherapy. (unibe.ch)

The distinctive feature of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an immune reaction directed to diverse spectrum of autoantigens, which tends to change along with the disease spreading. (intechopen.com)

Many autoantigens are components of multimolecular complexes, and some of the other components may provide adjuvant activity. (bvsalud.org)

The ability to prove the efficacy of this targeted Treg approach will determine whether or not we will receive commercial investment to initiate clinical trials. (lupusresearch.org)

Most targets are limited by MHC class. (wikipedia.org)

Although it has been proposed that JIA has an autoimmune component, the autoantigens are still unknown. (jci.org)

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