• Genomic profiling also identifies genes associated with poor outcome in cases without molecular aberrations and specific genes that may be new therapeutic targets in adult ALL. (aacrjournals.org)
  • ETS genes are targeted through genomic rearrangements in oncogenesis. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Genomic analyses have revolutionized our understanding of the molecular taxonomy of ALL, and these advances have led the push to implement genome and transcriptome characterization in the clinical management of ALL to facilitate more accurate risk-stratification and, in some cases, targeted therapy. (haematologica.org)
  • Figure 1A: Genomic rearrangement involving USP16 and RUNX1 genes in a CMML. (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)
  • Otherwise, the impact of chromatin remodeling, i.e. the dynamic modification of chromatin architecture to allow the regulatory proteins access to genomic DNA, on gene expression in T. reesei has received hardly any attention so far. (tuwien.at)
  • It is able to form homodimers with other MAX proteins and heterodimers with other transcription factors, including Mad, Mxl1 and Myc. (wikipedia.org)
  • Our studies have demonstrated that several of the proteins encoded by cellular oncogenes function in fundamental aspects of gene regulation. (stanford.edu)
  • These are frequently activated by fusion to other transcriptional proteins resulting in chimeric transcription factors. (stanford.edu)
  • Through gene ontology analysis, we found that permethrin deregulates ion channels in PBMCs and BMMCs and that malathion alters genes coding proteins with nucleic acid binding capacity, which was also observed in PBMCs exposed to permethrin. (bvsalud.org)
  • Additionally, we found that both insecticides deregulate genes coding proteins with chemotaxis functions, ion channels, and cytokines. (bvsalud.org)
  • Note that by convention gene names are italicized and the proteins they make are not. (cancerquest.org)
  • Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) with MLL gene rearrangements demonstrate unique gene expression profiles driven by MLL-fusion proteins. (ox.ac.uk)
  • 10 Similarly, in recent studies, at least one third of genes in diverse organisms can exhibit alternative transcription, leading to the production of N-terminally extended proteins or alternative reading frames. (biorxiv.org)
  • By contrast, the 10 downregulated genes were primarily associated with epithelial membrane proteins ( 11 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • The expression of the PCWDE-encoding genes has been so far primarily investigated on the level of transcriptional regulation by regulatory proteins, especially the transactivator Xyr1 and the repressor Cre1. (tuwien.at)
  • To reduce the risk of analyzing cell line- pathway can be divided into distinct stages based on the specific features, we used several representative cell lines for recombination status of the Ig genes and on the expression each of four major stages in B cell development: pro-B, pre-B, pattern of surface markers and the presence of intracellular proteins [1- 6]. (lu.se)
  • We confirmed the overexpression of dosage-sensitive genes along the duplicated region using RT-qPCR. (bvsalud.org)
  • Mutations, overexpression, rearrangement and translocation of this gene have been associated with a variety of hematopoietic tumors, leukemias and lymphomas, including Burkitt lymphoma. (arigobio.com)
  • Mutations, overexpression, rearrangement and translocation of this MYC gene have been associated with a variety of hematopoietic tumors, leukemias and lymphomas, including Burkitt lymphoma.The protein encoded by this gene is a multifunctional, nuclear phosphoprotein that plays a role in cell cycle progression, apoptosis and cellular transformation. (omnimabs.com)
  • AR gene rearrangements occurring in the context of AR amplification correlated with AR overexpression. (wustl.edu)
  • These novel gene fusions occur in the majority of prostate cancers identified by PSA screening and are the driving mechanism for overexpression of the three members of the ETS transcription factor family, either ERG (21q22.3), ETV1 (7p21.2), or ETV4 (17q21). (uni-luebeck.de)
  • We describe the clinical and molecular features of a child who presented with a large abdominal mass, AML, and a new CK, involving chromosomes 11, 16, and 19 leading to a KMT2A-MLLT1 fusion and 2 extra copies of the ELL gene, thus resulting in the concurrent overexpression of MLLT1 and ELL. (cancerindex.org)
  • However, prospective identification of targets in the clinic will not only illuminate their clinical significance, but will also further accelerate drug development-witness the way in which the introduction of gefitinib (Iressa) for lung cancer was followed in less than a decade by the identification of driver mutations, new targeted drugs, and the universal adoption of molecular profiling for treatment selection. (cancernetwork.com)
  • The PU.1/SPI1 gene is inactivated by point mutations in human myeloid malignancies. (ox.ac.uk)
  • SIGNIFICANCE: The demonstration that a somatic point mutation tips the balance of genome-binding pattern provides a mechanistic paradigm for how missense mutations in transcription factor genes may be oncogenic in human tumors.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 681. (ox.ac.uk)
  • ALL cancers have lots of additional changes, the so-called 'passenger' mutations, that may contribute to the cancer, but are not the main genes. (cancerquest.org)
  • The transcription initiation TFIID complex is composed of TATA binding protein (TBP) and a number of TBP-associated factors (TAFs). (embl-heidelberg.de)
  • The human eight twenty-one (ETO, MTG8 or CBFA2T1) and related myeloid transforming gene products MTGR1 and MTG16 as well as the Nervy protein contain the NHR1-4 domains. (embl-heidelberg.de)
  • We demonstrate here that GSK-3 maintains the MLL leukemia stem cell transcriptional program by promoting the conditional association of CREB and its coactivators TORC and CBP with homedomain protein MEIS1, a critical component of the MLL-subordinate program, which in turn facilitates HOX-mediated transcription and transformation. (stanford.edu)
  • This gene provides instructions for making a protein called forkhead box P2, which appears to be essential for the normal development of speech and language. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The ETS-domain transcription factors divide into subfamilies based on protein similarities, DNA-binding sequences, and interaction with cofactors. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Non (protein)-coding RNAs are the most abundant transcriptional products of the coding genome, and comprise several different classes of molecules with unique lengths, conformations and targets. (frontiersin.org)
  • Genes whose protein products stimulate or enhance the division and viability of cells. (cancerquest.org)
  • Genes whose protein products can directly or indirectly prevent cell division or lead to cell death. (cancerquest.org)
  • As an example TP 53 refers to the gene and p53 refers to the protein. (cancerquest.org)
  • The protein encoded by this gene is a multifunctional, nuclear phosphoprotein that plays a role in cell cycle progression, apoptosis and cellular transformation. (arigobio.com)
  • The synthesis of non-AUG initiated protein is suppressed in Burkitt's lymphomas, suggesting its importance in the normal function of this gene. (arigobio.com)
  • However, recent studies in many organisms and in humans have revealed significant protein sequence variation due to the presence of somatically acquired genetic variants, alternative transcription, and mRNA splicing, which are not necessarily annotated in reference databases. (biorxiv.org)
  • For example, most human tissues in healthy individuals acquire somatic nucleotide substitutions, insertions, deletions and DNA rearrangements, leading to the production of variant protein isoforms. (biorxiv.org)
  • Of the 31 genes, the 21 upregulated genes were primarily associated with cell paracrine and intracellular signaling, transcription regulation and cell adhesion and migration, and their transcriptional products included transforming growth factor-β2 (TGF-β2), insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 2 and transcriptional factor AP-2α/γ ( 11 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Strikingly, immunohistochemistry analysis showed altered protein levels, disclosing that this rearrangement triggered the expression of FOXP1 and TP63 genes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • According to the structure: a long-end repeating structure (LIT) similar to the reverse transcription virus, containing GAG and POL genes, but the film-free protein gene ENU does not have LTR but has 3'Polya, with Cardiocodecodes containing GAG and POL Similar sequences, 5 'is often truncated. (techintroduce.com)
  • This translocation produced an in-frame fusion gene consisting of exons 1-6 of ESR1 and the C-terminus of the Hippo pathway coactivator gene, YAP1 , thereby generating a stable ESR1 fusion protein that was a highly active constitutive transcription factor. (healthyhormonesclub.com)
  • Our group more recently discovered another in-frame ESR1 fusion gene involving the protocadherin 11 X-linked gene, PCDH11X provided by inter-chromosomal translocation that also produced stable ESR1 fusion protein identified in a patient with endocrine-refractory, metastatic ER+ breast cancer. (healthyhormonesclub.com)
  • This gene encodes a protein with protease activity and is expressed in the placenta. (cancerindex.org)
  • What does this gene/protein do? (cancerindex.org)
  • One of the few antigens against which mammals develop protective immunity is the highly polymorphic OspC protein, encoded by the ospC gene on the cp26 plasmid. (cdc.gov)
  • By means of DNA sequencing of a large sample collection of the pathogen from across the United States, we studied the gene for the bacterium's highly diverse OspC protein, protective immunity against which develops in animals. (cdc.gov)
  • Future reports could continue to delineate the description, considering the relationship between the chromosome segment and the genes involved. (bvsalud.org)
  • that removes a small segment of chromosome 7 , including the FOXP2 gene and several neighboring genes. (medlineplus.gov)
  • It remains unclear how having two maternal copies of chromosome 7 affects the activity of the FOXP2 gene. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Additional features that are sometimes associated with FOXP2 -related speech and language disorder, including delayed motor development and autism spectrum disorders, likely result from changes to other genes on chromosome 7. (medlineplus.gov)
  • For example, in affected individuals with a deletion involving chromosome 7, a loss of FOXP2 is thought to disrupt speech and language development, while the loss of nearby genes accounts for other signs and symptoms. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Although mutation- or pathway-directed targeted therapy (e.g., using tyrosine kinase inhibitors to treat Philadelphia chromosome [Ph]-positive and Phlike B-cell-ALL) is currently available for only a minority of children with ALL, many of the newly identified molecular alterations have led to the exploration of approaches targeting deregulated cell pathways. (haematologica.org)
  • Single additional alterations to del(5q) by balanced chromosome rearrangements were rarely found in myelodysplasia. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our results revealed that the FOXP1 and TP63 genes were both relocated along chromosome 3. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Conversely, balanced chromosome rearrangements were rarely found as a single additional alteration to del (5q). (biomedcentral.com)
  • The complex chromosome 3 rearrangement was found in all the metaphases, strongly suggesting its role as a driver mutation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We have performed an in silico search for "sense-antisense gene clusters" within two regions from human chromosome 6 (6q21 and 6q27) that have long been reported to carry cancer-associated deletions and rearrangements, but for which no tumor suppressor genes has been unambiguously identified. (hsanmartino.it)
  • Also similar to the Philadelphia chromosome in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), the gene fusion in prostate cancer has potential as an important candidate for the development of targeted therapy. (uni-luebeck.de)
  • Lateral gene transfers resulted in different linkages between the ospC gene and loci of the chromosome or other plasmids. (cdc.gov)
  • To characterize gene expression signatures in acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) cells associated with known genotypic abnormalities in adult patients. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Mad:Max, Max:Myc) provides a system of transcriptional regulation with greater diversity of gene targets. (wikipedia.org)
  • Furthermore, Max required BRG1 to activate neuroendocrine transcriptional programs and to up-regulate Myc targets, such as glycolytic-related genes. (wikipedia.org)
  • A total of 7 possible genetic alterations and epigenetic changes in CAFs are discussed, including gene differential expression, karyotype analysis, gene copy number variation, loss of heterozygosis, allelic imbalance, microsatellite instability, post‑transcriptional control and DNA methylation. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Furthermore, monitoring QS signaling gene expression revealed that AHL synthases LasI/RhlI and QS transcriptional regulators LasR/RhlR genes were inhibited and antagonized, respectively, by cerPAC. (nature.com)
  • On the other hand, since the eukaryotes are not separated from the transcription and transcription process in the nuclear structure, the transcriptional enzyme is not limited by the mobile factor, but by other genes pass trans. (techintroduce.com)
  • In line with this, RBPJL is able to fully reconstitute transcriptional repression at Notch target genes in cells lacking RBPJ. (uni-ulm.de)
  • Gene expression profiles from 128 adult patients with newly diagnosed ALL were characterized using high-density oligonucleotide microarrays. (aacrjournals.org)
  • T-lineage ALL was characterized by a homogeneous gene expression pattern, whereas several subgroups of B-lineage ALL were evident. (aacrjournals.org)
  • BCR/ABL + gene expression pattern was more heterogeneous and was most similar to ALL without known molecular rearrangements. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Supervised analysis of kinase genes revealed a high-level FLT3 expression in a subset of cases without molecular rearrangements. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Here, we used quantitative real-time PCR, profiling the expression of 93 genes in single-cells from three different cell lines. (frontiersin.org)
  • We found that the total transcript level per cell and the expression of most individual genes correlated with progression through the cell cycle, but not with cell size. (frontiersin.org)
  • Detailed analysis of cell cycle predictive genes allowed us to define subpopulations with distinct gene expression profiles and to calculate a cell cycle index that illustrates the transition of cells between cell cycle phases. (frontiersin.org)
  • Here, we employed single-cell gene expression profiling to describe the dynamic transition between cell proliferative states in three different cell lines using a panel consisting of 93 marker genes. (frontiersin.org)
  • 2) We have discovered a group of oncoproteins that are implicated in long-term maintenance of gene expression through their effects on the state of chromatin. (stanford.edu)
  • This study aimed to investigate whether in vitro exposure to 0.1 µM permethrin and malathion at 0, 24, 48 and 72 h after cell culture initiation induced changes in the gene expression and DNA methylation in mononuclear cells from bone marrow and peripheral blood (BMMCs, PBMCs). (bvsalud.org)
  • Both pesticides induced several gene expression modifications in both tissues. (bvsalud.org)
  • Our results suggest that these pesticides have the potential to modify gene expression through changes in promoter DNA methylation and potentially through other mechanisms that should be investigated. (bvsalud.org)
  • Pre-B ALL patients without recurrent gene fusions (104) were classified using a gene-expression profile based on Ph-like signature genes analyzed by qRT-PCR. (bvsalud.org)
  • We used genome engineering to perform experimental modeling of AR gene rearrangements and long-read RNA sequencing to analyze effects on expression ofARandtruncatedARvariants (AR-V). Results: AR was among the most frequently rearranged genes in CRPC tumors. (wustl.edu)
  • AR gene rearrangements promoted expression of diverse AR-V species. (wustl.edu)
  • Cell lines with experimentally derived AR gene rearrangements displayed high expression of tumor-specific AR-Vs andwere resistant to endocrine therapies, including the AR antagonist enzalutamide. (wustl.edu)
  • CAFs are different from NFs, and their unique phenotypes and functions are partly determined by differences in gene expression. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • The prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 gene (PTGS2), which encodes cyclooxygenase-2, was found to upregulate the expression of TGF-β2 ( 14 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • These results are consistent with another study concerning the gene expression profiling of breast CAFs, which were detected using a complementary DNA microarray ( 15 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • In neurons, these features include position, dendritic and axonal projections, patterns of gene expression and targets. (serverdomain.org)
  • The identity of muscles can be reliably determined by their patterns of gene expression (reviewed in BAYLIES et al. (serverdomain.org)
  • Since antisense transcription is increasingly recognized as a molecular mechanism involved in the regulation of gene expression, a significant proportion of human disease genes could potentially display antisense-mediated abnormal patterns of gene expression. (hsanmartino.it)
  • Die Expression der Gene, die diese Enzyme kodieren, wurde bisher hauptsächlich auf Ebene der Transkriptionsregulation durch regulierende Proteine erforscht, insbesondere die Transaktivatoren Xyrl (Xylanase Regulator 1) und der Repressor Cre1(Carbon Katabolit Repressor 1), deren Zusammenspiel hauptsächlich die Expression dieser Enzyme reguliert. (tuwien.at)
  • The interplay between these two transcription factors mainly regulates the expression of PCWDEs. (tuwien.at)
  • Spatial colinearity in the expression of these genes along the major body axis was nevertheless maintained, despite abnormal expression boundaries. (unige.ch)
  • Several molecular platforms have been used to investigate the molecular profile of the disease, from high throughput gene expression analyses down to single cell biological dissection. (oaepublish.com)
  • Search the gene expression profiles from curated DataSets in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) repository. (cancerindex.org)
  • tures and gene expression patterns. (lu.se)
  • immature cell is then subjected to negative selection to delete grouped based on their previously defined pheno- self-reactive cells before it leaves the BM to enter peripheral typic features, and a gene expression pattern for lymphoid organs, where it becomes a mature B cell [9]. (lu.se)
  • the gene expression profile during B lymphoid differentiation. (lu.se)
  • How Reliable Are Gene Expression-Based and Immunohistochemical Biomarkers Assessed on a Core-Needle Biopsy? (lu.se)
  • 3. Translational research - to identify predictive biomarkers for treatment decision - by immunohistochemistry, gene expression or sequencing. (lu.se)
  • MAX (also known as myc-associated factor X) is a gene that in humans encodes the MAX transcription factor. (wikipedia.org)
  • HER2/neu (also called ERB B2 ) is the gene that encodes the human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2. (cancerquest.org)
  • In the t(8;21) translocation associated with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), the AML1(CBFA2/PEBP2alphaB) gene is juxtaposed to the MTG8(ETO/CDR) gene. (embl-heidelberg.de)
  • Chromosomal rearrangements involving ETS transcription factors, such as ERG and ETV1, occur frequently in prostate cancer. (harvard.edu)
  • The AML1-CBFbeta transcription factor complex is essential for the definitive hematopoiesis of all lineages and is the most frequent target of chromosomal rearrangements in human leukemia. (embl-heidelberg.de)
  • Recurrent chromosomal rearrangements have not been well characterized in common carcinomas. (uni-luebeck.de)
  • Here, we report that the RasGAP gene, RASAL2, functions as a tumor and metastasis suppressor in the MMTV mouse model of breast cancer. (harvard.edu)
  • This first category also includes genes that contribute to tumor growth by inhibiting cell death. (cancerquest.org)
  • The genes in the second group are called tumor suppressors. (cancerquest.org)
  • This is in contrast with tumor suppressor genes which must BOTH be defective to lead to abnormal cell division. (cancerquest.org)
  • Experimental validation of each sense-antisense cluster detected in this study, followed by definition of bona fide tumor suppressor candidates based on the available annotation features, confirmed the feasibility of this approach to better define candidate cancer-associated genes. (hsanmartino.it)
  • Auβerdem ist dies die einzige rekurrente Genfusion in einem Tumor mit einer der h{\"o}chsten Pr{\"a}valenzen.ErgebnisseInzwischen wurde mehrfach best{\"a}tigt, dass ERG das h{\"a}ufigste der ETS-Gene ist, das mit TMPRSS2 fusioniert. (uni-luebeck.de)
  • In summary, we describe oncogenic subversion of transcription factor function through subtle alteration of DNA binding leading to cellular proliferation and differentiation arrest. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Despite the differences in their normal roles, these genes all contribute to unregulated cell division if they are present in a mutant (oncogenic) form. (cancerquest.org)
  • The basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor SHARP1 is an oncogenic driver in MLL-AF6 acute myelogenous leukemia. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Mechanistically, SHARP1 binds to transcriptionally active chromatin across the genome and activates genes critical for cell survival as well as key oncogenic targets of MLL-AF6. (ox.ac.uk)
  • We also identified a set of 83 genes that were highly expressed in leukemia blasts from patients without known molecular abnormalities who subsequently relapsed following therapy. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Two other kinases (PRKCB1 and DDR1) were highly expressed in cases without molecular rearrangements, as well as in BCR/ABL-positive ALL. (aacrjournals.org)
  • This mechanism also applies to hematopoietic cells transformed by other HOX genes, including CDX2, which is highly expressed in a majority of acute myeloid leukemias, thus providing a molecular approach based on GSK-3 inhibitory strategies to target HOX-associated transcription in a broad spectrum of leukemias. (stanford.edu)
  • However, to date the prognostic impact and molecular consequences of these rearrangements were poorly investigated. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We are studying the role that normal chromatin structure plays in gene regulation in hematopoietic cells and how its disruption leads to altered development and cancer. (stanford.edu)
  • With the recent and better knowledge on how gene regulation occurs and after intense debate in the academic community 1 , epigenetics has been commonly defined as "the study of changes in gene function that are mitotically and/or meiotically heritable and that do not entail a change in DNA sequence" 2 . (nature.com)
  • Cancer is a pathological phenotype that could represent a potential target for such gene regulation mechanism, given the high number of genes governing cancer-related cellular functions such as proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. (hsanmartino.it)
  • Modifications in gene regulation are driving forces in the evolution of organisms. (unige.ch)
  • Here, we analysed their regulation in murine vibrissae and chicken feather primordia, two skin appendages expressing different Hoxd gene subsets, and compared the regulation of these genes in these appendages with that in the elongation of the posterior trunk. (unige.ch)
  • In the two former structures, distinct subsets of Hoxd genes are contacted by different lineage-specific enhancers, probably as a result of using an ancestral chromatin topology as an evolutionary playground, whereas the gene regulation that occurs in the mouse and chicken embryonic trunk partially relies on conserved CREs. (unige.ch)
  • PCDH11X fusions, the LBD of ESR1 is replaced with in-frame sequences from another gene, and therefore the drug binding domain that endocrine therapies recognize is absent. (healthyhormonesclub.com)
  • These two fusions promoted endocrine therapy resistant cell proliferation and constitutively activated ER target genes. (healthyhormonesclub.com)
  • The situation with solid tumors is considerably more complex, and the evolution of targeted therapies for these cancers is still in its infancy. (cancernetwork.com)
  • At present, and for some years to come, the treatment of most solid tumors will continue to rely on a patchwork of empirically derived and newly introduced molecularly targeted agents. (cancernetwork.com)
  • This fusion involves the androgen-regulated gene TMPRSS2 and so far three members of the ETS family of transcription factors already described as rearranged in the Ewing's family of tumors. (uni-luebeck.de)
  • Mutant SPI1 binding at promoters activates gene sets typically promoted by other ETS factors, resulting in enhanced proliferation and decreased terminal B-cell differentiation in model cell lines and primary samples. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Activates the transcription of growth-related genes. (arigobio.com)
  • Rearrangement of dimers (e.g. (wikipedia.org)
  • The dimers bind at kappa-B sites in the DNA of their target genes and the individual dimers have distinct preferences for different kappa-B sites that they can bind with distinguishable affinity and specificity. (abcam.com)
  • New therapeutic treatments are expected to target and reverse these modifications by inactivating the enzymes responsible for the deregulation of specific genes 7 . (nature.com)
  • Thus, a precise characterization of KMT2A-r and the fusion partner genes, especially in CKs, is of interest for managing AML. (cancerindex.org)
  • Here we show that in mice with ERG or ETV1 targeted to the endogenous Tmprss2 locus, either factor cooperated with loss of a single copy of Pten, leading to localized cancer, but only ETV1 appeared to support development of invasive adenocarcinoma under the background of full Pten loss. (harvard.edu)
  • It acts as a transcription factor, which means that it helps control the activity of other genes. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Because forkhead box P2 is a transcription factor, these changes affect the activity of other genes in the developing brain. (medlineplus.gov)
  • A Recurrent Activating Missense Mutation in Waldenström Macroglobulinemia Affects the DNA Binding of the ETS Transcription Factor SPI1 and Enhances Proliferation. (ox.ac.uk)
  • It functions as a transcription factor that regulates transcription of specific target genes. (arigobio.com)
  • Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is a lethal stage of the disease that emerges when endocrine therapies are no longer effective at suppressing activity of the androgen receptor (AR) transcription factor. (wustl.edu)
  • NF-kappa-B is a pleiotropic transcription factor which is present in almost all cell types and is involved in many biological processed such as inflammation, immunity, differentiation, cell growth, tumorigenesis and apoptosis. (abcam.com)
  • TY factor is often located in the TRNA gene, The 5SrRNA gene and the gene of the U6 are adjacent or upstream, showing the promoters or related sequences of these transposons to transcribed by RNA polymerase III. (techintroduce.com)
  • The transcription factor RBPJ forms a coactivator complex in the presence of a Notch signal, whereas it represses Notch target genes in the absence of a Notch stimulus. (uni-ulm.de)
  • The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is a bona fide ligand-regulated transcription factor. (uni-ulm.de)
  • CRLF2, ABL1/2 rearrangements, and Ik6 isoform were screened using RT-PCR and FISH. (bvsalud.org)
  • Constitutional syndromes such as Down syndrome and ataxia-telangiectasia are associated with increased risk of B-cell-ALL (with CRLF2 rearrangement) and T-cell-ALL, respectively. (haematologica.org)
  • It is therefore included in the bHLHZ family of transcription factors. (wikipedia.org)
  • Unlike sequence-specific transcription factors, epigenetic regulators do not necessarily bind DNA at consensus sequences, but still achieve reproducible target binding in a manner that is cell and maturation-type specific. (frontiersin.org)
  • A growing body of evidence indicates that epigenetic regulators rely, amongst other factors, on their interaction with untranslated RNA molecules for guidance to particular targets on DNA. (frontiersin.org)
  • Genes mainly involved in coding adhesion molecules and growth factors have also been found to be upregulated in other types of CAFs, including colon ( 12 ) and pancreatic ( 13 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • 1998). This includes in particular the transcription factors evenskipped (FRASCH et al. (serverdomain.org)
  • As confirmed by other groups, we demonstrated that, within the group of ETS transcription factors, ERG is the most common fusion partner of the ETS genes with TMPRSS2. (uni-luebeck.de)
  • During tetrapod limb development, the HOXA13 and HOXD13 transcription factors are critical for the emergence and organization of the autopod, the most distal aspect where digits will develop. (unige.ch)
  • Since previous work had suggested that the Dbx2 gene is a target of these factors, we set up to analyze in detail this potential regulatory interaction. (unige.ch)
  • Cooperative activity of GR with other transcription factors and a plethora of coregulators contribute to the tissue- and context-specific response toward the endogenous and pharmacological glucocorticoids (GCs). (uni-ulm.de)
  • More recently the Max gene becomes mutated and becomes inactivated in small cell lung cancer (SCLC). (wikipedia.org)
  • Several genes deregulated in this study are potentially associated with cancer onset and development, and some of them have been reported to be deregulated in hematological cancer. (bvsalud.org)
  • A diagram showing the major cancer genes for some cancers. (cancerquest.org)
  • The larger the gene name, the more frequently that gene is defective in that cancer type. (cancerquest.org)
  • Of the 30,000 or so genes that are currently thought to exist in the human genome , there is a small subset that seems to be particularly important in the prevention, development, and progression of cancer. (cancerquest.org)
  • These genes have been found to be either malfunctioning or non-functioning in many different kinds of cancer. (cancerquest.org)
  • In this review, we summarize some recent findings on HPV-associated carcinogenesis, such as miRNAs in HPV-associated cancers, implication of stem cells in the biology and therapy of HPV-positive cancers, HPV vaccines, targeted therapy of cervical cancer, and drug treatment for HPV-induced intraepithelial neoplasias. (virosin.org)
  • Experimental Design: We used whole-genome and targeted DNA-sequencing approaches to identify mechanisms underlying CRPC in an aggregate cohort of 272 prostate cancer patients. (wustl.edu)
  • Preliminary experimental evidence has been reported recently for the occurrence of natural antisense transcript for several genes whose function has been implicated in cancer pathogenesis. (hsanmartino.it)
  • Considering the high incidence of prostate cancer and the high frequency of this gene fusion, the TMPRSS2-ETS gene fusion is the most common genetic aberration so far described in human malignancies. (uni-luebeck.de)
  • In this combined immunodeficiency (SCID) cancer is low in these species (as it chapter, some aspects of this issue mice, in which the human target is in humans), which renders cancer are discussed. (who.int)
  • Inoculation with a high dose strains of LMP1 transgenic mice vide a powerful tool in mechanistic of EBV caused a B-cell lymphopro- were established that express LMP1 studies on the role of individual viral liferative disorder in these mice, under the control of the immunoglob- genes in cancer. (who.int)
  • In fact, we shall focus on integrating emerging treatments with therapeutic strategies that include both the older endocrine therapies (the "original targeted therapies") against breast and prostate cancers, and the empirically-derived successful chemotherapies, such as platinums, that are used in gynecologic cancers. (cancernetwork.com)
  • So far, this is the only gene rearrangement in any of the most prevalent cancers. (uni-luebeck.de)
  • Recent advances in nucleic acid sequencing now permit rapid and genome-scale analysis of genetic variation and transcription, enabling population-scale studies of human biology, disease, and diverse organisms. (biorxiv.org)
  • We analyzed structural rearrangements at the genome-wide level and carried out a detailed structural rearrangement analysis of the AR locus. (wustl.edu)
  • in one study, 31 genes in breast CAFs, which were identified using Affymetrix Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 and an empirical Bayesian model, were different from those in NFs ( 11 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Thus, the same system and chemistry can serve various applications, including ultra-rapid targeted counting for infectious disease testing, sequencing of small panels for oncology in as little as nine hours, sequencing of larger panels within about a day, and whole-genome sequencing. (genomeweb.com)
  • and (iv) genes harboring germline non-silent variants presumed to confer a risk of sporadic ALL. (haematologica.org)
  • 1q23.1 homozygous deletion and downregulation of Fc receptor-like family genes confer poor prognosis in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. (cancerindex.org)
  • Over the past years, epigenetics has been shown to play a central role in many different key functions at the cellular level, including differentiation, replication, and gene transcription 3 . (nature.com)
  • Subsequent differentiation allows for rear- analysis of a set of mouse B lineage cell lines rep- rangements of the Ig light-chain (IgL) genes that replace the resenting defined stages of B cell development us- surrogate light-chain genes on the surface of the B cell [8]. (lu.se)
  • Part of these changes involve cis-regulatory elements (CREs), which contact their target genes through higher-order chromatin structures. (unige.ch)
  • Altogether, while most enhancer-promoter interactions can occur in the absence of this series of CTCF sites, the binding of CTCF in the cluster is required to properly transform a rather unprecise process into a highly discriminative mechanism of interactions, which is translated into various patterns of transcription accompanied by the distinctive chromatin topology found at this locus. (unige.ch)
  • Intragenic recombination among ospC genes is known, but the extent to which recombination extended beyond the ospC locus itself is undefined. (cdc.gov)
  • Reverse transcription seater auto-encoding an integrase, the integrated portion of the integrated portion has a fixed length forward repair, indicating that the integrated enzyme can distract the target sequence, and the target sequence is multiplied by replication. (techintroduce.com)
  • Reverse sequence analysis showed that the MLLT1 gene was fused to the 16p11.2 region. (cancerindex.org)
  • The present review summarizes the recent achievements in understanding the gene profiles of CAFs and pays special attention to their possible epigenetic alterations. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Genetic alterations include genetic mutation, gene copy number variation (CNV), loss of heterozygosity (LOH), allelic imbalance (AI) and microsatellite instability (MSI). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • In particular, balanced alterations involving TP63 and FOXP1 genes were never reported in the literature. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Conclusions: AR gene rearrangements are an important mechanism of resistance to endocrine therapies in CRPC. (wustl.edu)
  • The homodimers and heterodimers compete for a common DNA target site (the E-box) in a gene promoter zone. (wikipedia.org)
  • Within B-lineage ALL, distinct signatures were associated with ALL1/AF4 and E2A/PBX1 gene rearrangements. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Emerging data suggest that gene fusion PCa demonstrates a distinct clinical course and thus support its use as a diagnostic test and prognostic biomarker. (uni-luebeck.de)
  • In addition to their importance in organizing a TAD border, which isolates the most posterior genes from the rest of the cluster, the positions and orientations of these sites suggest that CTCF may be instrumental in the selection of various subsets of contiguous genes, which are targets of distinct remote enhancers located in the flanking regulatory landscapes. (unige.ch)
  • We characterize two human MTG8-related genes, MTGR1 and MTGR2 (HGMW-approved symbols CBFA2T2 and CBFA2T3). (embl-heidelberg.de)
  • The genetic changes that underlie FOXP2 -related speech and language disorder disrupt the activity of the FOXP2 gene. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Researchers are working to determine which of these genes are involved and how changes in their activity lead to abnormal speech and language development. (medlineplus.gov)
  • By applying the random forests algorithm, a supervised machine learning approach, we show how a multi-gene signature that classifies individual cells into their correct cell cycle phase and cell size can be generated. (frontiersin.org)
  • In conclusion, we provide useful experimental approaches and bioinformatics to identify informative and predictive genes at the single-cell level, which opens up new means to describe and understand cell proliferation and subpopulation dynamics. (frontiersin.org)
  • The genes that have been identified to date have been categorized into two broad categories, depending on their normal functions in the cell. (cancerquest.org)
  • We have two copies of each gene and for oncogenes, a single defective copy is enough to cause a cell to divide. (cancerquest.org)
  • Many of these genes are responsible for providing the positive signals that lead to cell division. (cancerquest.org)
  • As stated in the introduction to this section, the defective versions of these genes, known as oncogenes, can cause a cell to divide in an unregulated manner. (cancerquest.org)